CN111591153A - Self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for parking lot and planning method - Google Patents
Self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for parking lot and planning method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for an electric automobile parking lot and a planning method, wherein the system comprises an entrance detection part, a charging parking lot part, a scheduling platform and an electromagnetic public indication part; the entrance detection part comprises a charging plan acquisition device, a vehicle-mounted coil identification device and a parking space guidance system; the electric automobile charging station part comprises a coil reconstruction executing mechanism and a charging parameter collector; the dispatching platform comprises a coil reconstruction strategy selector, an electromagnetic environment model building module and a regional collaborative parking space planning program; the electromagnetic public display part comprises a patrol unmanned aerial vehicle, a human body electromagnetic exposure model building module and an electromagnetic environment public display screen. The invention provides a regional collaborative wireless charging network for various parking lots based on the fusion of reconfigurable coils and coil identification principles and in combination with related detection and control technologies, and solves the problems of parking charging of electric vehicles in public areas and large-scale electromagnetic compatibility of the parking lots in the prior art in combination with related electromagnetic evaluation means.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for a parking lot and a planning method.
Background
Electric vehicles have been rapidly developed in recent years as an important approach to solve the problems of resource shortage, environmental pollution, and the like. A series of policy measures are adopted at home and abroad to encourage the electric automobile industry. At present, due to the limitation of battery capacity and charging infrastructure, the charging problem becomes the most important bottleneck problem in the development process of electric vehicles. Because the wireless power transmission technology can solve the interface limitation, safety problems and the like faced by the traditional conduction type charging, the wireless power transmission technology is gradually developed into a main mode of charging the electric automobile. In recent years, work carried out in the aspect of designing a wireless charging coupling mechanism of an electric vehicle mainly focuses on improving the transmission power, the anti-offset performance, the dynamic charging, the analysis of the electromagnetic environment of the vehicle and the like, but a high-compatibility primary and secondary coil self-matching mechanism and a research on an evaluation and optimization method of the electromagnetic environment in a parking lot wireless charging scene are lacked, which is a compatibility problem that needs to be solved in the large-scale application of the wireless charging of the electric vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system and a planning method for an electric automobile parking lot, and solves the problems of parking charging of electric automobiles in public areas and large-scale electromagnetic compatibility of the parking lot.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an adaptive configuration wireless charging system for an electric vehicle parking lot comprises an entrance detection part, a charging parking lot part, a dispatching platform and an electromagnetic public indication part; the entrance detection part comprises a charging plan acquisition device, a vehicle-mounted coil identification device and a parking space guidance system; the electric automobile charging station part comprises a coil reconstruction executing mechanism and a charging parameter collector; the dispatching platform comprises a coil reconstruction strategy selector, an electromagnetic environment model building module and a regional collaborative parking space planning program; the electromagnetic public display part consists of an inspection unmanned aerial vehicle, a human body electromagnetic exposure model building module and an electromagnetic environment public display screen;
in the entrance detection part of the parking lot, a charging plan acquisition device is used for acquiring a charging plan of an entrance vehicle, including the size and the planned power of the vehicle to be charged, and reporting data to a scheduling platform; the vehicle-mounted coil recognition device is provided with a plurality of dispersed magnetic field probes and is used for collecting the magnetic field characteristics of a secondary coil of an entering vehicle, recognizing the type of the secondary coil and then guiding the reconstruction of a primary coil; the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to enter an appointed parking space at an entrance according to the optimal parking space distributed after the regional coordination;
in the charging parking part of the electric automobile, a coil reconfiguration executing mechanism is used for executing a coil reconfiguration instruction given by a scheduling platform, reconfiguring a primary coil and starting a charging task; the charging parameter collector is used for acquiring the voltage, the current and the phase of the primary and secondary side coils in the charging process in real time;
in the dispatching platform part, a coil reconfiguration strategy selector is a coil self-matching program and is used for matching a primary coil type with the best compatibility with a secondary coil according to the type of the secondary coil and sending an instruction to an execution mechanism; the electromagnetic environment model building module is used for performing real-time electromagnetic modeling analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid simulation prediction on the wireless charging of the electric automobile, and performing accurate correction on an electromagnetic model according to a measured value of a magnetic field probe and a charging parameter acquisition value; the regional collaborative parking space planning program needs to combine the charging plan of the vehicles to be charged with the rest parking spaces according to the current electromagnetic environment in the parking lot to quickly predict the electromagnetic environment in the parking lot, evaluate the best parking space and send an instruction to a parking space guidance system;
in the electromagnetic public part, the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle is used for tracking and calculating the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field in real time; the human body electromagnetic exposure model building module builds a human body accurate model by using simulation software, and evaluates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism according to the electromagnetic environment safety threshold; the electromagnetic environment bulletin screen is used for real-time bulletin of electromagnetic environment in a parking lot and electromagnetic exposure condition of personnel in the parking lot.
Preferably, the self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system is suitable for a solenoid type, annular or DD type secondary coil, after a charged automobile enters an entrance detection part of a parking lot, the vehicle-mounted battery carries out instantaneous reverse discharge on the secondary coil, the magnetic field probe carries out magnetic field characteristic capture, namely the amplitude and the direction of a horizontal magnetic field at the near ground end are captured, a magnetic force line distribution diagram is generated, and the type of the secondary coil is automatically identified according to the magnetic force line density.
Preferably, the primary coil is a combination of an annular coil, a solenoid coil and a DD coil, the annular secondary coil is charged by independently exciting the annular coil, the solenoid-type secondary coil is charged by independently exciting the solenoid coil, the DD coil is charged by independently exciting the secondary coil with the DD-type and DDQ-type derivative structures, and the combined topology is formed by simultaneously exciting the solenoid coil and the DD coil, so that the situation that the receiving power of the DD coil does not reach the standard is compensated.
Preferably, the primary coil is combined in a manner that a solenoid coil is longitudinally wound on the DD-type coil.
Preferably, the coil reconstruction strategy selector is realized by matching the primary coil type with the highest compatibility according to the secondary coil type, analyzing the compatibility of different structures of the primary and secondary coils according to the principle of 'magnetic field superposition gain' of a coupling area under the condition that the primary and secondary coils have larger offset, determining the number of turns of the input solenoid coil for compensation, forming a combined scheme combining a reconfigurable primary coil structure library and the primary and secondary coils, and matching and calling the scheme after identifying the type of the vehicle-mounted coil.
Preferably, the regional collaborative parking space planning program needs to be executed step by combining the remaining parking spaces, the charging plan and the electromagnetic environment;
firstly, screening out all remaining parking spaces and position distribution of the parking spaces in a parking lot by a program;
then the program screens out the parking spaces matched with the charging plan again in all the remaining parking spaces according to the vehicle charging plan which is pre-collected, and two conditions are simultaneously met: 1) sP(parking space area) > 1.5SC(vehicle footprint); 2) pP(parking space charging power) > PC(vehicle real power);
and finally, the program carries out rapid prediction on the electromagnetic environment of all matched parking spaces, simulates the electromagnetic environment around the parking spaces when the vehicle is charged, and selects the parking space with the minimum electromagnetic environment in prediction as the optimal charging parking space of the vehicle.
A planning method for an adaptive configuration wireless charging system of an electric automobile parking lot comprises the following steps:
(1) parameters such as the size, the power and the like of a vehicle driving into a parking lot are acquired through a charging plan acquisition device and are uploaded to a scheduling platform;
(2) the vehicle-mounted coil identification device distinguishes coil types of vehicles and reports the coil types to a scheduling platform;
(3) the coil reconstruction strategy selector is matched with a primary coil type with the highest compatibility degree with the vehicle-mounted coil in the system;
(4) the dispatching platform establishes an electromagnetic environment model to execute real-time electromagnetic analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid prediction, and can correct according to the measurement data;
(5) the regional collaborative parking space planning program is combined with the electromagnetic environment predicted value, the rest parking spaces and the vehicle charging plan to predict the parking spaces with the optimal electromagnetic environment in the yard, and a reconstruction strategy is sent to the designated parking spaces;
(6) the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to drive into the target parking space, and the vehicle starts to be charged after reconstruction is executed;
(7) the charging parameter collector measures actual charging voltage and current, and uploads the actual charging voltage and current to the scheduling platform to modify the electromagnetic environment model;
(8) the patrol unmanned aerial vehicle tracks the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field, feeds the space three-dimensional coordinates back to the platform, and calculates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism through the human body electromagnetic model;
(9) the electromagnetic environment publicity screen publicizes electromagnetic exposure data of electromagnetic environment and personnel in the field in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: based on the fusion of a reconfigurable coil and a coil identification principle, a related detection and control technology is combined, a regional collaborative wireless charging network is provided for various parking lots, the large-scale wireless charging requirements of electric vehicles of various brands and models are met, the problems of parking charging of the electric vehicles in the public region and large-scale electromagnetic compatibility of the parking lots are solved by combining related electromagnetic evaluation means, and the public worry about wireless charging is eliminated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall flowchart of an adaptive configuration wireless charging system for an electric vehicle parking lot.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an on-board (secondary) coil identification for an adaptively configured wireless charging system.
Fig. 3 is a topological diagram of a fused reconfigurable primary coil of the adaptive configuration wireless charging system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an adaptive configuration wireless charging system for electric vehicle scaling mainly includes four parts: the system comprises an entrance detection part, a charging parking part, a dispatching platform and an electromagnetic public part. The entrance detection part of the parking lot consists of a charging plan acquisition device, a vehicle-mounted coil identification device and a parking space guidance system, and mainly completes the information acquisition and navigation tasks of vehicles; the charging station part of the electric automobile consists of a coil reconstruction executing mechanism and a charging parameter collector; the dispatching platform consists of a coil reconstruction strategy selector, an electromagnetic environment model and a regional collaborative parking space planning program and mainly completes tasks of remote control and electromagnetic analysis; the electromagnetic public display part consists of an inspection unmanned aerial vehicle, a human body electromagnetic exposure model and an electromagnetic environment public display screen. The respective components are explained in detail below.
Entrance detection section of parking lot: the charging plan acquisition device is used for acquiring a charging plan of an entering vehicle, including information such as the size of the vehicle to be charged and the planned power, and reporting data to the scheduling platform; the vehicle-mounted coil recognition device mainly comprises a plurality of dispersed magnetic field probes, can automatically recognize the magnetic field characteristics (amplitude and direction) of the secondary coil of an entering vehicle according to the magnetic field characteristics, determines the type of the secondary coil and then guides the reconstruction of the primary coil; and the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to enter the appointed parking space at the entrance according to the optimal parking space distributed after the regional coordination.
The charging station part of the electric automobile: the coil reconstruction executing mechanism is used for executing a coil reconstruction instruction given by the scheduling platform, reconstructing the primary coil and starting a charging task; the charging parameter collector is used for acquiring parameters such as voltage, current and phase of the primary side coil and the secondary side coil in the charging process in real time.
The dispatching platform part: the coil reconstruction strategy selector is mainly a coil self-matching program, can be matched with a primary coil type with the best compatibility with a secondary coil according to the type of a vehicle-mounted (secondary) coil, and sends an instruction to an execution mechanism; the electromagnetic environment model building module is mainly used for performing real-time electromagnetic modeling analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid simulation prediction on wireless charging of the electric automobile, and can perform accurate correction on an electromagnetic model according to a measured value of a magnetic field probe and a charging parameter acquisition value; the regional collaborative parking space planning program needs to combine the charging plan of the remaining parking spaces and the vehicles to be charged according to the current electromagnetic environment in the parking lot, perform rapid prediction of the electromagnetic environment in the parking lot, evaluate the best parking space, and send an instruction to a parking space guidance system.
An electromagnetic presentation portion: the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle is used for tracking and calculating the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field in real time; the human body electromagnetic exposure model building module builds a human body accurate model by using simulation software, and evaluates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism according to the electromagnetic environment safety threshold; the electromagnetic environment bulletin screen is used for real-time bulletin of electromagnetic environment in a parking lot and electromagnetic exposure condition of personnel in the parking lot.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of secondary coil identification based on magnetic field characteristics for an adaptive configuration wireless charging system is provided. The identification process of the secondary coil with three basic structures is given in the figure, when an automobile to be charged enters a charging potential, the vehicle-mounted battery carries out instantaneous reverse discharge on the secondary coil, the magnetic field probe captures magnetic field characteristics, namely the amplitude and the direction of a horizontal plane magnetic field at the near-ground end, and a magnetic line distribution diagram is generated. It can be known from fig. 2 that the magnetic force lines directly below the toroidal coil are the most dense, the magnetic field characteristics are obviously different from the other two characteristics, and the solenoid type and DD type coils have magnetic field characteristics which are relatively close, but the distribution of the magnetic force lines is also different. Therefore, the coil type with the largest difference between the measurement data of the charging position central magnetic field probe and the measurement mean value of the peripheral magnetic field probe is the annular coil, the coil type with the largest difference is the spiral coil, and the coil type with the smallest difference is the DD coil. In order to realize complete matching of the primary and secondary coil types to improve interoperability, more magnetic field characteristics can be captured to distinguish the secondary coil types. Based on the identification process of the secondary coils with the three basic structures, other identification methods of various types of secondary coils with high precision and high reliability can be researched, and efficient self-matching of the original secondary coil is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, a topological diagram of a fusion reconfigurable primary coil of a self-adaptively configured wireless charging system for an electric vehicle parking lot is shown. The fused reconfigurable primary coil topology mainly comprises an organic combination of basic structures such as a ring coil, a solenoid coil and a DD coil and an adaptive compensation network for keeping high transmission performance when coil parameters are changed. By longitudinally winding a solenoid coil on the original DD-type coil, exciting a single-sided DD coil results in a toroidal coil. The basic components of the primary coil can be used independently or cooperatively, a single excitation coil (a ring coil or a solenoid coil) can charge secondary coils with the same structure, a DD (direct digital) type coil can charge secondary coils with derivative structures such as DD (direct digital) type and DDQ (direct digital) type structures, and each turn of solenoid coil can be independently excited to form a combined topology by cooperating with the DD coil, so that the situation that the receiving power does not reach the standard due to various reasons such as system parameter mismatching, position misalignment and the like of the ring coil and the DD coil is compensated. To save on the overall size of the coil when designed, the solenoid coil may be wrapped around a ferrite plate and embedded between turns of the toroidal coil or DD coil. The combined topology can reconstruct the primary side transmitting coil and the related circuit according to the matching degree or the offset degree of different primary and secondary side coils, the wireless charging efficiency is not lower than 92% under various conditions, and the theoretical coupling efficiency reaches 99.16% under the condition that a 6.6kW system generates 12cm transverse offset. The coil reconstruction strategy selector is realized by matching a primary coil type with highest compatibility according to a secondary coil type, analyzing the compatibility of different structures of an original secondary coil under the condition that the original secondary coil has larger offset mainly according to the principle of 'magnetic field superposition gain' in a coupling area, determining the number of turns of a solenoid coil for compensation, forming a combined scheme of fusing a reconfigurable primary coil structure library and the original secondary coil, and matching and calling the scheme after identifying the type of the vehicle-mounted coil.
With reference to fig. 1, it can be seen that the process of the method for planning the wireless charging grid of the electric vehicle parking lot of the present invention includes the following steps:
(1) parameters such as the size, the power and the like of a vehicle driving into a parking lot are acquired through a charging plan acquisition device and are uploaded to a scheduling platform;
(2) the vehicle-mounted coil identification device distinguishes coil types of vehicles and reports the coil types to a scheduling platform;
(3) the coil reconstruction strategy selector is matched with a primary coil type with the highest compatibility degree with the vehicle-mounted coil in the system;
(4) the dispatching platform establishes an electromagnetic environment model to execute real-time electromagnetic analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid prediction, and can correct according to the measurement data;
(5) the regional collaborative parking space planning program is combined with the electromagnetic environment predicted value, the rest parking spaces and the vehicle charging plan to predict the parking spaces with the optimal electromagnetic environment in the yard, and a reconstruction strategy is sent to the designated parking spaces;
(6) the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to drive into the target parking space, and the vehicle starts to be charged after reconstruction is executed;
(7) the charging parameter collector measures actual charging voltage and current, and uploads the actual charging voltage and current to the scheduling platform to modify the electromagnetic environment model;
(8) the patrol unmanned aerial vehicle tracks the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field, feeds the space three-dimensional coordinates back to the platform, and calculates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism through the human body electromagnetic model;
(9) the electromagnetic environment publicity screen publicizes electromagnetic exposure data of electromagnetic environment and personnel in the field in real time.
The regional collaborative parking space planning program needs to be executed step by combining the remaining parking spaces, the charging plan and the electromagnetic environment. Firstly, the program screens out all the remaining parking spaces and the position distribution of the parking spaces in the parking lot. Then the program screens out the parking spaces matched with the charging plan again in all the remaining parking spaces according to the vehicle charging plan which is pre-collected, and two conditions are simultaneously met: 1) sP(parking space area) > 1.5SC(vehicle footprint); 2) pP(parking space charging power) > PC(vehicle real power). And finally, the program carries out rapid prediction on the electromagnetic environment of all matched parking spaces, simulates the electromagnetic environment around the parking spaces when the vehicle is charged, and selects the parking space with the minimum electromagnetic environment in prediction as the optimal charging parking space of the vehicle.
Therefore, the invention realizes the regional collaborative wireless charging network for various parking lots, solves the problems of parking charging of the electric vehicles in the public areas and large-scale electromagnetic compatibility of the parking lots, and eliminates the public worry about wireless charging.
Claims (8)
1. A self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for an electric automobile parking lot is characterized by comprising an entrance detection part, a charging parking place part, a scheduling platform and an electromagnetic public indication part, wherein the entrance detection part of the parking lot comprises a charging plan acquisition device, a vehicle-mounted coil identification device and a parking place guiding system; the charging station part of the electric automobile comprises a coil reconstruction executing mechanism and a charging parameter collector; the dispatching platform comprises a coil reconstruction strategy selector, an electromagnetic environment model building module and a regional collaborative parking space planning program; the electromagnetic public display part consists of an inspection unmanned aerial vehicle, a human body electromagnetic exposure model building module and an electromagnetic environment public display screen;
in the entrance detection part of the parking lot, a charging plan acquisition device is used for acquiring a charging plan of an entrance vehicle, including the size and the planned power of the vehicle to be charged, and reporting data to a scheduling platform; the vehicle-mounted coil recognition device is provided with a plurality of dispersed magnetic field probes and is used for collecting the magnetic field characteristics of a secondary coil of an entering vehicle, recognizing the type of the secondary coil and then guiding the reconstruction of a primary coil; the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to enter an appointed parking space at an entrance according to the optimal parking space distributed after the regional coordination;
in a charging parking part of the electric automobile, a coil reconfiguration executing mechanism is used for executing a coil reconfiguration instruction given by a scheduling platform, reconfiguring a primary coil and starting a charging task; the charging parameter collector is used for acquiring the voltage, the current and the phase of the primary and secondary side coils in the charging process in real time;
in the dispatching platform part, a coil reconfiguration strategy selector is a coil self-matching program and is used for matching a primary coil type with the best compatibility with a secondary coil according to the type of the secondary coil and sending an instruction to an execution mechanism; the electromagnetic environment model building module is used for performing real-time electromagnetic modeling analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid simulation prediction on the wireless charging of the electric automobile, and performing accurate correction on an electromagnetic model according to a measured value of a magnetic field probe and a charging parameter acquisition value; the regional collaborative parking space planning program needs to combine the charging plan of the vehicles to be charged with the rest parking spaces according to the current electromagnetic environment in the parking lot to quickly predict the electromagnetic environment in the parking lot, evaluate the best parking space and send an instruction to a parking space guidance system;
in the electromagnetic public display part, the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle is used for tracking and calculating the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field in real time; the human body electromagnetic exposure model building module builds a human body accurate model by using simulation software, and evaluates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism according to the electromagnetic environment safety threshold; the electromagnetic environment bulletin screen is used for real-time bulletin of electromagnetic environment in a parking lot and electromagnetic exposure condition of personnel in the parking lot.
2. The self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric automobile parking lot as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is suitable for solenoid type, annular type or DD type secondary coil, after a charged automobile enters an entrance detection part of the parking lot, the vehicle-mounted battery carries out instantaneous reverse discharge on the secondary coil, the magnetic field probe captures magnetic field characteristics, namely the amplitude and the direction of a near-ground end horizontal plane magnetic field, generates a magnetic force line distribution diagram, and automatically identifies the type of the secondary coil according to the magnetic force line density.
3. The self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric automobile parking lot according to claim 2, wherein the primary coil is a combination of an annular coil, a solenoid coil and a DD coil, the annular secondary coil is charged by independently exciting the annular coil, the solenoid-type secondary coil is charged by independently exciting the solenoid coil, the DD coil is independently excited to charge the secondary coils of the DD-type and DDQ-type derivative structures, and the combined topology is formed by simultaneously exciting the solenoid coil and the DD coil, so that the situation that the receiving power of the DD coil does not reach the standard is compensated.
4. The self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric automobile parking lot according to claim 2, wherein the primary coil is a combination of a solenoid coil and a DD coil, the solenoid-type secondary coil is charged by separately exciting the solenoid coil, the secondary coils of the DD-type and DDQ-type derivative structures are charged by separately exciting the DD coil, and the annular secondary coil is charged by exciting the DD coil on one side.
5. The adaptive configuration wireless charging system for electric vehicle parking lots according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the primary coil is combined in a form that a solenoid coil is longitudinally wound on a DD-type coil.
6. The self-adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric automobile parking lot according to claim 1, wherein the coil reconfiguration strategy selector is implemented by matching a primary coil type with highest compatibility according to a secondary coil type, analyzing the compatibility of different structures of an original secondary coil according to a principle of 'magnetic field superposition gain' of a coupling area under the condition that the original secondary coil has large offset, determining the number of turns of a solenoid coil used for compensation, forming a combined scheme of fusing a reconfigurable primary coil structure library and the original secondary coil, and matching and calling the scheme after identifying the type of the vehicle-mounted coil.
7. The adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric vehicle parking lot according to claim 1, wherein the regional collaborative parking space planning procedure needs to be executed step by step in combination with the remaining parking spaces, the charging plan and the electromagnetic environment;
firstly, screening out all remaining parking spaces and position distribution of the parking spaces in a parking lot by a program;
then the program screens out the parking spaces matched with the charging plan again in all the remaining parking spaces according to the vehicle charging plan which is pre-collected, and two conditions are simultaneously met: 1) sP(parking space area) > 1.5SC(vehicle footprint); 2) pP(parking space charging power) > PC(vehicle real power);
and finally, the program carries out rapid prediction on the electromagnetic environment of all matched parking spaces, simulates the electromagnetic environment around the parking spaces when the vehicle is charged, and selects the parking space with the minimum electromagnetic environment in prediction as the optimal charging parking space of the vehicle.
8. The planning method for the adaptive configuration wireless charging system for the electric vehicle parking lot according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) parameters such as the size, the power and the like of a vehicle driving into a parking lot are acquired through a charging plan acquisition device and are uploaded to a scheduling platform;
(2) the vehicle-mounted coil identification device distinguishes coil types of vehicles and reports the coil types to a scheduling platform;
(3) the coil reconstruction strategy selector is matched with a primary coil type with the highest compatibility degree with the vehicle-mounted coil in the system;
(4) the dispatching platform establishes an electromagnetic environment model to execute real-time electromagnetic analysis and electromagnetic environment rapid prediction, and can correct according to the measurement data;
(5) the regional collaborative parking space planning program is combined with the electromagnetic environment predicted value, the rest parking spaces and the vehicle charging plan to predict the parking spaces with the optimal electromagnetic environment in the yard, and a reconstruction strategy is sent to the designated parking spaces;
(6) the parking space guiding system guides the vehicle to be charged to drive into the target parking space, and the vehicle starts to be charged after reconstruction is executed;
(7) the charging parameter collector measures actual charging voltage and current, and uploads the actual charging voltage and current to the scheduling platform to modify the electromagnetic environment model;
(8) the patrol unmanned aerial vehicle tracks the space three-dimensional coordinates of personnel in the field, feeds the space three-dimensional coordinates back to the platform, and calculates the electromagnetic exposure condition of the organism through the human body electromagnetic model;
(9) the electromagnetic environment publicity screen publicizes electromagnetic exposure data of electromagnetic environment and personnel in the field in real time.
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