CN111608711A - A resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod, which comprises an anchor rod body, a casing, a movable nesting push plate, an expanding shell plate and an anchor head shell; the casing is sleeved outside the anchor rod body, A grouting channel filled with grout is formed between the casing and the bolt body; the bolt body at one end of the grouting channel is provided with a grouting plug and a nut, and the other end of the grouting channel is connected with the shell of the anchor head, the The movable nested push plate is arranged inside the anchor head shell, and the cavity formed between the movable nested push plate and the anchor head shell is communicated with the grouting channel; the outer end of the movable nested push plate is provided with The shell expansion plate, at least two expansion shell plates can slide along the chute provided in the shell of the anchor head. The bolt expansion shell anchor head can slide at the same time under the push of the movable nut at the anchor head, so that the support resistance is increased, and the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock can be effectively restrained without causing loosening pressure.

Description

A resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, in particular to a resistance-increasing, shell-deforming anchor rod.

Background technique

Shotcrete support is an extremely important support method in the process of roadway construction. With the continuous development of deep mining projects and deep tunnels, in the process of tunnel construction, the geological conditions that the tunnel passes through are becoming more and more complex, and the surrounding rock often exhibits the characteristics of large deformation, and the stability of the surrounding rock gradually becomes prominent. come out. Under the pressure of the surrounding rock, the existing bolt is not easy to adapt to the large deformation of the surrounding rock and is broken and fails, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also fails to achieve the expected supporting effect. In order to adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, the bolt should have a certain deformation capacity. Under the condition of controllable deformation, the surrounding rock can release part of the deformation energy, and the bolt can provide a certain support resistance to limit the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock.

The deformable bolts that have been developed so far all have problems such as complex technical requirements, high production costs, and single functionality, which greatly restrict the popularization and application of deformable bolts in the field of geotechnical engineering support.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a resistance-increasing and shell-deforming anchor rod with composite functions. The anchor rod is simple in principle, simple in operation and high in feasibility. The bolt expansion shell anchor head can slide at the same time under the push of the movable nut at the anchor head, so that the support resistance is increased, and the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock can be effectively restrained without causing loosening pressure.

To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

A resistance-increasing and shell-expanding deformation anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, a casing, a movable nesting push plate, a shell-expanding plate and an anchor head shell;

The casing is sleeved on the outside of the bolt body, and a grouting channel filled with grout is formed between the casing and the bolt body; the bolt body at one end of the grouting channel is provided with a grouting plug and a nut. The other end of the slurry channel is connected with the anchor head shell, the movable nested push plate is arranged inside the anchor head shell, and the cavity formed between the movable nest push plate and the anchor head shell is connected to the grouting The channel is connected; the outer end of the movable nested push plate is provided with a shell expansion plate; when the slurry stopper is forced to squeeze the casing, the slurry can enter the cavity of the anchor head shell along the casing, push the movable nested push plate to move, and Drive the shell expansion plate to slide along the chute and open.

Optionally, a backing plate is provided between the nut and the pulp stopper.

Optionally, the sleeve is made of radially deformable material.

Optionally, the casing is a threaded steel casing.

Optionally, the chute is arranged at the end of the bolt body, the end of the bolt body penetrates into the shell of the anchor head, and the movable nesting push plate is sleeved on the end of the bolt body.

Optionally, the shell expansion plate is further connected with a shell expansion plate slider, the end of the shell expansion plate is hinged with the movable nesting push plate, and the shell expansion plate slider cooperates with the sliding groove to slide.

Optionally, the outer side of the shell expansion plate is rib-shaped, and the plate body has an inclination.

Optionally, the shell expansion plate slider has a hook-shaped structure, and the hook-shaped structure is connected with the chute.

Optionally, there are at least two sliding shell expansion plates.

Optionally, the main body of the outer wall of the rock bolt is of a smooth structure, and the end of the rock bolt body provided with the slurry stopper is of a threaded structure.

Compared with the prior art, the characteristics of the present invention are:

The bolt is grouted through the external threaded casing, so that the threaded casing is in close contact with the surrounding rock, and the thread increases the resistance of the support. At the same time, during the grouting process, the grout enters the anchor head and pushes the sliding nesting plate, so that the expanded shell plate at the anchor head can be effectively opened and in close contact with the surrounding rock at the anchor head at the same time, increasing the support at the anchor head. resistance, avoiding the defect that the traditional shell bolt and shell expansion plates cannot be opened at the same time. When the grout solidifies, the volume increases and the threaded casing is deformed, which can make the casing in close contact with the surrounding rock, but the bolt body is a smooth steel material, which can produce relative deformation with the grouting body and further release the surrounding rock. The pressure of the rock to achieve the effect of deformation.

The anchor rod is equipped with resistance increasing components at the anchor head and the anchor rod body, which greatly improves the anchorage of the anchor rod. Part of the pressure of the surrounding rock is released, so that the deformation energy of the surrounding rock is dissipated to a certain extent. At the same time, the support resistance provided by the bolt is also increasing, which can effectively restrain the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock and avoid loosening pressure. The bolt is simple in principle, has many functions, and is highly feasible.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the rod body section of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view at the anchor head of the present invention;

4 is a sectional view at the anchor head of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Bolt body; 2. Nut; 3. Backing plate; 4. Slurry stopper; 5. Slurry; 6. Casing; Slot; 10. Anchor head shell; 11. Shell plate slider.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a resistance-increasing and expanding-shell deformation anchor includes a bolt body 1, a fixed nut 2, a steel backing plate 3, a slurry stopper 4, a threaded steel sleeve 6, a movable nesting push plate 7, and a sliding plate. Slot 9, and shell expansion plate 8.

The threaded steel casing 6 is sleeved on the outside of the bolt body 1, and a grouting channel filled with slurry 5 is formed between the threaded steel casing 6 and the bolt body 1; the bolt body 1 at one end of the grouting channel is A grouting stopper 4 and a nut 2 are arranged on it, the other end of the grouting channel is connected to the anchor head shell 10, the movable nesting push plate 7 is arranged inside the anchor head shell 10, and the movable nesting push plate 7 is connected to the anchor head shell 10. The cavity formed between the anchor head shells 10 is communicated with the grouting channel; the outer end of the movable nesting push plate 7 is provided with a shell expansion plate 8, and at least two expansion shell plates 8 can be arranged along the anchor head. The chute 9 in the housing 10 slides.

2 . The resistance-increasing and shell-deforming anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein a backing plate 3 is arranged between the nut 2 and the slurry stopper 4 . 3 .

The tail of the bolt body 1 passes through the threaded sleeve 6 and the slurry stopper 4, and is tightened by the nut 2, so that the backing plate 3 and the wall are closely attached together; the threaded sleeve 6 is communicated with the anchor head, and the slurry can enter along the sleeve. In the anchor head; after the slurry enters the anchor head, the movable nesting plate 7 can be pushed to slide outward, and the movable nesting plate 7 is pushed by the slurry to push the shell expansion plate 8 to slide open in the chute 9.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the bolt body 1 is made of a smooth round material and is wrapped by a threaded sleeve 6 and a slurry material 5 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the shell expansion plate 8 and the chute 9 are wrapped in the anchor head shell 10 before sliding.

As shown in FIG. 4, the slurry material 5 can enter the inside of the anchor head through the threaded sleeve 6, and push the movable nesting plate 7 to slide outward; the movable nesting plate 7 and the chute 9 can slide relatively under the push of the slurry; The shell plate slider 11 can slide along the chute 9, and stops sliding after reaching the top of the chute 9 due to its hook-like structure; the shell plate 8 can be effectively opened at the same time and tightly combined with the surrounding rock at the anchor head to increase resistance.

The whole part of the bolt body is inserted into the grouting steel casing, the head of the casing is connected with the anchor head, and the casing is provided with threads. When it is in contact with the surrounding rock, the support resistance can be increased. Grouting, when the grout solidifies, according to the different materials, the bolt body can produce relative dislocation to achieve the effect of giving pressure. In addition, the grout can enter the anchor head along the casing and push the movable nesting at the anchor head. The plate lifts the expansion shell plate, so that the expansion shell plate slides along the chute and opens, and the tail of the casing is connected with the slurry stopper. After grouting is completed, it can be blocked by the slurry stopper, and the bolt passes through the slurry stopper. It is connected with the steel backing plate, and is tightened by the nut at the end of the bolt body, so that the backing plate is close to the rock wall. The rod body and the grouting sleeve form an expanding shell deformation anchor that can increase resistance.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the present invention also has further limited technical scheme:

Further, the threaded sleeve is partially communicated with the anchor head and has a certain radial deformation capability. When the volume of the slurry becomes larger after solidification, it can radially deform as the volume of the new grouting material increases.

Further, when the movable nesting plate is grouting, it can move outward along the chute to push the shell expansion plate to slide.

Further, the outer side of the shell expansion plate is rib-shaped, and the plate body has a certain inclination, which can slide in the chute through its own slider, and after reaching the top of the chute, because the slider is hook-shaped, the shell can be expanded. The board is stuck on top.

Further, the tail of the backing plate is provided with an external thread connected with the nut.

As a preferred embodiment, a backing plate 3 is provided between the nut 2 and the stopper 4 . The bolt body 1 is made of deformable material, the main body of the outer wall of the bolt body 1 is a smooth structure, and the end of the bolt body 1 provided with the slurry stopper 4 is a threaded structure.

As a preferred embodiment, the chute 9 is arranged at the end of the bolt body 1 , the end of the bolt body 1 passes through the inside of the anchor head housing 10 , and the movable nesting push plate 7 is sleeved on the end of the bolt body 1 .

As a preferred embodiment, the shell expansion plate 8 is also connected with a shell expansion plate slider 11 , the end of the shell expansion plate 8 is hinged with the movable nesting push plate 7 , and the shell expansion plate slider 11 cooperates with the sliding groove 9 to slide. . A sawtooth structure is provided on the outer side of the shell expansion plate 8 . The shell expansion plate slider 11 has a hook-shaped structure, and the hook-shaped structure is connected with the chute 9 .

Grouting can be carried out through the threaded steel casing 6, and the slurry can enter the anchor head through the threaded steel casing 6, and the solidified volume of the slurry increases, so that the threaded casing is deformed accordingly, thereby increasing the support resistance of the bolt system.

During grouting, the grout can enter the anchor head through the grouting channel formed by the casing and the anchor head, and the push and extrusion of the grout makes the movable nesting push plate 7 move outward. The two shell expansion plates 8 can be made to open outward while sliding in the chute 9 .

After the expansion shell 8 is completed, the grouting slurry can flow out through the chute 9 and anchor the anchor head.

After the grouting is completed, the slurry condenses into a solid, and the slurry and the outer threaded steel pipe 7 are in close contact with the rock mass. When the bolt is stressed, the bolt body 1 can be relatively deformed, so that part of the pressure of the surrounding rock is released.

When in use, firstly, the bolt body 1 is combined with the threaded casing 6 and the anchor head, put into the pre-drilled hole, and then grouted through the threaded casing 6, and the grouting enters the anchor head shell 10 through the threaded casing 6, and the movable The nesting plate 7 slides outward, and at the same time, the shell expansion plate 8 also slides and opens along the chute 9. After the expansion shell plate 8 slides and opens, the slurry can flow out from the chute 9 to anchor the anchor head section. When the overflow starts from the previously drilled hole, install the slurry stopper 4 on the threaded casing 9 to seal the slurry. After the slurry is initially set, a steel backing plate 3 can be installed at the tail of the rod body 1, and finally tighten the nut 2 to make the gasket The plate 3 is in close contact with the roadway wall.

The principle of the present invention is to optimize the traditional shell-expanding bolt to solve the defect that the shell-expanding plates cannot slide simultaneously, and at the same time, a resistance-increasing and pressure-relieving component is arranged on the rod body to form a resistance-increasing variable system. When the bolt is installed, through grouting, the expanding shell plate 8 can be effectively opened and closely contacted with the surrounding rock at the anchor head under the push of the grout to increase the anchoring force at the anchor head. At the same time, the volume of the slurry increases after solidification, so that the threaded casing 6 is radially deformed, and the support resistance is increased again. In addition, since the anchoring section of the rod body is made of a smooth round material, it can be displaced and deformed relative to the threaded casing 6 and the slurry solidified body 5, thereby releasing part of the deformation energy of the surrounding rock, dissipating the deformation energy of the surrounding rock, and effectively inhibiting the deformation of the surrounding rock. large deformation of the surrounding rock.

The resistance-increasing shell deformation bolt can greatly improve the support resistance of the bolt system, and at the same time, it can also release part of the energy of the surrounding rock deformation, which can effectively suppress the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock without causing loosening pressure.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod is characterized in that: comprise anchor rod body, casing, movable nesting push plate, shell expansion plate and anchor head shell; The casing is sleeved on the outside of the bolt body, and a grouting channel filled with grout is formed between the casing and the bolt body; the bolt body at one end of the grouting channel is provided with a grouting plug and a nut. The other end of the slurry channel is connected with the anchor head shell, the movable nested push plate is arranged inside the anchor head shell, and the cavity formed between the movable nest push plate and the anchor head shell is connected to the grouting The channel is connected; the outer end of the movable nested push plate is provided with a shell expansion plate; when the slurry stopper is forced to squeeze the casing, the slurry can enter the cavity of the anchor head shell along the casing, push the movable nested push plate to move, and Drive the shell expansion plate to slide along the chute and open. 2 . The resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein a backing plate is arranged between the nut and the slurry stopper. 3 . 3 . The resistance-increasing and expanding-shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein the sleeve is made of radially deformable material. 4 . 4 . The resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein the casing is a threaded steel casing. 5 . 5 . The resistance-increasing and shell-deforming anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein the chute is arranged at the end of the anchor rod body, and the end part of the anchor rod body penetrates into the shell of the anchor head, and the movable nesting is carried out. 6 . The push plate is sleeved on the end of the bolt body. 6. A resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell expansion plate is also connected with an expansion shell plate slider, and the end of the expansion shell plate is hinged with the movable nesting push plate, The sliding block of the shell expansion plate cooperates with the sliding groove to slide. 7 . The resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 6 , wherein the outer side of the shell shell plate is rib-shaped, and the plate body has an inclination. 8 . 8 . The resistance-increasing shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 6 , wherein the shell-expanding plate slider has a hook-shaped structure, and the hook-shaped structure is connected with the chute. 9 . 9 . The resistance-increasing expansion-shell deformation anchor rod according to claim 1 , wherein: there are at least two expansion-shell plate sliders. 10 . 10 . The resistance-increasing and expanding-shell deformation anchor according to claim 1 , wherein the main body of the outer wall of the anchor is a smooth structure, and the end of the anchor body provided with the slurry stopper is a threaded structure. 11 .

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