CN111604004A

CN111604004A - Method for producing pellets from phosphorus coal

Info

Publication number: CN111604004A
Application number: CN202010454748.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭军
Original assignee: Jiaxing University
Current assignee: Jiaxing University
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-26
Also published as: CN111604004B

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing phosphate coal briquettes, and belongs to the technical field of chemical industry. With the phosphorite powder, the silica powder, coke powder and water proportional mixing, send into and extrude in the bucket, extrude the silo with the mixture under the effect of extruding the screw rod in, the scraper blade on the material rotary drum is scraped in the screw rod drive will extrude the material that the hole came out and divide disconnected formula and scrape into the silo, under the air-blower effect, the air current has the silo bottom to get into in the silo, and heat along with, the waste gas that carries the powder gets into the breather pipe by the bull stick, get into the heating intracavity at last, the internal gas pressure of heating risees, partial waste gas gets into in the silo once more, make the rotatory phosphorite blank piece from top to bottom roll carry out preliminary drying through the circulation of waste gas, collect the blank that the surface was dried and leveled at the flitch. The invention has the advantages that the deformation resistance of the blank in the sintering process can be improved by pre-drying the blank, and the like.

Description

Method for producing pellets from phosphorus coal

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and relates to a method for preparing phosphate coal balls.

Background

Yellow phosphorus is an important basic industrial raw material, is mainly used for preparing phosphoric acid, phosphide, phosphate and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of fertilizers, feed industry, food processing industry, building industry, medicines, electronic industry and the like.

The main method for industrially producing yellow phosphorus at present is an electric furnace method, namely, phosphate ore, silica and coke are put into an electric furnace according to a certain proportion and granularity, a reduction reaction is carried out at the high temperature of 1400 ℃, phosphorus steam and furnace dust are cooled and washed together to obtain a yellow phosphorus product, the phosphate ore, the silica, the coke and water are mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare a spherical blank, then the spherical blank is put into the electric furnace for sintering, a certain amount of water is required to be added for bonding each mixture for balling the blank, but the blank is bonded with each other under the action of extrusion and weighing before being placed in the electric furnace for burning in the discharging link of the balling preparation process, so that the full reaction or the non-uniform reaction cannot be realized in the sintering process, the goal of balling preparation originally aims at freeing the gaps among the granules in the sintering process to be beneficial to the uniform heating and the full reaction, but the blanks are bonded with each other due to mutual extrusion, the reaction efficiency and the heat utilization rate are greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing phosphorus coal balls, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is to improve the sintering efficiency by pre-drying blanks.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method for producing pellets from phosphorus coal is characterized by comprising phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment, wherein the phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment comprises a base, a feeding hopper, an extrusion barrel, a scraping rotary drum and a speed reducing motor, an outer shield is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extrusion barrel and is fixedly arranged on the base, the scraping rotary drum is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducing motor, a shell of the speed reducing motor is fixedly arranged on the outer shield, the scraping rotary drum is in a conical shape with a small diameter end upwards, the outer shield is sleeved outside the scraping barrel, a plurality of scraping plates are uniformly arranged on the outer wall surface of the scraping barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper end of the outer shield extends into the extrusion barrel, a plurality of extrusion holes which correspond to the scraping plates one by one are formed in the outer shield, and the extrusion holes are communicated with an inner cavity of the extrusion barrel and an inner cavity of the outer shield; the upper end of the scraping rotary drum is fixedly provided with an extrusion screw rod positioned in the extrusion barrel, and the feeding hopper is fixed on the extrusion barrel; a trough is formed between adjacent scrapers, and the lower end of the trough is provided with a material receiving plate fixed on the base.

The scraper blade is a straight plate with a notch on the inner wall surface.

Scrape and have a heating chamber in the material rotary drum, the fixed return pipe that is provided with on gear motor's the output shaft, the return pipe links to each other with scraping that the material rotary drum is fixed, it is connected with a cavity rotary drum of fixing on the frame to rotate on the return pipe, the cavity rotary drum is linked together with the return pipe, a breather pipe is connected to the cavity rotary drum, the breather pipe communicates with each other with the top of oversheath, scrape the bottom of material rotary drum and set up the overflow hole with each silo one-to-one, the upper end and the oversheath top of silo communicate with each other, the heating intracavity is provided with the heater, be provided with the air-blower that enters the heating intracavity with the steam.

The air blower comprises a valve body fixed at the upper end of the extrusion barrel, a valve cavity is formed in the valve body, the top of the outer protective cover is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the rotating rod is a hollow tube, the top of the rotating rod is connected with an impeller, the impeller is located in the valve cavity, the extrusion screw rod is fixed on the rotating rod, and the valve cavity is connected with a vent pipe.

The impeller comprises a plurality of blades which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the rotating rod, the blades comprise a connecting part and a negative pressure part, the connecting part is located and fixed on the outer wall surface of the rotating rod, the negative pressure part is located at the top of the rotating rod, and the outer end of the connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer end of the negative pressure part.

The return pipe is sleeved with a filter screen.

The top of silo is sealed to the outer shroud. The seal is not sealed, but is matched with the notch of the scraper, so that the blank does not contact with the outer protective cover, and the guide to the air flow is increased, so that the air flow mostly circulates from bottom to top in the trough.

The breather pipe is provided with a drying box which is filled with oil drying agent. The air flow in the vent pipe is dehydrated through the replaceable solid desiccant, the phenomenon that the humidity of the air entering the heating cavity is too high to influence the drying effect of the blank is avoided, and the desiccant is silica gel drying particles reduced by shells.

The method for preparing the phosphate coal balls comprises the following steps: with the phosphorite powder, the silica powder, coke powder and water proportional mixing, send into and extrude in the bucket, extrude the silo with the mixture under the effect of extruding the screw rod in, the scraper blade on the material rotary drum is scraped in the screw rod drive will extrude the material that the hole came out and divide disconnected formula and scrape into the silo, under the air-blower effect, the air current has the silo bottom to get into in the silo, and heat along with, the waste gas that carries the powder gets into the breather pipe by the bull stick, get into the heating intracavity at last, the internal gas pressure of heating risees, partial waste gas gets into in the silo once more, make the rotatory phosphorite blank piece from top to bottom roll carry out preliminary drying through the circulation of waste gas, collect the blank that the surface was dried and leveled at the flitch.

The material is discharged from the extrusion holes after being extruded by the extrusion screw, is cut into various material grooves under the action of the scraper blade to form a gyroscope to enter the material grooves, and a blank is compacted and rounded under the guiding action of the material grooves and falls into the material receiving plate from the bottom of the material grooves.

Because the phosphorus-coal mixture is cut under the effect of the scraper blade and is made to enter each trough in sequence, blanks in the troughs are not extruded mutually, the scraper drum is heated by the heater in the heating cavity, and the outer surfaces of the blanks contacting the outer wall of the scraper drum are switched continuously in the process that the blanks roll down, so that the outer wall surfaces of the blanks are dried to be not easy to deform in the forming process, namely, the blanks have certain anti-deformation bearing capacity integrally.

The circulation of waste gas adopts the air-blower to go on, and the air-blower drives the impeller rotation for the bull stick, makes the waste gas in the bull stick inhaled to the valve body at bull stick top, and the lamellar structure of the connection position slope of blade can be crowded the waste gas in the valve chamber in the breather pipe, and the negative pressure portion of each blade forms a turbine that is located the bull stick top, carries out the suction to the waste gas in the bull stick, makes it get into the valve chamber, has the clearance between the top of bull stick and the top wall of valve chamber.

Waste gas has two routes, one is that the fresh air of silo bottom gets into the silo top, then gets into the breather pipe through the bull stick, get into the heating intracavity by back flow and filter screen at last, another is the heating intracavity by the heating, the waste gas of pressure boost, the bottom of getting into the silo through the overflow hole, then mix with the gas in the first route, so circulation, not only filter waste gas, make the filter residue no longer get into the circulation, and the waste heat that makes waste gas has carried out the recycle, can not cause waste gas emission's problem.

This equipment is accomplished the material through a gear motor and is extruded, scrape the material, balling-up, exhaust gas circulation, has simplified the structure greatly, and the circulation of waste gas has not only been collected the residue, and waste gas preheats and has been recycled, mainly still carries out predrying to the blank, can not take place great deformation when making the blank fall into on connecing the flitch, is carrying out the electric stove sintering in-process, and a certain amount piles up and can not cause mutual bonding yet, and homogeneity, the high efficiency to the sintering reaction all have very big positive effect.

The rotating speed of the speed reducing motor corresponds to the ball making efficiency, the exhaust gas circulation efficiency can be matched with the ball making efficiency, the uniform particle size of the blank can be ensured, and the drying degree of the blank is uniform.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present ball manufacturing apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the scraper drum.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the blower.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.

In the figure, 1, a machine base, 11 and an extrusion barrel; 12. an outer shroud; 13. a reduction motor; 14. feeding into a hopper; 2. a scraping rotary drum; 21. a squeegee; 22. an extrusion orifice; 23. a trough; 24. a material receiving plate; 25. a heating cavity; 31. a return pipe; 32. a hollow drum; 33. a breather pipe; 34. an overflow aperture; 41. a valve body; 42. a valve cavity; 43. a rotating rod; 44. an impeller; 45. a connecting portion; 46. a negative pressure part; 5. filtering with a screen; 6. a heater; 7. extruding a screw; 8. and (7) a drying box.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the apparatus for producing pellets from phosphorus coal comprises a base 1, a feeding hopper 14, an extruding barrel 11, a scraping rotating barrel 2 and a speed reducing motor 13, wherein an outer shield 12 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extruding barrel 11, the outer shield 12 is fixed on the base 1, the scraping rotating barrel 2 is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducing motor 13, a shell of the speed reducing motor 13 is fixed on the outer shield 12, the scraping rotating barrel 2 is conical with a small diameter end facing upwards, the outer shield 12 is sleeved outside the scraping barrel, a plurality of scraping plates 21 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall surface of the scraping barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper end of the outer shield 12 extends into the extruding barrel 11, a plurality of extruding holes 22 corresponding to the scraping plates 21 one by one are arranged on the outer shield 12, and the extruding holes 22 communicate the inner cavity of the extruding barrel 11 and the inner; the upper end of the scraping rotary drum 2 is fixedly provided with an extrusion screw 7 positioned in an extrusion barrel 11, and a feeding hopper 14 is fixed on the extrusion barrel 11; a trough 23 is formed between adjacent scrapers 21, the lower end of the trough 23 is provided with a material receiving plate 24 fixed on the base 1, and the scrapers 21 are flat plates with notches on the inner walls.

Scrape and have a heating chamber 25 in the material rotary drum 2, the fixed return pipe 31 that is provided with on the output shaft of gear motor 13, the return pipe 31 links to each other with scraping the material rotary drum 2 is fixed, it fixes the cavity rotary drum 32 on frame 1 to rotate to be connected with on the return pipe 31, cavity rotary drum 32 is linked together with the return pipe 31, a breather pipe 33 is connected to cavity rotary drum 32, breather pipe 33 communicates with each other with the top of outer shield 12, scrape the bottom of material rotary drum 2 and set up the overflow hole 34 with each silo 23 one-to-one, the upper end of silo 23 communicates with each other with the outer shield 12 top, heating intracavity is provided with heater 6, be provided with on the breather pipe 33 with the air-.

The blower includes fixing the valve block 41 on the upper end of extruding the barrel 11, there is a valve pocket 42 in the valve block 41, the top of the outer cover 12 rotates and connects with a rotary rod 43, the rotary rod 43 is the hollow tube, the top of the rotary rod 43 connects an impeller 44, the impeller 44 locates in valve pocket 42, extrude the screw 7 to fix on rotary rod 43, the valve pocket 42 connects the breather pipe 33.

The impeller 44 comprises a plurality of blades which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the rotating rod 43, each blade comprises a connecting part 45 and a negative pressure part 46, the connecting parts are located on the outer wall surface of the rotating rod 43, the negative pressure parts are located at the top of the rotating rod 43, and the outer ends of the connecting parts 45 are fixedly connected with the outer ends of the negative pressure parts 46.

The return pipe 31 is provided with a filter screen 5, the outer shield 12 seals the top of the trough 23, and the sealing is not a seal but a notch of the scraper 21, so that the blank does not contact the outer shield 12, and the guiding of the air flow is increased, and the air flow mostly flows from bottom to top in the trough 23.

The ventilation pipe 33 is provided with the drying box 8, the drying box 8 is filled with the oil drying agent, the air flow in the ventilation pipe 33 is dehydrated through the replaceable solid drying agent, the phenomenon that the drying effect of the blank is influenced due to overhigh humidity of the gas entering the heating cavity 25 is avoided, and the drying agent is silica gel drying particles reduced by shells.

The method for preparing the pellets by the outside drying method of the phosphorus coal for producing the yellow phosphorus comprises the following steps: the phosphorite powder, the silica powder, the coke powder and water are mixed in proportion and sent into an extrusion barrel 11, the mixture is extruded into a trough 23 under the action of an extrusion screw 7, a material extruded out of an extrusion hole 22 is scraped into the trough 23 in a split mode by a scraper 21 on a scraping rotary drum 2 driven by a speed reduction motor 13, the air flow enters the trough 23 from the bottom of the trough 23 under the action of an air blower and is heated along with the heating, waste gas carrying the powder enters a vent pipe 33 from a rotary rod 43 and finally enters a heating cavity 25, the air pressure in the heating cavity 25 rises, part of the waste gas enters the trough 23 again, the phosphorite blanks rolling from top to bottom are subjected to primary drying through the circulation of the waste gas, and blanks with dried and leveled outer surfaces are collected at a material receiving plate 24.

After being extruded by the extrusion screw 7, the materials are discharged from the extrusion holes 22, are cut into the material grooves 23 under the action of the scraper 21 to form the gyroscope to enter the material grooves 23, and are compacted and rounded under the guiding action of the material grooves 23, and fall onto the material receiving plate 24 from the bottoms of the material grooves 23.

Because the phosphorus-coal mixture is cut under the action of the scraper 21 and sequentially enters the material grooves 23, blanks in the material grooves 23 are not extruded mutually, the scraper drum 2 is heated by the heater 6 in the heating cavity 25, and the outer surfaces of the blanks contacting the outer wall of the scraper drum 2 are switched continuously in the blank rolling process, so that the outer wall surfaces of the blanks are dried to be not easy to deform in the forming process, namely the blanks have certain deformation-resistant bearing capacity integrally.

The circulation of the exhaust gas is performed by a blower, the blower is a rotating rod 43 driving an impeller 44 to rotate, so that the exhaust gas in the rotating rod 43 is sucked into a valve body 41 at the top of the rotating rod 43, the connecting parts 45 of blades are of inclined sheet structures, the exhaust gas in the valve cavity 42 can be squeezed into the vent pipe 33, the negative pressure parts 46 of the blades form a turbine positioned above the rotating rod 43, the exhaust gas in the rotating rod 43 is sucked out and enters the valve cavity 42, and a gap is formed between the top of the rotating rod 43 and the top wall surface of the valve cavity 42.

Waste gas has two routes, one is that the fresh air of silo 23 bottom gets into silo 23 top, then gets into breather pipe 33 through bull stick 43, get into in the heating chamber 25 by back flow 31 and filter screen 5 at last, another is heated in the heating chamber 25, the waste gas of pressure boost, get into the bottom of silo 23 through overflow hole 34, then mix with the gas in the first route, so circulation, not only filter waste gas, make the filter residue no longer get into the circulation, and the waste heat that makes waste gas has carried out the recycle, can not cause the problem of exhaust emission.

This equipment is accomplished the material through a gear motor 13 and is extruded, scrape the material, the balling-up, exhaust gas circulation, the structure has been simplified greatly, the circulation of waste gas has not only been collected the residue, waste gas preheats and has been recycled, mainly still carry out predrying to the blank, can not take place great deformation when making the blank fall into on connecing flitch 24, carrying out the electric stove sintering in-process, a certain amount piles up and can not cause mutual bonding yet, homogeneity to sintering reaction, the high efficiency all has very big positive effect.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for producing pellets from phosphorus coal is characterized by comprising phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment, wherein the phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment comprises a base (1), a feeding hopper (14), an extruding barrel (11), a scraping rotary drum (2) and a speed reducing motor (13), an outer protective cover (12) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extruding barrel (11), the outer protective cover (12) is fixed on the base (1), the scraping rotary drum (2) is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducing motor (13), a shell of the speed reducing motor (13) is fixed on the outer protective cover (12), the scraping rotary drum (2) is in a conical shape with a small diameter end upwards, the outer protective cover (12) is sleeved outside the scraping barrel, a plurality of scraping plates (21) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall surface of the scraping barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper end of the outer protective cover (12) extends into the extruding barrel (11), a plurality of extruding holes (22) corresponding to the scraping plates (21) in a one-to-one mode are formed in the outer protective cover (12), the extrusion hole (22) is communicated with the inner cavity of the extrusion barrel (11) and the inner cavity of the outer shield (12); an extrusion screw (7) positioned in an extrusion barrel (11) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the scraping rotary drum (2), and the feeding hopper (14) is fixed on the extrusion barrel (11); a trough (23) is formed between the adjacent scrapers (21), and the lower end of the trough (23) is provided with a material receiving plate (24) fixed on the base (1); a heating cavity (25) is arranged in the scraping rotary drum (2), a return pipe (31) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the speed reducing motor (13), the return pipe (31) is fixedly connected with the scraping rotary drum (2), the return pipe (31) is rotatably connected with a hollow rotary drum (32) fixed on the machine base (1), the hollow rotary drum (32) is communicated with the return pipe (31), the hollow rotary drum (32) is connected with a vent pipe (33), the vent pipe (33) is communicated with the top of the outer shield (12), the bottom of the scraping rotary drum (2) is provided with overflow holes (34) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the material grooves (23), the upper end of the trough (23) is communicated with the top of the outer protective cover (12), a heater (6) is arranged in the heating cavity (25), the ventilating pipe (33) is provided with a blower for blowing hot air in the outer shield (12) into the heating cavity (25);

the process for preparing the pellets from the phosphorus coal comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of mixing phosphorite powder, silica powder, coke powder and water in proportion, sending the mixture into an extrusion barrel (11), extruding the mixture into a material groove (23) under the action of an extrusion screw (7), driving a scraper (21) on a scraping material rotary drum (2) by a speed reduction motor (13) to scrape the material out of an extrusion hole (22) into the material groove (23) in a breaking mode, feeding the material into the material groove (23) by an air blower under the action of air flow, feeding the air flow into the material groove (23) from the bottom of the material groove (23), heating along with the air flow, feeding waste gas carrying powder into a vent pipe (33), finally feeding the waste gas into a heating cavity (25), raising the pressure in the heating cavity (25), feeding part of the waste gas into the material groove (23) again, drying the phosphorite blank rolling from top to bottom through the circulation of the waste gas, and collecting blanks with the outer surfaces being dried and.

2. The method for producing briquettes made of phosphorous coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scraper (21) is a flat plate having a notch on the inner wall.

3. The method for producing the phosphorus coal briquette according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the blower comprises a valve body (41) fixed at the upper end of the extrusion barrel (11), the valve body (41) is internally provided with a valve cavity (42), the top of the outer shield (12) is rotatably connected with a rotating rod (43), the rotating rod (43) is a hollow tube, the top of the rotating rod (43) is connected with an impeller (44), the impeller (44) is positioned in the valve cavity (42), the extrusion screw (7) is fixed on the rotating rod (43), and the valve cavity (42) is connected with the vent pipe (33).

4. A method for producing briquettes with phosphorus coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein the impeller (44) comprises a plurality of blades uniformly distributed on the rotating rod (43) in circumferential direction, the blades comprise a connecting part (45) fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod (43) and a negative pressure part (46) at the top of the rotating rod (43), and the outer end of the connecting part (45) is fixed with the outer end of the negative pressure part (46).

5. A process for pelletizing phosphoric coal as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a screen (5) is placed around the return pipe (31).

6. The method for producing briquettes made of phosphorous coal as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer shield (12) closes the top of the trough (23).

7. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a drying box (8) is arranged on the ventilation pipe (33), and the drying box (8) is filled with oil drying agent.