CN111611710A - Photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111611710A CN111611710A CN202010434850.8A CN202010434850A CN111611710A CN 111611710 A CN111611710 A CN 111611710A CN 202010434850 A CN202010434850 A CN 202010434850A CN 111611710 A CN111611710 A CN 111611710A
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cell under the standard stateocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current Im(ii) a And calculating an output volt-ampere characteristic model of the photovoltaic cell. The model can be used for designing the photovoltaic system, and not only can the input and output characteristics of the photovoltaic unit be accurately simulated, but also complex iterative operation can be avoided by using the model in the design modeling process, so that the model can be used for the rapid prototype design of the photovoltaic system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method.
Background
With the continuous enhancement of environmental awareness, photovoltaic power generation systems are applied more and more widely. The photovoltaic power generation system is usually small in scale and used for the changeful installation environment and application scene, the photovoltaic system usually needs flexible design, and the universal modular design is difficult to adopt.
In designing a photovoltaic system, an important step is to obtain an accurate mathematical model of the photovoltaic power generation unit. However, in different regions, the temperature and the illumination intensity are different, and the models provided by manufacturers are generally difficult to cover all the working conditions. For this, a parametric model needs to be used in the simulation design process.
In the prior art, the most original parameter model of the photovoltaic power generation unit is mainly a series resistance model, but the model only considers the loss of photovoltaic power generation and does not consider the movement of electric charge, and the model has low efficiency. The parameter setting in the diode model equivalent circuit is complex and needs to be iterated for multiple times to finally obtain a result, the model setting is complex, and the influence among the parameters is not visual. It is difficult to calculate quickly by hand at the time of engineering design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method, and the modeling method adopts a model to solve the problems of low model precision and complex calculation in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method comprises the following steps:
(S1) acquiring the open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cell under the standard stateocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current Im；
(S2) calculating an output current-voltage characteristic model of the photovoltaic cell, which has an expression:
wherein: i is the output current of the photovoltaic cell, U is the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell, Isc-newEnvironmental correction value for short-circuit current, Uoc-newCorrection value for open circuit voltage, C1And C2Is the model coefficient;
ambient correction value I of short-circuit currentsc-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein S is the illumination intensity of the environment, α is the current temperature compensation coefficient, T is the environment temperature, K is the illumination coefficient, T is the temperature of the environmentBIs a temperature reference value, SBIs a reference value of the illumination intensity;
correction value U of open circuit voltageoc-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: b is a light intensity compensation coefficient, and c is a voltage temperature compensation coefficient;
model coefficient C1The calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: i ism-newIs a maximum power point current correction value, Um-newThe maximum power point voltage correction value is obtained;
maximum power point current correction value Im-nThe calculation expression of (a) is:
maximum power point voltage correction value Um-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
model coefficient C2The calculation expression of (a) is:
the invention is further improved in that the voltage temperature compensation coefficient c, the light intensity compensation coefficient b and the current temperature compensation coefficient a are empirical parameters.
The invention is further improved in that the reference temperature value TBAt 25 ℃; reference value S of illumination intensityBIs 1000W/m2。
A further development of the invention consists in that the open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cellocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current ImAt a reference value T of temperatureBAnd a reference value S of the intensity of lightBMeasured under the conditions of (1).
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the model is derived from a theoretical model, approximation is carried out for solving the problem of iteration, the obtained model is more intuitive and easy to calculate on the premise of ensuring the precision, and the calculation process does not need to use a computer (the iterative operation is almost impossible to calculate manually due to the precision problem). The model can be used for designing the photovoltaic system, and in the design modeling process, the model can accurately simulate the input and output characteristics of the photovoltaic unit and avoid complex iterative operation, so that the model can be used for rapid prototype design of the photovoltaic system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent model of a photovoltaic cell employed in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, will provide a better understanding of the function and features of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises a photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method, and a model adopted by the method is shown in figure 1. In the model, IshThe photovoltaic power generation device is a photo-generated current, and the value of the photo-generated current is proportional to the area of a photovoltaic cell and the illumination intensity of incident light; i isDIs the current flowing through the equivalent diode; i is the load current output by the photovoltaic cell; u shapeDThe terminal voltage of the equivalent diode is equal, and the basic behavior characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is similar to that of a common diode under the condition of no illumination; u is the voltage at two ends of the load; rLIs the load resistance of the battery; rSIs an equivalent series resistance; rshIs an equivalent parallel resistance.
For the model shown in fig. 1, it satisfies the following formula:
I＝Iph-ID-Ish
U＝UD-RSI
obtaining an I-U curve equation of the photovoltaic cell through the relation among all variables:
namely, it is
In the formula IscIs the short circuit current of the photovoltaic cell; i is0Reverse saturation current of a PN junction of an equivalent diode in the photovoltaic cell; u shapeocIs the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell, and q is the amount of charge, with a value of 1.6 × 10-19K is Boltzmann constant and is 1.38 × 10-23J·K-1(ii) a T is the absolute temperature in K; a is a curve constant of the PN junction, and the value of A is generally varied between 1 and 2.
The model is subjected to fitting approximation to obtain an output volt-ampere characteristic model of the photovoltaic cell adopted in the embodiment. The input of the model comprises ambient temperature, illumination intensity and open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cellocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current Im. The ambient temperature and the illumination intensity are variables of the model, and other parameters can be provided by a manufacturer or can be measured by a user.
The photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method specifically comprises the following steps:
(S1) acquiring the open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cell under the standard stateocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current Im. Ambient temperature, light intensity as variables of the model, other parameters (U)oc、Isc、Um、Im) Can be provided by the manufacturer or can be in a standard state (25 ℃, 1000W/m) by the user2) And measuring by itself.
(S2) calculating an output volt-ampere characteristic model of the photovoltaic cell, which is approximated by an I-U curve equation [ formula (1) ] of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the expression of the model is:
wherein: i is the output current of the photovoltaic cell, U is the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell, Isc-Environmental correction value for short-circuit current, Uoc-newCorrection value for open circuit voltage, C1And C2Is the model coefficient;
ambient correction value I of short-circuit currentsc-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein S is the illumination intensity of the environment, α is the current temperature compensation coefficient, T is the environment temperature, K is the illumination coefficient, T is the temperature of the environmentBIs a temperature reference value, SBIs a reference value of the illumination intensity;
correction value U of open circuit voltageoc-The calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: b is a light intensity compensation coefficient, and c is a voltage temperature compensation coefficient;
model coefficient C1The calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: i ism-newIs a maximum power point current correction value, Um-newThe maximum power point voltage correction value is obtained;
maximum power point current correction value Im-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
maximum power point voltage correction value Um-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
model coefficient C2The calculation expression of (a) is:
in the above model, the voltage temperature compensation coefficient c, the light intensity compensation coefficient b and the current temperature compensation coefficient a are empirical parameters, and can be obtained through statistical data. Reference value T of temperature in the above modelBAt 25 ℃; reference value S of illumination intensityBIs 1000W/m2. Open circuit voltage U of photovoltaic cellocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current ImAt a reference value T of temperatureBAnd a reference value S of the intensity of lightBMeasured under the conditions of (1).
The model can be used for designing the photovoltaic system, and in the design modeling process, the model can accurately simulate the input and output characteristics of the photovoltaic unit and avoid complex iterative operation, so that the model can be used for rapid prototype design of the photovoltaic system.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A photovoltaic cell equivalent modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(S1) acquiring the Standard StateOpen circuit voltage U of lower photovoltaic cellocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current Im；
(S2) calculating an output current-voltage characteristic model of the photovoltaic cell, which has an expression:
wherein: i is the output current of the photovoltaic cell, U is the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell, Isc-neEnvironmental correction value for short-circuit current, Uoc-newCorrection value for open circuit voltage, C1And C2Is the model coefficient;
ambient correction value I of short-circuit currentsc-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein S is the illumination intensity of the environment, α is the current temperature compensation coefficient, T is the environment temperature, K is the illumination coefficient, T is the temperature of the environmentBIs a temperature reference value, SBIs a reference value of the illumination intensity;
correction value U of open circuit voltageoc-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: b is a light intensity compensation coefficient, and c is a voltage temperature compensation coefficient;
model coefficient C1The calculation expression of (a) is:
wherein: i ism-newIs a maximum power point current correction value, Um-newThe maximum power point voltage correction value is obtained;
maximum power pointFlow correction value Im-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
maximum power point voltage correction value Um-newThe calculation expression of (a) is:
model coefficient C2The calculation expression of (a) is:
2. the equivalent modeling method for the photovoltaic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage temperature compensation coefficient c, the light intensity compensation coefficient b and the current temperature compensation coefficient a are empirical parameters.
3. The equivalent modeling method for photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature reference value TBAt 25 ℃; reference value S of illumination intensityBIs 1000W/m2。
4. The equivalent modeling method for photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, wherein the open-circuit voltage U of the photovoltaic cell isocShort-circuit current IscMaximum power point voltage UmMaximum power point current ImAt a reference value T of temperatureBAnd a reference value S of the intensity of lightBMeasured under the conditions of (1).
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| CN112507560A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-16 | 国网经济技术研究院有限公司 | Segmented photovoltaic array equivalent polymerization model modeling method and system |
| CN114442724A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maximum power point tracking method based on photovoltaic cell short-circuit current estimation and disturbance observation |
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