CN111613887A - Antenna, antenna array and base station - Google Patents
Antenna, antenna array and base station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111613887A CN111613887A CN202010450100.XA CN202010450100A CN111613887A CN 111613887 A CN111613887 A CN 111613887A CN 202010450100 A CN202010450100 A CN 202010450100A CN 111613887 A CN111613887 A CN 111613887A
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- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- ground layer
- metal ground
- substrate
- support wall
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an antenna which comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface and is characterized in that the substrate is integrally formed by injection molding, the antenna also comprises a metal ground layer formed on the second surface, a plurality of support walls which are respectively formed by extending along a linear direction and are arranged side by side, a plurality of convex parts formed by extending along a direction departing from the metal ground layer on the first surface, a radiation unit formed on the convex parts in an electroplating way, feed branches which are formed on the convex parts in an electroplating way and are separated from the radiation unit, a power distribution feed network which is formed on the first surface in an electroplating way and is connected with the feed branches, and a decoupling structure which is formed on the support walls in an electroplating way and is connected with the metal ground layer, and the convex parts are distributed among the support walls arranged side by side. Finally, the requirements of the 5G large-scale base station array antenna on low cost, low profile, miniaturization, high isolation, light weight and the like are met.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna array, and a base station.
[ background of the invention ]
The fifth generation mobile communication system will widely adopt a large-scale array antenna (Massive MIMO) technology, and the antenna generally requires to realize the characteristics of miniaturization, low profile, high gain, high isolation, and the like. At present, a 5G macro base station Antenna adopts 64 channels or more Antenna radiation units to realize good 3D beam forming capability, and the Antenna is integrated with a Radio Remote Unit (RRU) to form an Active Antenna Unit (AAU). Therefore, if the antenna continues to adopt the traditional process and substrate, the weight of the base station antenna is inevitably too large, the assembly is complicated, and the design cost of the antenna is also increased invisibly.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna having a low profile, a small size, a high isolation, and a light weight.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide an antenna which is low in section, small in size, high in isolation and light in weight.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an antenna comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the substrate is integrally injection-molded, the antenna further comprises a metal ground layer formed on the second surface, a plurality of supporting walls which are respectively formed by extending in a linear direction and are arranged side by side, a plurality of protrusions which are formed by extending in a direction deviating from the metal ground layer on the first surface, radiation units formed on the protrusions in an electroplating manner, feed branches which are formed on the protrusions in an electroplating manner and are spaced from the radiation units, a power distribution feed network which is formed on the first surface and is connected with the feed branches, and a decoupling structure which is formed on the supporting walls in an electroplating manner and is connected with the metal ground layer, and the plurality of protrusions are distributed among the plurality of supporting walls arranged side by side.
Preferably, the protruding portion includes a third surface parallel to the first surface and a first side surface connecting the first surface and the third surface, the radiating element is disposed on the third surface, and the feeding branch is disposed on the first side surface.
Preferably, the support wall includes a first support wall, a second support wall and a third support wall arranged side by side, the radiating unit includes a plurality of first radiating units formed between the first support wall and the second support wall and a second radiating unit formed between the second support wall and the third support wall, and the decoupling structure is at least arranged on a side of the second support wall close to the first radiating unit.
Preferably, the substrate is provided with a grounding hole at a position of the second supporting wall close to the first radiating unit, and the decoupling structure includes a grounding portion formed by extending from two ends of the second supporting wall and the grounding hole to a direction close to the metal ground layer and connected with the metal ground layer, and a decoupling gap formed by hollowing out a surface of the decoupling structure.
Preferably, one end of the diagonal of the protruding portion is removed along a direction close to the first surface to form a corner cut portion, the corner cut portion is electroplated along a direction close to the first surface from the radiating element to form a parasitic element, the parasitic element is electrically connected with the radiating element, the other end of the diagonal of the protruding portion forms a first step parallel to the third surface, and the feeding branch extends from one side of the protruding portion to the first platform and extends to two sides of the diagonal to form a Y-shaped open-circuit transmission line.
Preferably, the feeding branches include a first feeding branch far away from one side of the decoupling structure and a second feeding branch near one side of the decoupling structure, and the power division feeding network includes a first feeding network connected to the plurality of first feeding branches and a second feeding network connected to the plurality of second feeding branches.
Preferably, the plurality of radiation units include 3 first radiation units arranged between the first supporting wall and the second supporting wall to form a 1 × 3 arrangement and 3 second radiation units arranged between the second supporting wall and the third supporting wall to form a 1 × 3 arrangement, and the first radiation units and the second radiation units together form an antenna sub-array including 6 radiation units arranged in a 2 × 3 arrangement.
Preferably, the protruding portions are hollowed out to form grooves on one side close to the metal ground layer, and through holes are formed between the protruding portions of the substrate.
Preferably, the antenna further includes a reflection plate fixed to an end of the metal ground layer, the end being far from the substrate, and a port penetrating through the substrate and connecting the power division feed network and the metal ground layer.
An antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas as described in any of the above arranged in an array.
A base station comprising an antenna array as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, by adopting the coupling feed technology and the processing technology of plastic electroplating, a decoupling structure is adopted in the antenna, and finally the requirements of low cost, low profile, miniaturization, high isolation, light weight and the like of the 5G large-scale base station array antenna are realized, and the large-scale array antenna can be well applied to a 5G macro base station.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a side of an antenna structure facing away from a decoupling structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a side of the antenna structure facing the decoupling structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an antenna structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the second surface of the antenna structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a decoupling structure of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;
fig. 10 is an exploded view of the antenna structure of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna 100, where the antenna 100 of the first embodiment operates at 2500 + 2700MHz, but the technical idea of the antenna 100 of the first embodiment is not limited to this frequency band, and the antenna 100 of the first embodiment can operate in other frequency bands by adjusting the size of the antenna 100 of the present embodiment, such as: 3400 plus 3800MHz and 4800 plus 5000 MHz.
Referring to fig. 10, the antenna 100 includes a substrate 10, a metal ground layer 20, a protruding portion 30, a supporting wall 40, a radiating element 50, a feeding branch 60, a power dividing feeding network 70, and a decoupling structure 80.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the substrate 10 is a plate-shaped structure formed by injection molding, and includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11. The metal ground layer 20 is formed on the second surface 12, and in this embodiment, the metal ground layer 20 is formed on the second surface 12 by a plastic electroplating process.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 8, the protrusion 30 is formed on the first surface 11 extending away from the metal ground layer 20, the protrusion 30 includes a third surface 35 and a first side surface 36, the third surface 35 is a surface of the protrusion 30 away from the metal ground layer 20, the third surface 35 is parallel to the first surface 11, and the radiation unit 50 is disposed on the third surface 35. The first side surface 36 connects the third surface 35 and the first surface 11, in this embodiment, the first side surface 36 is perpendicular to the third surface 35, the number of the protrusions 30 is multiple, multiple groups of the protrusions 30 are respectively arranged along a linear direction x, the linear direction x is an extending direction of the supporting walls 40, and the multiple protrusions are distributed between the multiple supporting walls arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the number of the protruding portions 30 is 6, and 6 protruding portions 30 are formed on the first surface 11 in a 2 × 3 arrangement. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, a recess 31 is hollowed out at a side of the protruding portion 30 close to the metal ground layer 20, referring to fig. 1 to 5, a through hole 14 is formed between the protruding portions 30 of the substrate 10, and the weight and material cost of the antenna 100 are reduced by the recess 31 and the through hole 14.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the number of the supporting walls 40 is multiple, and the supporting walls 40 are arranged side by side, in this embodiment, the supporting walls 40 include a first supporting wall 41, a second supporting wall 42, and a third supporting wall 43 arranged side by side, the number of the radiation units 50 corresponds to the number of the protrusions 30, and the radiation units 50 are formed on the third surface 35 through a plastic electroplating process. In this embodiment, the number of the radiation units 50 is 6, and 6 radiation units 50 and 6 protrusions 30 are correspondingly disposed and formed on the third surface 35 in a 2 × 3 arrangement. In this embodiment, the radiation unit 50 includes a first radiation unit 51 and a second radiation unit 52, the first radiation unit 51 is formed between the first support wall 41 and the second support wall 42, the second radiation unit 52 is formed between the second support wall 42 and the third support wall 43, in this embodiment, the number of the first radiation unit 51 is 3, the first radiation unit 51 forms a 1 × 3 structure between the first support wall 41 and the second support wall 42, the number of the second radiation unit 52 is 3, the second radiation unit 52 forms a 1 × 3 structure between the second support wall 42 and the third support wall 43, and 3 of the first radiation units 51 and 3 of the second radiation units 52 together form an antenna 100 subarray including 6 radiation units 50 arranged in a 2 × 3 array.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, 8 and 9, the feeding branch 60 is formed on the first side surface 36 by a plastic plating process, and the feeding branch 60 and the radiation unit 50 are spaced apart from each other to form an open circuit. Referring to fig. 3, the third surface 35 is a nearly rectangular structure, two diagonal lines y exist at four corners of the rectangular structure, a chamfered portion 32 is formed by removing one end of the protrusion 30 at one diagonal line y in a direction close to the first surface 11, referring to fig. 9, the chamfered portion 32 is formed by electroplating from the radiating element 50 in a direction close to the first surface 11 to form a parasitic element 33, the parasitic element 33 and the radiating element 50 are integrally formed by electroplating, and the parasitic element 33 is electrically connected with the radiating element 50. The parasitic element 33 is used to adjust a resonance point of the antenna 100 to achieve miniaturization of the antenna 100. The convex portion 30 forms a first step 34 parallel to the third surface 35 at the other end of the diagonal line Y, and referring to fig. 8, the feeding branch 60 extends from one side of the convex portion 30 to the first platform and extends to the two sides of the diagonal line Y to form a Y-shaped open transmission line, so as to generate +/-45 ° dual polarized wave. Referring to fig. 3, the feeding stub 60 includes a first feeding stub 61 on a side away from the decoupling structure 80 and a second feeding stub 62 on a side close to the decoupling structure 80. In this embodiment, 6 sets of the 6 protrusions 30 are correspondingly provided with 6 first feeding branches 61 arranged in 2 groups and 1 × 3 in total and 6 second feeding branches 62 arranged in 2 groups and 1 × 3 in total,
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the power division feeding network 70 is formed on the first surface 11 by a plastic electroplating process, and the power division feeding network 70 is connected to the plurality of feeding branches 60, in this embodiment, the power division feeding network 70 includes a first feeding network 71 connected to the plurality of first feeding branches 61 and a second feeding network 72 connected to the plurality of second feeding branches 62. In this embodiment, the first feeding network 71 is 2 one-to-three power dividing feeding networks 70 respectively connected to the 2 groups of 1 × 3 arranged first feeding branches 61, and the second feeding network 72 is 2 one-to-three power dividing feeding networks 70 respectively connected to the 2 groups of 1 × 3 arranged second feeding branches 62, so as to excite the radiation units 50 with equal amplitude and signals with a certain phase difference, and the antenna 100 finally generates a radiation pattern with a fixed downtilt angle.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, 5 and 6, a decoupling structure 80 is formed on the supporting wall 40 by a plastic electroplating process, the decoupling structure 80 is at least disposed on one side of the second supporting wall 42 close to the first radiating element 51, in this embodiment, in a single antenna 100, the radiating elements of the antenna 100 form a 2 × 3 array arrangement, specifically, 2 groups of radiating elements are respectively arranged along a linear direction x, and the decoupling structure 80 is only disposed on one side of the second supporting wall 42 close to the first radiating element 51, so that the decoupling structure 80 is located between the 2 groups of radiating elements, thereby improving the heteropolarization isolation. When a plurality of antennas 100 are arranged in an array, according to actual requirements, the decoupling structures 80 are further disposed on the first supporting wall 41 and the third supporting wall 43, so that the decoupling structures 80 are disposed between a plurality of groups of radiation units 50 respectively arranged along the linear direction x in the antenna array 200 to improve the heteropolarization isolation. And the decoupling structure 80 is connected to the metal ground layer 20. The substrate 10 is provided with a grounding hole 13 at a position of the second supporting wall 42 close to the first radiating unit 51, in this embodiment, the decoupling structure 80 is a rectangular metal plating layer plated on one side of the supporting wall 40, the decoupling structure 80 includes a grounding portion 82 and a decoupling gap 81, the grounding portion 82 extends to a direction close to the metal ground layer 20 through two ends of the second supporting wall 42 along the arrangement direction of the protruding portions 30 and a position corresponding to the grounding hole 13, and the grounding portion 82 is connected to the metal ground layer 20. The decoupling gap 81 is hollowed out on the surface of the decoupling structure 80, the decoupling gap 81 may have various hollowed-out structures, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the decoupling gap 81 is a hollowed-out Z-shaped structure, and in addition to the Z-shaped structure disclosed in this embodiment, the decoupling gap 81 may also be other hollowed-out structures such as a hollowed-out H-shaped structure, a transverse T-shaped structure, or a U-shaped structure, so as to improve the heteropolarization isolation of the antenna 100.
Referring to fig. 7, the antenna 100 further includes a reflector 90 and a port 110, wherein the reflector 90 is fixed to an end of the metal ground layer 20 away from the substrate 10 by a rivet. The port 110 penetrates through the substrate 10, and the port 110 is connected to the power division feed network 70 and the port 110 of the metal ground layer 20, in this embodiment, 4 ports 110 respectively connected to the power division feed network 70 are provided corresponding to 4 power division feed networks 70.
The above description is only for illustrative purposes and does not limit the technical aspects of the present application.
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to an antenna array 200, the structure of the antenna array 200 is shown in fig. 7, and the antenna array 200 includes 16 antennas 100 arranged in a 4 × 4 manner according to the first embodiment.
A third embodiment of the present invention relates to a base station, which includes the antenna array 200 according to the second embodiment, and the 16 2x3 antennas 100 according to the first embodiment arranged in 4 x 4 are finally assembled into a 64-channel 5G macro base station.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. An antenna comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and is characterized in that the substrate is integrally formed by injection molding, the antenna further comprises a metal ground layer formed on the second surface, a plurality of supporting walls which are respectively formed by extending along a linear direction and are arranged side by side, a plurality of protrusions which are formed by extending along a direction departing from the metal ground layer on the first surface, a radiation unit formed on the protrusions in an electroplating manner, feed branches which are formed on the protrusions in an electroplating manner and are spaced from the radiation unit, a power distribution feed network which is formed on the first surface and is connected with the feed branches, and a decoupling structure which is formed on the supporting walls and is connected with the metal ground layer in an electroplating manner, and the plurality of protrusions are distributed among the plurality of supporting walls arranged side by side.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the projection comprises a third surface parallel to the first surface and a first side surface connecting the first surface and the third surface, the radiation unit is arranged on the third surface, and the feed branch is arranged on the first side surface.
3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the support wall comprises a first support wall, a second support wall and a third support wall which are arranged side by side, the radiation unit comprises a plurality of first radiation units formed between the first support wall and the second support wall and a second radiation unit formed between the second support wall and the third support wall, and the decoupling structure is at least arranged on one side of the second support wall close to the first radiation unit.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein: the substrate is provided with a grounding hole at the position of the second supporting wall close to the first radiating unit, and the decoupling structure comprises a grounding part which is formed by extending from two ends of the second supporting wall and the grounding hole to the direction close to the metal ground layer and is connected with the metal ground layer, and a decoupling gap which is formed by hollowing out the surface of the decoupling structure.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a solar radiation antenna, including the first surface direction, the first surface direction is removed to the diagonal one end of bellying, the first surface direction is removed and is formed the corner cut portion, the corner cut portion certainly the radiating element is along being close to first surface direction is electroplated and is formed parasitic element, parasitic element with radiating element electric connection, the diagonal other end of bellying forms with the first step that the third surface parallels, the feed minor matters certainly bellying one side extends to first platform extends to the diagonal both sides and forms the transmission line of opening a way of Y style of calligraphy.
6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the power division feed network comprises a first feed network and a second feed network, the first feed network is connected with the plurality of first feed branches, and the second feed network is connected with the plurality of second feed branches.
7. The antenna of claim 3, wherein: the plurality of radiation units include 3 first radiation units arranged between the first supporting wall and the second supporting wall to form a 1 × 3 arrangement and 3 second radiation units arranged between the second supporting wall and the third supporting wall to form a 1 × 3 arrangement, and the first radiation units and the second radiation units together form an antenna subarray including 6 radiation units arranged in a 2 × 3 arrangement.
8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: one side of each protruding portion, close to the metal ground layer, is hollowed to form a groove, and a through hole is formed in the substrate among the protruding portions.
9. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the antenna also comprises a reflecting plate fixed at one end of the metal ground layer far away from the substrate and a port penetrating through the substrate and connected with the power division feed network and the metal ground layer.
10. An antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 arranged in an array.
11. A base station comprising an antenna array according to claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010450100.XA CN111613887A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Antenna, antenna array and base station |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010450100.XA CN111613887A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Antenna, antenna array and base station |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111613887A true CN111613887A (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010450100.XA Withdrawn CN111613887A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Antenna, antenna array and base station |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111613887A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112072289A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-11 | 武汉凡谷电子技术股份有限公司 | Antenna module |
| CN113258272A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-08-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna array and antenna structure |
| WO2022110061A1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-02 | Rfs Radio Frequency Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Decoupling apparatus, a radiation unit and antenna |
-
2020
- 2020-05-25 CN CN202010450100.XA patent/CN111613887A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112072289A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-11 | 武汉凡谷电子技术股份有限公司 | Antenna module |
| CN112072289B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-02-28 | 武汉凡谷电子技术股份有限公司 | Antenna module |
| CN113258272A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-08-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna array and antenna structure |
| CN113258272B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-05-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna oscillator and antenna structure |
| WO2022110061A1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-02 | Rfs Radio Frequency Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Decoupling apparatus, a radiation unit and antenna |
| CN116508205A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2023-07-28 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Decoupling device, radiating element and antenna |
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Application publication date: 20200901 |
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