CN111592761A - Flexible sensor, carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flexible sensor, carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flexible sensor, a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of 1) soaking solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber in a first organic solvent with the solubility similar to that of the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to swell the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to obtain modified platinum catalytic silicone rubber; 2) and mixing the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber with a carbon black solution, and adsorbing carbon black in the carbon black solution onto the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to obtain the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material. The carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material with high sensitivity and large recoverable strain is obtained by adsorbing and combining firm and uniformly distributed carbon black on the surface of the modified platinum catalytic rubber as much as possible. The invention also discloses the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material prepared by the method, application of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material in wearable flexible electronic devices, and a flexible sensor comprising the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flexible electronics, in particular to a flexible sensor, a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing demand of modern society for portable wearable electronic products, wearable healthy internet of things, human-computer interfaces, soft robots and the like, the flexible electronic technology has been widely researched and becomes one of the most popular research fields in recent years. The flexible stretchable sensor is a typical flexible electronic device, has large strain measurement capability and good circulation stability compared with a traditional rigid sensor, is designed to be attached to a flexible target object to measure movement deformation in an accurate mode, and has wide application prospects in the fields of medical health, electronic skin and human body movement monitoring and the like.
Research on the preparation of flexible and stretchable sensors is mainly focused on the combination of conductive materials and flexible high polymer materials. Various conductive materials, such as Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, Nanowires (NWs), Nanoparticles (NPs), and mixed micro/nanostructures thereof, have been studied for manufacturing flexible sensors. The carbon black has the advantages of low cost, easy acquisition, high conductivity, good mechanical strength, good wear resistance and the like, is beneficial to realizing the mass production of the high-stability flexible sensor, and is widely concerned. For example, Zheng et al reported a composite strain sensor of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mixed carbon nanotubes and carbon black conductive nanoparticles prepared using a solution mixing casting method, with a factor (GF) of 4.36 and stretchability of up to 300% (Zheng, y., Li, y., Dai, k., Wang, y., Zheng, g., Liu, c., & Shen, c.com. sci. technol.156,276-286 (2018)); lu et al show a high sensitivity strain sensor based on carbon black doped PDMS with a GF of up to 29.1 and a stretchability of 30% (Lu, n., Lu, c., Yang, s., & Rogers, j.a.adv.funct.mater.22,4044-4050 (2012)). However, most of these previous researches have difficulty in simultaneously achieving the combination of high stretchability and high sensitivity, and the process is complicated, and mass production is difficult, which is a challenge facing the high-performance flexible stretchable sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to obtain the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material with high sensitivity and large recoverable strain by adsorbing and combining firm and uniformly distributed carbon black on the surface of the modified platinum catalytic rubber as much as possible.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a flexible sensor, a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
A preparation method of a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material comprises the following steps:
1) soaking solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber in a first organic solvent capable of swelling the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to obtain modified platinum catalytic silicone rubber;
2) and mixing the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber with a carbon black solution, and adsorbing carbon black in the carbon black solution onto the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to obtain the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material.
Further, before the step 1), curing the liquid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in a resin mold containing phosphorus element to obtain the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber. The phosphorus element contained in the resin mould causes 'solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber poisoning', the incomplete curing phenomenon exists on the surface of the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber, the adhesion of the resin mould is improved, the surface adsorption capacity of the silica gel is greatly enhanced, and the subsequent adsorption of carbon black is facilitated.
Preferably, in step 1), the first organic solvent is toluene; further, in the step 1), the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber is soaked in the toluene for 2-3.5 hours to swell so as to obtain the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber.
Preferably, in step 2), the carbon black solution is obtained by: adding carbon black into a second organic solvent for dissolving to obtain the carbon black solution.
More preferably, in step 2), carbon black is added to the second organic solvent to be dissolved, and then water is added to obtain the carbon black solution; the concentration of the carbon black solution is 2-3mg/ml, and the volume ratio of the second organic solvent to the water is 1: 4-5; further, the second organic solvent is one of absolute ethyl alcohol, isopropanol and methyl pyrrolidone; the second organic solvent is preferably methyl pyrrolidone.
Preferably, in the step 2), the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber is mixed with a carbon black solution, and the mixture is stirred for 2 to 4 hours, and carbon black in the carbon black solution is adsorbed onto the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to obtain a carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material.
Preferably, before curing the liquid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in the resin mold containing the phosphorus element, further comprises: and vacuumizing the liquid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to remove bubbles in the liquid platinum catalytic silicone rubber.
The invention also provides the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material prepared by the preparation method.
In addition, the invention also comprises a flexible sensor which comprises the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material, wherein the flexible sensor is prepared by assembling electrodes and leads at two ends of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material.
In addition, the invention also comprises the application of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material in wearable flexible electronic devices.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber is soaked in a first organic solvent capable of swelling the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to swell so as to obtain modified platinum catalytic silicone rubber, carbon black is adsorbed by the platinum catalytic rubber with a smooth surface, the carbon black can agglomerate on the surface of the platinum catalytic rubber to influence the sensitivity of the platinum catalytic rubber, the modified platinum catalytic rubber has micro-nano structures such as folds and bulges, the carbon black can be effectively prevented from agglomerating on the surface of the modified platinum catalytic rubber, the carbon black is uniformly distributed on the surface of the modified platinum catalytic rubber, the volume of the swollen modified platinum catalytic rubber is increased, the specific surface area is correspondingly increased, more carbon black can be adsorbed, the interface bonding force of the modified platinum catalytic rubber is enhanced, the adsorbed carbon black is firmly bonded on the surface of the modified platinum catalytic rubber and is not easy to fall off, so that the carbon black with high sensitivity and large recoverable strain can be obtained by adsorbing and firmly bonding the carbon black which is uniformly distributed on the surface, the sensitivity of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material is as high as 18.7, and the recoverable strain is as high as 500%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high sensitivity (GF reaches 18.7), high tensile property (GF reaches 500%), good stability, simple preparation process, low production cost and the like, is easy to realize batch production, and can be widely applied to wearable flexible electronic devices for motion monitoring.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a drawing of a flexible sensor made of the carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite prepared in example 1.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the electrical black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph of relative resistance change versus strain for the carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite flexible sensor prepared in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a graph of relative resistance change versus cycle for a carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite flexible sensor prepared in example 1 under 150% strain cycle loading.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite material, comprising the following steps:
a, step a: printing a resin mold by using a 3D printer, cleaning the mold by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and then using N2Drying; the 3D printer is preferably a photo-curing 3D printer.
b, step (b): mixing and stirring the parts A and B of the platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump to remove bubbles generated in the stirring process, and transferring the liquid Ecoflex into a resin mold for curing to obtain the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber.
c, step (c): and soaking the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber in a first organic solvent capable of swelling the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber for 2-3.5 hours for modification treatment, so that the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber swells, and the size of the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber is increased to 1.5-1.6 times of the original size, thereby obtaining the modified platinum catalytic silicone rubber. The solubility of the first organic solvent capable of swelling the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber is similar to that of the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber, and the first organic solvent is preferably toluene.
d, step: and adding conductive carbon black into a second organic solvent for dissolving, adding deionized water, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 3 hours by using ultrasonic waves to uniformly disperse the carbon black in the solution to obtain a carbon black solution. The concentration of the carbon black solution is 2-3mg/ml, and the volume ratio of the second organic solvent to the water is 1: 4-5; further, the second organic solvent is one of absolute ethyl alcohol, isopropanol and methyl pyrrolidone; the second organic solvent is preferably methyl pyrrolidone.
e, step (e): adding the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber into a carbon black solution, magnetically stirring at room temperature (800rpm) for 2-4h, adsorbing the carbon black onto the platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to form a conductive sensitive layer, ultrasonically cleaning with deionized water for 30min, vacuum drying in a vacuum oven at 85 ℃ for 3h, and removing residual solvent to obtain the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material. The process of adsorbing the carbon black is through magnetic stirring, is more favorable to the carbon black granule to shift to the silica gel surface.
The specific embodiment also comprises the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material prepared by the preparation method.
The present embodiment further includes a flexible sensor, which is characterized by comprising the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material according to claim 9, wherein the flexible sensor is manufactured by assembling electrodes and leads at both ends of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material. Wherein the electrode is preferably a copper electrode.
In addition, the specific embodiment also provides the application of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material in wearable flexible electronic devices.
The flexible stretchable sensor is used as a strain sensor for testing, and the specific testing method is as follows:
and clamping two ends of the prepared flexible sensor with certain length, width and height on a tensile machine, connecting lead wires at the two ends with a Keithley2611B source table, and testing the resistance change under a stress-strain curve.
The sensitivity calculation formula is GF ═ (Δ R/R0)/, GF is the sensitivity coefficient and is the strain change, Δ R is the resistance change, R is the resistance change0Is the initial resistance.
In a specific embodiment, the length, the width and the height of the flexible stretchable sensor are respectively 30 mm, 10 mm and 1.5 mm; the clamping distance of the tensile machine is 20mm, and the stretching speed is 100 mm/min. Along with the increase of the strain, the relative resistance change value is monotonously increased, and the good corresponding relation is realized. Therefore, the human motion state can be detected in real time through the change value of the relative resistance, and the human motion detection circuit has good reliability and stability.
To further illustrate the preparation method of the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material and the flexible sensor made of the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material proposed in the present embodiment, the following examples are given for further explanation.
Example 1
The platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in this example was Ecoflex 00-30 (available from Smooth-On, USA), and in other examples, other types of platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber were available.
A preparation method of a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material comprises the following steps:
a, step a: a resin mold (3D printer photosensitive resin material, available from Shenzhen Chuang three-dimensional science and technology Co., Ltd.) was printed using a photocuring 3D printer, the mold was cleaned with absolute ethanol (available from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd.), and then with N2And (5) drying.
b, step (b): mixing and stirring the two parts of the A and the B of the Ecoflex 00-30 according to the mass ratio of 1:1 for 10min until the mixture is uniform, then vacuumizing the mixture for 2min by using a vacuum pump to remove bubbles generated in the stirring process, and then transferring the liquid Ecoflex into a resin mold to be cured for 3h to obtain the solid Ecoflex.
c, step (c): the solid Ecoflex was immersed in toluene (from foshan warfare instruments & science) solution for 3 hours for modification treatment to swell it and increase its size to 1.5-1.6 times the original size to obtain modified Ecoflex.
d, step: 0.03g of carbon black (Ketjenblack ECP600JD, available from Suzhou pterong sandisk science and technology Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 3ml of a methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (available from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd.), 12ml of deionized water was added thereto, and the solution was sonicated for 3 hours by ultrasonic waves to uniformly disperse the carbon black in the solution, to obtain a carbon black solution.
e, step (e): adding the modified Ecoflex into a carbon black solution, magnetically stirring at room temperature (800rpm) for 3 hours, adsorbing the carbon black onto the Ecoflex to form a conductive sensitive layer, ultrasonically cleaning with deionized water for 30 minutes, then drying in vacuum at 85 ℃ for 3 hours in a vacuum oven, and removing residual solvent to obtain the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material. In conjunction with fig. 3, it can be seen that the carbon black is uniformly distributed on the surface of Ecoflex.
In this embodiment, copper electrodes and wires are assembled at two ends of the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material to obtain the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material flexible sensor.
The length, width and height of the flexible stretchable sensor in the embodiment are respectively 30 mm, 10 mm and 1.5 mm; the clamping distance of the tensile machine is 20mm, and the stretching speed is 100 mm/min. Referring to the attached figure 2, the prepared carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material flexible strain sensor can recover 500% of tensile strain through tensile test, and has good tensile property.
Referring to the attached figure 4, the prepared carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material flexible strain sensor has the sensitivity of 18.7 and higher sensitivity after being tested by strain resistance. Along with the increase of the strain, the relative resistance change value is monotonously increased, and the good corresponding relation is realized. Therefore, the human motion state can be detected in real time through the change value of the relative resistance, and the human motion detection circuit has good reliability and stability.
Referring to the attached figure 5, the prepared carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite flexible sensor can achieve 5000 cyclic loads under 150% strain loading to keep stable and has good stability through a strain cyclic loading test.
Example 2
The platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in the embodiment is Ecoflex 00-30, and can be other types of platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in other embodiments, and the source of the raw material in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
A preparation method of a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material comprises the following steps:
a, step a: printing a resin mold using a photocuring 3D printer, washing the mold with absolute ethanol, and then with N2And (5) drying.
b, step (b): mixing and stirring the two parts of the A and the B of the Ecoflex 00-30 according to the mass ratio of 1:1 for 5min until the mixture is uniform, then vacuumizing the mixture for 5min by using a vacuum pump to remove bubbles generated in the stirring process, and then transferring the liquid Ecoflex into a resin mold to be cured for 2h to obtain the solid Ecoflex.
c, step (c): and soaking the solid Ecoflex in a toluene solution for 2.5 hours for modification treatment, swelling the solution, and increasing the size of the solution to 1.5-1.6 times of the original size to obtain the modified Ecoflex.
d, step: adding 40mg of carbon black into 3ml of methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solution for dissolving, adding 12ml of deionized water, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 3 hours by using ultrasonic waves to uniformly disperse the carbon black in the solution to obtain a carbon black solution.
e, step (e): adding the modified Ecoflex into a carbon black solution, magnetically stirring at room temperature (800rpm) for 2 hours, adsorbing carbon black onto the Ecoflex to form a conductive sensitive layer, ultrasonically cleaning with deionized water for 30 minutes, vacuum-drying in a vacuum oven at 85 ℃ for 3 hours, and removing residual solvent to obtain the carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a carbon black/platinum catalytic silicone rubber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soaking solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber in a first organic solvent capable of swelling the solid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to obtain modified platinum catalytic silicone rubber;
2) and mixing the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber with a carbon black solution, and adsorbing carbon black in the carbon black solution onto the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to obtain the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising curing the liquid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in a resin mold containing a phosphorus element to obtain the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber before step 1).
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the first organic solvent is toluene; further, in the step 1), the solid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber is soaked in the toluene for 2-3.5 hours to swell so as to obtain the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the carbon black solution is obtained by: adding carbon black into a second organic solvent for dissolving to obtain the carbon black solution.
5. The production method according to claim 4, wherein in step 2), carbon black is added to a second organic solvent to be dissolved, and then water is added to obtain the carbon black solution; the concentration of the carbon black solution is 2-3mg/ml, and the volume ratio of the second organic solvent to the water is 1: 4-5; further, the second organic solvent is one of absolute ethyl alcohol, isopropanol and methyl pyrrolidone; the second organic solvent is preferably methyl pyrrolidone.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber is mixed with a carbon black solution, and stirred for 2 to 4 hours, and carbon black in the carbon black solution is adsorbed onto the modified platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber to obtain a carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material.
7. The method for producing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of curing the liquid platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber in a resin mold containing a phosphorus element further comprises: and vacuumizing the liquid platinum catalytic silicone rubber to remove bubbles in the liquid platinum catalytic silicone rubber.
8. A carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A flexible sensor comprising the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material according to claim 8, wherein the flexible sensor is obtained by assembling electrodes and leads at both ends of the carbon black/platinum-catalyzed silicone rubber composite material.
10. Use of the carbon black/platinum catalyzed silicone rubber composite of claim 8 in wearable flexible electronic devices.
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