CN111594209A - Hard rock tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Hard rock tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111594209A CN111594209A CN202010478095.3A CN202010478095A CN111594209A CN 111594209 A CN111594209 A CN 111594209A CN 202010478095 A CN202010478095 A CN 202010478095A CN 111594209 A CN111594209 A CN 111594209A
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- cantilever
- swing
- boring machine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1053—Making by using boring or cutting machines for making a slit along the perimeter of the tunnel profile, the remaining core being removed subsequently, e.g. by blasting
Abstract
The invention discloses a hard rock tunnel boring machine and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems that a boring machine cutter in the prior art is easy to wear and a boring mode is inflexible. The multi-freedom-degree chain saw comprises a walking driving system, wherein a swing mechanism is arranged on the walking driving system, a multi-freedom-degree swing arm mechanism is arranged on the swing mechanism, and a plate type chain saw mechanism is arranged on the multi-freedom-degree swing arm mechanism. The invention relates to a cantilever chain saw type tunneling machine, which is characterized in that a plate type chain saw mechanism is used for cutting a tunnel face in a partitioning manner, and then the tunnel face is cracked through a cracking device, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved; the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism can be gradually stretched and rotated at multiple angles, so that the plate type chain saw mechanism can flexibly cut the tunnel face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling machines, in particular to a hard rock tunnel tunneling machine and a construction method thereof.
Background
A rock breaking mode adopted by a traditional tunnel hard rock tunneling machine (TBM) is a hob mechanical rock breaking mode, and is influenced by the rock breaking mode, the tunneling section of the TBM is circular, the tunneling distance is long, the rock slag size is small, the consumed energy is high, and the cutter is seriously abraded. For a hard rock stratum with short distance and complete geology, the section of the stratum may be non-circular, in order to reduce energy consumption, the clinker can be large, and the existing tunneling machine is not suitable for cutting large rocks. The existing large rock cutting device such as a track self-moving crawler-type chain arm saw with application number 201621263220.4 is fixed in structural form, inflexible in use and not suitable for tunneling.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems that a cutter of the boring machine in the prior art is easy to wear and a boring mode is not flexible.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the hard rock tunnel boring machine comprises a walking driving system, wherein a swing mechanism is arranged on the walking driving system, a multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism is arranged on the swing mechanism, and a plate-type chain saw mechanism is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism.
The swing mechanism comprises a rotary table, the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the walking driving system and is connected with a swing driving device arranged on the walking driving system, and the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism is connected to the rotary table.
The multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism comprises a first-stage cantilever, a second-stage cantilever, a third-stage cantilever, a fourth-stage cantilever and a fifth-stage cantilever which are sequentially connected, the first-stage cantilever is connected with the swing mechanism, and the plate type chain saw mechanism is arranged on the fifth-stage cantilever.
The primary cantilever comprises a primary outer barrel and a primary inner barrel, the primary inner barrel is sleeved in the primary outer barrel and is connected with the primary outer barrel through a primary telescopic oil cylinder, and one end of the primary outer barrel is hinged with the swing mechanism and is connected with the swing mechanism through a primary pitching oil cylinder; and the primary inner cylinder is provided with a vertical swing motor used for being connected with the secondary cantilever.
The second grade cantilever includes second grade urceolus and second grade inner tube, and the pot head of second grade urceolus is equipped with the second grade inner tube, the other end and is equipped with the swing seat, and the swing seat is connected with vertical swing motor, and the second grade inner tube is connected with the second grade urceolus through the flexible hydro-cylinder of second grade, and second grade inner tube tip is equipped with the horizontal swing motor that is used for being connected with tertiary cantilever.
The three-level cantilever comprises a horizontal swinging seat connected with the two-level cantilever, and a hinged seat used for being connected with the four-level cantilever is arranged on the horizontal swinging seat.
The level four cantilever includes level four urceolus and level four inner tube, and the pot head of level four urceolus is equipped with level four inner tube, the other end and is equipped with the connecting seat, and the connecting seat is connected with articulated seat, and the level four inner tube is connected with the level four urceolus through the flexible hydro-cylinder of level four, and level four inner tube tip is equipped with the axial oscillation motor that is used for being connected with the five-stage cantilever.
The five-stage cantilever comprises an axial seat connected with an axial swing motor, a vertical telescopic column is arranged on the axial seat, and a supporting seat used for supporting the plate type chain saw mechanism is arranged on the vertical telescopic column.
The plate type chain saw mechanism comprises a supporting plate and a driving motor, wherein a cutting tooth chain is arranged on the supporting plate and is connected with the driving motor; and the supporting plate is provided with a bursting device.
The spaller stretches along the thickness direction of the supporting plate, and when the spaller is in a contraction state, the height of the spaller is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the supporting plate.
The outer edge of the supporting plate is provided with a rolling supporting piece, and the cutting pick chain is connected with the supporting plate through the rolling supporting piece.
A tunneling method of a hard rock tunnel boring machine comprises the following steps:
s1: the tunneling machine moves to the position of a tunnel face to be excavated through the traveling driving system;
s2: adjusting the plate-type chain saw mechanism to be in a proper position with the tunnel face according to the distance and the direction between the tunnel face and the tunneling machine;
s3: a cutting tooth chain of the plate type chain saw mechanism firstly saws, cracks and excavates a tunnel face to form a cutting seam, then the cutting seam is subjected to spalling through a spalling device, and rocks on two sides of the cutting seam are stripped from a matrix;
s4: and (8) repeating the step (S3), and under the action of the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism, the plate type chain saw mechanism cuts the tunnel face in a partitioning manner to form a grid cutting seam, so that the excavation of the tunnel face is accelerated.
The invention relates to a cantilever chain saw type tunneling machine, which is characterized in that a plate type chain saw mechanism is used for cutting a tunnel face in a partitioning manner, and then the tunnel face is cracked through a cracking device, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved; the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism can be gradually stretched and rotated at multiple angles, so that the plate type chain saw mechanism can flexibly cut the tunnel face. The invention divides the tunnel face into a plurality of blocks, then cuts the blocks into blocks, removes the blocks and forms grid cutting; the invention saves more energy because the construction only needs to cut the blocks and does not need to crush the rocks of the whole excavation section, and the large-size rock blocks can be recycled, thereby being a great innovation of tunnel excavation.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall front view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the multiple degree of freedom swing arm mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the plate-type chain saw mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a palm surface divided into a grid.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, a hard rock tunneling machine includes a traveling drive system 1, where the traveling drive system 1 includes a machine base 101 and a cab 102, and a traveling mechanism 103 is provided at a lower portion of the machine base, and the traveling mechanism may adopt a crawler type traveling manner. A swing mechanism 2 is arranged on a machine base 101 of the walking driving system 1, a cab 102 is arranged on the swing mechanism, a multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism 3 is further arranged on the swing mechanism 2, and a plate type chain saw mechanism 4 is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism 3. The swing arm mechanism 3 with multiple degrees of freedom has the functions of stretching and swinging, and is used for adjusting the height, the angle and the direction of the plate-type chain saw mechanism, and the plate-type chain saw mechanism is used for cutting the tunnel face in a partitioning manner.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the plate-type chain saw mechanism 4 includes a supporting plate 401 and a driving motor 402, wherein the supporting plate 401 is provided with a cutting tooth chain 403, the cutting tooth chain 403 is in an annular structure, the outer edge of the supporting plate 401 is provided with a rolling support member, the rolling support member can be a roller shaft, and the cutting tooth chain 403 is connected with the supporting plate 401 through the rolling support member, so that the friction force between the cutting tooth chain and the supporting plate can be reduced. The pick chain 403 is connected to the drive motor 402; the during operation drive motor drives the pick chain and rotates at the backup pad edge, and the pick on the pick chain contacts with the rock, and the effect is peeled off the rock from the parent with the impact force for the rock to take out from the gap of cutting. The supporting plate 401 is provided with a bursting device 404. The expansion device can stretch out and draw back along the thickness direction of the supporting plate, and after the rock cutting is finished, the expansion device stretches out to peel off the cut rock from the parent body.
Preferably, the expander 404 expands and contracts in the thickness direction of the support plate 401 to expand the slit. Preferably, the height of the expander 404 is less than or equal to the thickness of the support plate 401 when the expander 404 is in the contracted state. The expanding and cracking device can smoothly enter a cutting seam when the cutting pick chain cuts a working face, and then the cutting seam is expanded and cracked.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the swing mechanism 2 includes a turntable 201, the turntable 201 is rotatably disposed on the base of the traveling driving system 1 through a rotating member, and is connected to a swing driving device 202 disposed on the traveling driving system 1, the swing driving device 202 may employ a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor rotates to drive the turntable to rotate, and the multiple degree of freedom swing arm mechanism 3 is connected to the turntable 201, and drives the adjustment of the direction of the multiple degree of freedom swing arm mechanism through the rotation of the turntable.
Further, the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism 3 comprises a first-stage cantilever 301, a second-stage cantilever 302, a third-stage cantilever 303, a fourth-stage cantilever 304 and a fifth-stage cantilever 305 which are sequentially connected, the first-stage cantilever 301 is connected with the swing mechanism 2, and the plate type chain saw mechanism 4 is arranged on the fifth-stage cantilever 305. The relative rotation mechanism of one-level cantilever 301 is flexible and the swing, and the relative one-level cantilever of second grade cantilever is flexible and the swing, and the relative second grade cantilever of tertiary cantilever 303 swings, and the relative tertiary cantilever of level four is flexible and the swing, and the relative level four cantilever of five-level cantilever is flexible and the swing, realizes flexible and multi-angle rotating step by step, makes the nimble tunnel face of cutting of board type chain saw mechanism.
As shown in fig. 3, in embodiment 2, the hard rock tunnel boring machine, the primary cantilever 301 comprises a primary outer cylinder 1-1 and a primary inner cylinder 1-2, the primary inner cylinder 1-2 is sleeved in the primary outer cylinder 1-1 and is connected with the primary outer cylinder 1-1 through a primary telescopic cylinder 1-3, and the primary telescopic cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the primary inner cylinder to stretch and retract relative to the primary outer cylinder, so as to adjust the overall length of the primary cantilever. One end of the first-stage outer cylinder 1-1 is hinged with the swing mechanism 2 and is connected with the swing mechanism 2 through a first-stage pitching oil cylinder 1-4, and the first-stage pitching oil cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the pitching action of the first-stage cantilever. And a vertical swing motor 1-5 used for being connected with the secondary cantilever 302 is arranged on the primary inner cylinder 1-2. The vertical swing motor rotates to drive the secondary cantilever to swing left and right in the horizontal plane.
Further, the secondary cantilever 302 comprises a secondary outer cylinder 2-1 and a secondary inner cylinder 2-2, one end of the secondary outer cylinder 2-1 is sleeved with the secondary inner cylinder 2-2, the other end of the secondary outer cylinder is provided with a swinging seat 2-3, the swinging seat 2-3 is connected with a vertical swinging motor 1-5, and the vertical swinging motor 1-5 drives the secondary cantilever to swing left and right through the swinging seat. The second-stage inner cylinder 2-2 is connected with the second-stage outer cylinder 2-1 through a second-stage telescopic oil cylinder 2-4, and the second-stage telescopic oil cylinder stretches to drive the second-stage inner cylinder to stretch relative to the second-stage outer cylinder for adjusting the overall length of the second-stage cantilever. The end part of the secondary inner cylinder 2-2 is provided with a horizontal swinging motor 2-5 which is used for being connected with the tertiary cantilever 303. The horizontal swing motor rotates to drive the three-stage cantilever to swing up and down in the vertical plane.
Further, the third-stage cantilever 303 includes a horizontal swing base 3-1 connected to the second-stage cantilever 302, and the horizontal swing base is connected to a horizontal swing motor for driving the third-stage cantilever to swing. The horizontal swinging seat 3-1 is provided with a hinged seat 3-2 used for being connected with the four-stage cantilever 304, so that the connection of the three-stage cantilever and the four-stage cantilever is realized.
Further, the four-stage cantilever 304 comprises a four-stage outer cylinder 4-1 and a four-stage inner cylinder 4-2, one end of the four-stage outer cylinder 4-1 is sleeved with the four-stage inner cylinder 4-2, the other end of the four-stage outer cylinder is provided with a connecting seat 4-3, and the connecting seat 4-3 is connected with the hinge seat 3-2. The four-stage inner cylinder 4-2 is connected with the four-stage outer cylinder 4-1 through a four-stage telescopic oil cylinder 4-4, the four-stage telescopic oil cylinder drives the four-stage inner cylinder to stretch relative to the four-stage outer cylinder, an axial swing motor 4-5 used for being connected with the five-stage cantilever 305 is arranged at the end part of the four-stage inner cylinder 4-2 used for adjusting the overall length of the four-stage cantilever, and the axial swing motor 4-5 rotates to drive the five-stage swing arm to rotate in a vertical plane along an axis.
Further, the five-stage cantilever 305 comprises an axial seat 5-1 connected with an axial swing motor 4-5, a vertical telescopic column 5-2 is arranged on the axial seat 5-1, the vertical telescopic column can adopt a hydraulic cylinder and is used for adjusting the height of the five-stage cantilever, a supporting seat 5-3 used for supporting the plate type chain saw mechanism 4 is arranged on the vertical telescopic column 5-2, the plate type chain saw mechanism is fixed on the supporting seat, and under the action of the five cantilevers, the positioning of the plate type chain saw mechanism on the face is realized and the cutting at each position is realized, so that the adjustment is convenient and the use is flexible.
The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 3: a method of driving a hard rock tunnel boring machine as in embodiment 2, comprising the steps of:
s1: the tunneling machine moves to the position of a tunnel face to be excavated through the traveling driving system 1;
s2: according to the distance and the direction between the tunnel face and the tunneling machine and the design of an excavation profile, the swing mechanism 2 is adjusted, so that the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism 3 and the plate-type chain saw mechanism 4 are in proper positions with the tunnel face, and the plate-type chain saw mechanism can conveniently cut the tunnel face;
s3: a cutting tooth chain 403 of the plate type chain saw mechanism 4 saws and digs the tunnel face, namely, cuts the tunnel face to form a cutting seam, a spalling device of the plate type chain saw mechanism 4 extends out of the cutting seam to spall the cutting seam, and rocks on two sides of the cutting seam are stripped from a parent body;
s4: and (5) repeating the step (S3), and under the action of the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism 3, the plate type chain saw mechanism 4 cuts the tunnel face in a partitioning manner to form a grid cutting seam, as shown in figure 5, so that the excavation of the tunnel face is accelerated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine, includes walking drive system (1), its characterized in that: the walking driving system (1) is provided with a swing mechanism (2), the swing mechanism (2) is provided with a multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism (3), and the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism (3) is provided with a plate-type chain saw mechanism (4).
2. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: the swing mechanism (2) comprises a rotary table (201), the rotary table (201) is rotatably arranged on the walking driving system (1) and is connected with a swing driving device (202) arranged on the walking driving system (1), and the swing arm mechanism (3) with multiple degrees of freedom is connected to the rotary table (201).
3. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism (3) comprises a first-stage cantilever (301), a second-stage cantilever (302), a third-stage cantilever (303), a fourth-stage cantilever (304) and a fifth-stage cantilever (305) which are sequentially connected, the first-stage cantilever (301) is connected with the swing mechanism (2), and the plate-type chain saw mechanism (4) is arranged on the fifth-stage cantilever (305).
4. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, wherein: the primary cantilever (301) comprises a primary outer cylinder (1-1) and a primary inner cylinder (1-2), the primary inner cylinder (1-2) is sleeved in the primary outer cylinder (1-1) and is connected with the primary outer cylinder (1-1) through a primary telescopic oil cylinder (1-3), one end of the primary outer cylinder (1-1) is hinged with the swing mechanism (2) and is connected with the swing mechanism (2) through a primary pitching oil cylinder (1-4); and a vertical swing motor (1-5) used for being connected with the secondary cantilever (302) is arranged on the primary inner cylinder (1-2).
5. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein: the two-stage cantilever (302) comprises a two-stage outer cylinder (2-1) and a two-stage inner cylinder (2-2), one end of the two-stage outer cylinder (2-1) is sleeved with the two-stage inner cylinder (2-2), the other end of the two-stage outer cylinder is provided with a swing seat (2-3), the swing seat (2-3) is connected with a vertical swing motor (1-5), the two-stage inner cylinder (2-2) is connected with the two-stage outer cylinder (2-1) through a two-stage telescopic oil cylinder (2-4), and the end part of the two-stage inner cylinder (2-2) is provided with a horizontal swing motor (2-5) used for.
6. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the three-stage cantilever (303) comprises a horizontal swinging seat (3-1) connected with the second-stage cantilever (302), and a hinged seat (3-2) used for being connected with the four-stage cantilever (304) is arranged on the horizontal swinging seat (3-1).
7. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, wherein: the four-stage cantilever (304) comprises a four-stage outer cylinder (4-1) and a four-stage inner cylinder (4-2), one end of the four-stage outer cylinder (4-1) is sleeved with the four-stage inner cylinder (4-2), the other end of the four-stage outer cylinder is provided with a connecting seat (4-3), the connecting seat (4-3) is connected with a hinged seat (3-2), the four-stage inner cylinder (4-2) is connected with the four-stage outer cylinder (4-1) through a four-stage telescopic oil cylinder (4-4), and the end part of the four-stage inner cylinder (4-2) is provided with an axial swing motor (4-5) connected.
8. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, wherein: the five-stage cantilever (305) comprises an axial seat (5-1) connected with an axial swing motor (4-5), a vertical telescopic column (5-2) is arranged on the axial seat (5-1), and a supporting seat (5-3) used for supporting the plate type chain saw mechanism (4) is arranged on the vertical telescopic column (5-2).
9. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 8, wherein: the plate type chain saw mechanism (4) comprises a supporting plate (401) and a driving motor (402), wherein a cutting tooth chain (403) is arranged on the supporting plate (401), and the cutting tooth chain (403) is connected with the driving motor (402); and a bursting device (404) is arranged on the supporting plate (401).
10. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, wherein: the bursting device (404) stretches along the thickness direction of the supporting plate (401), and when the bursting device (404) is in a contraction state, the height of the bursting device (404) is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the supporting plate (401).
11. A hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, wherein: the outer edge of the supporting plate (401) is provided with a rolling supporting piece, and the cutting tooth chain (403) is connected with the supporting plate (401) through the rolling supporting piece.
12. A tunneling method of a hard rock tunnel boring machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the tunneling machine moves to a tunnel face to be excavated through the traveling driving system (1);
s2: adjusting the plate-type chain saw mechanism (4) to be in a proper position with the tunnel face according to the distance and the orientation between the tunnel face and the heading machine;
s3: the cutting tooth chain (403) of the plate-type chain saw mechanism (4) firstly saws and excavates the tunnel face to form a cutting seam, then the cutting seam is subjected to spalling through the spalling device, and rocks on two sides of the cutting seam are stripped from the parent body;
s4: and (4) repeating the step (S3), and under the action of the multi-degree-of-freedom swing arm mechanism (3), the plate type chain saw mechanism (4) cuts the tunnel face in a partitioning manner to form a grid cutting seam, so that the excavation of the tunnel face is accelerated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010478095.3A CN111594209A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Hard rock tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010478095.3A CN111594209A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Hard rock tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof |
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| CN111594209A true CN111594209A (en) | 2020-08-28 |
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| CN202010478095.3A Pending CN111594209A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Hard rock tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof |
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| CN113246314A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-08-13 | 中铁工程服务有限公司 | Chain saw cutting machine and cutting method and cutting device thereof |
| CN113431595A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-24 | 中铁高新工业股份有限公司 | Construction method of non-blasting chain saw cutting machine |
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Application publication date: 20200828 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |