CN111615223A - Mobile radio communication device with two iSIM and network-dependent modulation interfaces - Google Patents

Mobile radio communication device with two iSIM and network-dependent modulation interfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111615223A
CN111615223A CN202010474387.XA CN202010474387A CN111615223A CN 111615223 A CN111615223 A CN 111615223A CN 202010474387 A CN202010474387 A CN 202010474387A CN 111615223 A CN111615223 A CN 111615223A
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mobile wireless
network
data
qam
identity module
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CN202010474387.XA
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CN111615223B (en
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孙惠筠
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Shanghai Yingha Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Yingha Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010474387.XA priority Critical patent/CN111615223B/en
Priority to CH00748/20A priority patent/CH716448B1/en
Priority to DE102020117569.8A priority patent/DE102020117569A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/40—Security arrangements using identity modules
    • H04W12/45—Security arrangements using identity modules using multiple identity modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H04L63/0442—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A mobile wireless communications device having two iSIMs and a network dependent modulation interface includes a mobile wireless communications interface for communicating with a first mobile wireless network and a second mobile wireless network, the mobile wireless communications interface having a first Integrated Subscriber Identity Module (iSIM) and a second integrated subscriber identity module. The first mobile wireless subscriber identifier is permanently stored in the first iSIM along with the first QAM modulation parameters and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier is permanently stored in the second iSIM along with the second QAM modulation parameters. The controllable QAM modulator of the communication interface is configured to: the first transmission data is modulated according to the first QAM modulation parameters to obtain first QAM transmission data for transmission to the first mobile radio network, and the second transmission data is modulated according to the second QAM modulation parameters to obtain second QAM transmission data for transmission to the second mobile radio network.

Description

Mobile radio communication device with two iSIM and network-dependent modulation interfaces
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mobile radio communication device with two integrated subscriber identity modules and a mobile radio communication interface for network-related data modulation, and to a method for mobile radio communication by means of two integrated subscriber identity modules and network-related data modulation by means of a mobile radio communication interface.
Background
Mobile wireless networks are installed to provide various services to network subscribers. Various network operators offer different services in different versions and at different prices. There are therefore many reasons for using multiple SIM cards in the same mobile radio communications device, in particular to distinguish between private and business telephones, to avoid changing SIM cards during foreign visits, and to use different tariffs for pertinence, such as call and data Flat rate. Mobile wireless communication devices with two SIM cards are becoming more popular when users of the same network operator can enjoy lower rates when communicating between them. Such devices allow a user to have a separate address book on each SIM card and roam, i.e. a mobile radio network subscriber can more easily and automatically answer or make calls, send and receive data or access other mobile radio network services in a mobile radio network outside his home network.
Devices with multiple SIM cards are also increasingly used in the IoT (Internet of Things) field to network machines. Such devices can not only network machines, but can also typically network physical and virtual objects to each other and allow them to cooperate with each other through communications. The functionality implemented using the "internet of things" technology allows human interaction with any electronic system networked through it, as well as with the system itself. The goal of the internet of things is to automatically collect relevant information from the real world, correlate that information, and make it available to the network. For this purpose, communication networks according to the 5G system architecture are increasingly being used, for example with reference to the summary of the 3GPP TS 23.501 standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to propose a concept for mobile radio communication which allows human, human-machine and/or machine communication over a plurality of mobile radio networks in a simple manner.
In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile wireless communication device capable of communicating via various mobile wireless networks and network technologies, in particular via various network slices of a 5G system architecture.
The mobile wireless communications devices and communications systems described herein may take various forms. The various elements described may be implemented by software or hardware components and may be manufactured by various techniques. The various components may include, for example, microprocessors, semiconductor chips, ASICs, signal processors, electro-optical circuits, integrated circuits, and/or passive devices.
The mobile wireless communication devices and mobile wireless networks described herein may include various technologies and network standards, for example, in compliance with a 5G system architecture. The 5G system architecture includes the concept of network slicing, i.e. dividing the communication network into individual segments or slices or subnets. Here, a network slice is a form of virtual network architecture, wherein the network architecture is divided into virtual elements that can be linked (also by software) to each other. Multiple virtual networks can be built on a common physical infrastructure through the concept of network slicing. These virtual networks may then be adapted to the specific requirements of the application, service, device, customer or operator. Here, each virtual network (network slice) comprises a set of independent logical network functions that support the requirements of the respective application scenario.
Each of these virtual networks or network slices provides the resources and network topology for a particular service and traffic using a corresponding network segment. This allows functions such as speed, capacity, connectivity, and coverage to be assigned to meet the specific requirements of each application scenario, but functional components can also be shared among various network slices. To this end, each network slice can obtain management capabilities, which can be controlled by the network operator or the user depending on the application. Network slices can be managed and organized independently.
According to the 5G system architecture, the mobile wireless network described below may be based on a 5G network. Service-oriented 5G networks support very different services, which have very different performance requirements. For example, 5G supports three different service classes: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), mass machine class communication (mtc, also known as IoT, i.e., internet of things), and ultra-reliable and low latency communication (UR-LLC).
The mobile wireless communications devices described below include a mobile wireless communications interface, or simply a communications interface, that performs a number of tasks. Such a communication interface may for example comprise a processor responsible for performing the tasks. As used herein, the term "processor" refers to any device (or block or step) that may be used to process a particular task. The processor may be a single processor or a multi-core processor, or may comprise a set of processors, or may comprise a processing mechanism. The processor may process software or firmware or applications, etc.
According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a mobile radio communication device for radio communication via a first mobile radio network having a first network identity and via a second mobile radio network having a second network identity, comprising the following features: a mobile radio communication interface for communicating with a first mobile radio network and a second mobile radio network, wherein the communication interface has a first Integrated Subscriber Identity Module (iSIM) implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently storing a first mobile radio subscriber identifier together with first QAM (Quadrature amplitude modulation) modulation parameters and a second integrated subscriber Identity Module implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently storing a second mobile radio subscriber identifier together with second QAM modulation parameters, wherein the first mobile radio subscriber identifier identifies the first integrated subscriber Identity Module in the first mobile radio network and the second mobile radio subscriber identifier identifies the second integrated subscriber Identity Module in the second mobile radio network, wherein, the mobile wireless communication interface further comprises a controllable QAM modulator for performing QAM modulation; a first data store configured to store first data for forwarding to a first mobile radio network; a second data store configured to store second data for forwarding to a second mobile radio network; wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is structured to transmit data to the first mobile wireless network and is further configured to read out the first data from the first data storage and the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier from the first integrated subscriber identity module to obtain first transmission data for transmission to the first mobile wireless network, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is configured to read out the first QAM modulation parameters from the first integrated subscriber identity module and to pass the first QAM modulation parameters to the controllable QAM modulator, wherein the controllable QAM modulator is configured to modulate the first transmission data based on the first QAM modulation parameters according to a QAM modulation to obtain the first QAM transmission data, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is configured to transmit the first QAM transmission data to the first mobile wireless network; wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is configured for transmitting data to a second mobile wireless network and further configured to read out second data from a second data storage and a second mobile wireless subscriber identifier from a second integrated subscriber identity module to obtain second transmission data for transmission to the second mobile wireless network, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is configured to read out second QAM modulation parameters from the second integrated subscriber identity module and to pass the second QAM modulation parameters to the controllable QAM modulator, wherein the controllable QAM modulator is configured to modulate the second transmission data based on the second QAM modulation parameters according to a QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmission data, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface is configured to transmit the second QAM transmission data to the second mobile wireless network.
Because two integrated subscriber identity modules are used, which are associated with or located in respective mobile wireless networks, such a mobile wireless communications device can implement mobile wireless communications over multiple mobile wireless networks. And carrying out network-related data modulation by virtue of the QAM modulator, and determining to associate the measurement data to the corresponding first mobile wireless network or second mobile wireless network through the corresponding QAM modulation parameter. This allows for easy association of data received in the network to a corresponding target network or to a corresponding network slice, thereby simplifying data evaluation in mobile wireless communications and networks.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the first modulation parameter has a first number of QAM modulation points and the second modulation parameter has a second number of QAM modulation points, wherein the first number of modulation points is less than the second number of modulation points.
This provides the technical advantage that the mobile radio communications interface modulates the first data differently from the second data, so that it is possible to easily distinguish in the network whether the modulated data is used for the first mobile radio network or the second mobile radio network. For example, if the wireless link to the second mobile radio network is worse than the wireless link to the first mobile radio network, a larger second number may be used for transmission. The number of QAM modulation points to which the mobile radio network is to be transmitted can be predefined, for example, derived from a training phase in which the quality of the radio link to the respective mobile radio network can be determined.
The first number of QAM modulation points may be, for example, 4 to achieve 4QAM modulation, while the second number of QAM modulation points may be, for example, 16, 32, 64, 256 or more to achieve 16QAM modulation, 32QAM modulation, 64QAM modulation, 256QAM modulation, or higher order modulation.
Alternatively, the first number of QAM modulation points may be, for example, 16 to achieve 16QAM modulation, while the second number of QAM modulation points may be, for example, 32, 64, 256 or more to achieve 32QAM modulation, 64QAM modulation, 256QAM modulation, or higher order modulation. It should be understood that many more combinations are possible and not listed in detail herein.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the first QAM parameter indicates a phase shift of a first QAM constellation and the second QAM parameter indicates a phase shift of a second QAM constellation. Wherein a phase shift of the first QAM constellation is different from a phase shift of the second QAM constellation.
Here, the phase shift is based on a predetermined QAM constellation, such as an ideal QAM constellation of a predetermined modulation degree (i.e., 4, 16, 32, 64, 256 or others), which is rotated by a predetermined phase angle around the origin of the constellation diagram as a whole.
This provides the technical advantage that the mobile radio communication interface modulates the first data differently than the second data according to the phase angle of the QAM constellation, so that it is possible to easily distinguish in the network whether the modulated data is used for the first mobile radio network or the second mobile radio network.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the communications interface is configured to transmit the first QAM transmit data and the second QAM transmit data according to an OFDM transmission technique, wherein the QAM modulator is configured to transform the first QAM transmit data and the second QAM transmit data by an inverse fourier transform.
This provides the technical advantage that the mobile radio communication interface can transmit the first QAM transmit data and the second QAM transmit data in different frequency bands or sub-bands in the first mobile radio network and the second mobile radio network. The first mobile radio network can wait for the first QAM in a known frequency band to transmit data and therefore need not set its receiver to receive on the full frequency band but can set its receiver to receive on a sub-band in a more resource efficient manner. The same applies to the second mobile radio network.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the mobile wireless communications interface is configured to transmit first QAM transmit data to a first network address of a first mobile wireless network stored in a first data store and to transmit second QAM transmit data to a second network address of a second mobile wireless network stored in a second data store.
This provides a technical advantage in that the mobile wireless communications device can easily provide QAM transmit data for the first subscriber identity module to the first mobile wireless network. The mobile wireless communications device is also able to easily provide QAM transmit data for the second subscriber identity module to the second mobile wireless network. It will be appreciated that the same applies for the case of more subscriber identity modules, i.e. more isims.
In one exemplary embodiment, the mobile wireless communications device includes: a first sensor configured to detect a first value of a first physical quantity and store the first value as first data in a first data storage; and a second sensor configured to detect a second value of a second physical quantity and store the second value as second data in a second data memory, wherein the first physical quantity is different from the second physical quantity.
This provides the technical advantage that the mobile wireless communication device can store and transmit sensor data to a corresponding mobile wireless network. This allows the mobile wireless communication device to be implemented, for example, as an IoT device that records sensor data and is available to the network.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the first data store is configured to delete the first data after the communication interface reads the first data from the first data store, and the second data store is configured to delete the second data after the communication interface reads the second data from the second data store.
This provides the technical advantage that if the memory is deleted after each transmission, the recording time of the sensor data is extended, and by the above-mentioned technical means, any unnecessary data that has already been transmitted can be prevented from being stored in the corresponding data memory.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communications device, the communication interface is configured to activate the respective integrated subscriber identity module to transmit the respective QAM transmit data and to deactivate the respective integrated subscriber identity module after transmitting the respective data.
This provides the technical advantage that the respective integrated subscriber identity module or iSIM module is only briefly activated to transmit its corresponding QAM transmit data and then deactivated. This saves power and extends the standby time of the corresponding subscriber identity module. This is especially important where the mobile wireless communication device is an IoT device, but extending battery life is also an advantage for conventional smart phones or mobile phones.
In an exemplary embodiment of the mobile wireless communication device, the first mobile wireless network is a first subnet or first network slice of a 5G mobile wireless network and the second mobile wireless network is a second subnet or second network slice of the 5G mobile wireless network, the mobile wireless communication device is an IoT communication device, wherein the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier is stored in the first integrated subscriber identity module in a cryptographically encoded manner using a first public encryption key and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier is stored in the second integrated subscriber identity module in a cryptographically encoded manner using a second public encryption key, wherein the first public encryption key is associated with the first mobile wireless network and the second public encryption key is associated with the second mobile wireless network.
This provides the technical advantage of being able to use a corresponding integrated subscriber identity module or iSIM module for transmitting data in a 5G communication network, in particular a network slice. This allows the advantages of a 5G system architecture to be exploited, i.e. a virtual network architecture on a common physical infrastructure specifically tailored to the requirements of the application, service, device, customer or operator, supporting logical network functions, assigning functions such as speed, capacity, connectivity and network coverage to the application to meet the specific requirements of each application scenario, and sharing functional components across various network slices, etc.
The mobile wireless communication device supports three different classes of services provided in a 5G network, namely enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), mass machine class communication (mtc or IoT), and ultra-reliable and low latency communication (UR-LLC).
According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for wireless communication via a first mobile radio network having a first network identification and via a second mobile radio network having a second network identification, for network-related data modulation via a mobile radio communication interface of a mobile radio communication device, wherein the mobile radio communication interface has a first Integrated Subscriber Identity Module (iSIM) which is implemented as an embedded Integrated circuit and permanently stores a first mobile radio Subscriber identifier together with first QAM modulation parameters and a second Integrated Subscriber Identity Module which is implemented as an embedded Integrated circuit and permanently stores a second mobile radio Subscriber identifier together with second QAM modulation parameters, wherein the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier identifies a first integrated subscriber identity module in the first mobile wireless network and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier identifies a second integrated subscriber identity module in the second mobile wireless network, wherein the mobile wireless communication device has a first data memory configured to store first data for forwarding to the first mobile wireless network and a second data memory configured to store second data for forwarding to the second mobile wireless network, and wherein the mobile wireless communication interface further comprises a controllable QAM modulator for performing QAM modulation, wherein the method comprises the steps of: reading, by the mobile radio communication interface, the first data from the first data store and the first mobile radio subscriber identifier from the first integrated subscriber identity module to obtain first transmission data for transmission to the first mobile radio network; reading, by the mobile wireless communications interface, first QAM modulation parameters from the first integrated subscriber identity module and passing the first QAM modulation parameters to the controllable QAM modulator; modulating, by a controllable QAM modulator, first transmit data based on a first QAM modulation parameter according to a QAM modulation to obtain first QAM transmit data; transmitting, by the mobile wireless communications interface, the first QAM transmit data to a first mobile wireless network; and/or reading, by the mobile radio communication interface, the second data from the second data store and the second mobile radio subscriber identifier from the second integrated subscriber identity module to obtain second transmission data for transmission to the second mobile radio network; reading, by the mobile wireless communications interface, second QAM modulation parameters from the second integrated subscriber identity module and passing the second QAM modulation parameters to the controllable QAM modulator; modulating, by the controllable QAM modulator, the second transmit data based on the second QAM modulation parameters according to a QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmit data; the second QAM transmit data is transmitted by the mobile wireless communications interface to the second mobile wireless network.
Since two integrated subscriber identity modules are used, which are associated with or located in respective mobile radio networks, this method enables mobile radio communication over a plurality of mobile radio networks. And carrying out network-related data modulation by virtue of the QAM modulator, and determining to associate the measurement data to the corresponding first mobile wireless network or second mobile wireless network through the corresponding QAM modulation parameter. This allows for easy association of data received in the network to a corresponding target network or to a corresponding network slice, thereby simplifying data evaluation in mobile wireless communications and networks.
Drawings
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communication system with a mobile wireless communication device having two integrated subscriber identity modules and a mobile wireless communication interface for network related data modulation according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 2a to 2d show four exemplary constellations for network-related data modulation for a mobile radio communication device in the mobile radio communication system of fig. 1;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communications device according to the present disclosure in a 5G communications system according to an example embodiment in compliance with the 3GPP TS 23.501 standard;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communication device according to the present disclosure in a 5G communication system with two exemplary network slices according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a method for mobile wireless communication via two integrated subscriber identity modules and network related data modulation via a mobile wireless communication interface according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the inventive concept. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense. It should be understood that features of the various embodiments described herein may also be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Various aspects and embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that one or more aspects or embodiments may be practiced with a lesser degree of specific detail. In other instances, well-known structures and elements are shown in schematic form in order to simplify the description of one or more aspects or embodiments. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the inventive concept.
In addition, while a particular feature or aspect of one embodiment may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several embodiments, such feature or aspect may be combined with one or more other features or aspects of the other embodiments, for a given or particular application. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," has, "" with, "or other variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims below, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term" comprising. The terms "coupled" and "connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that such terms are used to indicate that two elements co-operate or interact with each other regardless of whether they are in direct physical or electrical contact. Moreover, the term "exemplary" should be construed as merely an example, and not as an indication of optimal or optimal. The following should not be taken in a limiting sense.
The following describes a network access entity, a mobile wireless communication device, and the functionality of such a network access entity and mobile wireless communication device. The network access entity ensures access and mobility management in the mobile radio network. Through the network access entity, the mobile wireless communication device can register with its mobile wireless subscriber identifier (e.g., UE ID or IMSI) in the mobile wireless network and receive permission to establish a communication connection. For example, the network Access entity in the 5G network may be an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) to provide Access and Mobility Management functions. The AMF manages access and mobility control and can also include network slice selection functionality. In a 4G network, the network access entity may also be an MME (mobility management entity). This would provide paging functionality and conventional communication connections for establishing calls as well as control purpose signaling. The network access entity connects the core network to the access network and manages the residence of all mobile wireless communications devices in the wireless cell in which they are connected.
The network access entity also establishes a security relationship with the mobile wireless communications device so that security elements, such as keys, can then be installed in the mobile wireless communications device and a Network Application Function (NAF) of the network access function, such as by network protocols Diameter and hypertext transfer protocol (http).
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communication system 100 in which a mobile wireless communication device 130 has two integrated subscriber identity modules 150, 160 and a mobile wireless communication interface 140 for network-related data modulation according to an exemplary embodiment.
The mobile radio communications system 100 includes first and second mobile radio networks 110, 120 and a mobile radio communications device 130 having two Integrated Subscriber Identity modules (isims) 150, 160 and a communications interface 140.
The first mobile wireless network 110 is identified by a first network identification (ID1)111 and is addressable via its network address. For example, a network access entity exists in the first mobile radio network 110, which network access entity coordinates access to the first mobile radio network 110. The first mobile radio network 110 may then be addressed or accessed via the network address of the network access entity. Which recognizes the network identification 111 of the first mobile radio network 110 and can manage access to the first mobile radio network 110.
The second mobile radio network 120 is identified by a second network identification (ID2)121 and is addressable by a second network address 122. For example, a network access entity exists in second mobile radio network 120 that coordinates access to second mobile radio network 120. The second mobile radio network 120 may then be addressed or accessed via the network address of the network access entity. Which recognizes the network identification 121 of the second mobile radio network 120 and can manage access to the second mobile radio network 120.
The Network Access entities of the first mobile wireless Network 110 and the second mobile wireless Network 120 may be RAN (Radio Access Network) entities, such as base stations and Radio Access entities in a 5G Network or AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function).
The communication system 100 is shown only as an example in this figure. Additional mobile radio networks, such as a third or other mobile radio network, may also be included, which may be constructed similarly to first mobile radio network 110 and second mobile radio network 120. In addition or as an alternative to the first mobile radio network 110 and the second mobile radio network 120, networks with other radio access technologies, such as WLAN or WiFi networks, may also be implemented. Additional mobile wireless communication devices 130 may also be located and communicate within the communication system 100.
In addition to the two integrated subscriber identity modules 150, 160 shown in fig. 1, the mobile wireless communications device 130 may include additional subscriber identity modules that provide access to additional mobile wireless networks. Of course, there may also be more than two subscriber identity modules in the mobile wireless communications device 130 that provide access to the same mobile wireless network.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 for communicating with the first mobile wireless network 110 and the second mobile wireless network 120 includes a first integrated subscriber identity module (iSIM1)150 and a second integrated subscriber identity module (iSIM2) 160.
The first integrated subscriber identity module 150 is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 together with the first QAM modulation parameters 115 in the first integrated subscriber identity module 150. The second integrated subscriber identity module 160 is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 in the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 along with the second QAM modulation parameters 125.
Persistent storage represents: the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 and the first QAM modulation parameters 115 are stored in the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 even if the power is turned off. For the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, the persistent storage represents: the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 and the second QAM modulation parameters 125 are stored in the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 even if the power is turned off.
Here, the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 identifies a first integrated subscriber identity module 150 in the first mobile wireless network 110 and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 identifies a second integrated subscriber identity module 160 in the second mobile wireless network 120.
The communication interface comprises a controllable QAM modulator for performing QAM modulation.
In QAM modulation, a carrier wave of angular frequency ω shifted by 90 ° is used twice. Two independent baseband signals are then modulated to the carrier frequency by multiplicative mixing. The two modulated signals are then added to obtain a transmit signal.
From the two baseband signals i (t) and q (t), a transmission signal s (t) can be formed in the modulator by:
s(t)＝I(t)cos(ωt)–Q(t)sin(ωt)。
the angular frequency ω represents the carrier frequency f.
The two baseband signals I and Q are always orthogonal to each other at the bandpass positions, so that the symbols can be represented in the form of a constellation diagram in the I/Q complex plane. The number of available symbols representing a point or a face in the complex plane is represented in numerical form. For example, 64QAM has 64 symbols.
The mobile wireless communication device 130 has a first data store 180 configured to store first data 114 for forwarding to the first mobile wireless network 110.
The mobile wireless communication device 130 has a second data store 190 configured to store the second data 124 for forwarding to the second mobile wireless network 120.
The first Mobile radio Subscriber identifier 113 is, for example, an identifier of a Subscriber in the first Mobile radio network 110, such as an IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), i.e., a number for uniquely identifying a network Subscriber in the first Mobile radio network 110. The first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 may include parameters for identifying and authenticating a subscriber in the first mobile wireless network 110.
Similarly, the second Mobile radio Subscriber identifier 123 is, for example, an identifier of a Subscriber in the second Mobile radio network 120, such as an IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), i.e., a number for uniquely identifying a network Subscriber in the second Mobile radio network 120. The second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 may include parameters for identifying and authenticating a subscriber in the second mobile wireless network 120.
Here, the first data 114 may be associated with a first subscriber identity module 150. For example, the first data 114 may be data that may no longer be stored in the first subscriber identity module 150 and thus transferred into the first data storage 180. Such data may for example relate to measurement values measured by the first subscriber identity module 150, such as recorded image or voice data, or temperature values, pressure values, level values, current strengths, voltage values, etc.
Likewise, the second data 124 may be associated with a second subscriber identity module 160. For example, the second data 114 may be data that may no longer be stored in the second subscriber identity module 160 and thus transferred to the second data storage 190. Such data may for example relate to measurement values, as described above for the first subscriber identity module 150, e.g. recorded image or voice data, or temperature values, pressure values, level values, current strength, voltage values, etc.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is configured for sending data to the first mobile wireless network 110 and is further configured to read the first data 114 from the first data storage 180 and the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to obtain first sending data 171a for sending to the first mobile wireless network 110. The first transmission data 171a is obtained by a combination 173 of the first data 114 and the first mobile radio subscriber identifier 113.
An implementation of this combination 173 may be, for example, to have the first data 114 provided with an index corresponding to the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113. The first data 114 may also be sent as a payload in a data field that enters the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 into its header or data header. The combining 173 may also be adding the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 to the first data 114 and vice versa.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is further configured to read out the first QAM modulation parameters 115 from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 and to pass the first QAM modulation parameters 115 to the controllable QAM modulator 170.
Controllable QAM modulator 170 is configured to modulate first transmission data 171a based on first QAM modulation parameters 115 according to a QAM modulation to obtain first QAM transmission data 172 a. The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is configured to transmit the first QAM transmit data 172a to the first mobile wireless network 110.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is configured for sending data to the second mobile wireless network 120 and is further configured to read the second data 124 from the second data storage 190 and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to obtain second sending data 171b for sending to the second mobile wireless network 120. The second transmission data 171b is obtained by a combination 174 of the second data 124 and the second mobile radio subscriber identifier 123.
An implementation of this combination 174 may be, for example, to have the second data 124 be provided with an index corresponding to the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123. The second data 124 may also be sent as a payload in a data field that enters the second mobile radio subscriber identifier 123 into its header or data header. The combination 174 may also be the addition of the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 to the second data 124 and vice versa.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is configured to read out the second QAM modulation parameters 125 from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 and pass the second QAM modulation parameters 125 to the controllable QAM modulator 170.
Controllable QAM modulator 170 is configured to modulate second transmission data 171b based on second QAM modulation parameters 125 according to a QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmission data 172 b.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 is configured to transmit the second QAM transmit data 172b to the second mobile wireless network 120.
The first mobile wireless network 110 may associate the uploaded first data 114 with the first iSIM 150 via a first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 (e.g., a UEID or IMSI). The second mobile wireless network 120 may associate the uploaded second data 124 with the second iSIM 160 via a second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 (e.g., UE ID or IMSI). This is very beneficial to upload large amounts of data (e.g., data from several IoT devices) to the network to identify which measurement data came from which device. Especially, asynchronous uploading of the first data 114 and the second data 124 to the network in real time may occur. The emphasis is on sending the first data 114 along with the first mobile radio subscriber identifier 113 and the second data 124 along with the second mobile radio subscriber identifier 123 so as not to obscure the first data 114 or the second data 124 with other data being transmitted.
First modulation parameter 115 may have a first number of QAM modulation points and second modulation parameter 125 may have a second number of QAM modulation points. The first number of modulation points may be less than or more than the second number of modulation points.
The first QAM parameters 115 may, for example, indicate a phase shift of a first QAM constellation and the second QAM parameters 125 may, for example, indicate a phase shift of a second QAM constellation.
Communication interface 140 may be configured to transmit first QAM transmit data 172a and second QAM transmit data 172b in accordance with an OFDM transmission technique. QAM modulator 170 may be configured to transform first QAM transmission data 172a and second QAM transmission data 172b by inverse fourier transform.
The OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) transmission technique is a modulation method for transmitting digital data using a plurality of Orthogonal carriers. I.e. the maximum of a carrier crosses zero in its neighbours. This reduces crosstalk between signals modulated onto adjacent carriers. The useful information for high data rate transmission is first split into a plurality of sub-streams of low data rate. These sub-streams are individually modulated using conventional modulation methods (e.g., low bandwidth QAM) and then added. The modulated sub-data streams may be added by inverse fourier transformation. OFDM has the advantage that by using a fine-grained technique, the data transmission can be easily adapted to the specifics of the transmission channel. If narrowband interference occurs within the OFDM signal spectrum, carriers affected by the interference may be excluded from the data transmission.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 may be configured to transmit the first QAM transmit data 172a to a first network address of the first mobile wireless network 110 stored in the first data store 180 and to transmit the second QAM transmit data 172b to a second network address of the second mobile wireless network 120 stored in the second data store 190.
The mobile wireless communication device 130 can further include a first sensor configured to detect a first value of the first physical quantity and store the first value as the first data 114 in the first data store 180.
The mobile wireless communications device 130 can include a second sensor configured to detect a second value of a second physical quantity and store the second value as second data 124 in the second data memory 190.
Here, the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity may be different. Alternatively or additionally, the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity may be the same, for example in case of redundant measurements by the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 and the second integrated subscriber identity module 160.
The mobile wireless communications device 130 can further include a first actuator or interface to a first actuator configured to derive or read a control command for controlling the first actuator from the first data 114 in the first data store 180 and forward the control command to the first actuator or interface to the first actuator to actuate the first actuator, respectively.
The mobile wireless communication device 130 can further include a second actuator or an interface to a second actuator configured to derive or read a control command for controlling the second actuator from the second data 124 in the second data store 190 and forward the control command to the second actuator or the interface to the second actuator to actuate the second actuator, respectively.
The first and second actuators may be machine components controllable by the first and second data 114, 124. The actuator may be, for example, an electrical household appliance in an automated or smart home or residence that is controllable via the first data 114 or the second data 124. Alternatively or additionally, the first and second actuators may be, for example, speakers or vibrating devices of the mobile wireless communication device 130, which may be controlled and activated via the corresponding first and second data 114, 124.
The first data store 180 may be configured to delete the first data 114 from the first data store 180 after the first data 114 is read out by the communication interface 140.
The second data store 190 may be configured to delete the second data 124 from the second data store 190 after the communication interface 140 reads the second data 124.
The communication interface 140 may be configured to interrupt the power feed to the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to disable the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 and to interrupt the power feed to the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to disable the second integrated subscriber identity module 160. The communication interface 140 may have an integrated power supply configured to provide a corresponding power supply feed.
Communication interface 140 is configured to activate the respective integrated subscriber identity module 150, 160 to transmit the respective QAM transmit data 172a, 172b and to deactivate the respective integrated subscriber identity module 150, 160 after transmitting the respective QAM transmit data 172a, 172 b.
The communication interface 140 may be configured to power on the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to activate the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 and to power on the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to activate the second integrated subscriber identity module 160.
The mobile wireless communications device 130 can have a controllable switch that can be controlled by the communications interface 140. The controllable switch may be configured to switch the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 off power feed while switching the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 on power feed, or to switch the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 off power feed while switching the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 on power feed.
The first mobile radio network 110 may for example be a first subnet or slice of a 5G mobile radio network. Second mobile wireless network 120 may be a second subnet or slice of a 5G mobile wireless network, as described in detail below, for example, with reference to fig. 3 and 4.
The mobile wireless communication device 130 may be, for example, an IoT (Internet of Things) communication device.
The first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 may be stored in the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 in an cryptographically encoded manner by using a first public encryption key. The second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 may be stored in the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 in an cryptographically encoded manner by using a second public encryption key. Here, the first public encryption key may be associated with the first mobile wireless network 110, and the second public encryption key may be associated with the second mobile wireless network 120.
Fig. 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d show four exemplary constellations 201, 202, 203, 204 for network-related data modulation of the mobile wireless communication device 130 in the mobile wireless communication system 100 of fig. 1.
The first constellation 201 corresponds to a phase shift of 0 ° by 16QAM, i.e. it corresponds to an ideal 16QAM modulation. It has 16 constellation points 211.
The second constellation 202 corresponds to 4QAM with a phase shift of 0 °, i.e. it corresponds to an ideal 4QAM modulation. It has 4 constellation points 212.
The third constellation diagram 203 corresponds to a 16QAM with a phase shift 214 larger than 0 °, i.e. it corresponds to an ideal 16QAM modulation constellation rotated counterclockwise by an angle larger than 0 ° with respect to the zero point of the I/Q diagram.
The fourth constellation diagram 204 corresponds to a particular 16QAM in which all four outermost boundary points 215 are lost due to the shifting of the mapped 216 to adjacent constellation points 211.
These four constellations 201, 202, 203, 204 illustrate alternative ways of modulating the first QAM transmit data 172a and the second QAM transmit data 172b, respectively, in fig. 1.
The first modulation parameter 115 may have a first number of QAM modulation points 212 according to constellation 202, for example, while the second modulation parameter 125 may have a second number of QAM modulation points 211 according to constellation 201.
The first modulation parameter 115 may have a first number of QAM modulation points 212 according to constellation 202, for example, while the second modulation parameter 125 may have a second number of QAM modulation points 211 according to constellation 204.
The first QAM parameters 115 may indicate a phase shift 214 of the first QAM constellation, for example, according to constellation 203. The second QAM parameters 125 may indicate a phase shift of the second QAM constellation, for example, according to constellation diagram 201.
The first QAM parameters 115 may indicate a QAM constellation with hidden constellation points, for example, according to the constellation diagram 204. The second QAM parameters 125 may indicate a QAM constellation with un-hidden constellation points, for example, according to constellation 201 or 203.
For example, the first QAM parameter 115 may indicate a QAM constellation in which the outermost boundary point 215 in the first quadrant of the constellation 204 is missing due to its mapping 216 to the adjacent boundary point 211. The second QAM parameter 125 may indicate a QAM constellation in which the outermost boundary point 217 in the fourth quadrant of the constellation 204 is missing because it maps to an adjacent boundary point 218. It should be appreciated that the second or third quadrant of the QAM constellation 204 may be used instead of the fourth quadrant. Furthermore, the QAM constellation 204 is not limited to the 16QAM constellation shown in fig. 2d, but other QAMs may be used, such as 4QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, etc.
The QAM constellation 204 of figure 2d may also have a phase shift, as shown in figure 2c, e.g. rotated by a non-zero angle around the origin. Other points of the constellation 204 besides the boundary point 215 may also be hidden from the constellation, so that a difference is generated between the first QAM parameter 115 and the second QAM parameter 125, for example, the inner 4 constellation points or other boundary points outside may be hidden.
The QAM constellation 204 in fig. 2d has the advantage that it is only slightly changed by hiding a single point from the constellation compared to a QAM transformed to a higher or lower level from QAM. This allows for optimal use of various wireless channels having channel characteristics that are approximately equivalent in terms of transmission quality, using constellations that fit them, with significant variations in constellation patterns, which allow for differentiation between whether the QAM transmit data 172a, 172b originated from the first iSIM 150 or the second iSIM 160. This enables highly efficient communication using various mobile wireless networks. The same advantage is obtained when using a constellation 203 with a phase shift 214, as shown in fig. 2 c.
The constellations in fig. 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d are only exemplary constellations. Other QAMs may also be used, such as 32QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communication device 130 according to the present disclosure in a 5G communication system 300 (hereinafter also referred to as 5G network 300, or as a next generation network) according to an example embodiment that conforms to the 3GPP TS 23.501 standard. Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the blocks comprised by such a 5G communication system 300.
The mobile wireless communications device 130 corresponds to a User Equipment (UE) or client terminal that can be operated by a subscriber to initiate communications in a 5G network, i.e., to initiate communications (mobile originated, MO) or accept communications (mobile terminated, MT). The mobile wireless communications device 130 may also initiate communications without user interaction, for example, it may be a machine terminal, such as for an automobile, machine, robot, or other device.
The (R) AN ((wireless) access network) entity 331 represents the (wireless) access network that the mobile wireless communication device 130 uses to gain access to the 5G communication network. The interface between the mobile wireless communication device 130 and the (R) AN can be AN air interface when the access network 331 is a wireless network, or a wired interface when the access network 331 is a wired network.
An AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entity 340 represents an Access and Mobility Management Function to manage Access and implement Mobility control. The AMF 340 may also include a network slice selection function. Mobility management is typically not required for wireless access.
The SMF (Session Management Function) entity 341 represents a Session Management Function. The SMF entity 341 establishes a session and manages the session according to network policy or network planning.
The UPF (User Plane Function) entity 332 represents a User Plane Function. Such user plane functionality may be used in various configurations and locations depending on the type of service.
The PCF (Policy Control Function) entity 342 represents a Policy (or planning) Control Function. PCF entity 342 is used to provide a policy framework that encompasses network slicing, roaming, and mobility management. This corresponds to the function of PCRF in 4G systems.
A UDM (Unified Data Management) entity 352 provides common Data Management. With this data management, subscriber data and profiles can be saved. This corresponds to the functionality of the HSS in 4G systems, but can be used for mobile and wired access in NGCore networks.
Communication interface 140 may, for example, transmit first data 114 to block UDM 352. This allows, for example, measurements or measurement parameters recorded by the mobile wireless communications device 130 to be stored in the network 300.
A DN (Data Network) 333 provides a Data Network through which Data is transmitted, for example, from one mobile wireless communications device 130 to another mobile wireless communications device 130 or UE.
Thus, the first data 114 and/or the second data 124 may be transmitted from one mobile wireless communication device 130 to another mobile wireless communication device or another UE via the DN 333.
An AUSF (Authentication Server Function) entity 351 provides an Authentication Function that a subscriber or mobile wireless communication device 130 can use to log onto the network. The first integrated subscriber identity module 150 may be authenticated, for example, via the block AUSF351 in the 5G network 300. The second integrated subscriber identity module 160 may also be authenticated via the AUSF entity 351 in the 5G network 300.
The AF (Application Function) entity 351 provides an Application Function with which a specific service, for example, a service set up or used by the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 or the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, can be executed.
An NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function) entity 350 provides a Function of selecting a specific Network Slice. As such, the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 may, for example, select a first slice in the 5G communication system 300, while the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 may select a second slice in the 5G communication system 300.
The 5G communication system 300 shown in fig. 3 corresponds to a 5G system architecture compliant with the 3GPP TS 23.501 standard, and represents the structure of an NG (Next Generation) network composed of a Network Function (NF) and a reference point to which the NF is connected. However, in the 3GPP TS 23.501 standard, the terminal Equipment is generally only specified by the UE (User Equipment), rather than the specific embodiment with two integrated subscriber identity modules iSIM1 and iSIM2 shown in fig. 3. The mobile wireless communication device 130 or UE is connected to a Radio Access Network (RAN) 331 or AN Access Network (AN) 331. The mobile wireless communication device 130 or UE is also connected to an Access and Mobility Function (AMF) 340. RAN 331 represents a base station using a new RAT (Radio Access Technology) and LTE-advanced Technology, and AN 331 represents a general base station having non-3 GPP Access, for example, WiFi. The next generation core network or 5G communication system 300 shown in fig. 3 is composed of various Network Functions (NFs). In fig. 3, there are seven next generation core NFs, namely (1) AMF 340, (2) Session Management Function (SMF)341, (3) Policy Control Function (PCF)342, (4) Application Function (AF)343, (5) authentication server function (AUSF)351, (6) User Plane Function (UPF)332 and (7) User Data Management (UDM) 352. The integrated subscriber identity module 150, 160 may select one or more network functions from which to initiate communication.
The Network Function (NF) represents the processing function that the 3GPP takes over in the next generation (NextGen or NG). It has both a functional behavior and acts as an interface. The NF can be implemented as a network element on dedicated hardware, run as a software instance on dedicated hardware, or be implemented as a virtualization function on a suitable platform (e.g., cloud infrastructure).
The AMF or AMF entity 340 provides UE-based authentication, authorization, mobility management, etc. For example, the AMF 340 is independent of access technology, so the mobile wireless communication device 130 connects to a single AMF 340. In other words, even a mobile wireless communications device 130 that requires multiple access technologies is connected to only a single AMF 340.
The AMF 340 forms, for example, a network entity having the first network identification 111 and the first network address 112 as described above with reference to fig. 2 and is responsible for terminating or answering messages or communication requests from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 of the mobile radio communication interface 140 to initiate communication of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 in the first mobile radio network 110.
The AMF 340 may further process messages or communication requests from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 of the mobile wireless communication interface 140 and forward these messages or communication requests to the second mobile wireless network 120, for example by the mechanism described below with reference to fig. 4, to initiate communication of the second integrated subscriber identity module in the second mobile wireless network 120.
The SMF or SMF entity 341 is responsible for session management and assigns one or more IP addresses to the mobile wireless communication device 130. SMF 341 also selects UPF332 and controls UPF332 in terms of data transmission (e.g., with respect to transmitting first data 114). When the mobile wireless communications device 130 has multiple sessions, a respective SMF 341 may be associated with each session to individually control it and possibly provide multiple functions in each session.
AF or AF entity 343 provides information about the packet traffic and provides this information to PCF 342, which is responsible for policy control to ensure quality of service (QoS). Based on this information, PCF 342 determines mobility and session management criteria for AMF 340 and SMF 341 to work properly.
The AUSF or AUSF entity 351 stores data used to authenticate the mobile wireless communication device 130, while the UDM 352 stores subscription data or subscriber data for the mobile wireless communication device 130. The data network DN 333 is not part of the NG core network and provides internet access and carrier services.
The presentation of various reference points of the architecture can be used to represent a refined message flow in Next Generation (NG) standardization. Reference point N1301 is defined as the transport signaling between the mobile wireless communication device 130 and the AMF 340. Reference points connecting the AN 331 and AMF 340 and the AN 331 and UPF332 are defined as N2302 and N3303, respectively. There is no reference point between AN 331 and SMF 341, but there is a reference point N11311 between AMF 340 and SMF 341. This indicates that SMF 341 is controlled by AMF 340. N4304 is used by SMF 341 and UPF332 so that control signals generated by SMF 341 may be used to set UPF332, and UPF332 may report its status to SMF 341. N9309 is the reference point between the different UPFs 332, and correspondingly, N14314 is the reference point between the different AMFs 340. N15315 and N7307 are defined so that PCF 342 may apply its criteria to AMF 340 or SMF 341. The AMF 340 requires N12312 to perform authentication with the mobile wireless communication device 130. N8308 and N10310 are defined because the AMF 340 and SMF 341 require subscription data for the mobile wireless communication device 130.
Next generation networks aim to enable separation of the user plane and the control plane or control plane. The user plane carries user data traffic and the control plane carries signalling in the network. In fig. 3, the UPF332 is located in the user plane, while all other network functions (i.e., AMF 340, SMF 341, PCF 342, AF 343, AUSF351, and UDM 352) are located in the control plane. The separation of the user plane from the control plane ensures independent extension of resources on each network plane. This separation also allows the UPF332 to be provided in a distributed manner separate from the functionality of the control plane.
The NG architecture consists of modular functions. For example, AMF 340 and SMF 341 are independent functions in the control plane. The separate AMF 340 and SMF 341 allow independent development and expansion. Other control plane functions, such as PCF 342 and AUSF351, can also be separated. The modular functional design shown in fig. 3 also allows the next generation network to flexibly support a variety of services.
Each network function interacts directly with another NF. In the control plane, a series of interactions between two NFs is defined as a service, so that it is possible to reuse the service. The service allows for support of modularity. The user plane supports interactions such as forwarding operations between different UPFs 332.
Next generation networks support roaming, i.e. mobile radio network subscribers are able to automatically answer or make calls, send and receive data or access other mobile radio network services in a mobile radio network outside their home network. There are two types of application scenarios, one is local routing (HR) and the other is Local Breakout (LBO).
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile wireless communication device 130 according to the present disclosure in a 5G communication system 400 with two exemplary network slices 410, 440 according to an exemplary embodiment.
In particular, the 5G communication network 400 is divided into a first network slice 440 corresponding to the first mobile radio network 110 according to fig. 1 and 2 and a second network slice 410 corresponding to the second mobile radio network 120 according to fig. 1 and 2. The two network slices 440, 410 have the same structure as generally described above with reference to fig. 3, but not all network elements are shown in detail for clarity. In particular, the first network slice 440 comprises an access and mobility management network element 451 having the same function and the same interface as the AMF entity 340 described above with reference to fig. 3.
The first network slice 440 may also be a home network slice of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 and a guest network slice of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, and the second network slice 410 may be a home network slice of the second integrated subscriber identity module 150 and a guest network slice of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150.
The first network slice 440 is for example a network slice in which the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 or a user of this module is registered, i.e. in which the user has contracted with a network operator.
The second network slice 410 is for example a second integrated subscriber identity module 160 or a network slice to which a user of this module is registered, i.e. in which the user has contracted with the network operator. A user here generally refers to the same user who has obtained two subscriber identity modules.
The first network slice 440 further comprises a session management network element 452 having the same functionality and the same interface as the SMF entity 341 described above with reference to fig. 3. The first network slice 440 also includes a database 460, the network element authentication server 461, the data manager 462 and the policy controller 463 in the database 460 having the same functions and the same interfaces as the network elements AUSF351, UDM 352 and PCF 342 described above with reference to fig. 3.
The same network elements with the same functions and interfaces are also contained in the second network slice 410, namely an access and mobility management network element 421, a session management network element 422, and a database 430 with a network element authentication server 431, a data manager 432 and a policy controller 433.
A network access entity 451 for allowing a communication connection to be established is arranged in the first network slice 440. The mobile wireless communication device 130 connects to the network access entity 451 via an N1 interface 401. The network access entity 451 is connected to the various network elements of the second network slice 410 and the first network slice 440 via various communication interfaces as already described above with reference to fig. 3. The network access entity 451 is connected to the communication device 130 via an N1 interface 401. The network access entity 451 is connected to the network access entity 421 of the second network slice 410 via an interface 406.
As described above with reference to fig. 1, the first QAM transmission data 172a is transmitted to the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 via the N1 interface 401. As shown in fig. 4, a transmission is made according to a first QAM modulation parameter 115, and a first constellation 203 corresponding to the first QAM modulation parameter 115 is different from a second constellation 201 transmitted according to a second QAM modulation parameter 125.
Further, the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 provides all necessary data for network access to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the N1 interface. The network access entity 451 may query the network capabilities of the first network slice 440 from the database 460 of the first network slice 440 via the N8, N12, N15, N22 interfaces, for example, according to the system architecture described in fig. 3, and it may also query the subscriber data 406 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 from the second network slice 410 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 through the network access entity 421 via the a1 interface 406.
A network access entity 421 for allowing a communication connection to be established is arranged in the second network slice 410. The mobile wireless communication device 130 is connected to the network access entity 421 via the N1 interface 402. The network access entity 421 is connected to the various network elements of the second network slice 410 via various communication interfaces as described above with reference to fig. 3. The network access entity 421 is connected to the communication device 130 via an N1 interface 402. The network access entity 421 is connected to the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 via an interface 406.
As described above with reference to fig. 1, the second QAM transmission data 172b is transmitted to the network access entity 421 of the second network slice 410 via the N1 interface 402. As shown in fig. 4, the transmission is according to the second QAM modulation parameters 125, and the second constellation 201 corresponding to the second QAM modulation parameters 125 is different from the first constellation 203 transmitted according to the first QAM modulation parameters 115. Alternatively or additionally, the second QAM transmit data 172b may also be transmitted to the second network slice 410 via the N1 interface 401 of the first network slice 440 and the interface 406 between the two network access entities 451, 421. The second QAM modulation parameters 125 may also be modulated according to the second constellation 201 when transmitted via the N1 interface 401 and the interface 406.
Further, the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 provides all necessary data for network access to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the N1 interface 401. The network access entity 451 may query the network capabilities of the first network slice 440 from the database 460 of the first network slice 440 via the N8, N12, N15, N22 interfaces, for example, according to the system architecture described in fig. 3, and it may also query the subscriber data of the mobile wireless communication device 130 through the network access entity 421 from the second network slice 410 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the interface 406.
The network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 may also query the subscriber data, the network address of the second network slice 410, and the network identification 121 of the second network slice 410 from the network access entity 421 of the second network slice 410 via the interface 406 and be available to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130. Of course, the network access entity 451 may also direct these queries directly to the database 430 of the second network slice 410 and receive the relevant information directly, i.e. without bypassing the network access entity 421.
In particular, the method for establishing a communication connection with the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 via the network access entity 451 may proceed as follows: in a first step, a registration request is transmitted from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440. The registration request includes a first mobile wireless subscriber identifier of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150. The registration request is transmitted to the network access entity 451 via the N1 interface 401.
Then, in a further step, the network access entity 451 queries the subscriber specific registration data of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 from the database 460 of the first network slice 440 or from an external database based on the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150.
The network identification of the first network slice 440 is then transmitted from the AMF entity 451 of the first network slice 440 to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the N1 interface 401.
The network access entity 451 may then transmit the network access data (which is used to access the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to the first network slice 440) to the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 via the N1 communication interface 401 and the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130, together or chronologically with the network identification of the first network slice 440. The network access data for the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 to access the first network slice 440 is for example subscriber specific registration data based on the first integrated subscriber identity module 150, such as a first mobile wireless subscriber identifier of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150, or other registration data of the first integrated subscriber identity module 150, such as a name, password, network key, etc. Here, the network access data indicates capabilities of the first network slice 440, particularly those available to the first integrated subscriber identity module 150.
Finally, the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 establishes a communication connection with a corresponding network element of the first network slice 440 based on the network identification of the first network slice 440, the mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 of the first subscriber identity module 150 and the network access data to the first network slice 440.
The network access data may, for example, indicate the following capabilities of the first network slice 440: the first network slice 440 may allocate or the number and type of additional network slices to which the first network slice may establish a communication connection, support specific network slice functionality, capability to transmit data and/or voice, support 2G/3G/4G and/or 5G roaming, specific services supported by the first network slice 440.
The registration request may also include an identification of the particular service from which the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 made the request to the first network slice 440. When the first network slice 440 supports a specific service, the specific service may be provided by the first network slice 440 based on the identification of the specific service. Otherwise, when it does not support the specific service, the network access entity 451 may transmit a network slice ID of another mobile wireless network supporting the specific service to the first integrated subscriber identity module 150. In this case, the network slice ID of another network slice supporting the specific service, to which the first network slice 440 may allocate or with which the first network slice 440 may establish a communication connection, may also be transmitted to the first integrated subscriber identity module 150.
The registration request may further comprise a key for authenticating the first integrated subscriber identity module 150. The network access entity 451 may authenticate the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 via the authentication entity 461 of the first network slice 440 based on the key. This process may be done before querying the subscriber specific registration data.
In particular, the method for establishing a communication connection with the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 via the network access entity 451 may proceed as follows: in a first step, a registration request is transmitted from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 to establish a communication connection in the manner described above for the first integrated subscriber identity module 150. The registration request includes the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160. The registration request is transmitted to the network access entity 451 via the N1 interface 401. Alternatively or additionally, a registration request may be directed from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to the network access entity 421 of the second network slice 410.
Then, in a further step, the network access entity 451 of the first network slice 440 or the network access entity 421 of the second network slice queries the subscriber-specific registration data of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 from the database 430 of the second network slice 410 or from an external database based on the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160.
The network identification of the second network slice 410 is then transmitted from the AMF entity 421 of the second network slice 410 to the AMF entity 451 of the first network slice 440 via the interface 406 and from there further to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the N1 interface 401. Alternatively or additionally, the network identification of the second network slice 410 is transmitted from the AMF entity 421 of the second network slice 410 directly to the communication interface 140 of the mobile wireless communication device 130 via the N1 interface 402.
The network access data for the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 to access the second network slice 410 is for example subscriber specific registration data based on the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, such as a second mobile wireless subscriber identifier of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, or other registration data of the second integrated subscriber identity module 160, such as a name, password, network key, etc. The network access data indicates capabilities of the second network slice 410, in particular those available to the second integrated subscriber identity module 160.
Finally, the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 establishes a communication connection with a corresponding network element of the second network slice 410 based on the network identification of the second network slice 410, the mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 of the second subscriber identity module 160 and the network access data to the second network slice 410.
The network access data may, for example, indicate the following capabilities of the second network slice 410: the second network slice 410 may allocate the number and type of additional network slices with which the second network slice may establish a communication connection, support specific network slice functionality, the ability to transmit data and/or voice, support 2G/3G/4G and/or 5G roaming, specific services supported by the second network slice 410.
The registration request may also include an identification of the particular service from which the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 issues the request to the second network slice 410. When the second network slice 410 supports a particular service, the particular service may be provided by the second network slice 410 based on the identification of the particular service. Otherwise, when it does not support the specific service, the network access entity 451 may transmit a network slice ID of another mobile wireless network supporting the specific service to the second integrated subscriber identity module 160. In this case, the network slice ID of the additional network slice supporting the specific service, to which the second network slice 410 may allocate or with which the second network slice may establish a communication connection, may also be transmitted to the second integrated subscriber identity module 160.
The registration request may further include a key for authenticating the second integrated subscriber identity module 160. The network access entity 451 may authenticate the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 via the authentication entity 431 of the second network slice 410 based on the key. This process may be done before querying the subscriber specific registration data.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a method 500 for wireless communication via a first mobile radio network 110 and via a second mobile radio network 120, for example as described above with reference to fig. 1 to 4, the first mobile radio network 110 having a first network identification 111 and the second mobile radio network 120 having a second network identification 121, and for network-dependent modulation via the mobile radio communication interface 140 of the mobile radio communication device 130.
The mobile wireless communication interface 140 has a first integrated subscriber identity module (iSIM1)150 and a second integrated subscriber identity module (iSIM2) 160. The first integrated subscriber identity module 140 is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 along with the first network identification 111, for example as described above with reference to fig. 1-4.
The second integrated subscriber identity module 160 is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 together with the second network identification 121, for example as described above with reference to fig. 1-4.
For example as described above with reference to fig. 1-4, the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 identifies the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 in the first mobile wireless network 110 and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 identifies the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 in the second mobile wireless network 120.
For example as described above with reference to fig. 1-4, the mobile wireless communication device 130 has a first data store 180 configured to store first data for forwarding to a first mobile wireless network and a second data store 190 configured to store second data for forwarding to a second mobile wireless network.
As described above with reference to fig. 1 to 4, the mobile wireless communication interface 140 has a controllable QAM modulator.
The method 500 includes the steps of:
reading 501 the first data 114 from the first data storage 180 and the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier 113 from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 by the mobile wireless communication interface 140 to obtain first transmission data 171a for transmission to the first mobile wireless network 110;
reading 502 a first QAM modulation parameters 115 from the first integrated subscriber identity module 150 by the mobile wireless communication interface 140 and passing the first QAM modulation parameters 115 to the controllable QAM modulator 170;
modulating 503 first transmission data 171a by the controllable QAM modulator 170 based on the first QAM modulation parameters 115 according to a QAM modulation to obtain first QAM transmission data 172 a;
transmitting 504, by the mobile wireless communication interface 140, the first QAM transmission data 172a to the first mobile wireless network 110; and/or
Reading 505 the second data 124 from the second data store 190 and reading the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier 123 from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 by the mobile wireless communications interface 140 to obtain second transmission data 171b for transmission to the second mobile wireless network 120;
reading 506 the second QAM modulation parameters 125 from the second integrated subscriber identity module 160 by the mobile wireless communication interface 140 and passing the second QAM modulation parameters 125 to the controllable QAM modulator 170;
modulating 507, by the controllable QAM modulator 170, the second transmission data 171b based on the second QAM modulation parameters 125 according to a QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmission data 172 b;
the second QAM transmit data 172b is transmitted 508 by the mobile wireless communications interface 140 to the second mobile wireless network 120.
These steps correspond, for example, to the functions described above with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
An aspect of the present invention also includes a computer program product directly loadable into the internal memory of a digital computer and including software code portions with which the method 500 described with reference to fig. 5 or the processes described with reference to fig. 1 to 4 are executable when the computer program product is run on a computer. The computer program product may be stored on a non-transitory medium suitable for a computer and includes a computer-readable program medium that causes the computer to perform the method 500 or to implement or control the network components of the communication network described with reference to fig. 1-4.
The computer may be a PC, for example a PC in a computer network. The computer may be implemented as a chip, ASIC, microprocessor or signal processor and may be arranged in a computer network, for example a communication network as described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
It is understood that features of the various exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise. As in the specification and drawings, various elements presented in a relational manner need not be directly related to each other; intermediate elements may be provided between the related elements. It goes without saying that embodiments of the invention may also be implemented in a single circuit, a partially or fully integrated circuit or a programming device. The term "exemplary" is merely an example, and not optimal or optimal. Certain embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that a variety of alternate and/or similar embodiments may be implemented in place of the embodiments illustrated and described herein without departing from the inventive concepts.

Claims (10)

1. A mobile wireless communication device (130) for wireless communication via a first mobile wireless network (110) and via a second mobile wireless network (120), wherein the first mobile wireless network (110) has a first network identification (111) and the second mobile wireless network (120) has a second network identification (121), the mobile wireless communication device comprising:
a mobile wireless communication interface (140) for communicating with the first mobile wireless network (110) and the second mobile wireless network (120), wherein the communication interface (140) has a first integrated subscriber identity module (150) and a second integrated subscriber identity module (160); the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores a first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) and a first QAM modulation parameter (115); the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores a second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) and second QAM modulation parameters (125); the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) identifying the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) in the first mobile wireless network (110); -the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) identifies the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) in the second mobile wireless network (120), wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) further comprises a controllable QAM modulator (170) for performing QAM modulation;
a first data memory (180) configured to store first data (114) for forwarding to the first mobile radio network (110);
a second data memory (190) configured to store second data (124) for forwarding to the second mobile radio network (120);
wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured for transmitting data to the first mobile wireless network (110) and further configured for reading out the first data (114) from the first data storage (180) and the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) from the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) to obtain first transmission data (171a) for transmission to the first mobile wireless network (110), wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured for reading out the first QAM modulation parameter (115) from the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) and for passing the first QAM modulation parameter (115) to the controllable QAM modulator (170), wherein the controllable QAM modulator (170) is configured for modulating the first transmission data (171a) based on the first QAM modulation parameter (115) according to QAM modulation to obtain first QAM transmission data (172a), wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured to transmit the first QAM transmission data (172a) to the first mobile wireless network (110);
wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured for transmitting data to the second mobile wireless network (120) and further configured for reading out the second data (124) from the second data storage (190) and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) from the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) to obtain second transmission data (171b) for transmission to the second mobile wireless network (120), wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured for reading out the second QAM modulation parameter (125) from the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) and for passing the second QAM modulation parameter (125) to the controllable QAM modulator (170), wherein the controllable QAM modulator (170) is configured for modulating the second transmission data (171b) based on the second QAM modulation parameter (125) according to QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmission data (172b), wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured to transmit the second QAM transmission data (172b) to the second mobile wireless network (120).
2. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of claim 1, wherein the first modulation parameter (115) has a first number of QAM modulation points and the second modulation parameter (125) has a second number of QAM modulation points, wherein the first number of QAM modulation points is less than the second number of QAM modulation points.
3. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first QAM parameter (115) indicates a phase shift of a first QAM constellation and the second QAM parameter (125) indicates a phase shift of a second QAM constellation, wherein the phase shift of the first QAM constellation is different from the phase shift of the second QAM constellation.
4. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured to transmit the first QAM transmit data (172a) and the second QAM transmit data (172b) according to an OFDM transmission technique, wherein the controllable QAM modulator (170) is configured to transform the first QAM transmit data (172a) and the second QAM transmit data (172b) by an inverse fourier transform.
5. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) is configured to transmit the first QAM transmit data (172a) to a first network address of a first mobile wireless network (110) stored in the first data store (180) and to transmit the second QAM transmit data (172b) to a second network address of a second mobile wireless network (120) stored in the second data store (190).
6. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, further comprising:
a first sensor configured to detect a first value of a first physical quantity and to store the first value as the first data (114) in the first data storage (180); and
a second sensor configured to detect a second value of a second physical quantity and store the second value as the second data (124) in the second data memory (190),
wherein the first physical quantity is different from the second physical quantity.
7. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first data store (180) is configured to delete the first data (114) after the communication interface (140) reads the first data (114) from the first data store (180); the second data storage (190) is configured to delete the second data (124) after the communication interface (140) reads the second data (124) from the second data storage (190).
8. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the communication interface (140) is configured to activate the respective integrated subscriber identity module (150, 160) to transmit the respective QAM transmit data (172a, 172b), and to deactivate the respective integrated subscriber identity module (150, 160) after transmitting the respective QAM transmit data.
9. The mobile wireless communication device (130) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first mobile wireless network (110) is a first subnet (440) of a 5G mobile wireless network (400), the second mobile wireless network (120) is a second subnet (410) of the 5G mobile wireless network (400), the mobile wireless communication device (130) is an IoT communication device, the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) is stored in the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) in a cryptographically encoded manner using a first public encryption key, the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) is stored in the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) in a cryptographically encoded manner using a second public encryption key, the first public encryption key is associated with the first mobile wireless network (110), the second public encryption key is associated with the second mobile radio network (120).
10. A method (500) for wireless communication via a first mobile radio network (110) and via a second mobile radio network (120), wherein the first mobile radio network (110) has a first network identification (111) and the second mobile radio network (120) has a second network identification (121), and the method is used for network-related data modulation via a mobile radio communication interface (140) of a mobile radio communication device (130), wherein the mobile radio communication interface (140) has a first integrated subscriber identity module (150) and a second integrated subscriber identity module (160), wherein the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores a first mobile radio subscriber identifier (113) and a first QAM modulation parameter (115), and wherein the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) is implemented as an embedded integrated circuit and permanently stores a second mobile radio subscriber identifier (115) An identifier (123) and second QAM modulation parameters (125), wherein the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) identifies the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) in the first mobile wireless network (110), the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) identifying the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) in the second mobile wireless network (120), wherein the mobile wireless communication device (130) has a first data memory (180) configured to store first data for forwarding to the first mobile wireless network and a second data memory (190) configured to store second data for forwarding to the second mobile wireless network, wherein the mobile wireless communication interface (140) further comprises a controllable QAM modulator (170) for performing QAM modulation, characterized in that the method (500) comprises the steps of:
reading (501), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the first data (114) from the first data storage (180) and the first mobile wireless subscriber identifier (113) from the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) to obtain first transmission data (171a) for transmission to the first mobile wireless network (110);
reading (502), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the first QAM modulation parameter (115) from the first integrated subscriber identity module (150) and communicating the first QAM modulation parameter (115) to the controllable QAM modulator (170);
modulating (503), by the controllable QAM modulator (170), the first transmission data (171a) based on the first QAM modulation parameter (115) according to QAM modulation to obtain first QAM transmission data (172 a);
transmitting (504), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the first QAM transmit data (172a) to the first mobile wireless network (110); and/or
Reading (505), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the second data (124) from the second data store (190) and the second mobile wireless subscriber identifier (123) from the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) to obtain second transmission data (171b) for transmission to the second mobile wireless network (120);
reading (506), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the second QAM modulation parameter (125) from the second integrated subscriber identity module (160) and communicating the second QAM modulation parameter (125) to the controllable QAM modulator (170);
modulating (507), by the controllable QAM modulator (170), the second transmit data (171b) based on the second QAM modulation parameter (125) according to QAM modulation to obtain second QAM transmit data (172 b);
transmitting (508), by the mobile wireless communication interface (140), the second QAM transmit data (172b) to the second mobile wireless network (120).
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