CN111618115A - Extruder and aviation large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation, which comprises a diversion die and a forming die, wherein a diversion hole through which an ingot can flow to form an intermediate blank is formed in the diversion die; the size of the flow guide hole is larger than that of the die hole, and the die hole can be completely projected inside the flow guide hole in the flowing direction of the cast ingot. The application provides an extrusion die, through increased the water conservancy diversion mould between moulded die and aluminium ingot blank to make aluminium metal produce predeformation before flowing into the nib, and utilize the pore wall in water conservancy diversion hole to the frictional resistance of aluminium metal reach the purpose that reduces each part metal flow velocity difference on the cross-section. The application also discloses an extruder comprising the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die.

Description

Extruder and aviation large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of material processing equipment, in particular to a large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation. In addition, the application still relates to an extruder including above-mentioned large specification L shape section bar extrusion die for aviation.

Background

The ultra-large specification aluminum profile for the special purpose of national defense construction has the fixed length of 8-11 meters, has high requirements on the form and position size precision based on functional requirements, and has technical indexes of bending degree and twisting degree reaching the high-precision or ultra-high precision requirements of GB/T14846 aluminum and aluminum alloy extruded profile size deviation.

FIG. 1 shows the cross-sectional shape of an example of an L-shaped profile for aircraft to which the present invention is applied, the product specification is EL4180, and the alloy state is 7000 series super-hard aluminum alloy. The maximum circumscribed circle of the section bar is 515mm, the width-thickness ratio is 19.5mm, and the maximum wall thickness is 60 mm. Because the section of the sectional material shown in the figure 1 is extremely asymmetric, only one end of the sectional material in the transverse direction of the bottom beam is provided with a side wall with a larger sectional area, the sectional area of the side wall accounts for 38.9 percent of the total sectional area of the sectional material, and the other side of the sectional material is not provided with a metal entity.

Due to the fact that the section of the sectional material is extremely asymmetric, when the sectional material is extruded, the flow velocity of metal on one side of the side wall of the sectional material is high due to unbalanced flow velocity of the metal, the sectional material deflects in the transverse direction and twists in the circumferential direction, and serious knife-shaped bending and twisting deformation are generated, as shown in fig. 2. The consequence is that it is not easy to effectively straighten the profile through the subsequent straightening operation to meet the requirements of technical conditions. Secondly, it is very dangerous that the product flows out of the die hole in an unbalanced manner during extrusion, and lateral deflection or circumferential torsion can cause the side wall side top to rub the discharge channel of the die system, so that the die is blocked, and the production cannot be continued, thereby causing serious production accidents. The difficulty is that the alloy used by the section bar as the aviation structural material is 7000 series superhard aluminum alloy, the metal fluidity is far lower than that of 6000 series aluminum alloy widely applied to the civil field, the extrudability is extremely poor, and the extrusion forming difficulty is increased.

In order to avoid the above problems, in general, the sectional material is designed to be symmetrical in terms of metal flow rate balance during product design, that is, an auxiliary side wall is added at the other end of the bottom beam in the transverse direction to reduce or eliminate lateral bending and twisting deformation during extrusion forming, and the auxiliary side wall is mechanically removed at the later part processing stage. Obviously, the purchase cost of a user can be greatly increased by adding the auxiliary side wall, particularly, the auxiliary side wall is expensive as an aluminum alloy aviation material, and the manufacturing method without the auxiliary side wall has obvious economic value for the super-large L-shaped section. In this case, the design and manufacture of the key tool for forming, i.e. the die, plays a crucial role in determining whether the profile geometry can meet the requirements of technical conditions or whether normal extrusion production can be achieved.

In summary, the design of the extrusion die and the successful production of the L-shaped profile with the asymmetric opposite poles are crucial, and therefore, how to overcome the obstacles caused by the asymmetric cross section through a reasonable die design scheme to improve the straightness of the profile extrusion, reduce the profile defects such as bending and twisting, and obtain a suitable cross section size is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Content of application

The utility model aims at providing a big specification L shape section bar extrusion die for aviation, this big specification L shape section bar extrusion die for aviation passes through addding of water conservancy diversion mould, can effectively strengthen the balance to each part velocity of flow of aluminium metal, improves the quality of product. Another object of the present application is to provide an extrusion press comprising the above large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

a large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation is used for machining a profile with a bottom beam and a side wall arranged on one side of the bottom beam, and is characterized by comprising a diversion die and a forming die, wherein the diversion die is provided with a diversion hole through which an ingot can flow to form an intermediate blank, the forming die is provided with a die hole through which the intermediate blank can flow to form the profile, and the die hole has the same shape as the cross section of the profile; the outlet end face of the diversion mold can be attached to the inlet end face of the forming mold and then is arranged in the mold sleeve; the size of the flow guide hole is larger than that of the die hole, and the die hole can be completely projected inside the flow guide hole in the flowing direction of the cast ingot.

Preferably, the diversion hole is a through hole with a uniform cross section.

Preferably, the diversion holes are used for processing one side, close to the side wall, of the bottom beam of the profile, and the upper side and the lower side of the bottom beam in the vertical direction deviate by 25-35mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes respectively; the diversion holes are used for processing one side, far away from the side wall, of the bottom beam of the section, and deviate by 25-35mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes in the horizontal direction, and deviate by 40-50mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction; the top surface, the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the position of the side wall of the profile, which are used for processing the profile, are respectively deviated by 8-12mm relative to the corresponding positions of the die holes.

Preferably, each edge of the hole wall of the flow guide hole is in transition connection with an arc surface, and the radius of the fillet is not less than 10 mm; the edges formed by the diversion holes and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the diversion mold are right angles or fillets with the radius less than or equal to 3 mm.

Preferably, the forming die is further provided with a blank cutter hole having the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the blank cutter hole is communicated with the die hole, and the blank cutter hole is positioned on one side of the die hole close to the outlet end of the forming die.

Preferably, the distance between the hole wall of the hollow cutter hole and the hole wall of the die hole is 3-5 mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the die hole corresponding to the side wall of the extruded profile is 63-65mm, and the height is 120-122 mm; the length of the die hole corresponding to the bottom edge of the extruded profile is 494-498 mm; the thickness of the die hole corresponding to the bottom beam for extruding the section is 28-29 mm; the included angle between the position of the die hole corresponding to the side wall for extruding the section and the bottom of the bottom beam corresponding to the section is set to be 100-102 degrees.

Preferably, the bottom edge of the bottom beam of the die hole is arc-shaped, and the height of the arc is 0.34-0.36 mm; the top edge of the die hole is in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26 mm; the bottom beam side-wall-free edge of the die hole is parallel to the vertical die center line of the forming die and is 270mm away from the bottom beam side-wall-free edge of the die hole; the bottom edge of the section bar is arranged in parallel with the central line of the horizontal die of the forming die, and the bottom edge is deviated by 26.0-26.5mm downwards.

Preferably, a working zone 1 area, a working zone 2 area, a working zone 3 area, a working zone 4 area and a working zone 5 area are sequentially arranged between the end part, far away from the side wall, of the bottom beam corresponding to the extruded section bar and the top surface of the side wall corresponding to the extruded section bar; the length of the working zone 1 is set to be 4-6 mm; the length of the working belt 2 area is set to be 11-13 mm; the length of the working belt 3 area is set to be 9-11 mm; the length of the working belt 4 area is set to be 24-26 mm; the length of the zone of the working tape 5 is set to be 14-16 mm.

The application also provides an extruder, which comprises the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die.

The aviation large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die is used for machining a profile with a bottom beam and a side wall arranged on one side of the bottom beam, and comprises a diversion die and a forming die, wherein the diversion die is provided with a diversion hole through which an ingot can flow to form an intermediate blank, the forming die is provided with a die hole through which the intermediate blank can flow to form the profile, and the die hole and the profile have the same cross section shape; the outlet end face of the diversion mold can be attached to the inlet end face of the forming mold and then is arranged in the mold sleeve; the size of the flow guide hole is larger than that of the die hole, and the die hole can be completely projected inside the flow guide hole in the flowing direction of the cast ingot. According to the large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation, the diversion die is additionally arranged between the forming die and the aluminum ingot blank, the balance of the flow velocity of each part of aluminum metal is enhanced through the diversion hole of the diversion die, the cross section of the diversion hole of the diversion die is related to the profile of the profile, so that the aluminum metal is pre-deformed before flowing into the die hole, and the purpose of reducing the flow velocity difference of each part of the aluminum metal on the cross section is achieved by utilizing the friction resistance of the hole wall of the diversion hole to the aluminum metal.

The extruder that this application provided is equipped with above-mentioned aviation with big specification L shape section bar extrusion die, because aviation has above-mentioned technological effect with big specification L shape section bar extrusion die, consequently, the extruder that is equipped with this aviation with big specification L shape section bar extrusion die should also have corresponding technological effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-size L-shaped profile for aviation;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of lateral bending easily caused by extrusion of a large-size L-shaped profile for aviation;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide die and a forming die in the large-size aviation L-shaped profile extrusion die provided by the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the assembly of a guide die, a forming die, a die sleeve, an extrusion cylinder, an extrusion pad, and an aluminum ingot blank;

FIG. 5 is a die hole size scheme of a forming die;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the die hole land size of the forming die;

FIG. 7 is a die hole size scheme of a guide die;

wherein: a bottom beam (1-1), a side wall (1-2), a bottom surface (1-3), a bottom beam top surface (1-4), an outer side surface (1-5), an inner side surface (1-6), a side wall top surface (1-7), a diversion mold (2-1), a diversion mold inlet end (2-2), a diversion hole (2-3), a diversion hole outline (2-4) and a forming mold (3-1), the forming die comprises a forming die inlet end (3-2), a die hole (3-3), a cutter hole (3-4), a working zone 1 area (3-5), a working zone 2 area (3-6), a working zone 3 area (3-7), a working zone 4 area (3-8), a working zone 5 area (3-9), a die sleeve (4), an extrusion cylinder (5), an extrusion pad (6) and an aluminum ingot blank (7).

Detailed Description

The core of this application provides a big specification L shape section bar extrusion die for aviation, and this big specification L shape section bar extrusion die for aviation passes through the addendum of water conservancy diversion mould, can show the machining efficiency who improves L shape section bar, reduces the processing cost, reduces subsequent processing procedure. Another core of the application is to provide an extruding machine comprising the large-size L-shaped profile extruding die for aviation.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 3 to 7, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide mold and a forming mold in a large-sized aviation L-shaped profile extrusion mold provided in the present application; FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the assembly of a guide die, a forming die, a die sleeve, an extrusion cylinder, an extrusion pad, and an aluminum ingot blank; FIG. 5 is a die hole size scheme of a forming die; FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the die hole land size of the forming die; fig. 7 is a die hole size scheme of a guide die.

In the embodiment, the large-size aviation L-shaped profile extrusion die is used for processing a profile which is provided with a bottom beam 1-1 and a side wall 1-2 arranged on one side of the bottom beam 1-1, specifically, the length of the bottom surface 1-3 of the profile is 485mm, the height of the bottom beam 1-1 is 26mm, namely the height between the top surface 1-4 of the bottom beam and the bottom surface 1-3 is 26mm, the width of the side wall 1-2 is 60mm, the height of the side wall 1-2 is 116mm, namely the distance between the top surface 1-7 of the side wall and the bottom surface 1-3 is 116mm, the included angle between the side wall 1-2 and the bottom beam 1-1 is 101 degrees, and the radius of a transition fillet between the side wall 1-2 and the bottom beam 1-1 is 10 mm.

The extrusion die comprises a diversion die 2-1 and a forming die 3-1, wherein a diversion hole 2-3 through which a cast ingot can flow to form an intermediate blank is formed in the diversion die 2-1, a die hole 3-3 through which the intermediate blank can flow to form a profile is formed in the forming die 3-1, the die hole 3-3 is the same as the cross section of the profile, and the shape of the diversion hole 2-3 is related to the cross section of the profile.

Specifically, the diversion mold 2-1 comprises a diversion mold inlet end 2-2 and a diversion mold 2-1 outlet end, the forming mold 3-1 comprises a forming mold inlet end 3-2 and a forming mold 3-1 outlet end, and the outlet end face of the diversion mold 2-1 can be attached to the inlet end face of the forming mold 3-1 and then is installed in the mold sleeve 4; the size of the diversion holes 2-3 is larger than that of the die holes 3-3, and the die holes 3-3 can be completely projected inside the diversion holes 2-3 in the flowing direction of the cast ingot.

More specifically, the extrusion die consists of a diversion die 2-1 and a forming die 3-1 which are combined for use, wherein the end face of the inlet end 2-2 of the diversion die is contacted with the cast ingot, and the outlet end face of the diversion die 2-1 is attached to the inlet end face of the forming die 3-1. The combination of the diversion die 2-1 and the forming die 3-1 is arranged in the die sleeve 4 and is matched with tools such as an extrusion cylinder 5 and the like for use. An aluminum ingot blank 7 is placed in a round hole of the extrusion cylinder 5, one end of the aluminum ingot blank is contacted with the inlet end 2-2 of the diversion die, and the other end of the aluminum ingot blank is contacted with the end surface of the extrusion pad 6. The extrusion pad 6 moves towards the direction of the die under the pushing force, so that the aluminum ingot blank 7 generates plastic deformation, and the aluminum metal flows into the diversion holes 2-3 of the diversion die 2-1 and then flows into the die holes 3-3 of the forming die 3-1. Under the radial constraint of the die hole 3-3 of the forming die 3-1, aluminum metal becomes a long strip-shaped aluminum product with a stable section in the length direction, namely a section after passing through the die hole 3-3.

According to the aviation large-size L-shaped section extrusion die, the diversion die 2-1 is additionally arranged between the forming die 3-1 and the aluminum ingot blank 7, the balance of the flow velocity of each part of aluminum metal is enhanced through the diversion hole 2-3 of the diversion die 2-1, the cross section of the diversion hole profile 2-4 of the diversion die 2-1 is correlated with the profile cross section of the section, so that the aluminum metal is pre-deformed before flowing into the die hole 3-3, and the purpose of reducing the difference of the metal flow velocity of each part on the cross section is achieved by utilizing the friction resistance of the hole wall of the diversion hole 2-3 to the aluminum metal.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the thickness of the guide die 2-1 is optional, preferably 60-120mm, and the example of the invention is 100 mm; the outer diameter of the flow guide die 2-1 can be selected, and the example is 700 and 800 mm. The thickness of the forming die 3-1 can be selected, preferably 120-180, and the embodiment of the invention is 150 mm; the outer diameter of the forming die 3-1 can be selected, preferably 700 and 800 mm. Other outer contour dimensions of the guide mold 2-1 and the forming mold 3-1 are determined based on matching with the relevant fittings, which are not critical elements of the present invention and will not be described further.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the diversion holes 2-3 are uniform cross-section through holes, that is, the diversion holes 2-3 have uniform cross sections in the extending direction between the inlet end 2-2 and the outlet end of the diversion die.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the diversion holes 2-3 are used for processing one side of the bottom beam 1-1 of the section bar, which is close to the side wall 1-2, and the corresponding positions of the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction relative to the die holes 3-3 are respectively deviated by 25-35 mm; specifically, the middle part of the bottom beam 1-1 is close to the center of the die, the metal fluidity is better than that of the end, without the side wall, of the bottom beam 1-1-2, but the upper side and the lower side of the flow guide hole 2-3 in the vertical direction are respectively deviated by 30mm relative to the die hole 3-3 due to the thin wall of the bottom beam 1-1.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the diversion holes 2-3 are used for processing one side of the bottom beam 1-1 of the section bar, which is far away from the side wall 1-2, and are deviated by 25-35mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes 3-3 in the horizontal direction, and are deviated by 40-50mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes 3-3 on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction; specifically, because the end 1-2 of the bottom beam 1-1 without the side wall is affected by the double effects of thin wall and large friction resistance close to the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder 5, the metal fluidity is the worst, and in order to reduce the friction resistance of the side wall of the diversion cavity to the metal and enhance the fluidity of the metal, the area of the diversion cavity needs to be properly increased, the diversion cavity deviates 30mm from the die holes 3-3 in the horizontal direction respectively, and the upper side and the lower side of the diversion cavity deviate 45mm from the die holes 3-3 in the vertical direction respectively.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the diversion holes 2-3 are used for processing the top surface and the outer side surface 1-5 of the side wall 1-2 of the section bar, and the corresponding positions of the inner side surface 1-6 relative to the die holes 3-3 are deviated by 8-12 mm; specifically, the metal entity area at the side wall 1-2 is the largest, the metal fluidity at the position is the strongest part on the forming section, and the friction resistance of the side wall of the flow guide hole 2-3 is needed to inhibit the metal flow so as to balance the metal flow velocity on the whole section, so the space of the flow guide hole 2-3 at the position is greatly limited, and the metal entity area deviates 10mm from the top surface, the outer side surface 1-5 and the inner side surface 1-6 of the die hole 3-3 of the side wall 1-2 respectively. Obviously, the frictional resistance to the metal flowing through the holes 2-3 is significant because the walls of the holes are very close to the holes 3-3.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the edges and corners of the hole walls of the diversion holes 2-3 are transitionally connected by arc surfaces, and the radius of the fillet is not less than 10 mm; specifically, in order to reduce turbulence caused by sharp corners, all edges and corners of the hole walls of the diversion holes 2-3 are in transition connection through arc surfaces, and the radius of the fillet is selectable and preferably not less than R10 mm.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the edges formed by the diversion holes 2-3 and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the diversion mold 2-1 are set to be right angles or fillets with the radius less than or equal to 3 mm. Specifically, edges formed by the diversion holes 2-3 and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the diversion mold 2-1 are set to be round corners or right angles with the round corner radius not larger than R3.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the forming die 3-1 is further provided with a blank hole 3-4 having the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the blank hole 3-4 is communicated with the die hole 3-3, and the blank hole 3-4 is located on the side of the die hole 3-3 close to the outlet end of the forming die 3-1.

Specifically, the die hole 3-3 of the forming die 3-1 plays a role in guiding metal to achieve the function of shaping the section size of the section. The section size of the hollow cutter hole 3-4 is larger than that of the forming hole, the aluminum metal is separated from the die metal, the die is prevented from rubbing the surface of the profile, and the hollow cutter hole plays a role in guiding the formed profile, so that the extruded profile moves in the extrusion direction as far as possible.

It should be noted here that the size of the die hole 3-3 is determined based on the parameters of the nominal size of the section of the profile, the dimensional tolerance, the metal expansion coefficient, the deformation temperature, the stretch straightening process and the like.

In addition to the above embodiments, the distance between the hole wall of the blank hole 3-4 and the hole wall of the die hole 3-3 is 3-5 mm.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the thickness of the die hole 3-3 corresponding to the side wall 1-2 of the extruded profile is 63-65mm, and the height is 120-122 mm; the length of the die hole 3-3 corresponding to the bottom edge of the extrusion profile is 494-498 mm; the thickness of the die hole 3-3 corresponding to the bottom beam 1-1 of the extruded section is 28-29 mm; the included angle between the position of the die hole 3-3 corresponding to the side wall 1-2 of the extruded section and the bottom of the bottom beam 1-1 corresponding to the extruded section is set to be 100-102 degrees.

Specifically, the width of the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3, that is, the thickness of the side wall 1-2 corresponding to the extruded profile, is set to be 65 mm; the height of the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3 is set to be 121 mm; the length of the bottom edge of the die hole 3-3, i.e. the length corresponding to the bottom edge of the extrusion, is set to 496 mm; the height of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3, that is, the thickness of the bottom beam 1-1 corresponding to the extrusion profile, was set to 28.6 mm; the included angle between the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3 and the bottom beam 1-1 is set to be 101 degrees.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the bottom edge of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 is in the shape of an arc, and the height of the arc is 0.34-0.36 mm; the top edge of the die hole 3-3 is set to be in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26 mm; specifically, the bottom surface 1-3 of the profile has a dent defect, i.e., a plane gap, due to the elastic deformation of the die in the extrusion state. In order to offset the size change caused by the elastic deformation of the die and avoid the condition that the section bar is scrapped due to the out-of-plane clearance, the bottom edge of the die hole 3-3 is in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.35 mm. In the same way, in order to counteract the influence of elastic deformation of the die, the top edge of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 is set to be in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.25 mm.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the edge of the bottom beam 1-1 without the side wall 1-2 of the mold hole 3-3 is parallel to the vertical mold center line of the forming mold 3-1 at a distance of 250-; the bottom edge of the section bar is arranged in parallel with the central line of the horizontal die of the forming die 3-1, and the bottom edge is deviated by 26.0-26.5mm downwards. Specifically, the section of the section is extremely asymmetric, so that the geometric center of the section is not suitable to be superposed with the axis of the forming die 3-1. In order to balance the flow rate of the metal, the side wall 1-2 part of the die hole 3-3 deviates from the axle center of the forming die 3-1 farther. In the embodiment, the edge 1-2 without side wall of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 is parallel to the central line of the forming die 3-1 vertical to the die, and the distance is 260 mm; the bottom edge of the section bar is arranged in parallel with the central line of the horizontal die of the forming die 3-1, and the bottom edge is deviated by 26.1mm downwards.

Further, the walls of the die holes 3-3 are a combination of continuous planes or curved surfaces, called a working band. The length of the band in the extrusion direction is different in the circumferential direction of the die orifice 3-3 for adjusting the metal flow rate in an effort to make the metal flow rate as uniform as possible in each part flowing through the die orifice 3-3. If the difference of the flow rates of the metal flowing through the die holes 3-3 is large, the extruded profile can deflect and twist, and obviously, whether the shape and the length of the working belt are reasonable or not is one of the key factors for successfully implementing the invention.

Specifically, a working zone 1 region 3-5, a working zone 2 region 3-6, a working zone 3 region 3-7, a working zone 4 region 3-8 and a working zone 5 region 3-9 are sequentially arranged between the end part of the bottom beam 1-1 corresponding to the extruded section, which is far away from the side wall 1-2, and the top surface of the side wall 1-2 corresponding to the extruded section in the die hole 3-3; the length of the 3-5 area of the working belt 1 is set to be 4-6 mm; the length of the 3-6 area of the working belt 2 is set to be 11-13 mm; the length of the 3-7 area of the working belt 3 is set to be 9-11 mm; the length of the 3-8 area of the working belt 4 is set to be 24-26 mm; the length of the zone 3-9 of the operating band 5 is set to 14-16 mm.

More specifically, the length of zone 3-6 of the band 2 is set at 12mm, since the flow of metal is favoured close to the centre of the die; considering that the working belt is far away from the center of a die hole 3-3, the wall thickness is thin, the metal flowability is the worst, and the length of a region 3-5 of the working belt 1 is set to be 5 mm; although the height of the die hole 3-3 is the same as that of the working zone 3-6 of the working zone 2, the metal flow is poor when the die hole is far away from the center of the die, and the length of the working zone 3-7 is set to be 10 mm; although the distance from the center of the die hole 3-3 is not favorable for metal flow, the solid metal of the side wall 1-2 is the largest, so that the metal flow is greatly promoted, and the length of the region 3-8 of the working zone 4 is set to be 25 mm; the length of the zone 3-9 of the working band 5 is smaller than that of the zone 3-8 of the working band 4, but is set to be 15mm larger than that of the zone 3-5, the zone 2 and the zone 3 of the working band 1, considering that the frictional resistance is greatest at the corners, which are farthest from the center of the die, and considering that the solid metal is large.

It should be noted here that the working bands between adjacent working bands are in a ramp transition connection in order to avoid sharp changes in the friction experienced by the metal between the working bands and to avoid significant extrusion streaking on the surface of the extrudate. The flow guide die 2-1 is arranged between the forming die 3-1 and the aluminum ingot blank 7, so that the flow velocity of each part of metal flowing into the die hole 3-3 is pre-balanced before the aluminum metal flows into the die hole 3-3.

Besides the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die, the application also provides an extruder comprising the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die, and particularly a heavy extruder with extrusion force of more than 10000 tons is selected for extrusion production for profile examples. Also, the profile example was extrusion-produced using the aforementioned extruder configuration with a circular extrusion cylinder 5 having an inner bore diameter of not less than 650 mm. The structure of other parts of the extruder is referred to the prior art, and the details are not repeated herein.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The aviation large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die provided by the application is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation is used for machining a profile which is provided with a bottom beam (1-1) and one side of the bottom beam (1-1) is provided with a side wall (1-2), and is characterized by comprising a guide die (2-1) and a forming die (3-1), wherein a guide hole (2-3) through which an ingot can flow to form an intermediate blank is formed in the guide die (2-1), a die hole (3-3) through which the intermediate blank can flow to form the profile is formed in the forming die (3-1), and the cross section shape of the die hole (3-3) is the same as that of the profile; the outlet end face of the diversion mold (2-1) can be attached to the inlet end face of the forming mold (3-1) and then is installed in the mold sleeve (4); the size of the flow guide hole (2-3) is larger than that of the die hole (3-3), and the die hole (3-3) can be totally projected inside the flow guide hole (2-3) in the flow direction of the cast ingot.

2. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, wherein the diversion holes (2-3) are through holes with uniform sections.

3. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, wherein the diversion holes (2-3) are used for machining one side, close to the side wall (1-2), of the bottom beam (1-1) of the profile, and the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction are respectively offset by 25-35mm relative to the corresponding positions of the die holes (3-3); the diversion holes (2-3) are used for processing one side, far away from the side wall (1-2), of a bottom beam (1-1) of the profile, and are deviated by 25-35mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes (3-3) in the horizontal direction, and are deviated by 40-50mm from the corresponding positions of the die holes (3-3) on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction; the guide holes (2-3) are used for processing the top surface, the outer side surface (1-5) and the inner side surface (1-6) of the side wall (1-2) of the section bar, and the positions of the guide holes deviate by 8-12mm relative to the corresponding positions of the die holes (3-3).

4. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, wherein the corners of the wall of each flow guide hole (2-3) are transitionally connected by a circular arc surface, and the radius of the circular arc is not less than 10 mm; edges formed by the diversion holes (2-3) and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the diversion mold (2-1) are set to be right angles or round corners with the radius less than or equal to 3 mm.

5. The large-size aviation L-shaped profile extrusion die according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the forming die (3-1) is further provided with a cutter-clearance hole (3-4) having the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the cutter-clearance hole (3-4) is communicated with the die hole (3-3), and the cutter-clearance hole (3-4) is positioned on one side of the die hole (3-3) close to the outlet end of the forming die (3-1).

6. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the hole wall of the hollow cutter hole (3-4) and the hole wall of the die hole (3-3) is 3-5 mm.

7. The large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to the side wall (1-2) for extruding the profile is 63-65mm, and the height is 120-122 mm; the length of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to the bottom edge of the extruded profile is 494-498 mm; the thickness of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to a bottom beam (1-1) for extruding the profile is 28-29 mm; the included angle between the position of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to the side wall (1-2) for extruding the section and the bottom of the bottom beam (1-1) for extruding the section is set to be 100-102 degrees.

8. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation of claim 5, wherein the bottom edge of the bottom beam (1-1) of the die hole (3-3) is in the shape of a circular arc, and the height of the circular arc is 0.34-0.36 mm; the top edge of the die hole (3-3) is set to be in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26 mm; the side of the bottom beam (1-1) without the side wall (1-2) of the die hole (3-3) is parallel to the vertical die center line of the forming die (3-1) at a distance of 250-270 mm; the bottom edge of the section bar is arranged in parallel with the horizontal die center line of the forming die (3-1), and the bottom edge is deviated by 26.0-26.5mm downwards.

9. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the die hole (3-3) is provided with a working zone 1 area (3-5), a working zone 2 area (3-6), a working zone 3 area (3-7), a working zone 4 area (3-8) and a working zone 5 area (3-9) in sequence from the end, away from the side wall (1-2), of the bottom beam (1-1) corresponding to the profile extrusion to the top surface of the side wall (1-2) corresponding to the profile extrusion; the length of the region (3-5) of the working band 1 is set to be 4-6 mm; the length of the area (3-6) of the working belt 2 is set to be 11-13 mm; the length of the region (3-7) of the working belt 3 is set to be 9-11 mm; the length of the region (3-8) of the working belt 4 is set to be 24-26 mm; the length of the zone (3-9) of the working tape 5 is set to be 14-16 mm.

10. An extruder, which comprises an aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die, and is characterized in that the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die is the aviation large-specification L-shaped profile extrusion die as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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