CN111595261A - Portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device and method for fixed measurement - Google Patents
Portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device and method for fixed measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN111595261A CN111595261A CN202010446300.8A CN202010446300A CN111595261A CN 111595261 A CN111595261 A CN 111595261A CN 202010446300 A CN202010446300 A CN 202010446300A CN 111595261 A CN111595261 A CN 111595261A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device and method for fixed measurement, and belongs to the technical field of rail transit. The device comprises a fixing mechanism, a measuring assembly, an adjusting mechanism, a sensing mechanism and a calibrating mechanism, wherein the measuring assembly is connected with the fixing mechanism through the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the installation position of the measuring assembly; the sensing mechanism main body is fixedly arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the calibrating mechanism is arranged on the wheel and used for calibrating the installation of the measuring assembly. The device has the advantages of small and exquisite structure, portability and high measurement precision, and meanwhile, by adopting the measurement method, the mounting position of the measurement component is optimized, and particularly, the measurement point is calibrated by adopting the calibration block during measurement, so that the measurement point can be accurately positioned, the error caused by inaccurate measurement position is eliminated, and the measurement precision is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device and method for fixed measurement.
Background
Rail transit refers to a type of vehicle or transportation system in which operating vehicles need to travel on a particular rail. The most typical rail transit is a railway system consisting of conventional trains and standard railways. With the diversified development of train and railway technologies, rail transit is more and more types, and is not only distributed in long-distance land transportation, but also widely applied to medium-short distance urban public transportation. With the high-speed development of economy, the requirement standard of rail transit and the improvement of train speed, the failure of a vehicle running part attracts more and more attention. When a vehicle is running, a wheel, which is one of running members of the vehicle, is affected by various factors, so that uneven wear of the wheel occurs, and finally, irregular wear, out-of-round and the like of the wheel occur.
However, the wheel run-out is an important index for measuring the out-of-round state of the wheel, and the wheel run-out refers to the difference between the maximum radius and the minimum radius of a circle on a wheel tread, which takes an axis as the center. When the wheel diameter jumping value exceeds a certain limit value, the faults of vehicle parts can be caused, and meanwhile, the vehicle can generate periodic vibration and the generation of larger noise, so that the riding comfort of passengers is reduced; in severe cases, even vehicle safety accidents can be caused, and casualties can be caused. At present, a method for processing wheel diameter runout generally comprises turning a wheel, and although turning can effectively solve the problem of wheel diameter runout to a certain extent, the wheel can be damaged, so that the service life of the wheel is shortened, and meanwhile, the normal operation of a vehicle is influenced.
Through search, the Chinese patent application numbers are: 200720076529.7, filing date: on 8 th 11 th 2007, the invention and creation name is: a portable device for measuring the out-of-roundness and the diameter of a railway wheel. The measuring device of this application includes base, measuring mechanism adjusting positioning device, sensor and acquisition controller. Wherein, collection controller, rotary encoder A, rotary encoder B, measuring mechanism adjust positioner and magnetism magnet are installed at the base. When the measuring device in the application is used, the measuring and positioning device cannot ensure that an instantaneous measuring point passes through a normal line, namely, a measuring tread circle is always at a nominal rolling circle position, so that the difference between a measured result and an actual value is large, and the accuracy is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to overcome the defect that when the conventional wheel diameter jump measuring device is used for measuring, the measuring precision is low due to large errors caused by difficulty in accurately positioning the measuring position, and provides a fixed-measurement portable device and method for measuring the circumferential profile of the wheel tread. The technical scheme of the invention can ensure that the measuring point is always at the nominal rolling circle position of the wheel tread, the real wheel diameter jump value is obtained through measurement, the real abrasion state of the wheel is reflected, the measuring precision can be further improved, and the waste of human resources is avoided.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement, which comprises a fixing mechanism, a measuring assembly, an adjusting mechanism, an induction mechanism and a calibration mechanism, wherein the measuring assembly is connected with the fixing mechanism through the adjusting mechanism; the sensing mechanism main body is fixedly arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the calibrating mechanism is arranged on the wheel and used for calibrating the installation of the measuring assembly.
Furthermore, the measuring assembly comprises a mounting bracket, a point laser, a metering wheel and an encoder, wherein the point laser is mounted on the mounting bracket through a point laser mounting bracket; the meter wheel is connected with the encoder and is arranged on the mounting bracket through a meter wheel bracket; the fixing mechanism adopts a magnetic seat, a trapezoidal groove matched with the rail is processed at the bottom of the fixing mechanism, and the top of the fixing mechanism is a plane.
Furthermore, a kidney-shaped groove is processed on one vertical side plate of the mounting bracket along the horizontal direction, an arc-shaped groove is processed on the other vertical side plate along the vertical direction, and a bottom plate of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected with the adjusting mechanism; and a spring is arranged below the meter wheel bracket.
Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism comprises a base, a sliding seat and an adjusting screw rod, wherein a sliding block guide rail matched with the sliding seat is fixedly installed on the base, the adjusting screw rod is installed through a bearing seat, and the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the inside of the sliding seat and is matched with a threaded hole in the sliding seat.
Furthermore, the sliding seat comprises a first sliding seat and a second sliding seat which are vertically arranged along the horizontal direction, a sliding block guide rail matched with the second sliding seat is fixedly arranged on the first sliding seat, and an adjusting screw rod matched with the second sliding seat is arranged through a bearing seat; the mounting bracket is fixedly connected with the second sliding seat through a screw.
Furthermore, the induction mechanism comprises a hose and an induction block, the hose can be bent and shaped at will, one end of the hose is connected with the base, the other end of the hose is a free end and is provided with a proximity switch, and the induction block is a cylindrical magnet block.
Furthermore, the calibration mechanism comprises a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate which are vertically distributed, a square magnet is arranged on the inner side of the first positioning plate, and the outer side of the square magnet is flush with the inner side of the first positioning plate or lower than the inner side of the first positioning plate; and the second positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole.
Furthermore, the calibration mechanism further comprises a cylindrical rod, the cylindrical rod is tightly attached to and symmetrically distributed along two sides of the inner side of the second positioning plate, and one end of the cylindrical rod is fastened to the inner side of the first positioning plate.
The invention discloses a fixed-measurement portable wheel tread circumferential contour measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, installing a device;
step two, adjusting the installation position of the measuring assembly to ensure the measuring precision;
and step three, controlling the measuring process by adopting a control module, realizing automatic measurement of the circumferential profile of the wheel tread and obtaining a real wheel diameter jump value.
Furthermore, in the first step, the fixing mechanism is adsorbed on the rail; the first positioning plate of the calibration mechanism is adsorbed on one side of the inner rim surface of the wheel, the cylindrical rod is tightly attached to the vertex circle of the rim of the wheel, and the center line of the positioning hole is over against the nominal rolling circle of the tread of the wheel; the induction block of the induction mechanism is adsorbed on one side of the inner rim surface of the wheel;
adjusting the relative positions of the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat and the mounting angles of the point laser and the meter wheel, so that the light of the point laser vertically penetrates through the positioning hole and passes through the axle center of the wheel, and the meter wheel is attached to the tread of the wheel;
and in the third step, the shape of the hose is adjusted to enable the proximity switch on the hose to be close to the induction block, the proximity switch is triggered, then the wheel is driven to rotate, the wheel rotates to drive the meter wheel to rotate, wheel diameter jump data is obtained through measurement, the wheel keeps rotating until the proximity switch is triggered next time, and the measurement is finished.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement comprises a fixing mechanism, a measuring assembly, an adjusting mechanism, an induction mechanism and a calibration mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism is arranged on a rail; in addition, through the arrangement of the calibration mechanism, the measuring point can be accurately positioned, the measuring point is ensured to be always at the nominal rolling circle position of the wheel tread, a real wheel diameter jump value is obtained through measurement, and the real abrasion state of the wheel is reflected, so that the measuring error is greatly reduced, and the measuring precision is improved.
(2) According to the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement, the fixing mechanism adopts the magnetic base, the magnetic base is used, the magnetic base can be directly adsorbed on a rail, the mounting and the dismounting are simple and convenient, and the portability is strong; simultaneously, through processing the bottom of magnetic force seat for with rail assorted trapezoidal recess, be favorable to increasing its and the adsorption affinity of rail to can be fixed in the device overall stability on the rail, be difficult for droing the slip, guarantee its measurement accuracy, and the device structure is small and exquisite, conveniently realizes portable measurement.
(3) According to the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement, the adjusting mechanism comprises a base, a sliding seat and an adjusting screw rod, a sliding block guide rail which is in sliding fit with the sliding seat is mounted on the base, the position movement of the sliding seat is adjusted through the arrangement of the adjusting screw rod, and the device is convenient and rapid; more optimally, this adjustment mechanism includes first slide and the second slide that sets up along the horizontal direction mutually perpendicular, and all is equipped with accommodate the lead screw on two slides, realizes the removal of two slides through rotating accommodate the lead screw's knob to realize the regulation of four preceding, back, left and right sides of slide mounted position, easy operation is favorable to realizing quick adjustment.
(4) According to the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement, the specific structure of the mounting bracket of the measuring assembly is optimally designed, particularly, a waist-shaped groove is processed on one vertical side plate of the mounting bracket along the horizontal direction, and an arc-shaped groove is processed on the other vertical side plate along the vertical direction. The waist-shaped groove is designed to adjust the mounting position of the metering wheel, so that the metering wheel can be attached to the wheel tread, and a spring is arranged below the metering wheel bracket and used for supporting the metering wheel, so that the metering wheel is ensured to be attached to the wheel tread all the time during measurement, and is not easy to fall off, and the measurement precision can be effectively improved; meanwhile, the design of the arc-shaped groove is convenient for adjusting the pitch angle of the point laser, so that the mounting position of the point laser can be adjusted quickly, the measuring point can be accurately positioned, and the accuracy of the measuring result can be further improved.
(5) According to the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement, the induction mechanism comprises the hose and the induction block, the induction block is a cylindrical magnet block and can be directly adsorbed on the inner rim surface of the wheel to be installed, the proximity switch is arranged at one end of the hose and is matched with the induction block for use, and the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device is small and exquisite and simple in structure. Meanwhile, the hose is designed into a structure capable of being bent at will, is convenient to adjust and is suitable for being used in different installation environments. The square magnet is installed on the inner side of the first positioning plate of the calibration mechanism, the whole mechanism is installed on a wheel through the square magnet, and the cylindrical rod is arranged to be closely attached to the top point circle of the rim of the wheel, so that accurate positioning of a measuring point is facilitated, errors caused by inaccurate measuring positions are eliminated, and the measuring precision of the device is further improved.
(6) According to the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring method for fixed measurement, due to the fact that the installation mode of the device is optimized, the installation position of the measuring assembly is adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, and the internal fine adjustment of the measuring assembly structure is combined, laser emitted by the point laser can vertically penetrate through the positioning hole of the calibrating mechanism and pass through the axle center of the wheel, so that the measuring point can be accurately and rapidly positioned, the wheel diameter jump at the nominal rolling circle of the wheel tread is measured, the precision is improved, and human resources are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the measuring assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation relationship of the spot laser bracket according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation relationship of the metering wheel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the sensing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the alignment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the state of use of the device of the present invention in testing.
In the figure:
1. a fixing mechanism;
2. the adjusting mechanism comprises:
200. a base; 201. a first slider guide rail; 202. a first slider; 203. a first bearing housing; 204. a first adjusting screw rod; 205. a second slider guide; 206. a second slide carriage; 207. a second bearing housing; 208. a second adjusting screw rod;
3. a measuring component:
300. point laser; 301. point laser mounting frames; 302. a bolt; 303. an encoder; 304. a meter wheel; 305. a rotating shaft; 306. mounting a bracket; 3061. a kidney-shaped groove; 3062. an arc-shaped slot; 307. a metering wheel bracket; 3071. a spring;
4. the induction mechanism:
400. a hose; 401. a proximity switch; 402. an induction block;
5. the calibration mechanism:
500. a first positioning plate; 501. a second positioning plate; 502. positioning holes; 503. a square magnet; 504. a cylindrical rod;
6. a wheel tread; 7. the inner rim surface of the wheel; 8. a rail.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement according to the embodiment includes a fixing mechanism 1, a measuring assembly 3, an adjusting mechanism 2, an induction mechanism 4 and a calibration mechanism 5, wherein the fixing mechanism 1 adopts a magnetic base, and can be directly adsorbed on a rail 8 by using the magnetic base, so that the portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device is simple and convenient to install and disassemble, and has strong portability; meanwhile, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a trapezoidal groove matched with the rail 8 is processed at the bottom of the fixing mechanism 1, the design of the trapezoidal groove is favorable for increasing the adsorption force between the fixing mechanism and the rail 8, so that the device can be integrally and stably fixed on the rail 8 and is not easy to fall off and slide, the measurement precision is further ensured, the top of the device is a plane, and the adjusting mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the top of the fixing mechanism 1 through a screw.
The adjusting mechanism 2 comprises a base 200, a sliding seat and an adjusting screw rod, a sliding block guide rail matched with the sliding seat is fixedly mounted on the base 200, the adjusting screw rod is mounted through a bearing seat, and the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the inside of the sliding seat and is matched with a threaded hole in the sliding seat. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding block guide rails in sliding fit with the sliding seat are symmetrically installed on two sides of the base 200, the bearing seats are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the other sides of the base 200, the adjusting screw rod is supported and installed on the bearing seats, and the sliding seat is driven to move on the sliding block guide rails through the threaded fit of the sliding seat and the adjusting screw rod by rotating the adjusting screw rod knob, so that the installation position of the sliding seat can be adjusted, the operation is simple and convenient, and the adjustment is quick.
The measuring component 3 comprises a mounting bracket 306, a point laser 300, a meter wheel 304 and an encoder 303, wherein a bottom plate of the mounting bracket 306 is fixedly mounted on a sliding seat of the adjusting mechanism 2, and then is connected with the fixing mechanism 1, and the position of the measuring component can be adjusted along with the position movement of the sliding seat. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3-5, the point laser 300 is mounted on the mounting bracket 306 through a point laser mounting bracket 301; the metering wheel 304 is connected to the encoder 303 and is mounted to a rotating shaft 305 via a metering wheel bracket 307, the rotating shaft 305 being mounted to a mounting bracket 306. During measurement, the point laser 300 is used for positioning, the meter counting wheel 304 is tightly attached to the wheel tread 6, when the wheel rotates, the meter counting wheel 304 can keep rotating at the same linear speed as the wheel tread 6, and finally, measurement data are processed to obtain a real wheel diameter jump value.
As shown in fig. 6, the sensing mechanism 4 includes a flexible tube 400 and a sensing block 402, one end of the flexible tube 400 is connected to the base 200, and the other end is a free end and is installed with a proximity switch 401, and the flexible tube 400 can be bent and shaped arbitrarily, so that the adjustment is convenient, and the flexible tube is suitable for being used in different installation environments. The induction block 402 is a cylindrical magnet block, can be directly adsorbed on the inner rim surface 7 of the wheel for installation, and has a small and exquisite and simple structure.
The calibration mechanism 5 is separately provided and mounted on the wheel for calibrating the mounting of the measuring assembly 3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the calibration mechanism 5 includes a first positioning plate 500 and a second positioning plate 501 that are vertically distributed, the first positioning plate 500 and the second positioning plate 501 are L-shaped and are mounted (or can be integrally formed), a square magnet 503 is mounted on the inner side of the first positioning plate 500, and the outer side of the square magnet 503 is flush with the inner side of the first positioning plate 500 or slightly lower than the inner side of the first positioning plate 500. The second positioning plate 501 is provided with positioning holes 502, and the calibration mechanism 5 further includes two cylindrical rods 504, in this embodiment, the number of the cylindrical rods 504 is two, the two cylindrical rods 504 are tightly attached and symmetrically distributed along two sides of the inner side of the second positioning plate 501, and one end of each cylindrical rod is fastened to the inner side of the first positioning plate 500. When the whole calibration mechanism is installed on a wheel, the cylindrical rod 504 is tightly attached to the top point circle of the wheel rim, so that the accurate positioning of a measuring point is facilitated, errors caused by inaccurate measuring positions are eliminated, and the measuring precision of the device is further improved.
Example 2
The portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring device for fixed measurement in the embodiment has a structure basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is mainly different from the following steps: the slide includes first slide 202 and the second slide 206 of setting along horizontal direction mutually perpendicular, and is concrete, as shown in fig. 2, base 200 top both sides (be the base left and right sides in fig. 2) all are equipped with first slider guide rail 201, and its other both sides in top (be both sides around the base in fig. 2) all are equipped with first bearing frame 203, and install first accommodate the lead screw 204 between two bearing frames. Similarly, two sides of the top of the first sliding seat 202 (i.e. the front and back sides of the first sliding seat in fig. 2) are provided with second sliding guide rails 205, the other two sides of the top of the first sliding seat (i.e. the left and right sides of the second sliding seat in fig. 2) are provided with second bearing seats 207, and a second adjusting screw 208 is installed between the two bearing seats. The mounting bracket 306 of the measuring component 3 is fixedly mounted at the top of the second slide seat 206, and the relative movement of the two slide seats is controlled by respectively rotating the adjusting knobs of the first adjusting screw rod 204 and the second adjusting screw rod 208, so that the whole measuring component 3 is driven to move in the front, the rear, the left and the right directions, the operation is simple, the accurate positioning of a measuring point is favorably and quickly realized, and the measuring error is reduced.
In addition, a waist-shaped groove 3061 is processed on one vertical side plate of the mounting bracket 306 along the horizontal direction, and an arc-shaped groove 3062 is processed on the other vertical side plate along the vertical direction. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the rotating shaft 305 is mounted on a side plate of the mounting bracket 306, one end of the rotating shaft 305 is mounted in the kidney-shaped groove 3061, and when the mounting and adjustment are performed, the rotating shaft 305 moves to a proper position in the kidney-shaped groove 3061 and is fastened by a screw. As shown in fig. 5, the meter wheel support 307 is connected to the rotating shaft 305, a cylindrical protrusion is arranged below the meter wheel support 307, a spring 3071 is sleeved on the cylindrical protrusion, one end of the spring 3071 is fixedly connected to the meter wheel support 307, and the other end of the spring is pressed on the top of the sliding seat of the adjusting mechanism 2 to support the meter wheel 304, so that the meter wheel 304 is ensured to be always attached to the wheel tread 6 during measurement, and is not easy to fall off, and the measurement accuracy can be effectively improved. As shown in fig. 4, the point laser 300 is mounted on the top plate of the point laser mounting frame 301, the front end of the side plate is fixedly connected with the side plate of the mounting bracket 306 through the bolt 302, and the rear end of the side plate is mounted in the arc-shaped groove 3062 through a screw, so that the screw slides along the arc-shaped groove 3062, and the pitch angle of the point laser 300 can be adjusted, thereby quickly positioning the measurement point, and facilitating further improvement of the accuracy of the measurement result.
Example 3
The portable wheel tread circumferential contour measuring method for fixed measurement in the embodiment adopts the measuring device in the embodiment 2, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
step one, installing a device;
after the measuring component 3, the adjusting mechanism 2 and the sensing mechanism 4 are respectively installed, the measuring component is fixed on the fixing mechanism 1 and then adsorbed on the rail 8. Meanwhile, the first positioning plate 500 of the calibration mechanism 5 is adsorbed on one side of the wheel inner rim surface 7, so that the cylindrical rod 504 is tightly attached to the wheel rim vertex circle, and the central line of the positioning hole 502 is ensured to be over against the nominal rolling circle of the wheel tread. The sensing block 402 of the sensing mechanism 4 is attached to the other side of the wheel inner rim surface 7, and the shape of the hose 400 is adjusted to enable the proximity switch 401 on the hose to be close to the sensing block 402.
Step two, adjusting the installation position of the measuring assembly to ensure the measuring precision;
adjusting the relative positions of the first sliding seat 202 and the second sliding seat 206 to enable the sliding seats and the measuring components 3 fixedly installed on the sliding seats to be integrally close to the wheel, then finely adjusting the installation position of the meter counting wheel 304 to enable the meter counting wheel 304 to be attached to the wheel tread 6, then rotating an adjusting screw rod knob, and observing whether the light of the point laser 300 passes through the positioning hole 502 without being shielded, appears on the wheel tread 6 and vertically passes through the axle center of the wheel. If the light of the point laser 300 inclines, the screw on the point laser mounting frame 301 is adjusted to move along the arc-shaped groove 3062, so that the light of the point laser 300 is vertically irradiated in the positioning hole 502, the first sliding seat 202 and the second sliding seat 206 of the adjusting mechanism 2 are repeatedly adjusted to move back and forth, left and right, the pitch angle of the point laser 300 and the position of the calibrating mechanism 5 until the light of the point laser 300 vertically and smoothly passes through the positioning hole 502 to irradiate on the wheel tread 6, and the preparation work is completed. The device of the invention has simple and convenient adjustment operation and can quickly and accurately position the measuring point, thereby reducing the measuring error and greatly improving the measuring precision.
Measuring the circumferential profile of the wheel tread by the rotating wheel, and processing the measured data to obtain a real wheel diameter jump value;
when the wheel rotates, the proximity switch 401 starts to record data when being triggered by the sensing block 402 for the first time, and the acquisition is finished when the proximity switch 401 is triggered by the sensing block 402 again. And the metering wheel 304 is tightly attached to the wheel tread surface 6 during measurement, and when the wheel rotates, the metering wheel 304 can keep rotating at the same linear speed as the wheel tread surface 6. The meter wheel 304 rotates to enable the encoder 303 to generate pulse signals, a displacement value of the point laser 300 is recorded at intervals of a certain pulse number n until the wheel rotates for one circle, and when the measured pulse number of the last point is less than n, a displacement value is also recorded. This results in a data set, i.e. the X-coordinate is the number of pulses, starting with 0 and recording a Y-coordinate (displacement value) every N pulses until the last pulse N (N is not necessarily an integer multiple of N). The measured data were then processed as follows:
(1) calculating wheel diameter
Given that the circumference of the meter wheel 304 is C, the number of pulses generated by the meter wheel 304 driving the encoder 303 to rotate one revolution is M, the total number of pulses generated by the wheel rotating one revolution is N, when the wheel rotates one revolution, the meter wheel 304 rotates N/M revolutions, the circumference of the wheel is NC/M, and therefore, the diameter of the wheel is:
(2) calculating the radius of the wheel tread at each point
The displacement value obtained by the scheme can be converted into the radius of each point of the wheel tread surface 6, and the collected original data is assumed to be (X)i，Yi) Wherein X isiThe pulse serial number corresponding to each measuring point is taken as 0, N, 2N, 3N … … N, YiFor the displacement value of each measurement point, the number of data collected is k. In the present measurement scheme, the larger the displacement value, the smaller the radius corresponding to the measurement point. The average displacement value in one circle of the wheel is measured as follows:
converting the displacement value at each measuring point into the wheel radius, and simultaneously converting the pulse sequence number at each measuring point into the wheel circumference coordinate:
(3) calculating wheel runout
And finding out the large radius and the minimum radius from the obtained radius of each point of the wheel tread 6, wherein the difference value of the large radius and the minimum radius is the radial run-out.
(4) Calculating the eccentricity
By calculated (X'i，Y'i) Performing circle fitting to obtain the coordinates (a, b) of the center of the fitting circle, wherein the eccentricity is
(5) Calculating ovality
By calculated (X'i，Y'i) And (5) carrying out ellipse fitting to obtain the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse, wherein the difference between the major axis and the minor axis is the ellipticity.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fixed portable wheel tread circumference profile measuring device of measuring, includes fixed establishment (1) and measuring component (3), its characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising an adjusting mechanism (2), an induction mechanism (4) and a calibration mechanism (5), wherein the measuring component (3) is connected with the fixing mechanism (1) through the adjusting mechanism (2), and the adjusting mechanism (2) is used for adjusting the installation position of the measuring component (3); the sensing mechanism (4) is fixedly arranged on the adjusting mechanism (2), and the calibrating mechanism (5) is arranged on the wheel and used for calibrating the installation of the measuring component (3).
2. The portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device of fixed measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring assembly (3) comprises a mounting bracket (306), a point laser (300), a metering wheel (304) and an encoder (303), wherein the point laser (300) is mounted on the mounting bracket (306) through a point laser mounting rack (301); the meter wheel (304) is connected with the encoder (303) and is fixed on the mounting bracket (306) through a meter wheel bracket (307); the fixing mechanism (1) adopts a magnetic seat, the bottom of the fixing mechanism is provided with a trapezoidal groove matched with the rail (8), and the top of the fixing mechanism is a plane.
3. A fixed measurement portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: a waist-shaped groove (3061) is processed on one vertical side plate of the mounting bracket (306) along the horizontal direction, an arc-shaped groove (3062) is processed on the other vertical side plate along the vertical direction, and a bottom plate of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected with the adjusting mechanism (2); and a spring (3071) is arranged below the meter wheel bracket (307).
4. A fixed measurement portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: adjustment mechanism (2) include base (200), slide and accommodate the lead screw, fixed mounting has the slider guide rail with slide assorted on base (200) to install accommodate the lead screw through the bearing frame, inside this accommodate the lead screw runs through the slide, and with the screw hole phase-match in the slide.
5. A fixed measurement portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: the sliding base comprises a first sliding base (202) and a second sliding base (206) which are vertically arranged along the horizontal direction, a sliding block guide rail matched with the second sliding base (206) is fixedly arranged on the first sliding base (202), and an adjusting screw rod matched with the second sliding base (206) is arranged through a bearing seat; the mounting bracket (306) is fixedly connected with the second sliding seat (206) through a screw.
6. A portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device of fixed measurement according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the induction mechanism (4) comprises a hose (400) and an induction block (402), the hose (400) can be bent and shaped at will, one end of the hose is connected with the base (200), the other end of the hose is a free end and is provided with a proximity switch (401), and the induction block (402) is a cylindrical magnet block.
7. The portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device of claim 6, wherein: the calibration mechanism (5) comprises a first positioning plate (500) and a second positioning plate (501) which are vertically distributed, a square magnet (503) is installed on the inner side of the first positioning plate (500), and the outer side of the square magnet (503) is flush with the inner side of the first positioning plate (500) or lower than the inner side of the first positioning plate (500); and a positioning hole (502) is formed in the second positioning plate (501).
8. The portable wheel tread circumferential profile measuring device of claim 7, wherein: the calibration mechanism (5) further comprises a cylindrical rod (504), the cylindrical rod (504) is tightly attached to and symmetrically distributed along two sides of the inner side of the second positioning plate (501), and one end of the cylindrical rod is fastened to the inner side of the first positioning plate (500).
9. A fixed-measurement portable wheel tread circumferential contour measurement method is characterized in that: use of a measuring device according to any of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
step one, installing a device;
step two, adjusting the installation position of the measuring assembly to ensure the measuring precision;
and step three, measuring the circumferential profile of the wheel tread by the rotating wheel to obtain a real wheel diameter jump value.
10. The portable wheel tread circumferential profile measurement method of fixed measurement according to claim 9, wherein:
in the first step, the fixing mechanism (1) is adsorbed on a rail (8); a first positioning plate (500) of the calibration mechanism (5) is adsorbed on one side of a wheel inner rim surface (7), a cylindrical rod (504) is tightly attached to a wheel rim vertex circle, and the center line of a positioning hole (502) is over against a nominal rolling circle of a wheel tread; the induction block (402) of the induction mechanism (4) is adsorbed on one side of the inner rim surface (7) of the wheel;
in the second step, adjusting the relative positions of the first sliding seat (202) and the second sliding seat (206) and the installation angles of the point laser (300) and the meter counting wheel (304), enabling the light of the point laser (300) to vertically penetrate through the positioning hole (502) and pass through the axle center of the wheel, and enabling the meter counting wheel (304) to be attached to the wheel tread (6);
in the third step, the shape of the hose (400) is adjusted, the proximity switch (401) on the hose is close to the induction block (402), the proximity switch (401) is triggered, then the wheel is driven to rotate, the wheel rotates to drive the meter counting wheel (304) to rotate, wheel diameter jump value data is obtained through measurement, the wheel keeps rotating until the proximity switch (401) is triggered next time, and the measurement is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112362019A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-12 | 广州计量检测技术研究院 | Wheel tread contour detector calibration measurement method, system and device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112362019A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-12 | 广州计量检测技术研究院 | Wheel tread contour detector calibration measurement method, system and device |
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