CN111610064A - Negative pressure method and device for layered sampling of underground water - Google Patents
Negative pressure method and device for layered sampling of underground water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure method and a device for layered sampling of underground water. The control management program is installed in a ground host, and the main flow comprises parameter setting, probe sampling bottle vacuumizing, probe depth control to reach different sampling depths from shallow to deep, probe sampling and ground sample unloading control respectively; the negative pressure sampling probe comprises a plurality of sampling bottles of multilayer, and every sampling bucket design has a normal close formula solenoid valve, by the switch of ground host computer control solenoid valve. The invention can design and manage a plurality of sampling barrels in the probe at one time, can finish the sampling work of a plurality of depth points every time the well is put down and lifted, and has the advantages of accurate sampling, high working efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of groundwater pollution monitoring in environmental and engineering reconnaissance, and particularly relates to a method and a device for component test and pollutant monitoring in groundwater.
Background
Engineering construction investigation and groundwater pollution need to carry out chemical test and pollution monitoring on groundwater, are important components in the fields of engineering investigation and environment monitoring, and provide guidance for engineering environmental safety, risk assessment and soil remediation.
The accurate sampling of underground water is the premise of engineering investigation and pollution degree evaluation, the current underground water sampling method mainly comprises two methods of sampling by a sampler such as a belleville tube and the like and sampling by a portable sampling pump, and the principle and the device of the two methods are schematically shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2 of the specification.
The two methods have certain defects, the Beller tube sampler greatly disturbs the underground water, the single-well underground water needs to be sampled in a layering mode in the underground water sampling process, the phenomenon that the sampler goes into the well for multiple times is inevitable in the operation process, the component concentration distribution in the underground water is disturbed, and the detection result is inaccurate; portable sampling pump sampling is darker at ground water level, and the sampling is received water pump suction and lift restriction, can't gather effective sample. Therefore, the method and the device for sampling with more accuracy and wider application range are researched, and have important application value and prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Sampling underground water layers with different depths of drilling holes, lake water and river water is an important method and technology for engineering investigation and environment monitoring, and layered sampling and testing of underground water are required in underground engineering site selection, constructed leakage, water burst, environment pollution monitoring and the like of hydropower stations, nuclear power stations, dams, mines, tunnels (holes) and the like so as to evaluate and judge the reliability of underground environments. Because underground geological conditions and hydrological conditions are complex, the buried depth is large, and the water environmental protection requirement is high, according to the traditional layered water pumping and sampling test method, water-bearing layers with different depths are generally constructed into drill holes with different bore sections in the same drill hole, and water stopping is carried out by dividing water-stopping pipes into steps. In this way, only 2-3 layers of water pumping tests can be carried out in the same drilling hole, the operation difficulty is high, the hole expansion cost is high, the water stopping effect is poor, and accurate water quality and water quantity information of different aquifers is difficult to obtain; although a plug type stratified sampling system can be adopted to carry out stratified water pumping and sampling on aquifers with any depth in a drill hole with the same aperture, the problems of high cost and low efficiency still exist, and the increasing requirements of engineering investigation, environmental monitoring and disease control are difficult to meet.
Based on the problems, the invention aims to provide a negative pressure method and a device for layered sampling of underground water, which utilize the negative pressure adsorption principle, adopt the existing electronic and electromagnetic control technology to manufacture a device for sampling, storing and managing samples, accurately, efficiently and environmentally acquire water samples with more than ten depths by one-time downhole sampling, and overcome the defects of low accuracy, low working efficiency, high safety and environmental protection risk and high cost of the traditional sampling method and device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a negative pressure method for layered sampling of underground water comprises,
manufacturing a groundwater sampling container, and vacuumizing and sealing the sampling container on the ground;
step two, placing all the sampling containers into the drilled hole at one time;
step three, opening at least one sampling container at a preset depth position to enable the groundwater at the depth to enter the sampling container under the action of pressure difference, and then closing the sampling container;
moving the sampling container to the next preset depth position, and repeating the step three to finish the groundwater sampling at different depth positions;
and fifthly, lifting all the sampling containers to the ground, and then taking out the groundwater samples in the sampling containers.
Preferably, in the second step, the plurality of sampling containers are arranged at intervals along the depth direction of the borehole, and more than two sampling containers are arranged at the same depth position in the borehole.
A device for a negative pressure method for stratified sampling of underground water comprises,
the probe mainly comprises a shell and sampling barrels, the shell is internally divided into a plurality of sampling areas along the axial direction of the shell, a plurality of sampling barrels are arranged in each sampling area, the lower end of each sampling barrel is connected with a normally-closed two-way electromagnetic valve, and the upper end of each sampling barrel is provided with a pressure release valve;
the ground host is positioned on the ground and controls the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed;
and the cable winch is respectively connected with the probe and the ground host, and is used for sending the probe into positions with different depths in the drill hole and transmitting output signals of the ground host.
Furthermore, the surface of shell is opened there is the operation groove, the pressure release mouth end of relief valve and the water sample access & exit end of normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve are located the operation inslot.
Further, inside and the axis direction along the shell of probe divide into more than three sampling area, and the sampling bucket quantity in the different sampling area is the same.
Further, the shell cross-section is circular, the sample bucket is cylindrical barrel, is provided with four sample buckets in the same sample region, and four sample buckets are about shell cross-section centre of a circle symmetric distribution, and four sample buckets all are tangent with the shell.
Furthermore, the probe also comprises a wire tube, a cable connector and a base, wherein the wire tube is positioned at the axis position in the shell, the cable connector is positioned at the top end of the shell and is connected with a cable winch, and the base is positioned at the bottom end of the shell.
Further, the inner chamber of the sampling barrel is connected with a normally-closed two-way electromagnetic valve through a communicating pipe, and the water sample outlet end of the normally-closed two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with another communicating pipe.
Further, the ground host computer includes display screen, battery, electronic transfer switch, singlechip, control panel, cable junction socket and switch, and wherein electronic transfer switch is multiple-way transfer switch, controls opening and closing of a plurality of normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valves respectively.
According to the principle of a negative pressure method, the invention is used for manufacturing the device and a testing and sampling process, a plurality of sampling barrels of the instrument probe are vacuumized at one time, and the probe is put into and taken out of the well at one time, so that the sampling work of a plurality of layers with different depths can be completed.
The technical concept of the invention comprises a sampling method flow and an instrument device, wherein the instrument device comprises a probe, a ground host, a cable winch, a cable connecting line and a sampling drill hole. The sampling method flow is realized by controlling sampling management software.
The probe comprises a sampling barrel, a normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve, an operating tank, a pressure release valve, a water sample outlet end, a communicating pipe, a cable connector and a base.
The sampling barrel is composed of a plurality of layers of high-strength glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the plurality of sampling barrels on each layer are symmetrically arranged; a pressure relief valve is arranged at the upper part of the barrel, so that sampling is facilitated; the lower part of the barrel is hermetically connected with a normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve, one outlet of the electromagnetic valve is communicated to the bottom of the sampling barrel through one communicating pipe, the other outlet of the electromagnetic valve is exposed in the operating tank through the other communicating pipe, and cable pipes for connecting cables are arranged at the centers of the sampling barrels and the electromagnetic valves.
Wherein, the side of the probe is circumferentially provided with an operation groove, and a communicating pipe of the pressure relief pipe and the electromagnetic valve is exposed at the operation groove, so that the operations of vacuumizing and sampling are convenient; the upper part of the probe is provided with a cable connector socket which is convenient to be connected with a cable; the lower part of the probe is provided with a base for protecting the probe.
The ground host for control consists of a display screen, a battery, an electronic change-over switch, a singlechip, a control panel, a cable connecting socket, a power switch and control sampling management software installed on the singlechip.
The electronic change-over switch is a path change-over switch, and the on-off of each electromagnetic valve in the host and the probe is controlled by the single chip microcomputer control module.
The control sampling management software comprises probe depth recording, engineering parameter setting, evacuation management setting, sampling operation control and information storage.
The cable winch is used for controlling the ascending or descending of the probe in the drill hole, supplying power to the probe, transmitting the measurement information of the probe and controlling the operation of the probe, and comprises an orifice pulley bracket, a cable winch and a drawing cable.
Compared with the prior art, the core of the invention lies in that a control management program which is compiled, a manufactured negative pressure sampling probe and a ground control host are manufactured by adopting a negative pressure principle, the control management program is installed in the ground host, and the main flow comprises parameter setting, probe sampling bottle vacuumizing, controlling the probe to reach different sampling depths from shallow to deep, respectively controlling the probe to sample and transferring and storing a ground sample; the negative pressure sampling probe comprises a plurality of sampling buckets of multilayer, and every sampling bucket design has a normal close formula solenoid valve, is controlled the solenoid valve through multichannel electronic control switch by the ground host computer. The invention can design and manage a plurality of sample bottles in one probe at one time, can finish the sampling work of a plurality of depth points (for example, 16) every time the well is lowered and lifted, and has the advantages of accurate sampling, high working efficiency and low cost.
By adopting the principles and the method flow of the negative pressure suction, the multi-way switch control and the automatic sampling management of the invention and matching with the negative pressure sampling device of the invention, the invention has the advantages of accurate multi-layer sampling parameters, high working efficiency and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a Beller tube sampling principle of one of the existing groundwater sampling methods;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sampling principle of a portable sampling pump in one of the existing groundwater sampling methods;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system components and sampling probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the layered sampling process of the negative pressure method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a table of setting the parameters of the items when the negative pressure method of the present invention is used for layered sampling;
FIG. 6 is a table showing the parameters of the apparatus for stratified sampling by the negative pressure method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a menu of sampling operations when the negative pressure method of the present invention is used for layered sampling;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a probe of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the evacuation of the sampling barrel of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the negative pressure sampling of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic drawing of sample removal according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a land-based host according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the probe;
in the figure: 1, a probe; 2, a ground host; 3, a cable winch; 4, connecting a cable; 5, drilling a hole; 6, sampling a barrel; 7 a normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve; 8, operating the slot; 9, a pressure relief valve; 10 water sample inlet and outlet; 11 communicating pipes; 12 a wire tube; 13 cable connectors; 14 a base; 15 a vacuum pump; 16 display screen; 17 a battery; 18 electronic change-over switch 19 single chip; 20, controlling the board and storing; 21 a cable socket; 22 power switch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, a testing apparatus and a method for in-situ detecting compressive strength of an extruded side wall according to the present embodiment are shown, the method includes: cleaning the probe sampling barrel 6, the sample storage bottle → the sampling barrel 6 is vacuumized → the instrument is installed → setting parameters → lowering the probe from the hole → reaching the first sampling point → selecting the sampling barrel 6 → pressing the sampling key to sample → reaching the next sampling point → repeating the sampling operation until all the sampling points are finished → lifting the probe to the ground → respectively transferring the water samples in the sampling barrels into the corresponding sample bottles.
Wherein, according to the sample requirement when instrument probe 1 washs, wash communicating pipe 11 and the outside of 1 shell of probe, the appearance bottle of depositing that probe 1 inside sampling bucket 6, normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7, relief valve 9, water sample entry and exit end 10 correspond.
Wherein, when 1 evacuation of probe, be connected probe 1 with ground host computer 2 through cable connection 4 of cable winch 3, open ground host computer 2's switch 22, start instrument parameter setting menu, according to fig. 5, fig. 6 sets up every sampling bucket 6 respectively, be connected every sampling bucket 6 in operating groove 8 on vacuum pump 15 and the probe 1 according to fig. 10, it is in the closed condition to keep relief valve 9, open normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7, start sampling bucket 6 that corresponds on vacuum pump 15 and the software interface and take out the vacuum, until reaching the design vacuum degree, close normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7 on this sampling bucket 6.
Wherein, the instrument installation connection is installed according to the figure 3, the cable winch 3 of the drill hole 5 is installed on the drill hole, the pulley wire outlet groove is aligned with the center position of the hole, and the ground host machine 2 is arranged near the cable winch 3. The probe 1 is connected with a ground host 2 through an orifice cable winch 3, a cable joint of the orifice cable winch 3 is inserted into an insertion hole at the top end of the probe 1, and a spiral ring is fastened and connected; one end of a cable connection short wire of the probe 1 is connected with a cable jack of a cable winch 3 at an orifice, and the other end of the cable connection short wire is connected with a wiring port of the ground host 2.
When the device is used for detecting and drilling, the parameters of the vacuum and depth positions of each channel of the inspection instrument are normal, a test program in the ground host machine 2 is started, the probe 1 is hung at the position below the hole opening through a cable winch 3 pulley, a hole depth recorder is adjusted to be matched with the actual position, and the probe 1 is respectively stopped at the position needing sampling from top to bottom according to the sequence of the sampling points designed in advance.
Wherein, during the sampling operation, open the sample menu of ground host computer 2 test interface, as shown in figure 7, select sampling bucket 6 in the corresponding probe 1 of current depth layer, according to the sample switch, ground host computer 2 opens corresponding normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7 according to the time length of presetting voluntarily, and during water got into sampling bucket 6 voluntarily, after accomplishing the sample, normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7 self-closing. The cable winch 3 is operated to raise or lower the probe 1 to the next sampling point and the sampling operation is repeated until all the depth layers are sampled.
Wherein, when the water sample is transferred, behind probe 1 promoted ground, keep probe 1 upright, link to each other every sample bottle and corresponding sampling bucket 6, open the relief valve 9 at sampling bucket 6 top, operation ground host computer 2 makes corresponding normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve 7 be in the open mode, and the water in the sampling bucket 6 is automatic to flow into in the sample bottle, until accomplishing the transfer of the water sample in all sampling buckets 6.
The sampling method flow in the embodiment includes a negative pressure adsorption method for manufacturing the sampling probe 1, the sampling control ground host 2, and a sampling design control management method flow.
In the method for negative pressure suction sampling, a sealed container is connected with a normally closed electromagnetic valve to form the method, before use, a channel switch of the electromagnetic valve is opened, a vacuum pump is used for pumping the container to 0.1 degree vacuum, then the electromagnetic valve is closed to enable the container to be in a relative vacuum state, when sampling is carried out, the container in the vacuum state is placed in an underwater water taking layer, the switch of the electromagnetic valve is operated to be opened, water rapidly enters the container under the action of negative pressure, and then the electromagnetic valve is operated to be closed to finish sampling.
The flow of the negative pressure sampling operation control management method is carried out by depending on the method and the device, and the main principle and the flow can refer to the attached figure 3 and the attached figure 4 in the specification.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 14, the negative pressure sampling probe 1 is a main assembly of the present invention, and the probe 1 mainly comprises a housing, a sampling barrel 6, a normally closed two-way solenoid valve 7, an operating tank 8, a pressure release valve 9, a water sample inlet and outlet port 10, a communicating pipe 11, a cable pipe 12, a cable connector 13 and a base 14.
The ground host 2 for negative pressure sampling control is composed of a display screen 16, a battery 17, an electronic change-over switch 18, a single chip microcomputer 19, a control panel 20, a cable connection socket 21 and a power switch 22, as shown in the attached figure 13 of the specification. The control manager may implement the functionality of figures 5, 6 and 7 of the specification.
As an option in this embodiment, the negative pressure sampling probe 1 includes a housing, a sampling barrel 6, a normally closed two-way solenoid valve 7, an operation tank 8, a pressure release valve 9, a water sample inlet and outlet port 10, a communicating pipe 11, a cable pipe 12, a cable connector 13, and a base 14. Wherein, sampling bucket 6 comprises 16 high strength glass steel altogether by 4 layers, and every layer is 4 constitutes, and 4 sampling buckets 6 are tangent with the cross-section circle of shell about shell central axis symmetrical arrangement and all. The upper part of the sampling barrel 6 is provided with a pressure release valve 9, so that sampling is facilitated; the lower part of the sampling barrel 6 is hermetically connected with a normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve 7, the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve 7 is communicated to the bottom of the sampling barrel 6 through a communicating pipe 11, and the other outlet is connected with the other communicating pipe 11 to be used as a water sample outlet and inlet end 10 and is exposed out of the operating tank 8. The centers of the 4 sampling barrels 6 and the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve 7 are provided with cable tubes 12 for connecting cables. The shell of the probe 1 is cylindrical, the side surface of the shell is provided with an operation groove 8 in the directions of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, and a pressure relief pipe 9 and a water sample inlet and outlet end 10 of a communicating pipe 11 corresponding to the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve 7 are exposed, so that the vacuum pumping and sampling operations are convenient; the upper part of the probe 1 is provided with a socket of a cable joint 13, which is convenient for connecting with a cable; the lower part of the probe 1 is provided with a base 14 for protecting the probe 1.
The ground host 2 mainly comprises a display screen 16, a battery 17, an electronic change-over switch 18, a singlechip 19, a control panel 20, a cable connecting socket 21, a power switch 22 and control sampling management software installed on the singlechip. The electronic change-over switch 18 is a 16-way change-over switch, and a control module of the singlechip 19 controls the opening and closing of the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valves 7 in the ground host 2 and the probe 1. The control sampling management software comprises probe depth recording, engineering parameter setting, evacuation management setting, sampling operation control and information storage.
The above description and examples are only intended to illustrate the technical idea of the invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a groundwater stratified sampling's negative pressure method which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
manufacturing a groundwater sampling container, and vacuumizing and sealing the sampling container on the ground;
step two, placing all the sampling containers into the drilled hole at one time;
step three, opening at least one sampling container at a preset depth position to enable the groundwater at the depth to enter the sampling container under the action of pressure difference, and then closing the sampling container;
moving the sampling container to the next preset depth position, and repeating the step three to finish the groundwater sampling at different depth positions;
and fifthly, lifting all the sampling containers to the ground, and then taking out the groundwater samples in the sampling containers.
2. The sub-atmospheric method of stratified sampling of groundwater as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the plurality of sampling containers are arranged at intervals along the depth direction of the drill hole, and more than two sampling containers are arranged at the same depth position in the drill hole.
3. A device for a negative pressure method for stratified sampling of underground water is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the probe (1), the said probe (1) is mainly made up of outer casing and sampling barrel (6), the outer casing is inside and divided into a plurality of sampling areas along the axial direction of the outer casing, there are a plurality of sampling barrels (6) in each sampling area, the underpart of each sampling barrel (6) is connected with a normal close type two-way electromagnetic valve (7), the upper end of each sampling barrel (6) has a relief valve (9);
the ground host (2) is positioned on the ground and controls the normally closed two-way electromagnetic valve (7) to be opened and closed;
the cable winch (3) is respectively connected with the probe (1) and the ground host (2), and the cable winch (3) is used for sending the probe (1) into positions with different depths in the drill hole and transmitting output signals of the ground host (2).
4. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: the surface of shell is opened there is operation groove (8), the pressure release mouth end of relief valve (9) and water sample entry and exit end (10) of normal close formula bi-pass solenoid valve (7) are located operation groove (8).
5. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: inside and dividing into more than three sample area along the axis direction of shell of probe (1) shell, sample bucket (6) quantity in the different sample areas is the same.
6. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: the shell cross-section is circular, sample bucket (6) are cylindrical barrel, are provided with four sample buckets (6) in the same sample region, and four sample buckets (6) are all tangent with the shell about shell cross-section centre of a circle symmetric distribution, and four sample buckets (6).
7. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: the probe (1) further comprises a wire tube (12), a cable connector (13) and a base (14), wherein the wire tube (12) is located at the axis position in the shell, the cable connector (13) is located at the top end of the shell and connected with the cable winch (3), and the base (14) is located at the bottom end of the shell.
8. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: the inner chamber of the sampling barrel (6) is connected with a normally-closed two-way electromagnetic valve (7) through a communicating pipe (11), and a water sample outlet end (10) of the normally-closed two-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with another communicating pipe (11).
9. The apparatus of claim 3 for sub-atmospheric pressure sampling of subterranean water samples, wherein: the ground host (2) comprises a display screen (16), a battery (17), an electronic change-over switch (18), a single chip microcomputer (19), a control panel (20), a cable connecting socket (21) and a power switch (22), wherein the electronic change-over switch (18) is a multi-way change-over switch and respectively controls the opening and closing of a plurality of normally closed type two-way electromagnetic valves (7).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114166580A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院大学 | Underground layered water gas collecting device and method and well pipe cleaning method |
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| CN114166580A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院大学 | Underground layered water gas collecting device and method and well pipe cleaning method |
| CN114166580B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-12-26 | 中国科学院大学 | Underground layered water vapor collecting device, collecting method and well pipe cleaning method |
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