CN111597692B - Method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium for estimating surface net radiation - Google Patents
Method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium for estimating surface net radiation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a system, electronic equipment and a storage medium for estimating surface net radiation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining multisource data of the region to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation; inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model; the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data training, the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation, and estimation of high-precision and high-resolution surface net radiation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of remote sensing technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, an electronic device, and a storage medium for estimating surface net radiation.
Background
The surface net radiation is the most important parameter in the surface energy balance and is also one of important parameters for constructing various ecological modes. In the context of global climate change, the high-quality long-time series of net radiation data has important significance for the researches of climate change prediction, evapotranspiration estimation, plant growth and development process, formation and accumulation of biomass of an ecological system and the like. Remote sensing technology provides an effective observation means from the global scale, and is an important mode of radiation parameter inversion. The resolution of the existing remote sensing products containing the net radiation is generally low (more than kilometers), and the requirements of small-area radiation balance research are difficult to meet.
At present, the net radiation estimation method based on remote sensing data mainly utilizes a parameterization mode to respectively estimate short wave radiation components and long wave radiation components related to the net radiation, and then adds and calculates the net radiation. The other method is a direct estimation method of the net radiation, based on the high correlation between the short-wave radiation and the net radiation, an empirical model for directly estimating the net radiation from the short-wave radiation is established by using other auxiliary information and using a plurality of statistical methods, and the method has the advantages of easy acquisition of required parameters, high operation efficiency, good universality and satisfactory estimation precision, so that the method is the preferred method for producing the current net radiation data products. But this method is highly dependent on the accuracy of the input data and the sample quality and comprehensiveness used for model generation, etc., and is not currently used for high resolution (in the order of ten meters and more) net radiation estimation production.
Therefore, how to realize long-time series, high-resolution and high-precision estimation of the surface net radiation is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a system, electronic equipment and a storage medium for estimating surface net radiation, which are used for solving the problems of low resolution and low precision of the existing method for estimating the surface net radiation.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for estimating surface net radiation, including:
determining multi-source data of the region to be measured based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation;
inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, and the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
Optionally, the inputting the multi-source data to a surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a surface net radiation estimation result of the to-be-measured area output by the surface net radiation estimation model specifically includes:
judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the multi-source data;
and inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be detected, and obtaining a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model.
Optionally, the determining, based on the multi-source data, a surface attribute of the area to be measured specifically includes:
and determining the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data.
Optionally, the determining the surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the normalized vegetation index and the surface albedo in the multi-source data specifically includes:
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is greater than a preset first threshold and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is less than or equal to a preset second threshold, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage;
If the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to the preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is larger than the preset second threshold value, and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class;
otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is non-vegetation coverage type of the abnormal sunshine duration.
Optionally, the inputting the multi-source data to a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the surface attribute of the area to be measured to obtain a surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the surface net radiation estimation model, specifically includes:
if the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data comprising the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
If the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is an abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, wherein the earth surface net radiation estimation result is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model.
Optionally, the determining the multi-source data of the area to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the area to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and the downlink short wave radiation from the station actual measurement data specifically includes:
and adding the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected to the multi-source data of the region to be detected.
Optionally, the multi-source data further includes ground albedo, normalized vegetation index, meteorological parameters, and geographic parameters.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a surface net radiation estimation system comprising:
the multi-source data determining module is used for determining multi-source data of the region to be detected based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of the region to be detected or second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation;
The ground surface net radiation estimation module is used for inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, and the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of estimating net surface radiation as described in the first aspect when the program is executed.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of surface net radiation estimation as described in the first aspect.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method, the system, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, the multisource data containing the downlink short wave radiation is determined based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the area to be measured or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and the downlink short wave radiation from the station actual measurement data, the information quantity of the input data is increased, the multisource data is input into the ground surface net radiation estimation model, the resolution and the accuracy of ground surface net radiation estimation are improved by playing the respective advantages of different data sources, and long-time sequence, high-accuracy and high-resolution ground surface net radiation estimation can be achieved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating the net radiation of the earth surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of determining the surface attribute of a region to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for estimating net surface radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating surface net radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for estimating surface net radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 110, determining multisource data of the region to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation.
Specifically, the multisource data of the area to be measured is a data set formed by data of multiple sources obtained by observing the area to be estimated of the surface net radiation based on multiple technical means. The determination modes of the multi-source data comprise two modes: the first method is to determine multi-source data based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of an area to be measured; and the second is to determine multi-source data based on the second remote sensing data, the re-analysis meteorological data and the downlink short wave radiation from the station actual measurement data of the region to be measured.
The first remote sensing data and the second remote sensing data are remote sensing data products of an area to be detected, which are acquired based on remote sensing satellites, wherein the first remote sensing data can comprise downlink short wave radiation, earth surface albedo, normalized vegetation indexes and the like, and the second remote sensing data can comprise earth surface albedo, normalized vegetation indexes and the like. Preferably, the first remote sensing data may include downlink short wave radiation as a GLASS data product, and the ground albedo and the normalized vegetation index may be Landsat data products.
The actual measurement data of the station in the area to be measured is the actual observation data of the foundation station arranged in the area to be measured, and can comprise downlink short wave radiation, earth surface albedo and the like. The re-analyzed weather data of the area under test may provide weather parameters of the area under test. Preferably, the re-analyzed weather data of the area under test may be MERRA2 data products.
The downlink short wave radiation in the first multi-source data determining mode is from the first remote sensing data, and the downlink short wave radiation in the second multi-source data determining mode is from the station actual measurement data. In the second multi-source data determining manner, the earth surface albedo may be from the second remote sensing data or from the site measured data, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Step 120, inputting the multi-source data into the ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained by training based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
Specifically, the multi-source data must include downlink short-wave radiation, and the ground surface net radiation model is used for calculating and outputting a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured according to the downlink short-wave radiation of the input multi-source data based on high correlation of the downlink short-wave radiation and the ground surface net radiation. Because the normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo in the input multi-source data are higher in spatial resolution (up to 30 meters) and higher in time resolution (up to 1 day), the output ground net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured has higher space-time resolution.
When downlink short wave radiation in the multi-source data is determined through the station actually measured data of the area to be measured, the resolution of the downlink short wave radiation can be further improved, so that the high-precision surface net radiation estimation of the small area can be realized. When determining downlink short wave radiation in the multi-source data through the second remote sensing data of the area to be detected, the ground surface net radiation estimation with long time sequence and global coverage can be obtained based on the characteristics of long time sequence and large coverage of the remote sensing data.
The surface net radiation estimation model may also be pre-trained prior to performing step 120, and may be specifically trained as follows: firstly, collecting multisource data of a global area, and screening to obtain sample site actual measurement data, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample re-analysis meteorological data of a sample area according to preset screening conditions, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample ground surface albedo and sample ground surface net radiation. And then, inputting the sample site actual measurement data, the sample normalized vegetation index and the sample re-analysis meteorological data of the sample area into an initial model for training, so as to obtain a surface net radiation estimation model. The initial model here may be constructed based on a random forest algorithm.
The preset screening conditions are that the sample site actual measurement data of the sample area comprise downlink short wave radiation and ground surface net radiation, the continuous observation time of the site is more than one year, and the site is located in a conventional geographic position. By screening the multi-source data of the global area, the data quality of model training data is improved, and the accuracy of the ground surface net radiation estimation model is further improved.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the multisource data containing the downlink short-wave radiation is determined based on the first remote sensing data and the re-analysis meteorological data of the region to be detected or the second remote sensing data, the re-analysis meteorological data and the downlink short-wave radiation from the site actual measurement data, the information quantity of the input data is increased, the multisource data is input into the ground surface net radiation estimation model, the resolution and the accuracy of ground surface net radiation estimation are improved by playing the respective advantages of different data sources, and long-time sequence, high-accuracy and high-resolution ground surface net radiation estimation can be realized.
Based on the above embodiment, step 120 specifically includes:
step 121, judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the multi-source data;
and step 122, inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured, and obtaining a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model.
In particular, different surface types may lead to different radiation transmission processes, e.g. the net radiation of the snow covered surface is not determined by the short wave downlink radiation, whereas the net radiation of the vegetation covered surface is highly correlated with the short wave radiation. Based on the influence of different earth surface attributes on the relation between the short wave radiation and the net radiation, the earth surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts different earth surface net radiation estimation models to estimate aiming at different earth surface attributes of the region to be measured.
Correspondingly, different earth surface attributes correspond to different earth surface net radiation estimation models, and the model corresponding to any earth surface attribute is obtained by training based on sample site measured data, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data of a sample area belonging to the earth surface attribute, wherein the sample site measured data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample earth surface albedo and sample earth surface net radiation.
First, based on multi-source data, the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is judged. The multi-source data may further include a normalized vegetation index, an earth surface albedo, and a sunlight duration, and accordingly, the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured may be determined based on one parameter in the multi-source data, or may be determined based on a combination of a plurality of parameters in the multi-source data, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The earth surface attribute of the area to be measured can be vegetation coverage, non-vegetation coverage of normal sunlight duration and non-vegetation coverage of abnormal sunlight duration.
After judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured, inputting the multi-source data into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the earth surface, and calculating and outputting an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured by the earth surface net radiation estimation model based on downlink short wave radiation in the multi-source data.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured is judged based on the multi-source data, and the multi-source data is input into the ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured, so that the ground surface attributes of different regions to be measured are estimated by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models, and the ground surface net radiation estimation precision is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, step 121 specifically includes:
and judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data.
Specifically, the multi-source data includes a normalized vegetation index (Normalized Vegetation Index, NDVI), which is a ratio of a difference between reflectivities of the near-infrared band and the red band to a sum of reflectivities of the near-infrared band and the red band, that can characterize a growth state of vegetation and a coverage of the vegetation. The normalized vegetation index has a value between-1 and 1, and is generally considered to represent the surface of the earth as water surface or snow when the normalized vegetation index is negative; the normalized vegetation index is close to zero, and the surface is characterized as rock or bare land; and when the normalized vegetation index is a positive value, the surface is characterized by vegetation coverage, and the larger the numerical value is, the larger the vegetation coverage is. The Albedo (ABD) is the ratio of the reflected radiant flux of the incident solar radiation to the incident solar radiant flux of the earth's surface, the Albedo of the snow covered earth's surface is generally greater than 0.7, and the Albedo of the vegetation covered earth's surface is generally smaller. It follows that the normalized vegetation index and the albedo can be used to distinguish between different surface attributes.
The embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the method for judging the surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the normalized vegetation index and the surface albedo in the multi-source data, and comprises the following steps: if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is larger than a preset first threshold value and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset second threshold value, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage; otherwise, determining the surface attribute of the area to be measured as a non-vegetation coverage class. Preferably, the preset first threshold may be 0.05 and the preset second threshold may be 0.7.
Correspondingly, if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data including normalized vegetation indexes into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage; if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is a non-vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the non-vegetation coverage.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attribute of the area to be measured is judged based on the normalized vegetation index and the ground surface albedo in the multi-source data, so that different ground surface attributes of the area to be measured can be estimated by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models, and the accuracy of ground surface net radiation estimation is further improved.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, in the method for estimating surface net radiation, the surface attribute of the area to be measured is determined based on the normalized vegetation index and the surface albedo in the multi-source data, and the method specifically includes:
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is larger than a preset first threshold value and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset second threshold value, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage;
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is larger than a preset second threshold value, and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class;
otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the non-vegetation coverage class of the abnormal sunshine duration.
Specifically, the multi-source data includes normalized vegetation index, surface albedo, and solar duration. Because the normalized vegetation index corresponding to the vegetation cover surface is generally higher, and most of incident solar radiation is absorbed by the vegetation cover surface, the corresponding surface albedo is generally lower, if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is greater than a preset first threshold value, and the surface albedo in the multi-source data is less than or equal to a preset second threshold value, the surface attribute of the area to be measured can be determined as the vegetation cover type.
Because the sunlight duration (dt) can be used for distinguishing different seasons, further, if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is less than or equal to a preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is greater than a preset second threshold value, and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured can be determined to be a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class. Otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the non-vegetation coverage class of the abnormal sunshine duration.
Preferably, the preset first threshold may be 0.05, the preset second threshold may be 0.7, and the preset time range may be 9 hours to 16 hours. On this basis, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of determining the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the earth surface attribute may be divided into a vegetation coverage class, a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class and an abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class based on the normalized vegetation index, the earth surface albedo and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attributes of the area to be measured are divided into vegetation coverage types, normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage types and abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage types based on the normalized vegetation index, the ground surface albedo and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data, so that the ground surface attributes of different areas to be measured can be estimated by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models, and the ground surface net radiation estimation precision is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, step 122 specifically includes:
if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data including normalized vegetation indexes into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage, and obtaining a surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the non-vegetation coverage class with abnormal sunshine duration, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the non-vegetation coverage class with abnormal sunshine duration, and obtaining an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model.
Specifically, if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is vegetation coverage, the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is used for being input into a corresponding surface net radiation estimation model to be estimated; if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class or the abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class, the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is not used for being input into the corresponding earth surface net radiation estimation model to be estimated.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface net radiation estimation model is adopted to estimate different ground surface attributes of the region to be measured, so that the accuracy of ground surface net radiation estimation is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, step 110 specifically includes:
and adding the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected to the multisource data of the region to be detected.
Specifically, the time resolution of the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be measured is affected by the observation period of the corresponding remote sensing satellite, so that multi-source data of continuous observation for a long time cannot be obtained. The normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo are parameters reflecting the characteristics of the underlying surface, and obvious fluctuation does not occur in a short time generally, and corresponding data of the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data, the time of which is within a preset time length before and after the site observation time, can be added into the multi-source data to obtain multi-source data of long-time continuous observation. The preset duration may be set according to different remote sensing satellites, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
For example, if the observation period of the Landsat satellite is 16 days, the time resolution of the normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo in the Landsat data product is 16 days, and when the time resolution of the site measured data is 1 day, in order to make the time resolution of the multi-source data be 1 day, the normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo of clear sky in the Landsat data product within 4 days before and after the site observation time can be used as the normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo of the site observation time, and added to the multi-source data. If the normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo of clear sky in 4 days before and after the site observation time do not exist in the Landsat data product, the corresponding data of the site observation time are set to be empty.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected is added to the multi-source data of the region to be detected, so that the multi-source data of long-time continuous observation is obtained, and the estimation of the ground surface net radiation with long-time sequence, high resolution and high precision can be realized.
Based on any of the above embodiments, in the method for estimating net surface radiation, the multi-source data further includes a surface albedo, a normalized vegetation index, a meteorological parameter, and a geographic parameter.
Specifically, the meteorological parameters may include a day average air temperature, a day average air minimum temperature, a day average air maximum temperature, a day average earth surface atmospheric pressure, a day average relative humidity, a day average wind speed, a day average water vapor pressure, a sunshine duration, a clear index and the like; the geographic parameter may include a distance of the earth of the day. The average temperature, the minimum temperature, the maximum temperature, the earth surface atmospheric pressure, the average relative humidity and the average wind speed of the air can be determined based on the analysis meteorological data of the area to be measured, and the vapor pressure, the sunshine duration, the clear index and the earth-to-earth distance of the air can be directly calculated based on the multisource data of the area to be measured.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface net radiation estimation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the surface net radiation estimation system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the multi-source data determining module 310 is configured to determine multi-source data of the area to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis weather data of the area to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis weather data, and downlink short wave radiation from the site measured data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation.
The multisource data of the area to be measured is a data set formed by data of various sources obtained by observing the area to be estimated of the surface net radiation based on various technical means. The determination modes of the multi-source data comprise two modes: the first method is to determine multi-source data based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of an area to be measured; and the second is to determine multi-source data based on the second remote sensing data, the re-analysis meteorological data and the downlink short wave radiation from the station actual measurement data of the region to be measured.
The first remote sensing data and the second remote sensing data are remote sensing data products of an area to be detected, which are acquired based on remote sensing satellites, wherein the first remote sensing data can comprise downlink short wave radiation, earth surface albedo, normalized vegetation indexes and the like, and the second remote sensing data can comprise earth surface albedo, normalized vegetation indexes and the like. The actual measurement data of the station in the area to be measured is the actual observation data of the foundation station arranged in the area to be measured, and can comprise downlink short wave radiation, earth surface albedo and the like. The re-analyzed weather data of the area under test may provide weather parameters of the area under test.
The surface net radiation estimation module 320 is configured to input the multi-source data to the surface net radiation estimation model, and obtain a surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured output by the surface net radiation estimation model; the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained by training based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
Specifically, the multi-source data must include downlink short wave radiation, and the net surface radiation estimation module 320 inputs the multi-source data to the net surface radiation estimation model based on the high correlation of the downlink short wave radiation and the net surface radiation, and outputs the net surface radiation estimation result of the region to be measured.
The determination method of the surface net radiation estimation model comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting multisource data of a global area, and screening to obtain sample site actual measurement data, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample re-analysis meteorological data of a sample area according to preset screening conditions, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample ground surface albedo and sample ground surface net radiation. And then, inputting the sample site actual measurement data, the sample normalized vegetation index and the sample re-analysis meteorological data of the sample area into an initial model and training so as to obtain a surface net radiation estimation model. The initial model here may be constructed based on a random forest algorithm. The preset screening conditions are that the sample site actual measurement data of the sample area comprise downlink short wave radiation and ground surface net radiation, the continuous observation time of the site is more than one year, and the site is located in a conventional geographic position.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the multisource data containing downlink short wave radiation is determined based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the region to be detected or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and the downlink short wave radiation from the site actual measurement data by the multisource data determination module, the information quantity of input data is increased, the multisource data is input into the ground surface net radiation estimation model by the ground surface net radiation estimation module, the resolution and the precision of ground surface net radiation estimation are improved by playing respective advantages of different data sources, and long-time sequence, high-precision and high-resolution ground surface net radiation estimation can be realized.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the surface net radiation estimation module 320 specifically includes:
the earth surface attribute judging sub-module 321 is configured to judge an earth surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the multi-source data;
the surface net radiation estimation sub-module 322 is configured to input the multi-source data to a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the surface attribute of the area to be measured, and obtain a surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured output by the surface net radiation estimation model.
Specifically, first, the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is judged based on the multi-source data. The multi-source data may include at least one of a normalized vegetation index, an earth surface albedo, and a sunlight duration, and accordingly, an earth surface attribute of the area to be measured may be determined based on one parameter in the multi-source data, or may be determined based on a combination of a plurality of parameters in the multi-source data, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The surface properties of the area to be measured may be vegetation and non-vegetation.
After judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured, inputting the multi-source data into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the earth surface attribute, and calculating and outputting an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured by the earth surface net radiation estimation model based on downlink short wave radiation in the multi-source data. The model corresponding to any earth surface attribute is obtained by training based on sample site measured data, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data of a sample area belonging to the earth surface attribute, wherein the sample site measured data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample earth surface albedo and sample earth surface net radiation.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured is judged based on the multi-source data, and the multi-source data is input into the ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured, so that the ground surface net radiation estimation accuracy is further improved by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models for estimating different ground surface attributes of the region to be measured.
Based on any of the above embodiments, in the surface net radiation estimation system, the surface attribute determining sub-module 321 is specifically configured to:
And judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data.
Specifically, the multisource data includes normalized vegetation index and earth surface albedo, and the method for judging the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multisource data is not specifically limited, and includes but is not limited to: if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is larger than a preset first threshold value and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset second threshold value, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage; otherwise, judging that the surface attribute of the area to be measured is a non-vegetation coverage type.
Correspondingly, if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data including normalized vegetation indexes into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage; if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is a non-vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the non-vegetation coverage.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attribute of the area to be measured is determined based on the normalized vegetation index and the ground surface albedo in the multi-source data, so that different ground surface attributes of the area to be measured can be estimated by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models, and the accuracy of ground surface net radiation estimation is further improved.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, in the surface net radiation estimation system, the determining the surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the normalized vegetation index and the surface albedo in the multi-source data specifically includes:
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is larger than a preset first threshold value and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset second threshold value, judging that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage;
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to a preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is larger than a preset second threshold value, and the sunshine duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, judging that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a normal sunshine duration non-vegetation coverage class;
otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the non-vegetation coverage class of the abnormal sunshine duration.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface attributes of the area to be measured are judged to be vegetation coverage types, normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage types and abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage types based on the normalized vegetation index, the ground surface albedo and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data, so that the ground surface attributes of different areas to be measured can be estimated by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models, and the ground surface net radiation estimation precision is further improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the surface net radiation estimator module 322 has a logic for:
if the surface attribute of the area to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data including normalized vegetation indexes into a surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage, and obtaining a surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is the non-vegetation coverage class with abnormal sunshine duration, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the non-vegetation coverage class with abnormal sunshine duration, and obtaining an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ground surface net radiation estimation accuracy is further improved by estimating different ground surface attributes of the region to be detected by adopting different ground surface net radiation estimation models.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the multi-source data determination module 310 is specifically configured to:
and adding the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected to the multisource data of the region to be detected.
Specifically, the time resolution of the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be measured is affected by the observation period of the corresponding remote sensing satellite, so that multi-source data of continuous observation for a long time cannot be obtained. The normalized vegetation index and the ground albedo are parameters reflecting the characteristics of the underlying surface, and obvious fluctuation does not occur in a short time generally, and corresponding data of the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data, the time of which is within a preset time length before and after the site observation time, can be added into the multi-source data to obtain multi-source data of long-time continuous observation. The preset duration may be set according to different remote sensing satellites, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the ground surface net radiation estimation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected is added to the multi-source data of the region to be detected, so that the multi-source data of long-time continuous observation is obtained, and the estimation of the ground surface net radiation with long-time sequence, high precision and high resolution can be realized.
Fig. 4 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, where the electronic device may include: the device comprises a processor 401, a communication interface 402, a memory 403 and a communication bus 404, wherein the processor 401, the communication interface 402 and the memory 403 are in communication with each other through the communication bus 404. The processor 401 may call logic instructions in the memory 403 to perform the following method: determining multisource data of the region to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation; inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model; the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained by training based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 403 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor is implemented to perform the method provided in the above embodiments, for example, including: determining multisource data of the region to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation; inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model; the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained by training based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of estimating net surface radiation comprising:
determining multi-source data of the region to be measured based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of the region to be measured, or second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation;
inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation;
Inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, wherein the ground surface net radiation estimation result is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model and specifically comprises the following steps:
judging the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the multi-source data;
inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be detected to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the determining the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured based on the multi-source data specifically comprises:
determining the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data;
the judging of the surface attribute of the area to be measured based on the normalized vegetation index and the surface albedo in the multi-source data specifically comprises:
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is greater than a preset first threshold and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is less than or equal to a preset second threshold, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage;
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to the preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is larger than the preset second threshold value, and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class;
Otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a non-vegetation coverage class of the abnormal sunshine duration;
inputting the multi-source data to a ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model, specifically comprising:
if the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data comprising the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is an abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, wherein the earth surface net radiation estimation result is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model.
2. The method for estimating the net surface radiation according to claim 1, wherein the determining the multi-source data of the area to be measured based on the first remote sensing data and the re-analysis weather data of the area to be measured, or the second remote sensing data, the re-analysis weather data and the downlink short wave radiation from the site actual measurement data specifically comprises:
and adding the data with the acquisition time within the preset duration before and after the site observation time in the first remote sensing data or the second remote sensing data of the region to be detected to the multi-source data of the region to be detected.
3. A method of estimating net surface radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-source data further comprises surface albedo, normalized vegetation index, meteorological parameters and geographic parameters.
4. A surface net radiation estimation system, comprising:
the multi-source data determining module is used for determining multi-source data of the region to be detected based on first remote sensing data and analysis meteorological data of the region to be detected or second remote sensing data, the analysis meteorological data and downlink short wave radiation from site actual measurement data; the first remote sensing data comprises downlink short wave radiation, and the second remote sensing data does not comprise downlink short wave radiation;
The ground surface net radiation estimation module is used for inputting the multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be detected, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
the surface net radiation estimation model is obtained based on sample site actual measurement data of a sample area, sample normalized vegetation indexes and sample analysis meteorological data, wherein the sample site actual measurement data comprises sample downlink short wave radiation, sample surface albedo and sample surface net radiation;
the surface net radiation estimation module specifically comprises:
the earth surface attribute judging sub-module is used for judging the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected based on the multi-source data;
the earth surface attribute judging submodule is specifically used for:
determining the earth surface attribute of the region to be detected based on the normalized vegetation index and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data;
the ground surface net radiation estimation sub-module is used for inputting multi-source data into a ground surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the ground surface attribute of the region to be measured to obtain a ground surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the ground surface net radiation estimation model;
if the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is greater than a preset first threshold and the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is less than or equal to a preset second threshold, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is vegetation coverage;
If the normalized vegetation index in the multi-source data is smaller than or equal to the preset first threshold value, or the earth surface albedo in the multi-source data is larger than the preset second threshold value, and the sunlight duration in the multi-source data is within a preset time range, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class;
otherwise, determining that the earth surface attribute of the area to be detected is a non-vegetation coverage class of the abnormal sunshine duration;
if the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is vegetation coverage, inputting multi-source data comprising the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
if the earth surface attribute of the area to be measured is a normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the normal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage class to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the area to be measured, which is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model;
If the earth surface attribute of the region to be measured is an abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type, inputting multi-source data except the normalized vegetation index into an earth surface net radiation estimation model corresponding to the abnormal sunlight duration non-vegetation coverage type to obtain an earth surface net radiation estimation result of the region to be measured, wherein the earth surface net radiation estimation result is output by the earth surface net radiation estimation model.
5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor performs the steps of the method of estimating net surface radiation as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3.
6. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the surface net radiation estimation method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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