CN111596210B - Linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis - Google Patents
Linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN111596210B CN111596210B CN202010456608.0A CN202010456608A CN111596210B CN 111596210 B CN111596210 B CN 111596210B CN 202010456608 A CN202010456608 A CN 202010456608A CN 111596210 B CN111596210 B CN 111596210B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis. The method comprises the following steps: a distance measuring sensor is arranged below the linear motor stator, and the distance measuring sensor is used for measuring the air gap value and the slot wedge value of the motor stator; carrying out statistical analysis on measurement data of the ranging sensor, and judging whether the linear motor fails or not: and carrying out slot wedge missing fault judgment through the change of the slot wedge value, and carrying out slot wedge sinking fault judgment through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value. The invention aims at a train driven by a linear motor, an air gap on-line detection/monitoring system is arranged on a line, and whether a motor stator slot wedge fault exists is judged through analysis of an on-line air gap waveform; meanwhile, based on a statistical analysis method, the specific fault of the motor stator slot wedge is judged, strict mathematical derivation is provided, judgment is carried out through the slot wedge value and the air gap value, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor fault diagnosis, in particular to a linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis.
Background
The linear motor is a motor capable of directly converting electric energy into linear motion, can directly obtain the linear motion without a conversion mechanism, has no abrasion of transmission machinery, has simple structure, quick response and simple operation and maintenance, and is widely applied to the fields of industrial equipment, logistics transportation, information and automation systems, traffic and the like.
The bottom of the linear motor is provided with a silicon steel sheet and a slot wedge, the slot wedge can be aged and loosened gradually along with the increase of the service time of the motor, so that the height of the slot wedge is reduced slowly, and the slot wedge sinking fault or the slot wedge missing fault can be caused when the height of the slot wedge is severe, so that the driving safety is influenced.
For fault diagnosis of the linear motor, the fault diagnosis is mainly focused on the directions of air gap eccentric faults, winding turn-to-turn short circuits and the like, and for motor stator slot wedge faults frequently encountered in field operation, including slot wedge missing and slot wedge sinking faults, no definite diagnosis method exists yet. At present, a special tool is adopted to check and measure in a motor stop and standstill state, and then whether the motor stator slot wedge fault exists is judged according to the experience of a professional engineer. Aiming at the train driven by the linear motor, and the on-line detection/monitoring system of the air gap is arranged on the line, whether the motor stator slot wedge fault exists or not can be manually judged through analysis of the waveform of the on-line air gap, but the judgment basis is still based on experience, and the problems of high labor intensity, poor reliability and the like exist.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to provide a linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis, which can realize fault diagnosis of slot wedge missing and slot wedge sinking faults.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for diagnosing the stator slot wedge fault of a linear motor based on statistical analysis comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a ranging sensor below a linear motor stator, and measuring an air gap value and a slot wedge value of the motor stator by using the ranging sensor;
step 2, carrying out statistical analysis on the measurement data of the ranging sensor, and judging whether the linear motor fails or not: and carrying out slot wedge missing fault judgment through the change of the slot wedge value, and carrying out slot wedge sinking fault judgment through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value.
Further, for the train driven by the linear motor, the distance measuring sensor in step 1 is arranged in the gap between the two sleeper rails, and the probe of the distance measuring sensor is vertically upwards and is perpendicular to the running direction of the train.
Further, the air gap value of the motor stator in the step 1 is the height of the boss distance sensors at two sides of the stator groove, and the slot wedge value is the height of the bottom of the stator groove.
Further, in step 2, the statistical analysis is performed on the measurement data of the ranging sensor to determine whether the linear motor has a fault, which is specifically as follows:
let the number of teeth of the motor be N, i.e. the number of wedges and the number of air gaps be N, i=1, 2, …, N represents the wedge or the number of air gaps, the i-th wedge corresponds to the slotWedge value x i The air gap value corresponding to the ith air gap is
If x i And x i+1 If the deviation of (2) is greater than the threshold, then a wedge missing fault occurs:
ABS(x i -x i+1 )＞α·H t
wherein ABS () represents an absolute value taking operation, H t The thickness of the motor slot wedge plate is expressed, alpha is the threshold value coefficient of the slot wedge missing fault, and alpha is E [0,1]；
If x i And (3) withIf the deviation of the difference value of the wedge is larger than the threshold value compared with the groove depth value, the sinking fault of the wedge occurs:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofIndicating that at least one sequence number i is present, such that +.>Hold, H s And the groove depth value is represented, and beta is the threshold coefficient of the sinking fault of the groove wedge.
Further, the measure of the wedge sinking includes a sinking maximum and a sinking amount, wherein:
dip maximum value I 1 The definition is as follows
Wherein MIN () represents a minimum value taking operation;
number of sinkage to measure the number of wedges affected by sinkageThe number is defined as satisfyingThe sum of all wedge numbers for the condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: (1) Aiming at a train driven by a linear motor, an air gap on-line detection/monitoring system is arranged on a line, and whether a motor stator slot wedge fault exists or not is judged through analysis of an on-line air gap waveform; (2) Based on the statistical analysis method, the specific fault of the motor stator slot wedge is judged, strict mathematical derivation is provided, the slot wedge value and the air gap value are used for judging, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a distance measurement sensor and a stator air gap, slot wedge.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the stator air gap value and the slot wedge value by the sensor.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the measured air gap value and wedge value at the time of wedge missing failure.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the measured air gap value and wedge value at the time of wedge sinking failure.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis, which aims at judging the missing of a motor slot wedge and the sinking fault. According to the invention, the wedge value and the air gap value of the stator of the linear motor are measured by the sensor, so that the data of the wedge value and the air gap value are obtained. Based on a large amount of data, waveform diagrams of the slot wedge and the air gap are obtained through statistical analysis of the data, and whether the slot wedge of the motor stator fails or not is judged. Based on the fault, the specific fault type of the slot wedge of the motor is judged, namely the slot wedge missing fault or the slot wedge sinking fault.
The invention relates to a linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a ranging sensor below a linear motor stator, and measuring an air gap value and a slot wedge value of the motor stator by using the ranging sensor;
step 2, carrying out statistical analysis on the measurement data of the ranging sensor, and judging whether the linear motor fails or not: and carrying out slot wedge missing fault judgment through the change of the slot wedge value, and carrying out slot wedge sinking fault judgment through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value.
Further, for the train driven by the linear motor, the distance measuring sensor in step 1 is arranged in the gap between the two sleeper rails, and the probe of the distance measuring sensor is vertically upwards and is perpendicular to the running direction of the train.
Referring to fig. 1, the air gap value of the motor stator in step 1 is the height of the boss distance sensors on two sides of the stator groove, and the slot wedge value is the height of the bottom of the stator groove.
And a distance measuring sensor is arranged below the stator of the linear motor, when the stator passes over the sensor, the sensor can measure the gap and the gap distance of the stator, and the measured value of the gap and the gap output by a single sensor is shown in fig. 2.
When the motor has a slot wedge missing fault, the slot wedge plate does not exist, so that the slot wedge value can be obviously increased, and the increased value is equivalent to the slot wedge plate thickness, so that the slot wedge missing fault judgment can be performed through the change of the slot wedge value.
When the motor is in a normal working state, the deviation between the motor slot wedge value and the adjacent air gap value is a fixed slot depth value. When the slot wedge sinking fault occurs to the motor, the air gap value of the motor stator is basically unchanged, but the slot wedge value can be obviously reduced, so that the slot wedge sinking fault can be judged through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value.
Further, in step 2, the statistical analysis is performed on the measurement data of the ranging sensor to determine whether the linear motor has a fault, which is specifically as follows:
let the number of teeth of the motor be N, i.e. the number of wedges and the number of air gaps be N, i=1, 2, …, N represents the wedge or air gap number, and the wedge value corresponding to the i-th wedge is x i The air gap value corresponding to the ith air gap is
If x i And x i+1 If the deviation of (2) is greater than the threshold, a wedge missing fault occurs as shown in fig. 3:
ABS(x i -x i+1 )＞α·H t
wherein ABS () represents an absolute value taking operation, H t The thickness of the motor slot wedge plate is expressed, alpha is the threshold value coefficient of the slot wedge missing fault, and alpha is E [0,1]The non-circularity of the wheel set is generally determined, and the value can be generally 0.85-0.9 by experience.
If x i And (3) withIf the difference between the slot wedge dip fault and the slot depth value is greater than the threshold value, the slot wedge dip fault occurs as shown in fig. 4:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofIndicating that at least one sequence number i is present, such that +.>Hold, H s The value of the groove depth is represented, beta is the threshold coefficient of the sinking fault of the groove wedge, and the value can be generally 0.85-0.9 by experience.
Unlike wedge loss, which is typically sporadically found in a single wedge, wedge sinking is typically a failure of a group of wedges, and the severity of the sinking failure can be measured by two indicators: dip maximum and dip number, wherein:
dip maximum value I 1 The definition is as follows
Wherein MIN () represents a minimum value taking operation;
the number of sinking is defined as the number of wedge to measure sinking effectThe sum of all wedge numbers for the condition.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a linear motor with a tooth number pair N of 80, i.e. the number of slot wedges and the number of air gaps of 80, i=1, 2, … indicates the slot wedge or the number of air gaps, and the slot wedge value corresponding to the i slot wedge is x i The air gap value corresponding to the ith air gap is
If x i And x i+1 If a large deviation occurs in the wedge value, a wedge missing fault occurs, and the 41 st wedge value x is shown in fig. 3 41 =26.08, 42 th slot wedge value mutates x 42 = 30.56, then
ABS(x 41 -x 42 )＝4.48
Wherein ABS () represents an absolute value taking operation, H t Represents the thickness of the motor slot wedge plate, H in the example t =3mm, α is the slot wedge failure threshold coefficient, and in the example α=0.85 is taken as an empirical value. Then alpha.H t ＝0.85×3＝2.55。
In conclusion, the ABS (x) i -x i+1 )＞α·H t Therefore, the fault judgment of the slot wedge missing is performed through the change of the slot wedge value.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, a pair of teeth N of a linear motor is provided, that is, the number of slot wedges and the number of air gaps are 80, i=1, 2,..80 represents the slot wedge or the number of air gaps, and the slot wedge value corresponding to the i slot wedge is x i The air gap value corresponding to the ith air gap is
If x i And (3) withIf a large deviation occurs in the difference between the slot depth value and the slot wedge sinking fault occurs, as shown in fig. 4, 39 th slot wedge value x 39 Air gap value =24.36>Then at least when there is i=39,
in addition H s Represents the motor slot depth value, in the example H s =3 mm, β is the slot wedge failure threshold coefficient, and β=0.85 is taken as an empirical value in the example. beta.H s ＝0.85×3＝2.55。
To sum up obviously satisfyTherefore, the fault judgment of the sinking of the slot wedge is carried out through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value.
Unlike wedge loss, which is typically sporadically found in a single wedge, wedge sinking is typically a failure of a group of wedges, and the severity of the sinking failure can be measured by two indicators: a dip maximum and a dip number, wherein the dip maximum measures the dip amount and the dip number measures the number of wedge affected by the dip.
According to the definition of the occurrence of the slot wedge sinking fault in the summary of the invention, slot wedge numbers satisfying the definition as shown in fig. 4 are:
31 th slot wedge value x 31 Air gap value =25.54
The 32 th slot wedge value x 32 Air gap value =25.42
34 th slot wedge value x 34 Air gap value =25.36
35 th slot wedge value x 35 Air gap value =25
36 th slot wedge value x 36 Air gap value =25.05
37 th slot wedge value x 37 Air gap value = 24.83
38 th slot wedge value x 38 Air gap value =24.72
39 th slot wedge value x 39 Air gap value =24.36
40 th slot wedge value x 40 Air gap value =24.58
41 th slot wedge value x 41 Air gap value = 24.51
42 th slot wedge value x 42 Air gap value =24.57
43 th slot wedge value x 43 Air gap value = 24.88
44 th slot wedge value x 44 Air gap value =24.66
45 th slot wedge value x 45 Air gap value =24.75
46 th slot wedge value x 46 Air gap value = 24.84
47 th slot wedge value x 47 Air gap value =24.81
48 th slot wedge value x 48 Air gap value =25.06
50 th slot wedge value x 50 Air gap value = 25.27
52 th slot wedge value x 52 Air gap value =25.13
To sum up, the minimum sink value in example 2 is defined as the minimum difference between the 39 th slot wedge value and the air gap value:the number is 19 as defined by the sink number.
The invention aims at a train driven by a linear motor, an air gap on-line detection/monitoring system is arranged on a line, and whether a motor stator slot wedge fault exists is judged through analysis of an on-line air gap waveform; meanwhile, based on a statistical analysis method, the specific fault of the motor stator slot wedge is judged, strict mathematical derivation is provided, judgment is carried out through the slot wedge value and the air gap value, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Claims (1)
1. A linear motor stator slot wedge fault diagnosis method based on statistical analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, installing a ranging sensor below a linear motor stator, and measuring an air gap value and a slot wedge value of the motor stator by using the ranging sensor;
step 2, carrying out statistical analysis on the measurement data of the ranging sensor, and judging whether the linear motor fails or not: performing slot wedge missing fault judgment through the change of the slot wedge value, and performing slot wedge sinking fault judgment through the deviation of the slot wedge value and the air gap value;
aiming at a train driven by a linear motor, the ranging sensor is arranged in a gap between two sleeper rails in the step 1, and a probe of the ranging sensor is vertically upwards and is vertical to the running direction of the train;
step 1, the air gap value of the motor stator is the height of the boss distance sensors at two sides of the stator groove, and the slot wedge value is the height of the bottom of the stator groove from the distance sensors;
and step 2, carrying out statistical analysis on the measurement data of the ranging sensor to judge whether the linear motor has faults or not, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
let the number of teeth of the motor be N, i.e. the number of wedges and the number of air gaps be N, i=1, 2, …, N represents the wedge or air gap number, and the wedge value corresponding to the i-th wedge is x i The air gap value corresponding to the ith air gap is
If x i And x i+1 If the deviation of (2) is greater than the threshold, then a wedge missing fault occurs:
ABS(x i -x i+1 )>α·H t
wherein ABS () represents an absolute value taking operation, H t The thickness of the motor slot wedge plate is expressed, alpha is the threshold value coefficient of the slot wedge missing fault, and alpha is E [0,1]；
If x i And (3) withIf the deviation of the difference value of (2) from the groove depth value is smaller than the threshold value, the groove wedge sinking fault occurs:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofIndicating that at least one sequence number i is present, such that +.>Hold, H s Representing the groove depth value, wherein beta is a threshold coefficient of the sinking fault of the groove wedge, and the value of beta is 0.85-0.9;
the measure of the wedge sinking comprises a sinking maximum value and a sinking quantity, wherein:
dip maximum value I 1 The definition is as follows
Wherein MIN () represents a minimum value taking operation;
the number of sinking is defined as the number of wedge to measure sinking effectThe sum of all wedge numbers for the condition.
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| WO2012045353A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | Abb Research Ltd | Detection of a missing stator slot wedge in an electrical machine |
| CN109323675B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-09-08 | 南京航轩轨道交通科技有限公司 | Online detection method for air gap of linear motor |
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| 直线电机气隙在线检测系统设计与实现;陈晓亮等;《现代城市轨道交通》;20200401(第2期);1-6 * |
| 直线电机气隙监测技术的实际应用与展望;李晓康等;《城市轨道交通研究》;20150610(第5期);124-127 * |
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