CN111612771A - Identification monitoring devices of high-strength alloy structure steel sheet surface microcrack - Google Patents
Identification monitoring devices of high-strength alloy structure steel sheet surface microcrack Download PDFInfo
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- CN111612771A CN111612771A CN202010442659.8A CN202010442659A CN111612771A CN 111612771 A CN111612771 A CN 111612771A CN 202010442659 A CN202010442659 A CN 202010442659A CN 111612771 A CN111612771 A CN 111612771A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
- G06T7/001—Industrial image inspection using an image reference approach
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8854—Grading and classifying of flaws
- G01N2021/8874—Taking dimensions of defect into account
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8887—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10056—Microscopic image
- G06T2207/10061—Microscopic image from scanning electron microscope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20024—Filtering details
- G06T2207/20032—Median filtering
Abstract
The invention provides a device for identifying and monitoring micro cracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate, which comprises: the installation unit is used for installing the high-strength alloy structural steel plate; an image acquisition unit for acquiring an image of a surface of a steel plate; an image processing unit; the characteristic extraction unit is used for extracting the characteristics of the picture processed by the image processing unit; the crack judging unit is used for comparing the features extracted by the feature extracting unit with preset standard features, judging the size and the position of cracks on the surface of the steel plate and classifying the cracks; a display unit; and a control unit connected with the crack judging unit and the display unit, wherein the control unit controls the orientation of the lens of the microscope for image acquisition according to the crack position judged by the crack judging unit, so that the lens of the microscope for image acquisition is aligned with the crack part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, in particular to a device for identifying and monitoring fine cracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate.
Background
The high-strength alloy structural steel belongs to low-carbon steel, has high strength, high toughness, low brittle transition temperature and good cold formability and weldability, and is suitable for processing steel plates
However, under the repeated action of alternating stress lower than the yield limit of the material, after a certain number of cycles, cracks can be initiated at the stress concentration part of the alloy steel, the cracks are expanded under a certain condition and finally suddenly broken, the failure process is called fatigue failure, and the fatigue failure is a common failure form in engineering structures, so that along with the industrial automatic development, the online detection of the cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate is urgently needed to meet the production requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate, which can detect the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate on line.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A device for identifying and monitoring micro cracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate comprises:
the installation unit is used for installing the high-strength alloy structural steel plate;
an image acquisition unit for acquiring an image of a surface of a steel plate;
an image processing unit for processing the image obtained by the image obtaining unit;
the characteristic extraction unit is used for extracting the characteristics of the picture processed by the image processing unit;
the crack judging unit is used for comparing the features extracted by the feature extracting unit with preset standard features, judging the size and the position of cracks on the surface of the steel plate and classifying the cracks;
a display unit including a microscope for image acquisition; and
and the control unit is connected with the crack judging unit and the display unit, and controls the orientation of the lens of the microscope for image acquisition according to the crack position judged by the crack judging unit so that the lens of the microscope for image acquisition is aligned with the crack position.
Preferably, the steel plate surface crack early warning device further comprises an early warning unit, wherein the early warning unit is connected with the crack judging unit, and when the crack judging unit judges that the crack on the steel plate surface exceeds a preset range, the early warning unit sends out early warning information.
Preferably, the step of extracting features by the feature extraction unit includes:
calculating a local maximum difference value of the image by using texture analysis;
taking the inverse, removing the small area and further processing the image by morphological erosion expansion;
thinning the image and trimming burrs;
and characterizing the surface cracks of the steel plate by using the number of the pixel points.
Preferably, the step of image processing comprises:
carrying out image gray processing;
median filtering
Adjusting the gray value;
sharpening the image by using high-frequency emphasis filtering;
and (4) Gaussian filtering.
Preferably, the crack determination unit includes an algorithm detection module, and obtains the length and the shape of the crack according to a detection algorithm.
Preferably, the image acquisition unit is a high-speed camera.
Preferably, the crack determination unit performs crack classification by using a method of combining a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a genetic algorithm.
Preferably, the image-capturing microscope has a magnification in the range of 10 to 200 times.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate provided by the invention realizes automatic detection and monitoring of the micro cracks on the surface of the steel plate to be detected, and meets the production requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for identifying and monitoring microcracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
First, a device for identifying and monitoring micro cracks on the surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate according to an embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for identifying and monitoring microcracks on a surface of a high-strength alloy structural steel plate according to an embodiment of the invention comprises: the device comprises a mounting unit, an image acquisition unit, an image processing unit, a feature extraction unit, a crack judgment unit, a display unit, an early warning unit and a control unit.
Specifically, the mounting unit is used for mounting a high-strength alloy structural steel plate, the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring an image of the surface of the steel plate, and the image acquisition unit in the embodiment is a high-speed camera, that is, in the embodiment, the surface of the steel plate is shot by the high-speed camera, and a corresponding picture is obtained;
an image processing unit for processing the image obtained by the image obtaining unit, the image processing including:
1) carrying out image gray processing;
2) median filtering;
3) adjusting the gray value;
4) sharpening the image by using high-frequency emphasis filtering;
5) gaussian filtering;
the feature extraction unit is configured to perform feature extraction on the picture processed by the image processing unit, and further, the step of performing feature extraction by the feature extraction unit includes:
A. calculating a local maximum difference value of the image by using texture analysis;
B. taking the inverse, removing the small area and further processing the image by morphological erosion expansion;
C. thinning the image and trimming burrs;
D. and characterizing the surface cracks of the steel plate by using the number of the pixel points.
The crack judging unit is used for judging whether cracks exist on the steel plate to be detected, and comprises the following specific steps: capturing pixel points of an image without cracks as preset values, comparing the number of the pixel points extracted by the feature extraction unit with the preset values, judging that cracks exist if the difference value of the pixel points and the preset values is larger than a threshold value, then marking the positions of the cracks, and calculating the actual lengths of the cracks;
a display unit including a microscope for image acquisition; and
and the control unit is connected with the crack judging unit and the display unit, and controls the orientation of the lens of the microscope for image acquisition according to the crack position judged by the crack judging unit so that the lens of the microscope for image acquisition is aligned with the crack position.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the steel plate detection device further includes an early warning unit, the early warning unit is connected to the crack determination unit, when the crack determination unit determines that the crack on the surface of the steel plate exceeds the preset range, the early warning unit sends out early warning information, otherwise, the early warning unit sends out an alarm to prompt an operator that the detected steel plate has a crack and exceeds a preset standard.
Further, the crack determination unit comprises an algorithm detection module, and the length and the shape of the crack are obtained according to a detection algorithm.
Further, the image acquisition unit is a high-speed camera.
Further, the crack determination unit classifies cracks by adopting a method of combining a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a genetic algorithm, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. initializing parameters in a genetic algorithm
b. Weighting the feature values according to the value of each individual, and assigning values to the parameters of the SVM classification algorithm
c. Modeling by using the weighted characteristic value according to the value of each individual by using an SVM (support vector machine) method, and obtaining the parameters of the classification model, the weight coefficient of the characteristic weighting and the parameter value of the kernel function by optimizing and iterating through a genetic algorithm
d. Extracting the characteristic value of the image to be classified, reading in the parameter of the classification model, the weight coefficient of the characteristic weighting and the parameter value of the kernel function, calculating the decision function according to the extracted characteristic value to obtain the classification result
Further, the magnification range of the microscope for image acquisition is 10-200 times, so that cracks with different sizes can be obtained.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high-strength alloy structure steel sheet surface microcrack's discernment monitoring devices which characterized in that includes:
the installation unit is used for installing the high-strength alloy structural steel plate;
an image acquisition unit for acquiring an image of a surface of a steel plate;
an image processing unit for processing the image obtained by the image obtaining unit;
the characteristic extraction unit is used for extracting the characteristics of the picture processed by the image processing unit;
the crack judging unit is used for comparing the features extracted by the feature extracting unit with preset standard features, judging the size and the position of cracks on the surface of the steel plate and classifying the cracks;
a display unit including a microscope for image acquisition; and
and the control unit is connected with the crack judging unit and the display unit, and controls the orientation of the lens of the microscope for image acquisition according to the crack position judged by the crack judging unit so that the lens of the microscope for image acquisition is aligned with the crack position.
2. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate according to claim 1, further comprising an early warning unit, wherein the early warning unit is connected with the crack judging unit, and when the crack judging unit judges that the cracks on the surface of the steel plate exceed a preset range, the early warning unit sends out early warning information.
3. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the step of performing feature extraction by the feature extraction unit comprises:
calculating a local maximum difference value of the image by using texture analysis;
taking the inverse, removing the small area and further processing the image by morphological erosion expansion;
thinning the image and trimming burrs;
and characterizing the surface cracks of the steel plate by using the number of the pixel points.
4. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the image processing step comprises:
carrying out image gray processing;
median filtering
Adjusting the gray value;
sharpening the image by using high-frequency emphasis filtering;
and (4) Gaussian filtering.
5. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the crack determination unit comprises an algorithm detection module, and the length and the shape of the cracks are obtained according to a detection algorithm.
6. The device for identifying and monitoring the microcracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition unit is a high-speed camera.
7. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the crack determination unit is used for classifying the cracks by a method combining a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a genetic algorithm.
8. The device for identifying and monitoring the micro cracks on the surface of the high-strength alloy structural steel plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microscope for image acquisition has a magnification of 10-200 times.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113533368A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-22 | 国网河北省电力有限公司衡水供电分公司 | Electric pole crack detection device, control method and control terminal |
| CN113911673A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-01-11 | 泉州冰点科技有限公司 | Large-scale conveyor belt surface crack detection method and system |
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