CN111616147B

CN111616147B - Jasmonic acid methyl ester and Si4+In combination with each other

Info

Publication number: CN111616147B
Application number: CN202010456207.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏婷; 李鲜; 孙燕妮; 郭军康; 贾红磊; 任心豪; 杨婧
Original assignee: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-26
Also published as: CN111616147A

Abstract

The invention discloses methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺Application in coercion belongs to the field of vegetable planting safety. Jasmonic acid methyl ester and Si⁴⁺The combined application of the components can not only reduce Cd in tomato seedlings²⁺Accumulated, also increases the photosynthetic pigment content and relieves Cd²⁺The stress inhibits the photosynthesis of tomato seedlings, and in addition, the combined action of exogenous Si and methyl jasmonate promotes Cd²⁺Remarkably relieves Cd in the growth of tomatoes under stress²⁺The growth of tomato seedlings is inhibited, so that the root length, the plant height and the dry weight and fresh weight are obviously increased.

Description

Jasmonic acid methyl ester and Si4+In combination with each other

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of vegetable planting safety, and particularly relates to methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺Application in coercion.

Background

Cd is one of heavy metal elements with the strongest toxicity in the environment, has the characteristics of strong biological mobility and easy absorption and accumulation by plants, and can generate toxic action on animals, plants and human bodies. High Cd²⁺The growth and development of plants under the stress of concentration are influenced by a series of influences, including the inhibition of seed germination, the reduction of growth rate, lipid peroxidation, the inhibition of stomatal opening, the destruction of photosynthetic organs, the disturbance of mineral nutrient absorption and transport and the like, and finally the reduction of crop yield and quality is caused. Cd [ Cd ]²⁺Enter the human body mainly through the food chain and are subjected to bio-enrichment andthe biological amplification effect is accumulated in a large amount in a human body, causes a series of injuries to the human body, is recognized as a specific high carcinogenic class I carcinogen, and causes toxic reaction even at low concentration.

Soil Cd commonly pushed at present²⁺The pollution remediation technology mainly adopts a physical and chemical technology, is high in cost and is easy to damage the soil environment and cause secondary pollution. Therefore, how to effectively utilize the existing land resources, improve the heavy metal resistance of plants and reduce Cd²⁺The transfer from soil to crops reduces the overproof risks of agricultural products, and becomes an urgent problem to be solved in agricultural production.

Si is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust and is considered as an essential nutrient element for plant growth. As already shown, Si⁴⁺Has the effects of enhancing plant photosynthesis, improving mineral nutrition imbalance, improving abiotic stress tolerance of plants, and the like. Horse and other researches found that [ Si-hemicellulose matrix ] exists in rice cell wall]The formation of a Cd complex helps to suppress Cd uptake. Lower silicon content in tomato plants compared to cereal crops Using these low accumulation plants as models should help elucidate the Si in plants⁴⁺Potential biochemical mechanisms of mediated cadmium tolerance.

Methyl jasmonate is an analogue of jasmonic acid, widely exists in higher plants, is a natural plant growth regulating factor, and plays an important role in regulation and control of plant growth and development, stress resistance and the like. The use of methyl jasmonate not only improves growth, induces the accumulation of active compounds, but also affects endogenous hormone levels and other physiological and biochemical characteristics in stressed plants. The existing research shows that exogenous jasmonic acid can obviously improve light and pigment such as chlorophyll, carotene and the like in a maize plant, and relieve the phenomenon of photosynthesis weakening of the plant caused by heavy metal stress, thereby improving the biomass.

At present, the role of methyl jasmonate in cold resistance, drought resistance and salt stress resistance is more researched, and the role is used for the Cd of tomatoes²⁺Stress regulation is less studied, and as the mechanism is not well studied, the corresponding method is still in search, but it is undeniable that jasmonic acid A is usedApplication of the ester can improve the growth of the plant. Already studies have shown that Si⁴⁺Has relieving effect on heavy metal stress of plants, but has effect on Si⁴⁺Co-acting with methyl jasmonate to alleviate Cd²⁺The research on the stress is rarely reported, and the compound combination is used for relieving Cd²⁺No study was made as to whether the toxicity of tomato seedlings could exert a synergistic effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome Cd²⁺The disadvantage that the growth of tomato seedlings is stressed under stress is that methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si are provided⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺Application in coercion.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺Application in coercion.

Further, spraying a methyl jasmonate aqueous solution on the branches and leaves of the tomato seedlings;

Si⁴⁺the exogenous donor is Na₂SiO₃·9H₂And O aqueous solution, and applying the O aqueous solution to the culture solution in which the tomato seedlings are positioned.

Further, the concentration of the methyl jasmonate aqueous solution was 10. mu. mol/L.

Further, Na₂SiO₃·9H₂The concentration of the O aqueous solution was 0.5 mol/L.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺The application in stress comprises spraying methyl jasmonate aqueous solution on leaves and applying exogenous Si⁴⁺Promote Cd²⁺The growth of tomato seedlings under stress has obvious effect of improving the root length and the dry weight, the root length and the plant height are respectively improved by 69.73 percent and 3.96 percent, the dry weight of roots, stems and leaves of the tomato seedlings are respectively improved by 317.39 percent, 110.85 percent and 119.71 percent, and the method is compared with the method of independently applying exogenous Si⁴⁺Or the two have synergistic effect when used together compared with methyl jasmonate; due to exogenous Si⁴⁺Can be deposited near the endothelial layer of the root, reduces the porosity of cell walls, forms a physical barrier and reduces the Cd at the root²⁺Transport to aerial parts while methyl jasmonate inhibits cell-to-Cd²⁺The absorption of (1) up-regulates the ability of cells to elongate and divide, and the synergistic effect of the two reduces the Cd pair²⁺Absorption and transport, increase of nutrient intake of tomato seedlings, reduction of cell damage leading to increase of dry weight; furthermore, methyl jasmonate and Si⁴⁺The combined application of the components can not only reduce Cd in tomato seedlings²⁺The accumulation also increases the content of photosynthetic pigments, the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are respectively increased by 7.28 percent and 6.46 percent, the effect is not obvious, but compared with the effect when the two are independently acted, the synergistic action of the two not only strengthens the effect when the two are independently acted, improves the content of the photosynthetic pigments in the leaves and relieves Cd²⁺The photosynthesis of the tomato seedlings is inhibited by stress, and the phenomenon that the detoxification effect is weakened caused by some uncontrollable factors when the methyl jasmonate is sprayed can be avoided; the content of carotenoid is obviously improved, the carotenoid is an auxiliary pigment for capturing light energy in photosynthesis, can absorb and transmit the light energy, can convert the captured light energy into chemical energy after transmitting the light energy to chlorophyll, has the function of protecting the chlorophyll, is an important endogenous antioxidant in plants, and obviously, the remarkable increase of the content of the carotenoid also plays a role in relieving Cd²⁺Critical effects of stress; in one aspect, methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Can protect Cd²⁺The integrity of photosynthetic organs under stress promotes the assembly of thylakoid membrane protein and improves the stability of the thylakoid membrane protein, so that the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid is increased, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and tomato seedlings are promoted to absorb CO₂Accumulating organic matters; on the other hand, Si⁴⁺And methyl jasmonate has the function of regulating growth even in Cd²⁺Under stress, the activity of antioxidant enzyme and protease can be improved, the synthesis of hormone in vivo and cell elongation are promoted, and Cd is reduced²⁺And (4) poisoning.

Detailed Description

Technical solutions in embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those described. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Examples

Selecting plump and uniform tomato seeds, sterilizing with 3% sodium hypochlorite for 15min, and repeatedly washing with distilled water until no smell is produced. And uniformly placing the mixture in a tray filled with vermiculite, scattering a layer of thin vermiculite on the surface of the mixture, and covering the mixture with a preservative film. Keeping sufficient moisture, tearing off the preservative film after the seeds germinate and continuing culturing. When the tomato seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, the tomato seedlings are transferred to a water culture box containing 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution and placed in an automatic control growth chamber for culture (the light is 15-17 hours, the dark is 7-9 hours, the relative humidity is 55% -65%, the temperature is 24-28 ℃ in the day, and the temperature is 18-22 ℃ at night). Selecting plants with consistent growth height after three weeks of water culture, transferring the plants into a water culture tank (the capacity is 1000mL, 15 x 17cm) for experiment, spraying 10 mu mol/L methyl jasmonate on tomato seedling leaves, wherein the spraying amount is suitable for wetting all the leaf surfaces, and adding 0.5mol/L water culture solution after 24hSi⁴⁺(Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O) and 18mmol/L Cd²⁺(CdCl₂·2.5H₂O), and adjusting the pH value of the culture solution to 6.0. Replacing the nutrient solution every three days, and adding Si into the nutrient solution⁴⁺And Cd²⁺。

Set 6 controls: spraying clear water without Cd²⁺The treated tomato plants were CK control group and Cd was performed by spraying clear water²⁺The treated tomato plant is Cd²⁺A treatment group, which takes the tomato plant sprayed with clear water and only subjected to Si treatment as Si⁴⁺Treatment group, Si by spraying with clean water⁴⁺And Cd²⁺The treated tomato plants are a Cd + Si treatment group, the tomato plants which are sprayed with methyl jasmonate but not treated are an M treatment group, and the tomato plants which are sprayed with methyl jasmonate are subjected to Cd treatment²⁺The treated tomato plants are a Cd + M treatment group, and Si is carried out by spraying methyl jasmonate⁴⁺And Cd²⁺The treated tomato plants were Cd + Si + M treatment groups, 4 in parallel per treatment group, and harvested after 7 days.

Test result items were as follows:

1. root length and plant height

The root length and plant height of the tomato plants were measured with a ruler.

2. Dry weight of

Dividing tomato plants into roots, stems and leaves, wherein the roots are soaked in an ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid solution for 15min, then the residual nutrient solution of the roots is washed away by deionized water, water is sucked dry by filter paper, then all organs of the tomatoes are placed in an oven at 105 ℃ for 30min, dried at 80 ℃ to constant weight, and the dry weight is weighed.

3. Photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid)

Weighing 0.1g of three-week-old tomato leaves, adding 10mL of 95% ethanol by volume fraction, soaking in dark for 24h, measuring absorbances at 665nm, 649nm and 470nm by using a microplate reader, adjusting to zero by using 95% ethanol as a blank, and calculating the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid.

Determination of Cd content

Weighing dried tomato plantsGrinding the sample, placing 0.25g into a digestion tube, opening the fume hood, and adding 10mL of concentrated HNO₃Covering a digestion cover, standing overnight (more than 10 h), heating the digestion instrument the next day, digesting at 80 ℃ for 1.5h, at 120 ℃ for 1.5h, at 150 ℃ for 3h, dispelling acid at 175 ℃ to 1mL, cooling the digestion solution, transferring the liquid to a 10mL volumetric flask, adding 1% HNO₃Diluting to scale mark, filtering with 0.45 μm filter membrane, and digesting if the filtrate is ready for use. Cd content was determined by AAS, 4 replicates per treatment.

5. Data processing

Data processing software was used for sorting, single factor analysis of variance and multiple comparisons (p <0.05) were performed using SPSS20.0, and all data were mean of triplicate experiments.

Table 1 shows Cd in tomato seedlings under different conditions²⁺Content of Cd in comparison with CK group²⁺Cd in tomato under stress²⁺The content is obviously increased, and each part of the plant contains Cd²⁺The accumulated concentration is root from high to low>Stem of a tree>And (4) leaves. With Cd²⁺Treatment group comparison, exogenous Si⁴⁺And methyl jasmonate can act alone or in combination to enable Cd in tomato²⁺The content is reduced, but the treatment difference of the three is not obvious. At an exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd in root, stem and leaf of tomato under combined action of methyl jasmonate²⁺The content is respectively reduced by 17.51 percent, 35.70 percent and 7.13 percent, wherein the overground part of Cd²⁺The content reduction is particularly obvious, which indicates that the exogenous Si is⁴⁺Combined action with methyl jasmonate to reduce Cd at the root of tomato seedling²⁺Absorption, transport, and influence of Cd²⁺Distribution in different organs of tomato seedlings to relieve Cd²⁺Toxic effect on tomato.

TABLE 1 Cd content in tomato seedlings under different conditions

Table 2 shows the root length and plant height of tomato under different conditions. Cd [ Cd ]²⁺Under stress, the root length and plant height of tomato seedlings are significantly reduced (p)<0.05). Exogenous Si⁴⁺Can improve Cd by the independent action and the combined action of methyl jasmonate²⁺The root length and plant height of the tomato under stress, but the improvement effect on the root length is obviously higher than that of the plant height, and the tomato is in exogenous Si⁴⁺The tomato root length is respectively improved by 23.37 percent and 54.40 percent under the independent action of methyl jasmonate, and is improved by 69.73 percent under the combined action of methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate. Therefore, under the synergistic effect of the two, the normal respiration of the roots is not inhibited, the damage to the roots is reduced, and the tomato seedlings grow robustly.

TABLE 2 tomato root length and plant height under different conditions

Table 3 shows the dry weight of each part of the tomato seedlings under different conditions, and as can be seen from Table 3, Cd²⁺Stress leads to a significant reduction in the dry weight of tomato organs (p)<0.05), the dry weight of the tomato root, stem and leaf is respectively reduced by 28.13%, 54.41% and 33.55%. Exogenous Si⁴⁺Can improve Cd by the independent action and the combined action of methyl jasmonate²⁺The dry weight of the tomatoes under stress, but the treatment effect was not the same. By exogenous Si⁴⁺Separately treated Cd²⁺The dry weight increases of the tomato root, stem and leaf under stress are 65.22%, 51.16% and 54.81%, respectively, and Cd treated by methyl jasmonate alone²⁺The dry weight increases of the tomato root, stem and leaf under stress are 169.56%, 40.31% and 87.50%, respectively. Exogenous Si⁴⁺The combined action of the Cd and methyl jasmonate remarkably promotes Cd²⁺The dry weight of the root, stem and leaf is increased by 317.39%, 110.85% and 119.71% respectively due to the accumulation of dry matter in each organ of the tomato under stress. It can be seen that Cd²⁺Exogenous Si under stress⁴⁺Combined with methyl jasmonate, the dry weight of the tomato is significantly increased, compared with the dry weight of each organ of the tomato when the tomato is used aloneMore clearly.

TABLE 3 Dry weight of various parts of tomato seedlings under different conditions

Table 4 shows the photosynthetic pigment content in the tomato seedlings under different conditions, and it can be seen from Table 4 that Cd²⁺The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in the tomato under stress are relatively low, but in exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd under combined action of methyl jasmonate²⁺The chlorophyll content of stressed tomato seedlings is improved to 7.28% and 6.46% respectively, the change of carotenoid is more obvious and is improved by 77.02%, and the carotenoid is a signal molecule precursor substance of plants responding to external stimuli, promotes light morphogenesis, participates in light absorption, inhibits lipid peroxidation and can also relieve cell damage. It can be seen that in Cd²⁺Exogenous Si under stress⁴⁺The combined action of the compounds and methyl jasmonate can relieve Cd²⁺Inhibiting the synthesis of photosynthetic pigment of tomato and promoting the growth of plant.

TABLE 4 photosynthetic pigment content in tomato seedlings under different conditions

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Methyl jasmonate and exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺The combined application in stress is characterized in that methyl jasmonate aqueous solution is sprayed on the branches and leaves of tomato seedlings;

Si⁴⁺the exogenous donor is Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O aqueous solution applied toEggplant seedlings are placed in a culture solution.

2. Methyl jasmonate according to claim 1 with exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺The application in stress is characterized in that the concentration of the methyl jasmonate aqueous solution is 10 mu mol/L.

3. Methyl jasmonate according to claim 1 with exogenous Si⁴⁺Cd resistance in tomato seedlings²⁺Use in stress, characterized by Na₂SiO₃·9H₂The concentration of the O aqueous solution was 0.5 mol/L.