CN111589589B - High-concentration efficient lead-zinc ore dressing process - Google Patents
High-concentration efficient lead-zinc ore dressing process Download PDFInfo
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
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- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process, which comprises the steps of grinding, grading, concentrating and dehydrating lead-zinc raw ores, selecting lead (silver) and zinc, mixing middlings of a lead selecting part, namely lead concentration 1 tailings and lead scavenging 1 foam with the raw ores, circulating the mixture for the second time, and feeding the mixture into a raw ore thickener for secondary concentration, thereby realizing high-concentration high-efficiency separation of lead, zinc and silver. After the ore pulp is concentrated, the lead and silver which are easy to float are quickly produced into lead concentrate by using a flotation machine, the lead and silver which are difficult to float in middlings continuously act with a medicament by using the concentration machine, and enter lead dressing roughing and fine dressing together with raw ores, so that the lead and silver are fully floated and enter the lead concentrate, zinc and pyrite in the lead middlings are continuously inhibited to enter lead tailings, the lead dressing concentration is always controlled to be 50-52%, and the lead tailing concentration is stabilized to be 45-47% to remove zinc. The process method not only greatly improves the concentrate grade and the recovery rate, but also has stable flow, convenient control, low consumption of water, electricity and chemicals and full utilization of return water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a beneficiation process, in particular to a high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc beneficiation process.
Background
The lead-zinc resource is an important mineral resource in China, and nearly thousands of existing lead-zinc colored mines are mainly lead-zinc-silver polymetallic sulfide ores. The lead and zinc concentrate is the main raw material for producing lead, zinc, silver, lead and zinc compounds. How to utilize limited lead and zinc mineral resources and improve the mineral separation recovery rate of lead and zinc is particularly important for both enterprises and countries.
In a lead-zinc nonferrous metal mine, the traditional mineral separation process of lead-zinc flotation in China at present is ore grinding, grading, lead flotation and zinc flotation, wherein the lead-zinc flotation generally adopts 1 roughing, 3-4 scavenging and 2-3 concentrating to return to the flow in sequence, and flotation equipment is mostly a flotation machine. The traditional beneficiation process method has the problems that the concentration of graded overflow flotation pulp is low, foam flushing water is more in the flotation process, the pulp is large in size and long in flow, so that the beneficiation recovery rate and the concentrate grade of lead-zinc-silver are difficult to further improve, and meanwhile, the problems of high water-electricity-medicine consumption, poor operation stability, high beneficiation cost and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method which not only greatly improves the concentrate grade and the recovery rate, but also has stable flow, convenient control, low consumption of hydroelectric agents and full utilization of return water, and solves the problems of low concentration of selected ore pulp, large influence of foam flushing water on flotation concentration, large ore pulp volume, short flotation time, poor stability, insufficient lead-zinc-silver polymetallic ore concentrate grade and ore dressing recovery rate and high consumption of hydroelectric agents.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method comprises the following steps:
after ball milling and grading of lead-zinc raw ore, the mass concentration of graded overflow of a swirler is 25-30%, the fineness of minus 200 meshes accounts for 75-80%, the raw ore is concentrated and dehydrated by a raw ore concentrator to 50-52% of mass concentration, a stirring barrel is used before lead separation, zinc sulfate is added in an amount of 350g/t, sodium sulfite is added in an amount of 100g/t, lime is added in an amount of 1000g/t to inhibit zinc mineral and pyrite, and aniline black: ammonium nitrate black powder: butyl xanthate is 8: 1: the combined collecting agent of 1 is 40-50g/t, the mixed material enters a flotation machine for lead roughing after being stirred, lead concentrate is obtained after lead roughing foam is refined for 3 times, the lead roughing tailings are scavenged for 3 times, the floatable residual lead and silver are cleaned, the lead concentrate 3 tailings are returned to lead refining 2, the lead concentrate 2 tailings are returned to lead refining 1, the lead scavenging 3 foam is returned to lead scavenging 2, the lead scavenging 2 foam is returned to lead scavenging 1, and the lead scavenging 1 foam is returned in sequence; adding 80-100g/t of zinc sulfate and 40-50g/t of sodium sulfite into 1 part of lead concentration, 2 parts of lead concentration and 3 parts of lead concentration respectively; 10-15g/t of combined collecting agent is added into each of the lead scavenging 1, the lead scavenging 2 and the lead scavenging 3, the lead recovery rate is not lower than 92%, and the silver recovery rate in lead is not lower than 63%;
the mass concentration of lead tail is 45-47%, copper sulfate 350-;
the tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam of the lead scavenging 1 enter a raw ore thickener together to take away a large amount of water, the water is concentrated to 50-52% of the mass concentration of underflow, the underflow is pumped to a stirring barrel before lead separation, and the underflow and the lead-silver are fed into lead roughing and lead-silver separation again after the action of a lead-separating agent.
As a further improvement of the high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process, concentrated overflow water is returned to the ball milling and grading process and is used for lead dressing.
As a further improvement of the high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process, in the combined collecting agent, the mass ratio of aniline black: ammonium nitrate black powder: butyl xanthate is 8: 1: 1.
according to the high-concentration lead-zinc ore dressing method, the lead roughing flotation mass concentration is stably controlled to be 50-52%, and the lead tail mass concentration is stably up to 45-47%. The mass concentration of lead roughing and lead tail is 15-20% higher than that of the conventional flotation process flow without raw ore concentration, and the mass concentration of lead roughing and lead tail is 10-12% higher than that of the raw ore concentration lead-dressing flow in which lead concentration 1 tailings and lead scavenging 1 foam, part of middlings, are directly returned to lead roughing.
The invention relates to a lead concentration 1 tailing and raw ore mixed secondary circulation entering raw ore thickener and concentration co-separation lead (silver) ore dressing process method, wherein the lead concentration 1 tailing automatically flows into the raw ore for concentration, the ore quantity in the part is more or less, the stability of the liquid level of rough concentration ore pulp is hardly influenced, the flow of concentration underflow is constant, and the liquid level of the rough concentration ore pulp is almost unchanged; the fine selection scraping amount is more or less, and the influence on rough selection is extremely small.
The invention relates to a lead scavenging 1 foam and raw ore mixing secondary circulation entering raw ore thickener and concentrating co-separation lead (silver) and zinc ore dressing process method, wherein the lead scavenging 1 foam automatically flows into the raw ore to concentrate, the ore quantity in the part is more and less, the stability of the liquid level of rough concentration ore pulp is hardly influenced, the flow of concentration underflow is constant, and the liquid level of rough concentration is almost unchanged; the sweeping scraping amount is more or less, and the influence on rough dressing is extremely small.
According to the lead concentration 1 tailing and lead scavenging 1 foam-part middling and raw ore mixed secondary circulation and concentration co-separation lead-zinc ore dressing method, lead and silver which float well in the raw ore float out of the rough dressing and enter the product quickly, lead and silver which are difficult to float have more time to act with a medicament to float, zinc and pyrite are further inhibited, the effect of differentiation from the medicament is realized, the recovery rate of lead and silver is higher, the zinc and sulfur in lead are lower, and the main grade of the lead concentrate is improved.
The high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method has the advantages of greatly improving the lead concentration, relatively independent roughing, concentrating and scavenging, stable flow, greatly reducing the volume of flotation pulp, prolonging the lead-silver flotation time, reducing the dosage of lead reagents, reducing equipment, reducing power consumption and obviously improving the lead dressing main grade and the lead-silver recovery rate.
The high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method of the invention has the advantages that the tail is subjected to high-concentration zinc dressing, the concentration of the zinc dressing is greatly improved without concentrating the lead tail, the volume of the flotation ore pulp is greatly reduced, the zinc flotation time is prolonged, the dosage of the zinc reagent is reduced, and the main grade and the recovery rate of the zinc dressing are obviously improved.
According to the high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process, the ore dressing agent is still a conventional common agent, the raw ore and middling concentrated wastewater is completely used for grinding and grading and lead dressing, the backwater traditional Chinese medicine agent fully acts with minerals in advance during grinding and concentrating, and mineral separation is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a conventional concentration lead-zinc beneficiation process;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a lead-zinc ore dressing process method for sequentially returning middlings from raw ore concentration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc beneficiation process method of the invention.
In the figure, C represents mass concentration.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The properties of the ore of example 1 are: the raw ore grade of the lead-zinc sulfide ore comprises 3.2 percent of Pb2, 5.8 percent of Zns, 29 percent of S and 125g/t of Ag, and the oxidation rate of the ore is as follows: pb5.52% and Zn4.85%. The mineral processing process flow is shown in figure 1, the raw ore is graded and overflows without concentration, and lead and zinc are selected at conventional concentration; the tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam (middling) of the lead scavenging 1 are sequentially returned to lead roughing and recleaning.
The technical process conditions of the example 1 are as follows: selecting lead: the grinding fineness of-200 meshes (-0.074mm) is 80 percent; the initial concentration of lead dressing roughing is 30 percent; the lead-selecting medicament conditions are as follows: aniline black powder: butyl xanthate: buthanium nigrum ═ 8: 1: 1, 80g/t, zinc sulfate 1000g/t, sodium sulfite 600g/t, lime 1500g/t (pH of ore pulp 9.0); selecting zinc: the initial concentration of the zinc selection roughing is 25 percent, the copper sulfate is 480g/t, the lime is 4000g/t, the butyl xanthate is 250g/t, and the foaming agent (the pine oil) is 30 g/t. The results of the production tests are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: example 1 test index
Example 2
Example 2 the ore properties and mineral composition were the same as in example 1. The mineral processing process flow is shown in figure 2, and the lead and zinc are removed at high concentration after the raw ore is graded, overflowed and concentrated; the tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam (middling) of the lead scavenging 1 are sequentially returned to lead roughing and recleaning.
The technical process conditions of the embodiment 2 are as follows: selecting lead: the grinding fineness of-200 meshes (-0.074mm) is 80 percent; the initial concentration of lead dressing roughing is 50-52%; the lead-selecting medicament conditions are as follows: aniline black powder: butyl xanthate: buthanium nigrum ═ 8: 1: 1, 70g/t, zinc sulfate 800g/t, sodium sulfite 500g/t, lime 1200g/t (pH of ore pulp 9.0); selecting zinc: the initial concentration of the selected zinc roughing is 35 percent, the copper sulfate is 450g/t, the lime is 3500g/t, the butyl xanthate is 220g/t, and the foaming agent (the terpineol oil) is 20 g/t. The results of the production tests are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: example 2 test index
Example 3:
the properties of the ore and the mineral composition in this example 3 are the same as in examples 1 and 2. The beneficiation process flow is shown in figure 3. The technical process conditions of the embodiment 2 are as follows:
carrying out grading overflow concentration on raw ores, and then carrying out high-concentration lead and zinc separation; the tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam (middlings) of the zinc scavenging 1 automatically flow into a raw ore thickener together with the raw ore, and return to the lead roughing and recleaning after mixing and concentrating with the raw ore.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: after ball milling and grading of lead and zinc raw ores, controlling the mass concentration of grading overflow of a cyclone to be 30%, controlling the fineness of 80% with a fineness of-200 meshes (74 microns), concentrating and dehydrating the grading overflow to 50-52% of mass concentration, adding 300-350g/t of zinc sulfate, 100-150g/t of sodium sulfite and 1200g/t of lime for inhibiting zinc minerals and pyrite (pH is 8.5-9.5), adding 40-50g/t of a combined collecting agent (aniline black: butylammonium black: butyl xanthate 8: 1: 1), stirring for 10 minutes, entering a flotation machine for lead roughing through a pipeline, obtaining lead concentrate after 3 times of fine concentration of lead roughing foam, performing 3 times of scavenging on lead roughing tailings, cleaning floating residual lead and silver, returning lead concentrate 3 tailings to lead concentration 2, and lead concentrate 2 tailings to lead concentration 1, and (3) returning lead from the foam scavenging machine to the lead scavenging machine 2, returning the foam from the lead scavenging machine to the lead scavenging machine 1, and returning in sequence. Adding 80-100g/t of zinc sulfate and 40-50g/t of sodium sulfite into 1 part of lead concentration, 2 parts of lead concentration and 3 parts of lead concentration respectively; 10-15g/t of combined collecting agent is added into each of the lead scavenging 1, the lead scavenging 2 and the lead scavenging 3.
The tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam of the lead scavenging 1 automatically flow into a raw ore concentrator together, are mixed and concentrated with the raw ore until the mass concentration of the underflow is 50-52%, the underflow is pumped into a stirring barrel before lead separation by a sand pump, and enters lead and silver rough separation of lead and silver after the action of a lead separation agent, and the concentrated overflow water returns to the ball milling classification and lead separation for use.
The mass concentration of the lead tail is 45-47%, copper sulfate 350-.
The production test indexes are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: example 3 test index
In this example 3, the main grade of the lead concentrate is 60.53%, the lead recovery rate is 93.63%, and the silver recovery rate in lead is 68.43%; the main grade of the zinc concentrate is 51.28 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 93.50 percent; the concentrated wastewater of the raw ore and the middling is completely and directly recycled, the beneficiation wastewater is 100 percent recycled, the lead and zinc energy consumption is saved by 20 to 25 percent, the medicament cost is reduced by 15 to 20 percent, and the beneficiation foam washing water is also saved by 15 to 20 percent.
Table 4: comparison of examples
In the high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc beneficiation process of embodiment 3, lead-zinc raw ores are subjected to ore grinding, classification, concentration and dehydration, lead (silver) beneficiation and zinc beneficiation, and middlings in the lead beneficiation part are returned to a raw ore concentration tank to be concentrated together and then are subjected to lead beneficiation together, so that high-concentration high-efficiency separation of lead, zinc and silver is realized. The beneficiation process method is characterized in that a flotation machine is used for rapidly producing lead and silver which float well into lead concentrate, a thickener is used for enabling lead and silver which are difficult to float in middlings to continuously act with a medicament and enter lead beneficiation coarse and fine concentration together with raw ores, the lead and silver are enabled to fully float upwards into the lead concentrate, zinc and pyrite in the lead middlings are continuously inhibited to enter lead tailings, the lead beneficiation concentration is controlled to be 50-52% all the time, the lead tailing concentration is stabilized to be 45-47%, and high-concentration zinc beneficiation is achieved.
The tailings of the lead concentration 1 automatically flow into raw ores for concentration, and take away a large amount of water, so that the flotation concentration of rough concentration is not influenced by the concentration reduction of rough concentration and concentrated foam supplementing water, the ore quantity in the part is more or less, the stability of the liquid level of rough concentration ore pulp is hardly influenced, the rotating speed of a concentration underflow sand pump is unchanged, and the liquid level of rough concentration is almost unchanged; the fine selection scraping amount is more or less, and the influence on rough selection is extremely small.
The lead scavenging 1 foam automatically flows into raw ore for concentration, takes away a large amount of water, so that the scavenging flotation concentration is not influenced by lead roughing, lead concentration and the concentration reduction of the lead scavenging 1 foam supplemented water, the ore amount in the part is more or less, the stability of the liquid level of the roughing pulp is hardly influenced, the rotating speed of a concentration underflow sand pump is unchanged, and the liquid level of the roughing pulp is hardly changed; the sweeping scraping amount is more or less, and the influence on rough dressing is extremely small.
The lead-zinc-silver beneficiation process method not only greatly improves the concentrate grade and the recovery rate, but also has stable flow, convenient control, low consumption of water and electricity medicaments and full utilization of return water, well solves the problems of long lead-zinc flotation flow, low concentration, insufficient beneficiation index, high consumption of water and electricity medicaments and unstable operation, and has very important significance for improving the lead-zinc-silver recovery rate and the concentrate quality, saving energy, reducing consumption and realizing clean production.
The technology is not only suitable for the beneficiation of lead-zinc polymetallic sulphide ores, but also suitable for the beneficiation of other non-ferrous metal sulphide ores.
Claims (3)
1. A high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method comprises the following steps:
after ball milling and grading of lead and zinc raw ore, the mass concentration of the graded overflow of a swirler is 25-30%, the fineness of minus 200 meshes accounts for 75-80%, the raw ore is concentrated and dehydrated to 50-52% by a raw ore concentrator, a stirring barrel before lead dressing is removed, zinc sulfate 300-, returning in sequence; adding 80-100g/t of zinc sulfate and 40-50g/t of sodium sulfite into 1 part of lead concentration, 2 parts of lead concentration and 3 parts of lead concentration respectively; adding 10-15g/t of combined collecting agent into each of the lead scavenging 1, the lead scavenging 2 and the lead scavenging 3;
adding 400g/t of activated zinc sulfate 350-400g/t, 3000g/t of lime 2500-3000g/t to inhibit pyrite, adding 250g/t of zinc collecting butyl xanthate 180-10 g/t, stirring for 2 times, roughing zinc for 1 time, concentrating zinc for 2 times, scavenging zinc for 3 times to obtain zinc concentrate;
the method is characterized in that:
the tailings of the lead concentration 1 and the foam of the lead scavenging 1 enter a raw ore thickener together to take away a large amount of water, the water is concentrated to 50-52% of the mass concentration of underflow, the underflow is pumped to a stirring barrel before lead separation, and the underflow and the lead-silver are fed into lead roughing and lead-silver separation again after the action of a lead-separating agent.
2. The high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concentrated overflow water returns to the ball milling and grading and lead separation for use.
3. The high-concentration high-efficiency lead-zinc ore dressing process method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the combined collecting agent, the mass ratio of aniline black is as follows: ammonium nitrate black powder: butyl xanthate is 8: 1: 1.
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| CN112547312B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-08-02 | 内蒙古光大矿业有限责任公司 | Flotation method for silver, lead and zinc ores mainly based on sphalerite |
| CN112619902A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-09 | 江西理工大学 | Efficient combined collecting agent for galena and preparation method |
| CN112871462A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-06-01 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | Beneficiation process method for refined quality-based recycling of lead-zinc sulfide ore wastewater |
| CN113441286B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-07-29 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | Process method beneficial to improving recovery rate of lead and silver in lead concentrate |
| CN114515652B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2024-02-23 | 江西省宜丰万国矿业有限公司 | Flotation method for residual slope product type lead zinc sulfide ore |
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| US7105094B1 (en) * | 2005-10-06 | 2006-09-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method for the removal of heavy metals from acidic wastewater and chemical solutions |
| CN101585017B (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-04-03 | 湖南有色金属研究院 | Ore-selecting method of difficultly-selected copper zinc sulphur ore |
| CN101856635B (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2013-06-12 | 青岛黄金铅锌开发有限公司 | Method using mineral dressing backwater to float and to recover gold, silver, lead and zinc in cyanidation tailings of gold mine |
| CN103736584B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-10-28 | 吉林吉恩镍业股份有限公司 | A kind of beneficiation method of high-grade copper-nickel sulphide ore |
| CN103934117B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-09-07 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | The technique of pneumo type flotation post flotation Lead-zinc mine tailings |
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