CN111597269A - Block chain-based contract implementation method, device and equipment - Google Patents
Block chain-based contract implementation method, device and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a block chain-based contract implementation method, device and equipment. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a contract creating request, wherein the request comprises a type identifier of a contract which is requested to be created; determining the address of a contract template corresponding to the type identifier in the block chain according to the type identifier; reading a contract template according to the address; and creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain. The block chain technology-based contract not only can exert the advantage of contract cost efficiency, but also can avoid the interference of malicious behaviors on the normal execution of the contract, the characteristics of the block chain technology ensure that the whole processes of storage, reading and execution can be tracked and cannot be tampered, and a state machine system is constructed by a self-carried consensus algorithm of the block chain, so that the contract can be efficiently operated. The universal contract template is adopted, so that the user can establish the contract required by the user based on the universal contract template, and the use is more convenient and simpler.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a device for implementing a contract based on a block chain.
Background
Traditional contracts are recorded on paper and are considered valid only after the agreement has been signed. In the field of computer technology, contracts are recorded in code, i.e., contracts in digital form.
An intelligent contract is a computer protocol intended to propagate, verify or execute contracts in an informational manner, defined as follows: an intelligent contract is a set of commitments (commitments) defined in digital form, including agreements on which contract participants can execute the commitments. Smart contracts allow trusted transactions to be conducted without third parties, which transactions are traceable and irreversible.
However, digitized dating papers face the risk of being altered or hacked. Such as credit card repayment and telecom package services, the relevant data of the contract may be modified if the centralized system is hacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a block chain-based contract implementation method, device and equipment, which are used for implementing safe, reliable, simple and easy-to-use contracts.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a contract implementation method based on a block chain, including:
receiving a contract creating request, wherein the request comprises a type identifier of a contract which is requested to be created;
determining the address of a contract template corresponding to the type identifier in a block chain according to the type identifier;
reading a contract template according to the address;
and creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain.
In one possible implementation, the contract template includes a type identifier and parameter information required by the contract template.
In one possible implementation, the contract is written into an application branch of the block chain.
In one possible implementation, the creating the respective contract includes:
determining a block height;
determining parameters of the application branch according to the request;
and applying the branched chain parameters, creating an application branched chain and a contract, and determining the address of the contract.
In a possible implementation manner, the method further includes:
and running the contract program according to the address of the contract.
In one possible implementation, before creating the contract, the method further includes:
determining that there is sufficient currency in the user account sending the create contract request to create an application branch.
In one possible implementation, the contract template is stored in a public chain of the blockchain.
In one possible implementation, the blockchain is a BigBang Core blockchain.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a contract implementation apparatus based on a block chain, including:
the contract creating device comprises a receiving module, a generating module and a generating module, wherein the receiving module is used for receiving a contract creating request which comprises a type identifier of a contract requested to be created;
the determining module is used for determining the address of the contract template corresponding to the type identifier in the block chain according to the type identifier;
and the creating module is used for reading the contract template according to the address, creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a contract implementation device based on a block chain, including: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor; the processor is configured to call a computer program stored in the memory to perform the method according to any of the implementations of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect.
In the above embodiments of the present application, the contracts based on the blockchain technology not only can exert the advantages of the contracts in terms of cost efficiency, but also can avoid the interference of malicious behaviors on the normal execution of the contracts. The contracts are written into the block chain in a digital form, and the characteristics of the block chain technology ensure that the whole processes of storage, reading and execution are transparent, traceable and not easy to modify. Meanwhile, a state machine system is constructed by a block chain self-contained consensus algorithm, so that contracts can run efficiently. And because the universal contract template is adopted, the user can establish the required contract based on the universal contract template, and the use is more convenient and simpler.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a contract implementation method based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a contract template provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a contract implementation apparatus based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a contract implementation device based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The existing block chaining contract implementation scheme mainly includes the following two types:
1) script
In the case of transactions in the bitcoin system (also called transfer records), a script system is used for the authorization verification of the transaction, i.e. for verifying whether a person has the right to use the bitcoin sent to him. Common rights verification methods are for example performed using public keys and signatures, or for example a multi-person voting mechanism.
The scripting system is a simple, stack-based, left-to-right processing, non-graphic complete scripting system. The essence is a list of instructions that do not fail in the course of running one by one until the instructions in the list of instructions are executed normally, indicating that the transaction is valid, i.e. the user can use the bitcoin issued to him in this transaction. If there is a failure or anomaly in the execution of the instructions in the instruction list, indicating that the transaction is invalid, the user is not authorized to use the bitcoin issued to him in this transaction, since he may be an illegal user.
However, the scripting language of the bitcoin is not completely graphic, i.e. it does not support a loop statement, meaning that the bitcoin can only be used as digital currency, and cannot directly support smart contracts and more complex decentralized applications, and cannot process complex logic, so that the function is relatively limited. The outcome of the execution of the transaction is either successful, i.e., the transaction is legitimate, and may be included in the blockchain; or simply fail, i.e., the transaction is invalid and cannot be included in the blockchain.
2) Intelligent contract
Taking the Etherhouse as an example, which builds applications using the Etherhouse Virtual Machine (EVM) code, in theory any conceivable computation can be implemented, including infinite loops. It is realized that anyone can upload and execute an arbitrary application program, and effective execution of the program can be ensured.
Although the intelligent contracts bring great convenience to decentralized transactions of the block chain, a plurality of problems exist at the same time. Firstly, a security vulnerability and an intelligent contract are used as a core technology of a block chain, are still in a primary stage of development, and need to be continuously improved in the future to obtain wider application. Second, a third-party virtual machine needs to be separately developed or used as an intelligent contract operating environment, which complicates the project and introduces new security problems. Thirdly, if a problem is found after the thread is on line, the thread cannot be repaired and only bifurcations are needed.
In order to overcome the above problems to a certain extent, embodiments of the present application provide a method, an apparatus, and a device for implementing a contract based on a block chain, so as to implement a safe, reliable, simple, and easy-to-use contract.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flowchart of a contract implementation method based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where as shown in the drawing, the method may include the following steps:
In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of types of contract templates can be preset for users to use, and the users can select the contract templates of corresponding types according to the requirements of the users and establish contracts on the basis of the templates so as to realize the target service function of the users. The type identifier of the contract template can be used for uniquely identifying one contract template, and the contract creating request sent by the user carries the identifier of the contract type, so that the contract template required by the user can be determined according to the type identifier.
Optionally, the contract template includes a type identifier and parameter information required by the contract template. The user can input corresponding parameters according to the parameter information required by the contract template, thereby realizing the contract establishment based on the parameter template and meeting the business logic of the user.
It should be understood that the "type identifier" is used to uniquely identify a contract template, and to distinguish the templates by type, which can facilitate the user to determine the required template, however, the identifier that can serve this purpose may be referred to as "type identifier", such as the ID of the contract template.
And 102, determining the address of the contract template corresponding to the type identifier in the block chain according to the type identifier.
In the embodiment of the application, preset contract templates of multiple types are stored in the blockchain, so that the contract templates are convenient for users to obtain. In the above steps, the contract template required by the user is determined according to the type identifier in the contract creating request, and the address of the contract template in the blockchain is further determined.
And 103, reading the contract template according to the address.
And reading the contract template required by the user from the corresponding position of the block chain according to the address of the contract template, thereby facilitating the user to realize specific service function on the basis of the contract template.
And 104, creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain.
After the contract template is read, according to the received information of the contract to be created, namely the contract service logic information determined by the user, a corresponding contract is created on the basis of the contract template, and the contract is written into a block chain, so that the safety and the efficient operation of the contract are ensured.
To facilitate an understanding of the above embodiments of the present application, a specific embodiment is illustrated below. In order to facilitate the user to create the contract, the embodiment provides 7 types of general templates, so that the user can conveniently create the contract based on the 7 general templates, and the user operation is simplified. Specifically, the 7 universal templates can be shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Specifically, each template may be as shown in fig. 2, including a CTemplate id, a CTemplate, and a CTemplateFork.
Where the CTempateId is a unique Id (i.e. the type identifier in the foregoing embodiment, or a one-to-one correspondence with the type identifier in the foregoing embodiment) for defining a template, and the corresponding template can be found from the blockchain by the Id of the template.
The CTemplate is the core base class of a contract template that is used to provide prototypes and base functions for a particular template, identified by Id.
The CTempleFork is a specific template implementation, inherits the functions of the CTemplate class and simultaneously implements the business logic of the CTempleFork. When a user requests to create a template, the business logic parameters required by the user can be filled in the CTempleFork, and then a contract required by the user can be generated according to the CTempleFork and the CTemplate.
Optionally, the contract template is stored in a public chain of the blockchain. A public chain is a block chain that anyone can read, send, and effectively confirm a transaction, and also participate in the consensus process. The contract template is stored in the public chain, so that each user can conveniently obtain the contract template.
Alternatively, the generated contract may be written into an application branch of the blockchain. In some blockchain applications, a blockchain data structure of a main chain and an application branched chain is adopted to take data security and data processing capability into account, and the contract in the embodiment of the application can be written into the application branched chain.
Further, when a contract is created, firstly determining the height of the current block, and then determining the parameters of the application branched chain according to the creation request; and (3) applying the branch chain parameters, creating an application branch chain and a contract, and determining the address of the contract.
In a specific embodiment, after the creation is received, it is verified whether the requested user account has enough money for creating the application branched chain, for example, the minimum required number of tokens for creating the branched chain in BigBang Core is 10000BBC, when it is determined that the user account has more than or equal to 10000BBC, the subsequent operation is executed, otherwise, the creation of the application branched chain is rejected. And then determining a hash value of the block height, defining application branched chain parameters, generating an ID and a hex of the application branched chain, and analyzing the attribute of the application branched chain through the hex. And adding an application branched chain contract template, returning a contract template address, and executing the creation of application branched transaction. Then, the node program can be restarted according to the ID of the application branch chain, and the created application branch chain information can be checked.
Optionally, the above embodiments of the present application may be applied to the BigBang Core block chain. BigBangCore is a block system built in a P2P network, and similar to the currently popular P2P digital currency system, transparent accounts are maintained in a decentralized mode, and autonomous safe management and efficient flow of user digital assets are achieved. The BigBangCore system is designed aiming at the data service requirement of the Internet of Things (IoT), a decentralized security management platform is provided for the IoT data service by using a block technology, and the performance requirements of the IoT system such as high concurrency and low delay are met.
In the above embodiments of the present application, the contracts based on the blockchain technology not only can exert the advantages of the contracts in terms of cost efficiency, but also can avoid the interference of malicious behaviors on the normal execution of the contracts. The contracts are written into the block chain in a digital form, and the characteristics of the block chain technology ensure that the whole processes of storage, reading and execution are transparent, traceable and not easy to modify. Meanwhile, a state machine system is constructed by a block chain self-contained consensus algorithm, so that contracts can run efficiently. And because the universal contract template is adopted, the user can establish the required contract based on the universal contract template, and the use is more convenient and simpler.
Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a contract implementation apparatus based on a block chain, which is used for implementing the method embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus may include:
a receiving module 301, configured to receive a contract creation request, where the request includes a type identifier of a contract requested to be created;
a determining module 302, configured to determine, according to the type identifier, an address of a contract template corresponding to the type identifier in the block chain;
the creating module 303 is configured to read a contract template according to the address, create a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and write the contract into the block chain.
In one possible implementation, the contract template includes a type identifier and parameter information required by the contract template.
In one possible implementation, the contract is written into an application branch of the block chain.
In a possible implementation manner, the creating module is specifically configured to:
determining a block height;
determining parameters of the application branch according to the request;
and applying the branched chain parameters, creating an application branched chain and a contract, and determining the address of the contract.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:
and the running module 304 is used for running the contract program according to the address of the contract.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a verification module configured to determine that there is sufficient currency in the user account sending the request for creating the contract to create the application branch before the creation module creates the contract.
In one possible implementation, the contract template is stored in a public chain of the blockchain.
In one possible implementation, the blockchain is a BigBang Core blockchain.
In the above embodiments of the present application, the contracts based on the blockchain technology not only can exert the advantages of the contracts in terms of cost efficiency, but also can avoid the interference of malicious behaviors on the normal execution of the contracts. The contracts are written into the block chain in a digital form, and the characteristics of the block chain technology ensure that the whole processes of storage, reading and execution are transparent, traceable and not easy to modify. Meanwhile, a state machine system is constructed by a block chain self-contained consensus algorithm, so that contracts can run efficiently. And because the universal contract template is adopted, the user can establish the required contract based on the universal contract template, and the use is more convenient and simpler.
Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a contract implementation device based on a block chain, as shown in fig. 4, including: a processor 401 and a memory 402 connected to the processor; the processor 401 is configured to call a computer program stored in the memory 402 to execute a block chain based contract implementation method according to any of the above embodiments.
Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform a block chain based contract implementation method as described in any of the above embodiments.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A block chain-based contract implementation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a contract creating request, wherein the request comprises a type identifier of a contract which is requested to be created;
determining the address of a contract template corresponding to the type identifier in a block chain according to the type identifier;
reading a contract template according to the address;
and creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the contract template includes a type identifier and parameter information required by the contract template.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the contract is written into an application branch of the blockchain.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein creating the respective contract comprises:
determining a block height;
determining parameters of the application branch according to the request;
and applying the branched chain parameters, creating an application branched chain and a contract, and determining the address of the contract.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and running the contract program according to the address of the contract.
6. The method of claim 3, prior to creating the contract, further comprising:
determining that there is sufficient currency in the user account sending the create contract request to create an application branch.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the contract template is stored in a public chain of the blockchain.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the blockchain is a BigBang Core blockchain.
9. A block chain based contract implementation apparatus, comprising:
the contract creating device comprises a receiving module, a generating module and a generating module, wherein the receiving module is used for receiving a contract creating request which comprises a type identifier of a contract requested to be created;
the determining module is used for determining the address of the contract template corresponding to the type identifier in the block chain according to the type identifier;
and the creating module is used for reading the contract template according to the address, creating a corresponding contract according to the received information of the contract to be created and the contract template, and writing the contract into the block chain.
10. A block chain based contract implementing apparatus, comprising: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor;
the processor is configured to invoke a computer program stored in the memory to perform the method of any of claims 1-8.
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