CN111612310A - Comprehensive test evaluation method for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive test evaluation method of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises the steps of establishing evaluation indexes and constructing an evaluation function for each index; determining the index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method; and comprehensively evaluating the vehicle by adopting a star-level evaluation method according to the comprehensive score. The method provided by the invention covers six key performances, performs weighting processing on various performance indexes, performs objective comprehensive evaluation on vehicles, is convenient for enterprises, scientific research institutions and consumers to comprehensively solve the vehicle type, and assists the enterprises to research and develop the vehicles; the method adopts multiple factors to construct an evaluation function, uses the factors such as national standard limit value, current index average value, index development trend and the like, not only considers the objectivity of the evaluation function, but also keeps the dynamic property of the evaluation function, so that the evaluation function follows the current vehicle technology development trend; the evaluation index weight is constructed by adopting an improved Delphi method, so that the feedback times are reduced, the weight confirmation period is shortened, and the precision of weight decomposition is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
Background
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has 2 power sources of an internal combustion engine and a motor, has the technical characteristics of both the internal combustion engine vehicle and a pure Electric Vehicle (EV), and has the properties of oil consumption and emission of the internal combustion engine vehicle, power consumption and charging performance of the EV and the like. Compared with an automobile with a single power source, the performance index of the PHEV is more complicated, and the comprehensive evaluation difficulty of the PHEV is higher. Therefore, a set of comprehensive testing and evaluating method for PHEV needs to be constructed, so that research institutions, vehicle enterprises and consumers can comprehensively and objectively know the overall performance of the vehicle, and an evaluating method is provided for research, development and verification of PHEV models.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, which comprehensively evaluates vehicle performance by establishing six 14 types of evaluation indexes, constructing an evaluation function for each index, determining index weight based on a delphire method, and facilitating enterprises, scientific research institutions and consumers to comprehensively solve the problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle comprises
Step S1: establishing evaluation indexes, and constructing an evaluation function for each index;
step S2: determining the index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method;
step S3: and comprehensively evaluating the vehicle by adopting a star-level evaluation method according to the comprehensive score.
Further, in step S1, the evaluation indexes include two levels of 14 evaluation indexes, where one level of the evaluation indexes includes the general categories of energy consumption emission, chargeability, dynamic performance, braking performance, EMC, and NVH6, and the second level of the evaluation indexes is subdivided under the first level of the evaluation indexes.
Further, the energy consumption emission of the primary indexes comprises 4 secondary indexes of EV mode endurance mileage, EV mode power consumption, CS stage oil consumption and pollutant emission;
the primary index charging performance comprises two secondary indexes of charging time and charging interference resistance;
the dynamic performance of the primary index comprises two secondary indexes of acceleration time and the maximum speed of the EV mode;
the first-level index braking performance comprises two second-level indexes of a braking distance and an energy-saving contribution degree;
the primary index EMC comprises two secondary indexes of human body protection amount electromagnetic interference resistance;
the first-level index NVH comprises two second-level indexes of noise inside the vehicle and noise outside the vehicle.
Further, in step S1, the evaluation function is constructed by a multi-factor analysis method, taking into account the factors of the national standard limit, the index average, and the index development trend, and the score reference point is constructed based on the above factors.
Further, in step S2, each index weight is determined by using an improved delphire method, and first, the first-level index weight is decomposed, and then, the second-level index weight is decomposed technically on the first-level index;
the evaluation function adopts the formula (1):
in the formula QijScoring each index, i is the serial number of the first-level index, and j is the serial number of the second-level index; x is the number ofijFor each secondary index evaluation result, k1、k2、b1、b2Is a coefficient;
before the weight decomposition, firstly, according to the technical development trend and the investigation of the average value of the current indexes, forming a research report of each index, and drawing a primary index weight decomposition scheme of a primary draft based on the research report, and decomposing a secondary index scheme based on the primary index weight decomposition scheme;
then, the Delphi method is used for researching experts in the field of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the research report and the first draft decomposition scheme are delivered to the experts together, technical data and development trend reports are provided for the experts,
when the expert feeds back the result, a weight decomposition report is provided for the weight decomposition result of the expert,
through several rounds of feedback, six primary index weights of the energy consumption emission, the chargeability, the dynamic property, the braking property, the EMC and the NVH are set to be M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6, and the sum of the weights M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 is 100%.
Further, in step S3, the PHEV evaluation result includes a total performance score and 6 primary index scores. The total comprehensive performance score is calculated by the sum of products of the weights of all the first-level indexes and the score values of the corresponding indexes; the first-level index score is calculated by the sum of products of each second-level index weight and the corresponding index score value.
M is the comprehensive evaluation score, i is the index number of the class, MiIs a class index score, kiIs a class index weight;
j，Qi,jrespectively, the index number of 2 level, score, pi,j-the weight of the level 2 indicator j relative to the level 1 indicator i.
Further, based on the comprehensive score, star rating is adopted,
a score below a threshold value, TTL1, indicating an unsatisfactory vehicle;
a score between threshold values TTL1 and TTL2 indicates a poor vehicle;
a score between threshold values TTL2 and TTL3 indicates an acceptable vehicle;
scores are between threshold values TTL3 and TTL4, indicating a better vehicle;
scores were between the threshold values TTL4 and TTL5, indicating a good vehicle.
The invention also provides a comprehensive test evaluation system of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps.
The index establishing unit is used for establishing evaluation indexes and establishing an evaluation function for each index;
the weight determining unit is used for determining the index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method;
and the comprehensive evaluation unit is used for comprehensively evaluating the vehicle by adopting a star evaluation method according to the comprehensive score.
The invention also provides a storage medium which comprises a program capable of being loaded and executed by a processor to realize the comprehensive test evaluation method of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
The invention also proposes a device comprising
A memory for storing a program of the comprehensive test evaluation method for the plug-in hybrid vehicle;
and the processor is used for loading and executing the program in the memory and realizing the comprehensive test evaluation method of the plug-in hybrid vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the comprehensive test evaluation method of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle has the following advantages:
the comprehensive test evaluation method for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle provided by the invention comprises six key performances of vehicle energy consumption emission, charging property, dynamic property, braking property, EMC and NVH, and performs weighting processing on various performance indexes to perform objective comprehensive evaluation on the vehicle, so that enterprises, scientific research institutions and consumers can comprehensively understand the vehicle type, and the enterprise can be helped to research and develop the vehicle;
the method adopts multiple factors to construct an evaluation function, uses the factors such as national standard limit value, current index average value, index development trend and the like, not only considers the objectivity of the evaluation function, but also keeps the dynamic property of the evaluation function, so that the evaluation function follows the current vehicle technology development trend;
the evaluation index weight is constructed by adopting an improved Delphi method, so that the feedback times are reduced, the weight confirmation period is shortened, and the precision of weight decomposition is improved.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an evaluation index diagram of a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle provides 14 evaluation indexes of two levels according to key performance of a PHEV vehicle, constructs an evaluation function for each index, determines index weight based on a delphire method, and comprehensively evaluates vehicle performance;
the two-stage 14-item evaluation indexes comprise the large categories of first-stage indexes including energy consumption discharge, charging property, dynamic property, braking property, EMC and NVH6, and the second-stage evaluation indexes are subdivided under the first-stage indexes;
the primary index energy consumption emission comprises 4 secondary indexes of EV mode endurance mileage, EV mode power consumption, CS stage oil consumption and pollutant emission;
the primary index charging performance comprises two secondary indexes of charging time and charging interference resistance;
the dynamic performance of the primary index comprises two secondary indexes of acceleration time and the maximum speed of the EV mode;
the first-level index braking performance comprises two second-level indexes of a braking distance and an energy-saving contribution degree;
the primary index EMC comprises two secondary indexes of human body protection amount electromagnetic interference resistance;
the first-level index NVH comprises two second-level indexes of noise inside the vehicle and noise outside the vehicle;
the secondary index pure electric mode driving range adopts a vehicle EV mode driving range test specified in GB/T19753-2013 energy consumption test method of light hybrid electric vehicles, the vehicle is charged to a full-charge state according to relevant requirements in the standard, the vehicle continuously drives an NEDC cycle working condition according to a test method specified in the standard until an engine is started, and the driving distance d is recorded in units of km;
the secondary index EV mode power consumption adopts an EV mode power consumption test under a vehicle condition A specified by GB/T19753-2013 'energy consumption test method for light hybrid electric vehicles', after the secondary index pure electric mode endurance mileage test is finished, charging is started within half an hour until the vehicle is fully charged, the electric quantity obtained from a power grid is recorded, the ratio of the electric quantity to the driving mileage is calculated, and the unit kWh/100km of power consumption is obtained;
the secondary index oil consumption adopts the oil consumption test of a vehicle in the CS stage specified in GB/T19753-2013 energy consumption test method for light hybrid electric vehicles, and takes the limit value requirements of GB 19578-2014 fuel consumption limit for passenger vehicles and the target value requirements of GB 27999-2014 fuel consumption evaluation method and index for passenger vehicles as reference values, and takes the midpoint values of 750kg and 2510 kg and each preparation quality section in the middle part of the two as reference values, and the midpoint values respectively correspond to the limit value and the target value requirements of the preparation quality section in the article. After the vehicle is fully immersed, a complete NEDC cycle working condition is driven on a chassis dynamometer, and the fuel consumption is calculated by adopting a carbon balance method in a unit of L/100 km;
the emission of the secondary index pollutants is tested in a CS stage by using a vehicle in GB 18352.6 light automobile pollutant emission limit value and measurement method (sixth stage of China), according to the test requirements in the standard, after the vehicle is fully immersed, a WLTC cycle is tested on a chassis dynamometer, the emission of pollutants is recorded, and the emission is corrected according to the processing method in the standard;
the charging time of the secondary index is considered to be the time of a full-charging state according to the condition B of GB/T19753-2013 'energy consumption test method for light hybrid electric vehicles', after the endurance mileage test of the pure electric mode of the secondary index is finished, charging is started within half an hour until the vehicle is fully charged, and the full-charging time and unit s are recorded;
the secondary index charging immunity adopts related items in ECE R10 Electrical compatibility, charging is started after preparation is carried out according to test conditions, interference signals are added in the charging process, and whether charging is carried out or not is recorded;
the second-level index acceleration performance adopts the requirements in GB/T19752-2005 'test method for hybrid electric vehicle dynamic performance', and the acceleration time of the vehicle is tested at 0-100 km/h in unit of s;
the maximum speed of the secondary index EV mode is tested in a unit of km/h by adopting the requirements in GB/T19752-2005 'test method for power performance of hybrid electric vehicles';
the secondary index braking distance adopts the requirement test in GB 21670 plus 2008 passenger vehicle braking system technical requirement and test method, the full pedal opening braking is started at the specified vehicle speed, and the braking distance is recorded in m;
the energy-saving contribution rate of the secondary index is measured by a method in QCT (test method for evaluating and testing the recovery rate of regenerative braking energy of the pure electric passenger vehicle), the endurance mileage of opening the braking energy recovery and the endurance mileage of closing the energy recovery are respectively tested, and the energy-saving contribution rate of the braking energy recovery in the pure electric mode is tested;
the secondary indexes of human body protection are according to JASO TP 13002: 2013, in the magnetic field detection method about the exposure of the human body of the automobile, the electromagnetic radiation values of different positions of the automobile are required to be measured;
the Electromagnetic immunity of the secondary index adopts a measuring method in ECE R10 Electrical compatibility;
measuring the noise in the secondary index by GB/T18697-2002 acoustic automobile in-vehicle noise measuring method, driving on a standard noise test road at a constant speed of 60km/h and 100m/h, and recording the noise in the automobile at the right ear of a driver;
the external noise of the secondary index vehicle is measured by GB 1495-2002 'external noise limit value and measuring method for accelerated vehicle running', the external noise enters a test road section at the speed of 60km/h, and then the external noise is tested by full-load acceleration;
the evaluation function is constructed by adopting a multi-factor analysis method, the construction of factors such as national standard limit values, index average values, index development trends and the like is considered, and score reference points are constructed on the basis of the factors;
the national standard limit value is a mandatory requirement or a recommended requirement on the test index, the factor is taken as a standard of an evaluation function, and the recommended value is set to be a qualified score X1(such as 60 points, etc.), if the standard requirement cannot be met, the score of the item is directly 0;
the average value of the index is the average value of the index of the current vehicle at the same level, the index is obtained based on the comprehensive analysis of the research data and the evaluation data of the professional organization, and the index is set as a medium score X according to the value2(e.g., 80 points, etc.);
the index development trend refers to the development trend and the future development target of the technology obtained through research on the technology, and the optimal value of the current same-level application vehicle model is taken as the full score X3(e.g., 100 minutes);
determining each index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method, firstly decomposing the first-level index weight, and then decomposing the second-level index weight on the basis of the technology of the first-level index;
the evaluation function adopts the formula (1):
in the formula QijScoring each index, i is the serial number of the first-level index, and j is the serial number of the second-level index; x is the number ofijFor each secondary index evaluation result, k1、k2、b1、b2Is a coefficient;
before the weight decomposition, firstly, according to the technical development trend and the investigation of the average value of the current indexes, forming a research report of each index, and drawing a primary index weight decomposition scheme of a primary draft based on the research report, and decomposing a secondary index scheme based on the primary index weight decomposition scheme;
then, a Delphi method is used for investigating experts in the field of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the research report and the initial draft decomposition scheme are delivered to the experts together, the method that white paper is used in the first round of the Delphi method is changed, technical data and development trend reports are provided for the experts, and the weight decomposition speed and precision of each index are improved;
when the expert feeds back the result, the expert provides a weight decomposition report for the weight decomposition result of the expert, so that the blindness of weight decomposition is avoided, and the weight decomposition precision is further improved;
after several rounds of feedback, setting the six primary index weights of energy consumption emission, chargeability, dynamic property, braking property, EMC and NVH as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6, and enabling the sum of the weights M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 to be 100%;
the 4 secondary indexes including EV mode endurance mileage, EV mode power consumption, CS stage oil consumption and pollutant emission in the primary index energy consumption emission are respectively M11, M12, M13 and M14, and the sum of M11, M12, M13 and M14 is equal to M1;
the charging time and the charging immunity of the primary index are respectively M21 and M22, so that the sum of M21 and M22 is equal to M2;
the two secondary indexes of the acceleration time and the maximum EV mode speed in the primary index dynamic property are respectively M31 and M32, so that the sum of M31 and M32 is equal to M3;
the two secondary index weights of the braking distance and the energy-saving contribution degree included in the primary index braking performance are respectively M41 and M42, so that the sum of M41 and M42 is equal to M4;
the two secondary indexes of the human body protection amount electromagnetic immunity contained in the primary index EMC are respectively M51 and M52, so that the sum of M51 and M52 is equal to M5;
the two secondary indexes of the noise inside the vehicle and the noise outside the vehicle, which are contained in the primary index NVH, are respectively M61 and M62, so that the sum of M61 and M62 is equal to M6;
the evaluation result of the PHEV comprises a total performance score and 6 primary index scores. The total comprehensive performance score is calculated by the sum of products of the weights of all the first-level indexes and the score values of the corresponding indexes; the primary index score is calculated by the sum of products of each secondary index weight (weight relative to the primary index) and the corresponding index score value.
M is the comprehensive evaluation score, i is the index number of the class, MiIs a class index score, kiIs a class index weight;
j，Qi,jrespectively, the index number of 2 level, score, pi,j-the weight of the level 2 indicator j relative to the level 1 indicator i.
Based on the evaluation scores, star rating evaluation is adopted, the score is below a threshold value TTL1 (such as 60 points), the score is one star and indicates an unsatisfactory vehicle, the score is between threshold values TTL1 and TTL2 (such as 60-70 points), the score is two-star vehicle and indicates a poor vehicle, the score is between threshold values TTL2 and TTL3 (such as 70-80 points), the score is three-star vehicle and indicates an acceptable vehicle, the score is between threshold values TTL3 and TTL4 (such as 80-90 points), the score is four-star vehicle and indicates a better vehicle, and the score is between threshold values TTL4 and TTL5 (such as 90-100 points), the score is five-star vehicle and indicates a good vehicle.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises that
Step S1: establishing evaluation indexes, and constructing an evaluation function for each index;
step S2: determining the index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method;
step S3: and comprehensively evaluating the vehicle by adopting a star-level evaluation method according to the comprehensive score.
2. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the evaluation indexes include two-level 14 evaluation indexes, where the first-level evaluation index includes a large category of energy consumption emission, chargeability, dynamic property, braking property, EMC, NVH6, and the second-level evaluation index is subdivided under the first-level evaluation index.
3. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the primary index energy consumption emission comprises 4 secondary indexes of EV mode endurance mileage, EV mode power consumption, CS stage oil consumption and pollutant emission;
the primary index charging performance comprises two secondary indexes of charging time and charging interference resistance;
the dynamic performance of the primary index comprises two secondary indexes of acceleration time and the maximum speed of the EV mode;
the first-level index braking performance comprises two second-level indexes of a braking distance and an energy-saving contribution degree;
the primary index EMC comprises two secondary indexes of human body protection amount electromagnetic interference resistance;
the first-level index NVH comprises two second-level indexes of noise inside the vehicle and noise outside the vehicle.
4. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the evaluation function is constructed by a multi-factor analysis method, taking into account the factors of the national standard limit, the index average, and the index development trend, and based on the above factors, a score reference point is constructed.
5. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step S2, each index weight is determined by using an improved delphire method, first decomposing the first-level index weight, and then decomposing the second-level index weight technically on the first-level index;
the evaluation function adopts the formula (1):
in the formula QijScoring each index, i is the serial number of the first-level index, and j is the serial number of the second-level index; x is the number ofijFor each secondary index evaluation result, k1、k2、b1、b2Is a coefficient;
before weight decomposition, firstly, forming a research report of each index according to the technical development trend and the investigation of the average value of the current index, establishing a first-level index weight decomposition scheme based on the research report, and decomposing a second-level index scheme based on the research report;
then, a Delphi method is used for researching experts in the field of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the research report and a first-level index weight decomposition scheme are delivered to the experts together, and technical data and a development trend report are provided for the experts;
when the expert feeds back the result, a weight decomposition report is provided for the weight decomposition result of the expert;
through several rounds of feedback, six primary index weights of the energy consumption emission, the chargeability, the dynamic property, the braking property, the EMC and the NVH are set to be M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6, and the sum of the weights M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 is 100%.
6. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the PHEV evaluation result comprises a total comprehensive performance score and 6 first-level index scores, wherein the total comprehensive performance score is calculated by the sum of products of the first-level index weights and the corresponding index scores; the first-level index score is calculated by the sum of products of each second-level index weight and the corresponding index score value;
m is the comprehensive evaluation score, i is the index number of the class, MiIs a class index score, kiIs a class index weight;
j，Qi,jrespectively, the index number of 2 level, score, pi,j-the weight of the level 2 indicator j relative to the level 1 indicator i.
7. The comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: based on the comprehensive score, adopting star rating evaluation,
a score below a threshold value, TTL1, indicating an unsatisfactory vehicle;
a score between threshold values TTL1 and TTL2 indicates a poor vehicle;
a score between threshold values TTL2 and TTL3 indicates an acceptable vehicle;
scores are between threshold values TTL3 and TTL4, indicating a better vehicle;
scores were between the threshold values TTL4 and TTL5, indicating a good vehicle.
8. A comprehensive test evaluation system of a plug-in hybrid vehicle is characterized in that: comprises the following steps.
The index establishing unit is used for establishing evaluation indexes and establishing an evaluation function for each index;
the weight determining unit is used for determining the index weight by adopting an improved Delphi method;
and the comprehensive evaluation unit is used for comprehensively evaluating the vehicle by adopting a star evaluation method according to the comprehensive score.
9. A storage medium, characterized by: a program that is capable of being loaded and executed by a processor to implement a comprehensive test evaluation method for a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An apparatus, characterized by: comprises that
A memory for storing a program of a comprehensive test evaluation method of a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
a processor, wherein the program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor and realizes the comprehensive test evaluation method of the plug-in hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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