CN111606596A - Concrete anti-cracking and self-repairing composition and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Concrete anti-cracking and self-repairing composition and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111606596A CN111606596A CN202010529015.2A CN202010529015A CN111606596A CN 111606596 A CN111606596 A CN 111606596A CN 202010529015 A CN202010529015 A CN 202010529015A CN 111606596 A CN111606596 A CN 111606596A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials. The invention discloses a concrete anti-cracking and self-repairing composition, which is prepared by uniformly mixing graphene oxide, bacillus koshii bacterial liquid, calcium lactate/calcium formate, sodium silicate and nutrient solution to obtain a composition slurry. The composition slurry was mixed with concrete in a ratio of 1: and 2.8-4, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the concrete with the self-repairing capability. The graphene oxide in the invention can form a barrier layer with a wide range in a cement matrix, increase the transmission resistance and the tortuosity of a permeation path, narrow the pore structure of the cement matrix material, improve the crack resistance of concrete, provide a viscous site for bacillus koehenii and reduce the death rate of bacteria in a strong alkali environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a concrete anti-cracking and self-repairing composition and a preparation and use method thereof.
Background
Concrete is the most widely used engineering material in the world at present, but because of its low elastic modulus and tensile strength, it often produces some micro cracks on the surface, which may adversely affect the durability of concrete, especially greatly reduce the impermeability, chlorine ion corrosion resistance and carbonization resistance of concrete. Therefore, the crack resistance of the concrete is enhanced, the cracks on the surface of the concrete are repaired in time, harmful substances can be effectively prevented from invading the concrete, and the service life of the concrete structure is prolonged.
At present, common methods comprise a surface sealing method, a leakage stoppage method, a structure reinforcing and reinforcing method and the like, but the surface sealing method cannot penetrate into the inside of a crack and is not suitable for the crack with obvious water pressure; common grouting and caulking materials used in the plugging method are organic materials such as epoxy resin, polyurethane and the like, have different thermal expansion coefficients and poor compatibility with cement-based materials, and in addition, most organic chemical materials are volatile, and released gas is harmful to human bodies and the environment; the structure reinforcing method is complex in operation and high in cost.
The microorganism-induced calcium carbonate deposition (MICP) technology is used as a brand-new technology for applying to concrete repair. The microorganism induced adhesion is to improve the strength and durability of the cement-based material by utilizing the gelling property of calcium carbonate generated by microorganism induction. The method mainly comprises the following three schemes of 1) crack repair, namely filling cracks with bacterial liquid, culture medium and filling aggregate (sand, polyurethane, silica gel and the like), filling cracks with the filling material and generated calcium carbonate crystals under the action of MICP (micro-encapsulation-polystyrene), partially recovering the strength of concrete and improving the durability, wherein the scheme has the defects that manual repair in the later period is still needed, and time and labor are consumed; 2) microorganism concrete, namely add the bacterium liquid while mixing the concrete, in order to produce MICP in the internal pore space of concrete, improve tensile strength and durability under the situation that the compressive strength does not reduce, the defect of this scheme is that the alkalinity of the concrete will influence the activity of the bacterium, make it in the dormant state for a long time, the survival and development ability of the spore will be reduced gradually as the age of the concrete gets longer and the pore space becomes smaller, the survival time is less than four months, the microorganism will be decomposed after dying, have an influence on the concrete strength, such as patent 201810076569.4 discloses the technical scheme there are above-mentioned technical defects; 3) the self-repairing or self-healing concrete is characterized in that bacteria and a culture medium are made into dry microbial capsules, the dry microbial capsules are mixed when the concrete is mixed, the bacteria start to be in a dormant state, once the concrete cracks, oxygen and moisture enter, the bacteria can restore the metabolism function, carbon dioxide is generated by breathing, and the carbon dioxide reacts with calcium ions in a cement-based material in a humid environment to generate calcium carbonate so as to fill the cracks; in addition, even if the microbial capsules are not broken, the microbial capsules are activated when being mixed with water, and a large amount of water can make the microbes continuously act until the culture medium in the microbial capsules is exhausted during mixing of the concrete, so that the subsequent repairing effect is lost, for example, the patent with the application number of '201210580233.4' discloses a composite capsule underground structure concrete self-repairing system internally provided with aerobic microbes, which comprises a concrete matrix, wherein the concrete matrix is internally provided with microbial composite capsules, and the microbial composite capsules are internally coated with the aerobic microbes and the culture medium suitable for the growth of the aerobic microbes. The intelligent repair of concrete can be realized without an additional culture medium. The mechanism is that cracks penetrate through the composite capsules, microorganisms are released to generate metabolism, carbon dioxide is generated, and the carbon dioxide and calcium ions react to form calcium carbonate to repair the cracks, and the method has the following defects: firstly, the strength of concrete is influenced after the culture medium and the microorganisms in the composite capsule are released; secondly, the capsule can be used only once and cannot continuously repair cracks at the same position of the concrete; thirdly, the outer surface of the capsule is of a smooth structure, the bonding property with concrete is poor, and water is easy to wash away after flowing in, so that the repairing effect cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to improve the crack resistance of concrete and the viability of microorganisms in the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition and a preparation and use method thereof. The invention aims to overcome the defects of weak crack resistance of concrete and the microbial self-repairing technology of the concrete in the prior art. According to the invention, a barrier layer with a wide range is formed in a cement matrix by using Graphene Oxide (GO), so that the transmission resistance is increased, the tortuosity of a permeation path is increased, the pore structure of the cement matrix is narrowed, the transmission of gas, fluid and ions in the cement matrix is effectively inhibited, and the crack resistance of concrete is improved. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional structure that Graphene Oxide (GO) lamellar structure interconnect formed and is similar to the sponge can catch the chloride in its structure to restrict it and permeate in the cement matrix, weaken the reinforcing bar corrosion in the concrete that leads to because of chloride ion erosion. On the other hand, bacillus kohlii and calcium lactate or calcium formate are added into concrete as deposition precursors, and the sponge-like three-dimensional structure of GO can provide adhesive sites for bacteria, so that the survival rate of the bacteria in a strong alkali environment is improved. When cracks appear in the concrete curing process, under the action of oxygen and moisture, the bacteria in a dormant state are activated, calcium carbonate is generated by the induction of the metabolic respiration of the bacteria, the cracks between the concrete are filled, and the self-repairing effect of the concrete is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1-2 parts of graphene oxide
40-50 parts of bacillus kefir bacterial liquid
4-5 parts of calcium lactate/calcium formate
1-3 parts of nutrient solution
8-15 parts of sodium silicate.
Preferably, the concentration of the bacillus kefir bacterial liquid is 2.5 × 109-3×109cells/ml。
Preferably, the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing sodium aspartate with the concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, sodium glutamate with the concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml and sodium gluconate with the concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials for later use;
2) propagating bacillus kefir in a shaking table, and centrifuging to obtain bacillus kefir bacterial liquid;
3) uniformly mixing the graphene oxide, the bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, the calcium lactate/calcium formate and the sodium silicate with the nutrient solution according to the proportion to obtain the composition slurry.
The graphene oxide inhibits the transmission of gas, fluid and ions in a cement matrix, reduces the corrosion of reinforcing steel bars in concrete and improves the anti-cracking capacity of the concrete; the sponge-like graphene oxide three-dimensional structure can provide a sticky site for bacillus kohlrabi, and the death rate of bacteria in a strong alkali environment is reduced.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition, which comprises the following steps:
1) stirring concrete, and blending the pH range of the concrete to 11-12;
2) the slurry of the composition prepared above was mixed with concrete in a ratio of 1: 2.8-4, and fully and uniformly mixing.
When the microorganism is in a dry, anoxic condition, it will be in a dormant mode in a spore state. When cracks appear in the concrete curing process, under the action of oxygen and moisture, the dormant bacillus is activated, calcium carbonate is generated through the induction of the metabolism function of the bacillus, and the concrete cracks are repaired.
The principle of the invention for automatically repairing the crack is as follows: graphene Oxide (GO) can form a barrier layer with a wide range in a cement matrix, the transmission resistance and the tortuosity of a permeation path are increased, the pore structure of the cement matrix is narrowed, the transmission of gas, fluid and ions in the cement matrix is effectively inhibited, the corrosion of steel bars in concrete caused by chloride ion corrosion is weakened, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved. When cracks appear in the concrete curing process, the aerobic bacillus kefir is activated by air in the cracks to ensure that the metabolism becomes vigorous, and a large amount of CO is gradually generated in the process2CO produced in an alkaline environment2With OH in humid air–Reaction to HCO3 –The surface of the bacterial cell is negatively charged and can adsorbCa2+And as nucleation sites, HCO under alkaline conditions3 –With Ca2+Continued reaction to form CaCO3Crystals are filled in cracks to finally achieve the purpose of self-repairing, and artificial Ca supply is not needed in the process2+Ions, only the existence of organic calcium source substrate is needed, the bacillus koehrli can automatically convert organic calcium into inorganic calcium (CaCO)3)。
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the existing concrete self-repairing method only aims at the later-stage repairing of concrete with cracks, but does not obviously improve the anti-cracking capability of the concrete. According to the invention, the graphene oxide can form a barrier layer with a wide range in a cement matrix, the transmission resistance and the tortuosity of a permeation path are increased, the pore structure of the cement-based material is narrowed, the transmission of gas, fluid and ions in the cement matrix is inhibited, the corrosion of a steel bar in concrete caused by chloride ion corrosion is weakened, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved.
2. In the existing concrete self-repairing method, due to the physicochemical particularity of bacteria, the growth and the propagation of the bacteria are inhibited under the strong alkali environment in the concrete. According to the invention, the sponge-like graphene oxide three-dimensional structure can provide a viscous site for bacillus kohlrabi, and the death rate of bacteria in a strong alkali environment is reduced.
3. When the concrete cracks, water in the concrete or water in the external environment reacts with sodium silicate to generate calcium silicate hydrate, and the calcium carbonate crystal generated by microorganisms is combined to achieve the technical effect that 1+1 is larger than 2, so that the cracks are automatically repaired, and manpower and financial resources for repairing the cracks are saved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Weighing 1 part of graphene oxide, 40 parts of bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, 4 parts of calcium lactate, 1 part of nutrient solution and 8 parts of sodium silicate for later use; wherein the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing sodium aspartate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, sodium glutamate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml and sodium gluconate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml (the nutrient solution mainly provides nutrition for bacillus koehenii, the ratio of the raw materials is within the technical scheme of the invention, and the following embodiment is the same as embodiment 1);
2) propagating the bacillus kefir in a shaking table, and centrifuging to obtain a bacillus kefir bacterial liquid with the bacterial liquid concentration of 2.5 × 109cells/ml；
3) Uniformly mixing the graphene oxide, the bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, the calcium lactate/calcium formate and the sodium silicate with the nutrient solution according to the proportion to obtain the composition slurry.
4) Stirring the concrete, and blending the pH range of the concrete to be 11; the slurry of the composition prepared above was mixed with concrete in a ratio of 1: 2.8 weight ratio, and mixing well.
Example 2
1) Weighing 2 parts of graphene oxide, 50 parts of bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, 5 parts of calcium lactate/calcium formate, 3 parts of nutrient solution and 15 parts of sodium silicate for later use; wherein the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing sodium aspartate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, sodium glutamate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml and sodium gluconate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml (the nutrient solution mainly provides nutrition for bacillus koehenii, the ratio of the raw materials is within the technical scheme of the invention, and the following embodiment is the same as embodiment 1);
2) propagating the bacillus kefir in a shaking table, and centrifuging to obtain a bacillus kefir bacterial liquid with the bacterial liquid concentration of 3 × 109cells/ml；
3) Uniformly mixing the graphene oxide, the bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, the calcium lactate/calcium formate and the sodium silicate with the nutrient solution according to the proportion to obtain the composition slurry.
4) Stirring the concrete, and adjusting the pH range of the concrete to be 12; the slurry of the composition prepared above was mixed with concrete in a ratio of 1: 4, and fully and uniformly mixing.
Example 3
1) Weighing 1.5 parts of graphene oxide, 45 parts of bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, 4.5 parts of calcium lactate/calcium formate, 2 parts of nutrient solution and 11 parts of sodium silicate for later use; wherein the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing sodium aspartate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, sodium glutamate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml and sodium gluconate with a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml (the nutrient solution mainly provides nutrition for bacillus koehenii, the ratio of the raw materials is within the technical scheme of the invention, and the following embodiment is the same as embodiment 1);
2) propagating the bacillus kefir in a shaking table, and centrifuging to obtain a bacillus kefir bacterial liquid with the bacterial liquid concentration of 2.8 × 109cells/ml；
3) Uniformly mixing the graphene oxide, the bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, the calcium lactate/calcium formate and the sodium silicate with the nutrient solution according to the proportion to obtain the composition slurry.
4) Stirring the concrete, and blending the pH range of the concrete to be 11; the slurry of the composition prepared above was mixed with concrete in a ratio of 1: 3.5 weight ratio, and mixing well.
Example 4 Effect detection
Preparing a test block: the concrete prepared in examples 1 to 3 and patent 201810076569.4 were prepared into rectangular blocks of 4X 10cm, and the following tests were carried out;
and (3) detecting the survival rate of the microorganisms: taking part of the test block just after pressing the test block, and checking the survival rate of microorganisms;
concrete blocks of examples 1-3 and comparative examples were subjected to durability tests with reference to GB/T50082-2009, test method standards for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete, and test results are specifically set forth in Table 1.
And (3) concrete repair condition observation: carrying out pressure damage on the test block to generate cracks, placing the test block in an environment with the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 15 ℃ for 24 hours, then cutting and decomposing the test block, and checking the repairing condition of the test block by using an SEM (scanning Electron microscope);
and (3) observing the repairing times of the concrete: carrying out pressure damage on the test block for many times to generate cracks, placing the test block in an environment with the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 15 ℃ for 24 hours, then cutting and decomposing the test block, and checking the repairing condition of the test block by using an SEM (scanning electron microscope) until the repairing volume of the cracks is lower than 50%;
taking out and drying at 30 ℃, observing whether crystals are generated on the surface, and repeating for multiple times until no crystals are generated.
TABLE 1
The experimental conditions, temperature and humidity of the detection simulate the underground environment so as to truly reflect the repairing effect of the technical scheme of the invention, and as can be seen from table 1, the addition of the graphene does not affect the compressive strength of the concrete, and the 50% repairing rate of the concrete reaches 4 times, in practical application, the concrete of the invention can replace manual work to solve the problem of concrete cracks within a long time, and the repairing force is good and can reach 99%.
Further, as can be seen from table 1, the concrete of the comparative example has limited strain survival time, limited repairing times, unsatisfactory repairing effect and certain influence on compressive strength; the technical scheme of the invention ensures the survival rate of microorganisms, has good repairing effect on cracked concrete, and can reinforce the concrete while repairing, thereby further enhancing the strength of the concrete.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1-2 parts of graphene oxide
40-50 parts of bacillus kefir bacterial liquid
4-5 parts of calcium lactate/calcium formate
1-3 parts of nutrient solution
8-15 parts of sodium silicate.
2. The concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the bacillus koehrlich bacterial liquid is 2.5 × 109-3×109cells/ml。
3. The concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing sodium aspartate at a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, sodium glutamate at a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml, and sodium gluconate at a concentration of 0.12-0.13 g/ml.
4. The preparation method of the concrete anti-cracking and self-repairing composition is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) weighing the raw materials of claims 1-3 for later use;
2) propagating bacillus kefir in a shaking table, and centrifuging to obtain bacillus kefir bacterial liquid;
3) uniformly mixing the graphene oxide, the bacillus keiskei bacterial liquid, the calcium lactate/calcium formate and the sodium silicate with the nutrient solution according to the proportion to obtain the composition slurry.
5. The use method of the concrete crack-resistant and self-repairing composition is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) stirring concrete, and blending the pH range of the concrete to 11-12;
2) mixing the slurry of the composition prepared according to claim 4 with concrete in a ratio of 1: 2.8-4, and fully and uniformly mixing.
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| CN112897978A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-04 | 长安大学 | Self-healing waterproof anti-permeability mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN113185230A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 郑州大学 | Microorganism positioning self-repairing concrete material suitable for tension zone of structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113307655A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-27 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Cement-based external curing and internal protecting material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115427371A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-12-02 | 京畿大学校产学协力团 | Cross-section repair material based on halophilic slime forming bacteria |
| CN115819057A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-21 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Precast pile and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN112897978A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-04 | 长安大学 | Self-healing waterproof anti-permeability mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN113185230A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 郑州大学 | Microorganism positioning self-repairing concrete material suitable for tension zone of structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113185230B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-08-16 | 郑州大学 | Microorganism positioning self-repairing concrete material suitable for tension zone of structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115819057A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-21 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Precast pile and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200901 |