CN111594115B - Method for calculating accumulated water injection amount based on saturation change of water flooded layer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating accumulated water injection quantity based on saturation change of a water flooded layer, which divides the calculation of the accumulated water injection quantity into three calculation methods according to different stages of water injection of an oil layer. The method has great significance for accurately calculating the resistivity of the mixed liquid of the water flooded layer and the saturation of the residual oil, provides scientific basis for the adjustment of the development scheme of the old oil area, water control and oil stabilization and the potential excavation of the old well, and has good popularization value and economic benefit.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield development, and particularly relates to a method for calculating accumulated water injection amount based on saturation change of a water flooded layer.
[ background of the invention ]
At present, many oil fields adopt a water injection development mode, some oil reservoirs enter a medium-high water-cut stage after water injection for many years, and water flooded layer identification has great significance for oil stabilization and water control. The difficulty in calculating the water saturation of the water flooded layer is the calculation of the resistivity of mixed liquor in a reservoir stratum, the accumulated water injection amount is a key parameter for calculating the resistivity of the mixed liquor in the water flooded layer, and a material balance method is generally adopted when the accumulated water injection amount is calculated in the existing literature. The basic principle of the material balance method is as follows: flooding per unit volumeWhen the stratum has certain water saturation, the accumulated injected water quantity is equal to the produced liquid quantity, and the accumulated injected water quantity is related to the water saturation increment and the water production rate of the reservoir stratum. Assuming reservoir irreducible water saturation as S wi The porosity is phi, and the water saturation of the water displacement oil at a certain stage is S w The water yield in the oil-water co-production stage is F w The porosity of the reservoir layer is not changed in the water injection process, and the injected water and the primary formation water do not have chemical reaction. Currently, there are 2 methods to calculate the cumulative water injection:
(1) calculation of water injection amount when reservoir only produces pure oil at initial flooding stage
Under the condition that the reservoir only produces oil at the initial stage of flooding, the injected water quantity of the reservoir in unit volume is equal to the product of the saturated water increment of the reservoir and the porosity, namely the accumulated injected water quantity P 1 Is equal to, as shown in the following formula:
P 1 ＝φ(S w -S wi ) (1)
(2) calculating the water injection amount of oil and water in the middle and later periods of water flooding at the same time
In the middle and later periods of water logging, the oil layer is exposed to water, the oil and water in the reservoir are produced simultaneously, and the injected water quantity is greater than phi (S) w -S wi ) Introducing injection times K (K is more than or equal to 1) to ensure that the water content in the reservoir reaches S w In time, the reservoir accumulates produced oil phi (S) per unit volume w -S wi ) The cumulative amount of injected water is K.phi (S) w -S wi ) The cumulative water yield is (K-1) phi (S) according to the equal injection amount and the equal output amount w -S wi ). Injection multiple K and water yield F w In connection with, there are currently known calculation methods giving F w The relationship to K is as follows:
further, the water saturation reaches S when oil and water are discharged simultaneously w Accumulated injected water amount P 2 Comprises the following steps:
in the process of oil field development, the oil-water viscosity is basically unchanged, the water yield change is mainly influenced by the oil phase and water phase permeability, and the phase permeability is a function of oil-water saturation, so the water yield is also a function of water saturation and can be written as follows:
in the formula: A. b-coefficient, can be obtained by phase permeation experiment. Therefore, the oil and water are discharged simultaneously and the quantity P of injected water is accumulated 2 Is a function of the water saturation.
However, the above calculation process has the defect that the right denominator of the formula (2) is the cumulative injection amount, namely the reservoir saturation to S w The cumulative amount of water produced in the mean time is the cumulative amount of water produced, and the right side of the formula (2) cannot represent the saturation S w The water production rate of the reservoir, from the beginning of the reservoir to the accumulated water production rate of (K-1) phi (S) w -S wi ) Average water production over this period of time. In the formula (3) F w That is not S w Therefore, the accumulated water injection amount of the water flooded layer obtained in the step (3) has a large error with the actual water injection amount.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for calculating the accumulated water injection amount based on the saturation change of a water flooded layer; according to the method, when the water flooded layer reaches a certain water saturation, the calculated accumulated injection amount is more accurate, and a foundation is laid for accurate calculation of the resistivity of the mixed liquid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a method for calculating accumulated water injection quantity based on saturation change of a water flooded layer,
when the oil layer only produces oil, the water injection amount per unit volume of the reservoir is P 1 ；
When the oil layer begins to produce water until the water saturation in the oil layer reaches any one S w When the water injection amount per unit volume of the reservoir is P 2 The cumulative water injection rate from the oil production to the moment of the unit volume reservoir is P 1 +P 2 ；
Wherein:
P 1 ＝φ(S w -S wi ) (1)
in the formula: s. the wi The reservoir irreducible water saturation;
phi is porosity;
S w the water saturation at any moment in the pure oil production stage;
wherein S is wn In the process of producing water in oil layer, t n The water saturation in the reservoir at the time;
S wf is the water flooding front saturation;
F w the water yield is indicated.
In a further development of the invention, S wi Obtained by experiment or well logging calculation.
Preferably, in the formula (10), the saturation S of the water flooding front edge wf The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: f w -water production rate as a function of water saturation;
F w ' -water production rate derivative as a function of water saturation;
S wi irreducible water saturation, fractional number.
Preferably, the water yield is calculated by the formula:
in the formula: A. b-coefficient, obtained from the phase permeation experiment.
Preferably, for formula (10),
order S wn ＝S w And due to
Calculating the water production of the oil production layer from the equation (11) and the equation (10) until the water saturation reaches S w Total water injection P per unit volume of reservoir 2 。
Preferably, formula (10) is transformed from:
in the formula (9), when Δ t → 0, Δ S w1 ，ΔS w2 ...ΔS wn Will tend to be infinitesimal, again due to F wt Is a function of water saturation, so that the reservoir begins producing water until water is saturated to S wn To obtain formula (10); wherein, under the action of injected water, after the time period of oil layer water production delta t, t is reached 1 The average water saturation of the stratum increases to S at the moment w1 The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S w1 At this time, the water yield
Corresponding to t 2 The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment w2 The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S w2 At this time, the water yield
Corresponding to t n The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment wn The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S wn At this time, the water yield
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for calculating accumulated water injection quantity based on saturation change of a water flooded layer, which divides the calculation of the accumulated water injection quantity into three calculation methods according to different stages of water injection of an oil layer. The method has great significance for accurately calculating the resistivity of the mixed liquid of the water flooded layer and the saturation of the residual oil, provides scientific basis for the adjustment of the development scheme of the old oil area, water control and oil stabilization and the potential excavation of the old well, and has good popularization value and economic benefit.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below:
the invention discloses a method for calculating accumulated water injection amount based on saturation change of a water flooded layer, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, calculating the water saturation of the front edge of the water flooding reservoir
Before the outlet end is injected with water, i.e. before the front edge of the water flooding oil reaches the outlet end, the oil layer only produces pure oil. Saturation S of water flooding front edge wf Calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: f w -water production rate as a function of water saturation;
F w ' -water production rate derivative, function of water saturation;
S wi irreducible water saturation, fractional number.
Wherein, the water yield calculation formula is shown in formula (4), and the derivation of formula (4) can be obtained:
irreducible water saturation S wi Can be obtained by experiment or well logging calculation, wherein A, B is coefficient, and can be obtained by phase permeation experiment, when S in formula (6) w Is S wf Then, the water saturation S upon water breakthrough can be determined by bringing the formula (6) into the formula (5) wf The water saturation can be approximately regarded as the highest water saturation S of the pure oil producing stage wf (ii) a Water production begins when the formation is out of the data.
Step 2, calculating the water injection amount when the reservoir only produces pure oil at the initial stage of flooding
Under the condition that the reservoir only produces oil at the initial stage of flooding, namely water saturation<S wf When the water injection quantity of the reservoir per unit volume is equal to the product of the saturated water increment of the reservoir and the porosity, namely the accumulated water injection quantity P 1 Is equal to phi (S) w -S wi ) Sw at this stage is a known variable, as shown in equation (1).
Step 3, calculating the water injection amount of oil and water at the same time in the middle and later periods of water flooding
After the time period of producing water of oil layer delta t under the action of injected water until t 1 The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment w1 The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S w1 At this time, the water yield
The oil production per unit volume of the reservoir in the delta t time period is phi (S) w1 -S wf ) According to the fact that the injected water quantity is equal to the liquid yield and the water yield is defined, the approximate injected water quantity Z of the delta t time period is obtained 1 ：
T can also be obtained 1 To t 2 Time period, water saturation increase Δ S w2 Approximate water injection amount:
with the continuous water injection, the water is saturated to S after the water production of the oil layer w Total water injection amount per hour P 2 The approximation is:
in the formula (9), when Δ t → 0, Δ S w1 ，ΔS w2 ...ΔS wn Will tend to be infinitesimal, again due to F wt Is a function of water saturation, so that the reservoir begins to produce water until water is saturated to S wn Total water injection P per unit volume of reservoir 2 Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (10), let S wn ＝S w And due to
From the equations (10) and (11), it can be calculated that the oil production layer starts to produce water until the water saturation reaches S w Total water injection P per unit volume of reservoir 2 。
Under the condition that the reservoir only produces oil at the initial stage of flooding, the injected water quantity of the reservoir per unit volume is equal to P 1 (ii) a The oil layer begins to produce water until the water in the reservoir is saturated to S w The amount of water injected per unit volume of reservoir is equal to P 2 . For reservoirs with oil and water flowing out simultaneously, when water is full of S w When a certain numerical value is reached, the total accumulated water injection quantity is P 1 +P 2 。
The method for calculating the accumulated water injection amount of the water flooded layer is based on saturation change, and is based on accurate calculation of the resistivity of mixed liquid and the saturation of residual oil of the water flooded layer.
Examples
The accumulated water injection amount is calculated by using the method based on experimental data of long 6 core facies permeability and water flooding resistivity of the Laura Jingan oil field in Ore Toldos basin. The experimental core is from 6 long layers in the X region of the Oridos basin Jingan oil field, the depth of the sample is 1703.8m, the granularity of the rock is fine sandstone, the type of the pore is mainly intergranular pores, the porosity is 13.57 percent, the saturation of the irreducible water is 43.11 percent, and the experimental core is a low-porosity hypotonic reservoir. In the water flooding experiment, firstly, the concentration of the core subjected to oil washing and salt washing is 85000 mg/mll of CaCl 2 The solution was saturated, then the crude oil was displaced with a simulated viscosity of 1.96 mPas to a water-bound state, and then the displacement with Na having a degree of mineralization of 620mg/L was started 2 SO 4 The aqueous solution displaced to a residual oil state. In the water flooding process, water saturation and core resistivity at different flooding stages are measured (table 1).
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, calculating the water saturation of the front edge of the water flooding reservoir
Obtaining a relation between the water yield of a long 6-layer zone of a research area and the water saturation through a water-drive oil-phase permeability experiment:
wherein a is 1962357.9, B is-26.0644, and the water saturation S is obtained by the formulae (4), (5) and (6) when water is seen wf ＝0.474。
TABLE 1 Jingan oil field RoxX well length 6 rock sample water flooding experimental data table
Step 2, calculating water injection amount when the reservoir only produces pure oil at the initial stage of flooding
Under the condition that the reservoir only produces oil at the initial stage of flooding, namely water saturation<S wf When the water injection quantity of the reservoir per unit volume is equal to the product of the saturated water volume and the porosity of the reservoir, namely the accumulated water injection quantity is equal to (S) w -S wi ) Φ, the previous literature is the same as the calculation method of the present invention, and the calculation results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Jingan oil field Rox well length 6 rock sample water flooding initial stage water injection calculation
Step 3, calculating the oil-water simultaneous output water injection amount in the middle and later periods of water flooding
Obtaining the water saturation S of the core at the same time of oil and water outlet from the step 1 wf The maximum accumulated water injection quantity P of the reservoir per unit volume at the pure oil producing stage can be further obtained when the total oil producing stage is equal to 0.474 1 When the reservoir begins to produce water, the water saturation input water P from the beginning of the reservoir to the oil-water same-out stage is obtained by the formula (10) 2 The lower limit of the integral of the formula (10) is S wf The upper limit is the saturation of any water after the oil-water co-production stage, specifically the water saturation in Table 1 is greater than or equal to 0.474. For reservoirs with oil and water flowing out simultaneously, when water is saturated to a certain value, the total accumulated water injection amount is P 1 +P 2 The specific calculation results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Jingan oil field Rox well length 6 rock sample water flooding middle and later stage water injection quantity calculation
The calculation results in table 3 show that the defects exist when the material balance method is used for calculating the water injection quantity of the water flooded layer in the prior art, the calculation results of the water injection quantity in the middle and later periods of the water flooded layer are large, and the calculation error of the resistivity of the mixed liquid of the water flooded layer is further large. The method provided by the invention can accurately calculate the resistivity of the mixed liquid of the flooded layer, lays a foundation for calculating the saturation of the flooded layer, and has great significance for oil stabilization and water control of the old oil area.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating accumulated water injection quantity based on saturation change of a water flooded layer is characterized in that,
when the oil layer only produces oil, the water injection amount per unit volume of the reservoir is P 1 ；
When the oil layer begins to produce water until the water saturation in the oil layer reaches any one S w When the water injection amount per unit volume of the reservoir is P 2 The cumulative water injection rate from the oil production to the moment of the unit volume reservoir is P 1 +P 2 ；
Wherein:
P 1 ＝φ(S w -S wi ) (1)
in the formula: s wi The reservoir irreducible water saturation;
phi is porosity;
S w the water saturation at any moment in the pure oil production stage;
wherein S is wn In the process of producing water in oil layer, t n The water saturation in the reservoir at the time;
S wf is the water flooding front saturation;
F w the water yield is calculated;
it is characterized in that in the formula (10), the saturation S of the front edge of the water flooding oil wf The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: f w -water production rate as a function of water saturation;
F w ' -water production rate derivative as a function of water saturation;
S wi irreducible water saturation, fractional;
the method is characterized in that the water yield is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: A. b-coefficient, obtained by phase permeation experiments;
with respect to the formula (10),
order S wn ＝S w And due to
Calculating the water production of the oil production layer from the equation (11) and the equation (10) until the water saturation reaches S w Total water injection P per unit volume of reservoir 2 。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein S is a method for calculating cumulative water injection based on saturation changes of a water flooded layer wi Obtained by experiment or well logging calculation.
3. The method for calculating the cumulative water injection amount based on the saturation change of the water flooded layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the equation (10) is obtained by the following transformation:
in the formula (9), when Δ t → 0, Δ S w1 ，ΔS w2 ...ΔS wn Will tend to be infinitesimal, again due to F wt Is a function of water saturation, so that the reservoir begins producing water until water is saturated to S wn To obtain formula (10); wherein, under the action of injected water, after the time period of oil layer water production delta t, t is reached 1 The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment w1 The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S w1 At this time, the water yield
Corresponding to t 2 The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment w2 The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S w2 At this time, the water yield
Corresponding to t n The average water saturation of stratum increases to S at the moment wn The water saturation increase is recorded as Δ S wn At this time, the water yield
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