CN111603277A

CN111603277A - Humerus distal prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN111603277A
Application number: CN202010470404.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史春宝; 康树靖; 荀世界; 王非凡; 王振国; 许奎雪
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-28
Filing date: 2020-05-28
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-28
Also published as: CN111603277B

Abstract

The invention provides a humerus distal prosthesis which comprises a humerus distal main body and a broach, wherein the humerus distal main body is manufactured by a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, the shape of the humerus distal main body is the same as the actual shape of a humerus distal end, the humerus distal main body can be ideally attached to a radius and an ulna olecranon, the broach part is machined by a forging titanium alloy machine according to the diameter of a humerus shaft of a patient and can be inserted into a medullary cavity, and the humerus distal main body and the broach are tightly connected through a cone matching structure. The humerus far-end main body is provided with a suture hole, and the intramedullary nail is provided with an anti-rotation groove, so that the stability of the prosthesis can be further improved. The humerus distal prosthesis provided by the invention can ideally replicate the physiological radian of the humerus of a patient so as to be accurately matched with other joints, has good stability in a human body, and is more favorable for recovering the function of an elbow joint.

Description

Humerus distal prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of artificial prosthesis replacement, in particular to a humerus distal prosthesis.

Background

The distal humerus, the radius and the ulna form an elbow joint, which plays an important role in the physiological functions of the human body. To avoid amputation due to humeral malignancy or comminuted fracture, distal humeral prosthesis replacement is often used in the treatment of such patients. Because the elbow joint is frequently used in daily life and is easy to bear force, the elbow joint has higher requirements on the aspects of the fitting property, the stability, the biocompatibility, the strength and the like of the humerus distal prosthesis, the radius and the ulna in practice.

A distal humeral prosthesis commonly used in the prior art is shown in fig. 1. The prosthesis comprises a humerus pulley prosthesis 101, a humerus capitulum prosthesis 102, a forked prosthesis handle 103, an internal epicondyle upright handle 104 and an external epicondyle force column handle 105, wherein the forked prosthesis handle 103 is connected with the internal epicondyle force column handle 104 and the external epicondyle force column handle 105, the internal epicondyle force column handle 104 is connected with the humerus pulley prosthesis 101, the external epicondyle force column handle 105 is connected with the humerus capitulum prosthesis 102, and the humerus pulley prosthesis 101 is connected with the humerus capitulum prosthesis 102. The prosthesis further comprises a prosthesis handle fixing shaft 106 and a prosthesis handle fixing screw 107, wherein the prosthesis handle fixing shaft 106 and the prosthesis handle fixing screw 107 are arranged on the fork-shaped prosthesis handle 103, and the prosthesis handle fixing shaft 106 and the prosthesis handle fixing screw 107 are matched to prevent the fork-shaped prosthesis handle 103 from sliding off. An ulna prosthesis pulley attachment part 108 and a radius prosthesis pulley attachment part 109 are further included, and the radius prosthesis pulley attachment part 109 is arranged on the radial side of the rotating shaft of the humerus pulley prosthesis 101 and the humerus capitulum prosthesis 102.

However, the actual shape of the distal prosthesis and the distal humerus has a large error, and the distal prosthesis cannot be well attached to the radius and the olecranon fossa, so that the elbow joint movement recovery effect is poor; if the data of the humerus distal anatomy of a single patient is collected and three-dimensionally reconstructed, the production and processing efficiency is low, on one hand, the cost is high, on the other hand, the prosthesis cannot be rapidly provided, and the optimal treatment period is delayed. In addition, current upper arm bone distal end prosthesis only relies on structure 6 and structure 7 cooperation to prevent the landing of forked prosthesis handle, does not have the design structure of fixity in the position of cutting the bone, and stability effect is poor after implanting the human body, and forked prosthesis handle intensity is not good moreover, also breaks easily, and the security is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a distal humerus prosthesis.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a humerus distal prosthesis comprises a humerus distal main body and a broach, wherein the humerus distal main body is manufactured by a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, has the same shape as the actual shape of the humerus distal end, and is used for being tightly attached to the olecranon fossa of radius and ulna; the medullary needle is manufactured by machining, the diameter of the medullary needle is matched with that of the humerus shaft of a patient and is used for being inserted into a medullary cavity; the main body and the broach are firmly connected through a cone-fit structure.

The humerus distal end body can be made of titanium alloy powder through a 3D printing technology; the broach can be machined from forged titanium alloy and standardized, namely a plurality of specifications are prepared in advance, and the corresponding specification is selected according to the diameter of the humeral shaft of a patient; the humerus distal end main body is provided with a cylindrical connecting part, the intramedullary needle is provided with a corresponding intramedullary needle connecting part, the cylindrical connecting part and the intramedullary needle connecting part are connected in a cone matching mode and are connected into a whole through a frustum-shaped convex cone and a frustum-shaped concave cone.

Furthermore, the humerus distal main body is personalized, namely, the humerus distal main body is completely designed according to the physiological shape of the healthy humerus distal end of the patient so as to ensure the humerus distal main body to be perfectly fused with other joints; in order to improve the processing efficiency, the cylindrical connecting part is standardized, namely a plurality of specifications are prepared in advance, the corresponding specifications are selected according to the shapes of the radius head and the olecranon fossa of the patient, and then the individualized humerus distal end main body is processed on the basis of the cylindrical connecting part.

Furthermore, a plurality of suture holes are arranged on two sides of the humerus far-end main body, the diameter of each suture hole is 2-4mm, soft tissues and the prosthesis can be sutured together through the suture holes, and the stability of the prosthesis implanted in the human body at the early stage is enhanced.

Furthermore, the surface of the humerus far-end main body is polished, so that the abrasion resistance of the humerus far-end pulley is improved, and the elbow joint function can be better recovered.

Furthermore, the broach is provided with anti-rotation grooves, so that the broach is prevented from rotating, and the stability of the prosthesis implanted in the human body in the early stage is enhanced.

Furthermore, Ti + Hydroxyapatite (HA) active substances are sprayed on the surface of the broach, and bone grows into the active substances along with the gradual increase of time, so that the stability and the biocompatibility of the prosthesis are enhanced.

Based on the technical scheme, the humerus distal prosthesis provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the main body part of the humerus distal prosthesis is manufactured by a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, so that the physiological radian of the distal humerus of a patient can be copied indiscriminately, the humerus distal prosthesis can be better matched with other joints, and the elbow joint function can be recovered;

(2) the humerus distal prosthesis comprises a standardized broach part, which not only ensures good matching with the radius and the ulna, but also effectively shortens the production cycle of the prosthesis and enables patients to be treated in time;

(3) after the bone is cut, the intramedullary pin is inserted into the medullary cavity to fix the prosthesis, so that the stability of the prosthesis is improved, the surface of the intramedullary pin is sprayed with active substances, the biocompatibility is good, and bone grows into the active substances along with the gradual increase of time, so that the stability is further improved;

(4) the two sides of the humerus far-end main body are provided with suture holes, and the intramedullary pin is provided with an anti-rotation groove, so that the stability of the prosthesis at the early stage of implantation is obviously improved.

(5) The prosthesis uses titanium alloy material, and is implanted into a human body, so that the load of the human body is greatly reduced, and the prosthesis has a light and reasonable integral structure, is not easy to break and has good safety.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art distal humeral prosthesis;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a distal humeral prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a main body portion of a distal humerus prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a broach of a distal humeral body in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the humerus distal end body 1, the suture hole 2, the broach 3, the cylindrical connecting part 11, the anti-rotation groove 31, the broach connecting part 32, the humerus trochlear prosthesis 101, the humerus capitula prosthesis 102, the forked prosthesis handle 103, the medial epicondyle upright handle 104, the lateral epicondyle force column handle 105, the prosthesis handle fixing shaft 106, the prosthesis handle fixing screw 107, the ulnar prosthesis pulley attachment 108, and the radius prosthesis pulley attachment 109.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

Fig. 2 shows a specific embodiment of the distal humerus prosthesis of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the distal humerus prosthesis comprises a distal humerus body 1 and a broach 3. The humerus distal end body 1 and the intramedullary nail 3 are connected into a whole through a cone fitting structure.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the humeral distal body 1 has a cylindrical connection part 11, and the broach 3 has a broach connection part 32, which are connected by taper fitting, so as to form a complete humeral distal prosthesis. Specifically, the broach connecting portion 32 is a frustum-shaped convex cone, and the cylindrical connecting portion 11 is provided with a corresponding concave cone.

The distal humeral body 1 is made of titanium alloy powder by a 3D printing technique, and has the same shape as the actual shape of the distal humerus, and is used for close attachment to the olecranal fossa of the radius and ulna. Specifically, the process for manufacturing the distal humerus body 1 includes the following steps: firstly, according to CT data of a patient, three-dimensionally reconstructing a humerus far end by using a mimics software and a reverse principle; then mirror image is carried out according to the healthy side data, and printing is carried out through the 3D printing technology, so that the affected side humerus distal end of the patient can be recovered indiscriminately, and the individual customized humerus distal end prosthesis is realized.

In another embodiment, the cylindrical connecting portion 11 of the distal humerus body 1 is a prefabricated standard component, and can have a plurality of specifications, and the corresponding specification is selected according to the diameter of the humerus shaft of the patient and is manufactured into the distal humerus body 1 by a 3D printing technology on the basis of the corresponding specification, so that the processing efficiency is improved.

The broach 3 is machined from a forged titanium alloy for insertion into the medullary cavity. Specifically, the broach 3 is standardized, that is, a plurality of specifications are prepared in advance, the broach with the corresponding specification is selected according to the diameter of the humeral shaft of the patient, and the broach and the personalized or standardized humeral distal end main body are quickly combined into a humeral distal end prosthesis, so that the prosthesis can be implanted into the patient in time.

The two sides of the humerus far-end main body 1 are respectively provided with four suture holes 2, and the diameter of each suture hole 2 is 3 mm. The surface of the distal humerus body 1 is polished.

The surface of the broach 3 is also provided with anti-rotation grooves 31, which can prevent the broach from rotating after the broach 3 is inserted into the medullary cavity, and improve the stability of the initial implantation.

Ti + HA active substances are sprayed on the surface of the broach 3, and bone grows into the active substances along with the gradual increase of time, so that the stability and biocompatibility of the prosthesis are enhanced.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A distal humeral prosthesis, comprising:

a distal humeral body, which is manufactured by a three-dimensional reconstruction technique, has the same shape as the actual shape of the distal humerus, and is used for fitting the olecranon fossa of the radius and ulna; and

a broach, having a diameter matching that of the patient's humeral shaft, for insertion into the medullary cavity;

the humerus distal body and the broach are firmly connected by a taper structure.

2. The distal humeral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the distal humeral body is made from titanium alloy powder by a 3D printing technique and the broach is machined from forged titanium alloy.

3. The distal humerus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the distal humerus body has a cylindrical connection portion thereon, and the broach has a broach connection portion thereon, the cylindrical connection portion being in a tapered fit connection with the broach connection portion.

4. The distal humerus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical connection in the distal humeral body is standardized.

5. The distal humerus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the broach is standardized.

6. The distal humeral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a plurality of suture holes are provided on both sides of the distal humeral body, and the suture holes have a diameter of 2-4 mm.

7. The distal humerus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the surface of the distal humerus body is treated with a polishing process.

8. The distal humerus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the intramedullary nail is provided with an anti-rotation slot.

9. The distal humeral prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the broach surface is coated with a Ti + HA active substance.