CN111591975B - Method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid, which comprises the following steps: dissolving diethylenetriamine penta (DTPMPA) and citric acid or ethylenediamine which are used as raw materials in deionized water, and uniformly stirring; and then sealing the hydrothermal reaction, cooling the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution. The carbon quantum dots obtained by the invention can generate blue fluorescence under the excitation of an ultraviolet lamp, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the synthesis method is simple and rapid and can easily meet the requirement of realizing industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent materials, and particularly relates to a fluorescent carbon quantum dot synthesized by diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The quantum dots are semiconductor nano materials with the particle size of 1-100nm, have a series of unique optical properties and electrical properties, such as high fluorescence intensity, light-resistant bleaching, wider excitation wavelength range, adjustable emission wavelength, narrower emission peak shape and the like, and show good application prospects in the fields of analysis and detection, photocatalysis and the like. The traditional quantum dots are composed of heavy metal elements, and the biological application of the traditional quantum dots is limited to a certain extent due to insufficient researches on the aspects of toxicity, stability, environmental hazard and the like. Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) are a particular type of quantum dots with particle sizes below 10nm and have gained much attention since their discovery in 2004 due to their advantages such as narrow forbidden band width, visible light absorption, low toxicity, water solubility, specific selectivity for target analytes, high sensitivity, etc. The CQD has the advantages of unique optical property, visible light absorption, high analysis speed, small cell damage, good water solubility and the like, can be used in various fields of biological imaging, chemical analysis and detection, photocatalysis and the like, and has wide application prospect.
The preparation of the carbon quantum dots comprises two methods of top-down and bottom-up. The bottom-up preparation is self-assembled from small-sized carbon sources through weak interaction; because the method is quick and the equipment is simple, the method is widely favored by scientific research workers: such as hydrothermal, solvothermal and microwave synthesis. Currently, many methods for synthesizing carbon quantum dots have been used, and scientists have used biological materials such as grass (Liu et al, 2012), waste paper (Wei et al, 2014), orange juice (SAHU et al, 2012), lemon juice (Ding et al, 2017), ascorbic acid (singing et al, 2017) and the like as carbon sources for green hydrothermal synthesis of CDs to synthesize CDs showing different fluorescence of blue, green or red. However, these methods are complicated in procedure and raw material composition, and it is difficult to realize industrial production.
There are also many reports on patents for carbon quantum dots, such as: CN109896517A discloses a blue fluorescent carbon quantum dot and a preparation method and application thereof, CN109880620A discloses a preparation method and application of a green fluorescent carbon quantum dot using biomass as a precursor, and CN107502349A discloses a preparation method of a water-soluble yellow fluorescent carbon quantum dot. DTPMPA (DTPMPA) is called DTPMPA (diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid), DETPMP Dequest:2060, molecular formula: c9H28O15N3P5Relative molecular mass: 573.2, brown yellow, brownish red, viscous liquid. The water treatment agent can be used as scale and corrosion inhibitor for circulating cooling water and boiler water, and also can be used as peroxide stabilizer, chelating agent for textile printing and dyeing, pigment dispersant, oxygen delignification stabilizer, trace element carrier in chemical fertilizer and concrete additive. In addition, the metal acid washing stabilizer is widely applied to the aspects of paper making, electroplating, metal pickling, cosmetics and the like, and can also be used as a stabilizer of an oxidizing bactericide. However, reports of using diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid (DTPMPA) to prepare carbon quantum dots have not been found in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the carbon quantum dot which has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, simple and quick method and easy achievement of industrial production requirements and the preparation method thereof, and provides technical support for realizing industrial production of the carbon quantum dot.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) comprises the following steps:
dissolving diethylenetriamine penta (DTPMPA) and citric acid or ethylenediamine which are used as raw materials in deionized water, and uniformly stirring; and then sealing the hydrothermal reaction, cooling the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
According to the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of DTPMPA to deionized water is 1: (10-100).
According to the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of DTPMPA to citric acid or ethylenediamine is 1: (0.1 to 10), and more preferably 1: (0.25-4).
According to the invention, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is preferably 150-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is preferably 6-48 h;
further preferably, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 6-24 h.
According to the invention, the filter membrane used for filtration has a pore size specification of
And (5) filtering the membrane.
According to the invention, a dark brown liquid is obtained after the hydrothermal reaction; and filtering the obtained brown liquid, and taking the filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
According to the invention, the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by using DTPMPA and citric acid as raw materials is preferably marked as CQD-1, and is characterized by an absorption peak of 343nm, an optimal excitation wavelength EX of 343nm and an optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM of 443 nm.
According to the invention, the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by taking DTPMPA and ethylenediamine as raw materials is preferably marked as CQD-2, the optimal excitation wavelength EX is 318nm, and the optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM is 390 nm.
According to the present invention, a preferred embodiment comprises the steps of:
weighing 2.500g of DTPMPA (50%, Tech), and 1.250g of citric acid powder, dissolving in 46.250g of deionized water, and stirring uniformly;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 6 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
the brown yellow liquid is passed through
And filtering by using a microporous filtering membrane, and taking filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
According to the present invention, another preferred embodiment comprises the steps of:
2.500g DTPMPA (50%, Tech) and 1.4mL ethylenediamine are weighed and dissolved in 46.250g deionized water, and the mixture is stirred uniformly;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 18 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
the brown yellow liquid is passed through
And filtering by using a microporous filtering membrane, and taking filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, DTPMPA is used as a raw material to synthesize the fluorescent carbon quantum dots, the raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, the DTPMPA not only contains a large amount of carbon elements, but also is rich in nitrogen elements and phosphorus elements, the doping of the nitrogen and phosphorus elements is beneficial to the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots, and the raw material is liquid, has no volatility, and is safe and environment-friendly.
2. The fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by DTPMPA and citric acid as raw materials has a characteristic absorption peak of 343nm, an optimal excitation wavelength EX (excitation wavelength) of 343nm and an optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM (fluorescence emission wavelength) of 443 nm.
The optimal excitation wavelength EX of the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by using DTPMPA and ethylenediamine as raw materials is 318nm, and the optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM is 390 nm.
3. The fluorescent carbon quantum dot obtained by the invention has the advantages of good water solubility, stable chemical property, simple synthesis method, low raw material cost and the like, can be used as a fluorescent probe in the field of water body detection, and the synthesis method is simple and rapid and can easily meet the requirement of realizing industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of CQD-1 prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a fluorescence emission spectrum of CQD-1 prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a standard curve of the fluorescence intensity concentration of CQD-1 prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a fluorescence emission spectrum of CQD-2 prepared in example 3.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing fluorescence properties at different reaction temperatures of the carbon quantum dots obtained in example 1, examples 4 to 6, and comparative example 1 of test example 1.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing fluorescence properties of carbon quantum dots obtained in example 1, examples 7 to 9, and comparative example 2 in test example 2 at different reaction times.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the meaning of the present invention, the following examples are given to explain the contents of the present invention, but the contents are not limited thereto. The raw materials used in the examples are all conventional commercial products.
The DTPMPA is an industrial-grade medicament, and the mass concentration of the DTPMPA is 50%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), which comprises the following steps:
weigh 2.500g DTPMPA (50%, Tech) and 1.250g citric acid powder (m)DTPMPA/mCitric acid1:1) is dissolved in 46.250g of deionized water and is stirred uniformly;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 6 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
the brown yellow liquid is passed through
And (4) filtering by using a microporous filtering membrane, and taking the filtrate to obtain a fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution which is marked as CQD-1.
Diluting the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution to 1g/L, and scanning through an absorption spectrum to obtain a characteristic absorption peak of the quantum dot, which is 343nm (figure 1); the fluorescence spectrum scan (fig. 2) was obtained by further diluting the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution to 10mg/L and setting EX to 343nm, and the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength of the fluorescent carbon quantum dot was 443nm and the absolute fluorescence intensity value was 1594.
Setting EX as 343nm, respectively measuring the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent carbon quantum dots under different concentrations, and drawing a standard curve of the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of the carbon quantum dots (figure 3), wherein a specific linear relation expression of the standard curve is as follows: 165.4009x (R)2＝0.9999)；
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), which comprises the following steps:
4.501g DTPMPA (50%, Tech), 0.550g citric acid powder (m)DTPMPA/mCitric acidDissolving the powder (4: 1) in 45.125g of deionized water, and uniformly stirring;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 220 ℃ for 9 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
the brown yellow liquid is passed through
And filtering by using a microporous filtering membrane, and taking filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), which comprises the following steps:
2.500g DTPMPA (50%, Tech), 1.4mL ethylenediamine (m) was weighedDTPMPA/mEthylene diamine1:1) is dissolved in 46.250g of deionized water and is stirred uniformly;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 18 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
the brown yellow liquid is passed through
And (4) filtering by using a microporous filtering membrane, and taking the filtrate to obtain a fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution which is marked as CQD-2.
The fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution is diluted to 1g/L, the optimal excitation wavelength EX of the carbon quantum dot is 318nm through scanning by a fluorescence photometer, the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength EM is 390nm, and the absolute fluorescence intensity value is 3674.
In this example, compared with example 1, the raw materials used are DTPMPA and ethylenediamine, while the raw materials used in example 1 are DTPMPA and citric acid; in the detection of the fluorescence intensity, the fluorescence photometer has the same other settings except the excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength, and the comparison of the excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength shows that the carbon quantum dot synthesized by DTPMPA and citric acid is longer than the optimal excitation wavelength and higher fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dot synthesized by DTPMPA and ethylenediamine.
Example 4
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction temperature was 150 ℃.
Example 5
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction temperature was 200 ℃.
Example 6
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction temperature was 220 ℃.
Example 7
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction time is 12 h.
Example 8
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction time is 24 h.
Example 9
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction time is 48 h.
Comparative example 1
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction temperature was 120 ℃.
Comparative example 2
As described in example 1, except that:
the hydrothermal reaction time is 2 h.
Test example 1
The fluorescence properties of the carbon quantum dots obtained in example 1, examples 4 to 6, and comparative example 1 were tested, as shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, in a certain temperature range, the fluorescence property of the prepared carbon quantum dot is enhanced along with the increase of the reaction temperature; below 150 ℃ the fluorescence decreases dramatically. Therefore, the invention controls the reaction temperature to be 150-220 ℃.
Test example 2
The fluorescence properties of the carbon quantum dots obtained in example 1, examples 7 to 9, and comparative example 2 were tested, as shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the fluorescence property of the prepared carbon quantum dot is enhanced with the increase of the reaction time, and the preferable reaction time is determined to be 6h to 24h in consideration of the cost and the performance.
Claims (9)
1. A method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) comprises the following steps:
dissolving diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) and citric acid or ethylenediamine which are used as raw materials in deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then sealing the hydrothermal reaction, cooling the reaction liquid after the reaction is finished, and filtering to obtain filtrate, namely the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution;
the mass ratio of the diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid to the citric acid or the ethylenediamine is 1: (0.1-10), the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 150-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 6-48 h.
2. The method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) to the deionized water is 1: (10-100).
3. The method for synthesizing the carbon quantum dots based on the diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) to the citric acid or the ethylenediamine is 1: (0.25-4).
4. The method for synthesizing the carbon quantum dots based on the diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid according to the claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 6-24 h.
5. The method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) according to claim 1, wherein the filter membrane used for filtration has a pore size specification of phi =0.2 ㎛ -0.5 ㎛.
6. The method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by using diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid and citric acid as raw materials has characteristic absorption peak of 343nm, optimal excitation wavelength EX =343nm, and optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM =443 nm.
7. The method for synthesizing carbon quantum dots based on diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphoric acid) according to claim 1, wherein the optimal excitation wavelength EX =318nm and the optimal fluorescence emission wavelength EM =390nm of the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution synthesized by taking diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphoric acid) and ethylenediamine as raw materials.
8. The method for synthesizing the carbon quantum dots based on the diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid according to the claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing 2.500g of industrial-grade medicament diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 50 percent, dissolving 1.250g of citric acid powder in 46.250g of deionized water, and uniformly stirring;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 6 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
and filtering the liquid by a phi =0.2 ㎛ micro-pore filter membrane, and taking the filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
9. The method for synthesizing the carbon quantum dots based on the diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid according to the claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing 2.500g of 50% industrial-grade medicament diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid and 1.4mL of ethylenediamine, dissolving in 46.250g of deionized water, and uniformly stirring;
transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction synthesis kettle, screwing the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an oven, setting a constant reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 18 hours of reaction time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain dark brown liquid;
and filtering the liquid by a phi =0.2 ㎛ micro-pore filter membrane, and taking the filtrate to obtain the fluorescent carbon quantum dot solution.
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