CN111598429A - Method for evaluating construction operation effect of foaming agent - Google Patents

Method for evaluating construction operation effect of foaming agent Download PDF

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CN111598429A
CN111598429A CN202010399589.2A CN202010399589A CN111598429A CN 111598429 A CN111598429 A CN 111598429A CN 202010399589 A CN202010399589 A CN 202010399589A CN 111598429 A CN111598429 A CN 111598429A
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杜敬国
李泽坤
张卓旭
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Dazhao Technology Tangshan Co ltd
North China University of Science and Technology
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North China University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the construction operation effect of foaming agents, which comprises the steps of carrying out parallel experiments on different foaming agents, selecting indexes for evaluating the foam drainage gas production effect according to the characteristics of a foam drainage gas production well, constructing a foam drainage gas production effect evaluation index system according to the principle of combining qualitative and quantitative methods, considering the mutual relation among the evaluation indexes of the gas well drainage gas production effect, establishing a membership matrix by adopting a linear analysis method, determining the index weight by adopting an entropy method, calculating the comprehensive evaluation index of the gas well foam drainage gas production effect by combining a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, obtaining the evaluation level corresponding to each foaming agent according to the comprehensive evaluation index D of each foaming agent, and obtaining the construction operation effect of the different foaming agents, thereby obtaining the foaming agent with the optimal effect in the different foaming agents. The method of the invention can obtain more scientific, accurate and objective evaluation information.

Description

Method for evaluating construction operation effect of foaming agent
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of evaluating the effect of foaming agents, in particular to a method for evaluating the construction operation effect of a foaming agent.
Background
The drainage gas production is an important measure for solving the problem of excessive accumulated liquid or water production of a gas well shaft and a stratum near the bottom of the gas well and recovering the normal production of the gas well, and is used for improving the production efficiency in the production process of the gas well. The foaming agent plays a very important role in drainage gas production, different foaming agents are needed in different construction environments to achieve the optimal operation effect, and an evaluation method for the foaming agent construction operation effect is lacked in the industry, so that the foam drainage gas production needs to be researched and developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the working effect of a foaming agent in order to solve the problem that the prior art lacks a method for evaluating the working effect of the foaming agent in the construction process.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a method for evaluating the construction operation effect of a foaming agent comprises the following steps:
a, carrying out parallel experiments aiming at different foaming agents, wherein the following steps are carried out in each group of parallel experiments to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of the different foaming agents:
step 1, selecting n evaluation indexes delta u influencing the drainage and gas production effectsi，i＝1，2，…，n；
Step 2, corresponding to the relation between the comprehensive evaluation index D of the drainage gas production effect and the evaluation level, setting the comprehensive evaluation index D as m value intervals, vjThe median of the interval, j is 1, 2, …, m, from which the evaluation set V is determined1,v2,v3,…vm}；
Step 3, establishing a membership matrix R by adopting a linear analysis method:
first, each evaluation index is divided into m evaluation sections, and a level limit value a corresponding to the evaluation section of each evaluation index is setj，j＝1，2，…，m；
Then, the relative evaluation interval of each evaluation index is calculatedDegree of membership in the evaluation set
Figure BDA0002488920660000011
Further, a matrix formed by membership degrees, namely a fuzzy relation matrix R can be solved;
step 4, determining the weight W of each evaluation index by adopting an entropy method:
first, the membership degree calculated in step 3 is calculated
Figure BDA0002488920660000021
Is converted into a relative value, such that
Figure BDA0002488920660000022
Then normalization processing is carried out to obtain tij；
Then, the ith influence factor t under the jth evaluation interval is calculatedijThe proportion of the evaluation interval and the entropy value of the jth evaluation interval; further calculating the weight of each evaluation index, and then obtaining the weight W of each evaluation index;
step 5, obtaining a final evaluation vector S by adopting the (+,) operator fuzzy synthesis of each evaluation index weight W obtained in the step 4 and the fuzzy relation matrix R obtained in the step 3, and then calculating a comprehensive evaluation index D of the gas well foam drainage gas production effect by using the final evaluation vector S;
and b, obtaining the evaluation grade corresponding to each foaming agent according to the comprehensive evaluation index D of each foaming agent, and obtaining the construction operation effect of different foaming agents.
Thereby obtaining the most effective foaming agent among the different foaming agents in a.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is UT-11, FlorreaF579, FlorreaF581, FlorreaF571, FlorreaF520, FlorreaF550, FlorreaF515, MIBC, Aerofloroth 70, No. 2 oil, eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, Dow200, Dow250, TEB, BK201 or BK 204.
In the above-described embodiment, in the step 1, n is 4, and the evaluation indexes are daily gas generation rate Δ qgRate of change of daily output water Δ qwOil jacket differential pressure change rate delta P and daily foam drainage gas production operationThe cost deltac.
In the above technical solution, in the step 2, m is 5, and the evaluation set V is { V ═ V1,v2,v3,v4,v5V, rating scale of good, better, general and poor1＝90,v2＝70,v3＝50,v4＝30,v5＝10。
In the above technical solution, in the step 3,
Figure BDA0002488920660000023
wherein, find
Figure BDA0002488920660000031
The constructed matrix yields a fuzzy relation matrix R.
In the above technical solution, in step 3, the normalization processing formula is as follows:
the forward direction index is as follows:
Figure BDA0002488920660000032
negative direction index:
Figure BDA0002488920660000033
then r'ijOr r ″)ijThe value of the j evaluation interval of the ith influencing factor (i is 1, 2, …, n; j is 1, 2, …, m), and the normalized data is recorded as tij。
In the above technical solution, in the step 4, t isijThe specific gravity of the evaluation interval
Figure BDA0002488920660000034
Entropy of j-th evaluation interval
Figure BDA0002488920660000035
In the above technologyIn the technical scheme, in the step 4, the information entropy redundancy is calculated: dj＝1-ejThen calculating the weight of each index
Figure BDA0002488920660000036
Calculating to obtain a weight, determining the weight W: w ═ W1，w2，…，wn) Wherein the sum of the weights is 1.
In the above technical solution, in the step 5, S ═ W · R ═ S (S)1，s2，…，sm)。
In the above technical solution, in the step 5, D ═ S ═ V ═ S1*v1+s2*v2+…+sm*vm。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the weight is calculated, the defect that the weight of the principal component is calculated by using the variance contribution rate can be overcome by using an entropy method, the actually existing grade boundary ambiguity is solved, and the interference of artificial subjective factors is avoided. In addition, the method takes the discrete degree of the data into consideration, and the index weight can be adjusted according to the influence degree of the index on the comprehensive evaluation.
2. From the perspective that the evaluation result reflects the number of problems, the model combining the two methods can obtain a new index with practical significance, can reflect the main index of each principal component, and can sequence the comprehensive condition of each index, so that the complex problem is simplified, and more scientific, accurate and objective evaluation information is obtained.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for evaluating the effect of the foaming agent construction work according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing gas production before and after the foam drainage gas production operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of water production before and after the foam drainage gas production operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the differential pressure values of the oil jacket before and after the foam water drainage gas recovery operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a comprehensive evaluation index and an oil jacket differential pressure change rate curve chart of the foam drainage gas production operation based on the entropy method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in the attached figure 1, the method for evaluating the construction operation effect of the foaming agent comprises the following steps:
a, carrying out parallel experiments aiming at different foaming agents, wherein the following steps are carried out in each group of parallel experiments to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of the different foaming agents:
step 1, selecting an evaluation index for evaluating the foam drainage gas production effect according to the characteristics of the foam drainage gas production well;
step 2, constructing a foam drainage gas production effect evaluation index system according to the principle of combining qualitative and quantitative methods:
setting m value intervals v corresponding to the relation between the comprehensive evaluation index and the evaluation leveljJ is 1, 2, …, m; from this, the evaluation set V ═ { V ═ V is determined1,v2,v3,…vm}；
And 3, considering the correlation among evaluation indexes of gas well drainage and gas production effects, and establishing a membership matrix by adopting a linear analysis method to obtain a fuzzy relation matrix R:
3.1, dividing each evaluation index into m evaluation sections, and setting a grade limit value a corresponding to the evaluation section of each evaluation indexj，j＝1，2，…，m；
3.2, calculating the membership degree of the evaluation interval of each evaluation index relative to the evaluation set
Figure BDA0002488920660000041
Further, a matrix formed by membership degrees, namely a fuzzy relation matrix R can be solved;
step 4, determining the weight of each evaluation index by adopting an entropy method:
4.1, calculating the membership degree obtained in the step 3
Figure BDA0002488920660000042
Is converted into a relative value, such that
Figure BDA0002488920660000043
Then normalization processing is carried out to obtain tij；
4.2, calculating the ith influence factor t in the jth evaluation intervalijThe proportion of the evaluation interval and the entropy value of the jth evaluation interval; further calculating the weight of each evaluation index, and then obtaining the weight W of each evaluation index;
and 5, calculating a comprehensive evaluation index D of the gas well foam drainage gas production effect by combining a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
And b, obtaining the evaluation grade corresponding to each foaming agent according to the comprehensive evaluation index D of each foaming agent, and obtaining the construction operation effect of different foaming agents, thereby obtaining the foaming agent with the optimal effect in the different foaming agents in the step a.
Example 2
Referring to the method flow chart shown in fig. 1, the method for evaluating the foaming agent construction operation effect comprises the following steps:
a, carrying out parallel experiments aiming at different foaming agents, wherein the following steps are carried out in each group of parallel experiments to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of the different foaming agents:
taking UT-11 foaming agent as an example, the following steps are carried out:
step 1, determining drainage gas production evaluation indexes, and selecting four important indexes influencing drainage gas production effects by analyzing various factors influencing foam drainage gas production effects and benefits: rate of change of solar gas production (Δ q)g) Rate of change of daily output water (Δ q)w) The oil jacket differential pressure change rate (Δ P) and the daily foam drainage gas production operation cost (Δ C) were used as evaluation indexes. And forming a fuzzy set U by the four evaluation indexes, and using the fuzzy set as a drainage and gas production effect evaluation target. The expression for U is as follows:
U＝{u1,u2,u3,u4}＝{Δqg,Δqw,ΔP,ΔC}.
Figure BDA0002488920660000051
Figure BDA0002488920660000052
Figure BDA0002488920660000053
Figure BDA0002488920660000054
step 2, determining an evaluation set V, setting the comprehensive evaluation index D as m value intervals in order to correspond to the relation between the comprehensive evaluation index and the evaluation level, and setting the comprehensive evaluation index D as VjIs the median of the interval, in this embodiment
V＝{v1,v2,v3,v4,v5Good, general, poor
That is, j is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
In order to correspond to the relationship between the comprehensive evaluation index and the evaluation effect, the finally calculated comprehensive evaluation index is classified into the evaluation set, and the value range of the comprehensive evaluation index set in this embodiment is shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 value intervals
Figure BDA0002488920660000061
vjThe median of the value interval of the corresponding comprehensive evaluation index is obtained.
That is, the evaluation grade is good when D is 80 or more and less than 100, good when D is 60 or more and less than 80, good when D is 40 or more and less than 60, good when D is 20 or more and less than 40, and poor when D is 0 or more and less than 20.
And 3, in order to consider the correlation among the evaluation indexes of the gas well drainage and gas production effect evaluation, a linear analysis method is adopted to establish a membership matrix, in order to divide the membership of the evaluation indexes relative to the evaluation set, different levels of each evaluation index need to be divided into regions, and the specific division form is shown in table 2.
Table 2 evaluation intervals defined by evaluation indexes
Figure BDA0002488920660000062
For example, in table 2, the evaluation level is good when the daily gas production change rate is 0.5 or more, good when the daily gas production change rate is 0.2 or more and less than 0.5, good when the daily gas production change rate is 0.1 or more and less than 0.2, good when the daily gas production change rate is 0.05 or more and less than 0.1, general when the daily gas production change rate is 0.05 or more and less than 0.05, and poor when the daily gas production change rate is 0 or more and less than 0.05.
Then dividing the regions according to the evaluation indexes to calculate the membership degree, wherein the membership degree is calculated as follows:
if the evaluation index delta u is setiDividing m levels, setting aj(j ═ 1, 2.. once, m) is a level limit value corresponding to the evaluation index, and a calculation formula (i.e., a calculation formula of membership degree) of the evaluation index corresponding to the evaluation level is as follows:
Figure BDA0002488920660000071
according to Δ uiAnd aiSolving for the relation of (1) and the corresponding relation
Figure BDA0002488920660000072
The membership degree of each evaluation index to each evaluation interval is obtained, and further the membership degree of each evaluation index to each evaluation interval can be obtained
Figure BDA0002488920660000073
The constructed matrix is the fuzzy relation matrix R.
In this embodiment, if i is 1, 2, 3, 4, that is, n is 4, and each evaluation index is divided into 5 levels, that is, m is 5, then for u, u is divided into n and n is divided into n1(rate of change of daily gas production) of a1＝0.5，a2＝0.2，a3＝0.1，a4＝0.05，a5Calculating to obtain the result according to the calculation formula of the membership degree
Figure BDA0002488920660000074
Calculating u by the same principle2(rate of change of daily Water production), u3(rate of change of differential pressure in oil jacket), u4And obtaining a fuzzy relation matrix R according to the membership degrees in the daily injection quantity cost change rate as follows:
Figure BDA0002488920660000075
step 4, determining the weight of the influencing factors, selecting n influencing factors (four factors are selected in this embodiment, i.e., n is 4), and m evaluation intervals (m is 5 in this embodiment), then
Figure BDA0002488920660000076
The value of the j-th evaluation interval of the ith influencing factor (i 1, 2, …, n; j 1, 2, …, m).
Normalization processing of indexes: heterogeneous indexes are homogeneous, and because the measurement units of all indexes are not uniform, the standardization treatment is firstly carried out, namely, the absolute value of the indexes is converted into a relative value, namely, the order is carried out
Figure BDA0002488920660000077
Thereby solving the homogenization problem of various heterogeneous index values. The index normalization is as follows:
the forward direction index is as follows:
Figure BDA0002488920660000081
negative direction index:
Figure BDA0002488920660000082
then r'ijOr r'ijThe value of the j evaluation interval of the ith influencing factor (i is 1, 2, …, n; j is 1, 2, …, m), and the normalized data is recorded as tij。
Calculating the ith influence factor (t) in the jth evaluation intervalij) Specific gravity in this evaluation interval:
Figure BDA0002488920660000083
where i 1., n, j ═ l.,. m.
Calculating the entropy value of the j evaluation interval:
Figure BDA0002488920660000084
wherein k is 1/ln (n) and satisfies ej≥0。
Calculating the information entropy redundancy:
dj＝1-ej
calculating the weight of each index:
Figure BDA0002488920660000085
calculating to obtain a weight, determining the weight W:
W＝(w1，w2，…，wn)
wherein the sum of the weights is 1.
In this example
Figure BDA0002488920660000086
And 5, calculating a comprehensive evaluation index, and obtaining a final evaluation vector S by adopting (+,) operator fuzzy synthesis weight W and the matrix R:
S＝W·R＝(s1，s2，...，sm)
in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
Figure BDA0002488920660000091
s1＝0*0.30403643+0*0.53612817+0.073*0.15329247+0*0.00654293＝0.01119035031
s2＝0.14*0.30403643+0.14*0.53612817+0.927*0.15329247+0*0.00654293＝0.25972516369
s3＝0.86*0.30403643+0.86*0.53612817+0*0.15329247+0*0.00654293＝0.722541556
s4＝0*0.30403643+0*0.1378+0*0.53612817+0*0.15329247+0.47*0.00654293＝0.0030751771
s5＝0*0.30403643+0*0.1378+0*0.53612817+0*0.15329247+0.53*0.00654293＝0.0034677529
S＝(s1,s2,s3,s4,s5)
the comprehensive evaluation index calculation formula is as follows: d ═ S × V
From Table 2, D ═ S × V was calculated
D＝S*V＝s1*90+s2*70+s3*50+s4*30+s5*10＝55.4419036282
The obtained 55.4419036282 was rated as "good".
And b, obtaining the evaluation grade corresponding to each foaming agent according to the comprehensive evaluation index D of each foaming agent, and obtaining the construction operation effect of different foaming agents. Thereby obtaining the most effective foaming agent among the different foaming agents in a.
Example 3
The foam drainage effect evaluation is carried out on the gas well in a certain area of the oil and gas field in southwest of China by using the method in the embodiment 2, the foam drainage gas production process is carried out on the well from 4 to 18 days in 2012, the process implementation days are 126 days from 8 to 22 days in 2012, so that approximately equal amount of foam drainage free days are selected and compared with the days in 2011, 12 and 1 days in 2011 and 4 and 17 days in 2012. The dosage and period of the foam discharging agent are continuously adjusted according to field data in the process of field process implementation.
Data before and after foam drainage gas production operation are processed through Python, data visualization is achieved through a matplotlib tool library, and a gas production quantity comparison graph before and after foam drainage gas production operation in the attached figure 2, a water production quantity comparison graph before and after foam drainage gas production operation in the attached figure 3 and an oil jacket pressure difference comparison graph before and after foam drainage gas production operation in the attached figure 3 are made.
The data are integrated and combined with a calculation formula of the method, a comprehensive evaluation index based on an entropy method is calculated, the data of the differential pressure change rate of the oil jacket are integrated, data visualization is realized through a Matplotlib tool library based on Python, as shown in an attached figure 5, the relation between the comprehensive evaluation index and the differential pressure change rate of the oil jacket is analyzed, and therefore the drainage and gas production effects are better analyzed and evaluated.
As shown in fig. 2-4, with the continuous addition of the foam discharging agent, the oil jacket pressure difference is continuously reduced, the water yield and the gas yield start to gradually increase in 5, 16 and 16 days in 2012, and then relatively stable production is maintained, the oil jacket pressure difference is reduced to a minimum value interval of 14.56 and 14.78MPa in 6, 25 and 7, 10 days, and the accumulated liquid in the shaft is basically discharged, wherein the oil jacket pressure difference value is stable in an interval, the produced water in the formation is relatively stable, which indicates that at this time, the foam discharging water and gas production operation system reasonably achieves the purpose of discharging accumulated liquid at the bottom of the shaft to realize stable production.
From the production effect of a gas well, the gas yield and the water yield of the foam drainage gas production operation start to increase at 5, 16 and 2012, so that the construction operation purpose is achieved, but the comprehensive evaluation index of the foam drainage gas production operation based on the entropy method is only 40, and the method belongs to a stage with a common effect, because the cost of the daily drainage gas production operation is considered, good economic benefit is not achieved. When the change rate of the differential pressure of the oil jacket reaches 30%, the comprehensive evaluation index of the foam drainage gas production operation reaches more than 60, the construction operation effect reaches a good stage, and the method has relatively good economic benefit.
Compared with the traditional production parameter curve, the evaluation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the evaluation parameters of the foam drainage effect are more comprehensive and richer in performance on the basis of combining the drainage gas production operation cost, the performance of different operation effect stages is more obvious, and the design of foam drainage gas production and the optimization of a foaming agent are more facilitated.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for evaluating the construction operation effect of a foaming agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, carrying out parallel experiments aiming at different foaming agents, wherein the following steps are carried out in each group of parallel experiments to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of the different foaming agents:
step 1, selecting n evaluation indexes delta u influencing the drainage and gas production effectsi，i＝1，2，…，n；
Step 2, corresponding to the relation between the comprehensive evaluation index D of the drainage gas production effect and the evaluation level, setting the comprehensive evaluation index D as m value intervals, vjThe median of the interval, j is 1, 2, …, m, from which the evaluation set V is determined1,v2,v3,…vm}；
Step 3, establishing a membership matrix R by adopting a linear analysis method:
first, each evaluation index is divided into m evaluation sections, and a level limit value a corresponding to the evaluation section of each evaluation index is setj，j＝1，2，…，m；
Then, the membership degree of the evaluation interval of each evaluation index relative to the evaluation set is calculated
Figure FDA0002488920650000011
Further, a matrix formed by membership degrees, namely a fuzzy relation matrix R can be solved;
step 4, determining the weight W of each evaluation index by adopting an entropy method:
first, the membership degree calculated in step 3 is calculated
Figure FDA0002488920650000012
Is converted into a relative value, such that
Figure FDA0002488920650000013
Then normalization processing is carried out to obtain tij；
Then, the ith influence factor t under the jth evaluation interval is calculatedijThe proportion of the evaluation interval and the entropy value of the jth evaluation interval; further calculating the weight of each evaluation index, and then obtaining the weight W of each evaluation index;
step 5, obtaining a final evaluation vector S by adopting the (+,) operator fuzzy synthesis of each evaluation index weight W obtained in the step 4 and the fuzzy relation matrix R obtained in the step 3, and then calculating a comprehensive evaluation index D of the gas well foam drainage gas production effect by using the final evaluation vector S;
and b, obtaining the evaluation grade corresponding to each foaming agent according to the comprehensive evaluation index D of each foaming agent, thereby obtaining the construction operation effect of different foaming agents and further selecting the optimal foaming agent.
2. The method for evaluating the effect of the blowing agent construction work according to claim 1, wherein the blowing agent is UT-11, florrea f579, florrea f581, florrea f571, florrea f520, florrea f550, florrea f515, MIBC, aeroflorth 70, No. 2 oil, eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, Dow200, Dow250, TEB, BK201, or BK 204.
3. The method of evaluating the effect of a frother working operation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 1, n is 4, in the step 2, m is 5, and the evaluation indexes are daily gas generation rate of change Δ qgRate of change of daily output water Δ qwThe oil jacket differential pressure change rate delta P and the daily foam drainage gas production operation cost delta C.
4. The method of evaluating the effectiveness of a frother construction job of claim 2 wherein the evaluation set V ═ V1,v2,v3,v4,v5The evaluation grade is good, general and poor; v. of1＝90,v2＝70,v3＝50,v4＝30,v5＝10。
5. The method of evaluating the effect of the frother construction work according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3,
Figure FDA0002488920650000021
wherein, find
Figure FDA0002488920650000022
The constructed matrix yields a fuzzy relation matrix R.
6. The method for evaluating the effect of the foamer construction work as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step 3, the normalization processing formula is as follows:
the forward direction index is as follows:
Figure FDA0002488920650000023
negative direction index:
Figure FDA0002488920650000024
then r'ijOr r ″)ijThe value of the j evaluation interval of the ith influencing factor (i is 1, 2, …, n; j is 1, 2, …, m), and the normalized data is recorded as tij。
7. The method for evaluating the effect of the frother working in construction as set forth in claim 6, wherein t in the step 4 isijThe specific gravity of the evaluation interval
Figure FDA0002488920650000031
Entropy of j-th evaluation interval
Figure FDA0002488920650000032
8. The method for evaluating the effect of the foaming agent construction work according to claim 7, wherein in the step 4, the information entropy redundancy is calculated as follows: dj1-ej, then calculating the weight of each index
Figure FDA0002488920650000033
Calculating to obtain a weight, determining the weight W: w ═ W1，w2，…，wn) Wherein the sum of the weights is 1.
9. The method of evaluating the effect of the frother constructing work according to claim 8, wherein in the step 5, S ═ W · R ═ (S ═ W ═ R ═ S1，s2，...，sm)。
10. The method of evaluating the effect of the frother construction work according to claim 9, wherein in step 5, D ═ S ═ V ═ S1*v1+s2*v2+…+sm*vm。
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Application publication date: 20200828