CN111588554B - Positive and negative pressure ambulance - Google Patents
Positive and negative pressure ambulance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111588554B CN111588554B CN202010707912.8A CN202010707912A CN111588554B CN 111588554 B CN111588554 B CN 111588554B CN 202010707912 A CN202010707912 A CN 202010707912A CN 111588554 B CN111588554 B CN 111588554B
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- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 5
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010029803 Nosocomial infection Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G3/00—Ambulance aspects of vehicles; Vehicles with special provisions for transporting patients or disabled persons, or their personal conveyances, e.g. for facilitating access of, or for loading, wheelchairs
- A61G3/008—Ventilation, sterilisation or air conditioning aspects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00414—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for military, emergency, safety or security vehicles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
- A61G10/005—Isolators, i.e. enclosures generally comprising flexible walls for maintaining a germ-free environment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
- A61L9/18—Radiation
- A61L9/20—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/14—Filtering means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
- B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a positive and negative pressure ambulance, wherein a cabin of the positive and negative pressure ambulance is divided into a cockpit, a decontamination cabin and a medical cabin; the top of the cockpit is provided with a fresh air conditioning system, a positive pressure fan is arranged above the decontamination cabin, a negative pressure fan is arranged at the bottom of the medical cabin, and the positive and negative pressure ambulance further comprises an air inlet system and an exhaust system; the air inlet system comprises an air inlet purifying and disinfecting device, a positive pressure fan and a first electric air valve which are sequentially connected, the air inlet system also comprises a three-way pipeline, an air inlet of the three-way pipeline is connected with the first electric air valve, a first air outlet of the three-way pipeline is directly connected to the fresh air conditioning system, and a second air outlet of the three-way pipeline is connected to the fresh air conditioning system through a manual air valve; the exhaust system comprises an exhaust purification and disinfection device, a negative pressure fan and a second electric air valve which are connected in sequence. The invention can solve the problems that the polluted gas outside the vehicle easily enters the cabin and the polluted gas in the cabin easily leaks outside the vehicle in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a positive and negative pressure ambulance.
Background
With the global spread of new coronary pneumonia, medical protective equipment becomes the focus of industrial attention, and at present, the demand for ambulances is increasing, and particularly the demand for ambulances capable of transporting new coronary pneumonia patients is more urgent.
At present, a common ambulance only has normal vehicle functions, including an air conditioning cooling and heating system, natural air pressure and the like, and people in a cabin can breathe normally, but when the vehicle enters a virus pollution area, polluted gas easily enters the cabin through a door slot of the vehicle and the like, so that the pollution is caused to the people in the cabin. In addition, when virus infected patients are transported in the cabin, the gas exhaled by the virus infected patients can leak outside the vehicle, and the environment outside the vehicle is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a positive and negative pressure ambulance to solve the problems that polluted gas outside a vehicle easily enters a cabin and the polluted gas in the cabin easily leaks outside the vehicle in the prior art.
A positive and negative pressure ambulance, the cabin of the positive and negative pressure ambulance is divided into a cockpit at the head part, a decontamination cabin at the middle part of the carriage and a medical cabin at the tail part of the carriage;
a fresh air conditioning system is arranged at the top of the cockpit, a positive pressure fan is arranged above the decontamination cabin, and a negative pressure fan is arranged at the bottom of the medical cabin;
the positive and negative pressure ambulance also comprises an air inlet system and an exhaust system;
the air inlet system comprises an air inlet purifying and disinfecting device, the positive pressure fan and a first electric air valve which are sequentially connected, the air inlet system also comprises a three-way pipeline, an air inlet of the three-way pipeline is connected with the first electric air valve, a first air outlet of the three-way pipeline is directly connected to the fresh air conditioning system, and a second air outlet of the three-way pipeline is connected to the fresh air conditioning system through a manual air valve;
gas exhausted by the fresh air conditioning system enters the exhaust system;
exhaust system including the exhaust purification degassing unit who connects gradually negative pressure fan, the electronic blast gate of second, the new trend air conditioning system combustion gas passes through in proper order exhaust purification degassing unit negative pressure fan the electronic blast gate of second discharges the car.
According to the positive and negative pressure ambulance provided by the invention, through the matching of the fresh air conditioning system, the negative pressure fan and the positive pressure fan, the positive and negative pressure ambulance can be used as a daily common ambulance, and can realize the regulation of positive and negative pressure in the cabin; when a vehicle transports a virus infection patient, the positive pressure fan can be closed, the negative pressure fan is opened, gas in the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin can be uniformly discharged from the exhaust system, and the discharged gas is purified and disinfected by the exhaust purification and disinfection device in the exhaust system, so that the pollution gas in the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin is prevented from being discharged from other positions of the vehicle; the user can select the corresponding function that needs to open by oneself according to the service environment of difference and protection purpose, and is multiple functional, simple operation. In addition, the fresh air conditioner air outlet is installed at the top of the medical cabin, and the negative pressure fan is installed at the bottom of the medical cabin, so that the ventilation effect with the effect of up-down and down-down is realized, laminar flow is formed in the air of the medical cabin, disordered flow of polluted air in the cabin is avoided, and cross infection of patients and medical staff is reduced.
In addition, the positive and negative pressure ambulance provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, the quantity of negative-pressure air fan is 4, 4 negative-pressure air fan is located respectively four edges in the medical treatment cabin, the quantity of the electronic blast gate of second is 4, every negative-pressure air fan with one the electronic blast gate of second is connected.
Further, the positive-negative pressure ambulance has four ventilation modes, which are respectively:
a negative pressure mode: the positive pressure fan is closed, the negative pressure fan is opened, the first electric air valve and the 4 second electric air valves are opened, the manual air valve is closed, and the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin forms negative pressure by controlling the rotating speed of the negative pressure fan;
positive pressure mode: the positive pressure fan is opened, the negative pressure fan is closed, the first electric air valve is opened, at least one second electric air valve is closed, at least one second electric air valve is opened, the manual air valve is opened, and the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin forms positive pressure by controlling the rotating speed of the positive pressure fan;
an internal circulation mode: the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan are both closed, the first electric air valve and the 4 second electric air valves are both closed, the manual air valve is opened, and air inlet and exhaust of the fresh air conditioning system are in the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin;
the extrinsic cycle mode, positive pressure fan negative pressure fan all closes, first electronic blast gate and 4 the electronic blast gate of second all opens, manual blast gate is closed, and the outside air passes through it gets into to admit air purification degassing unit the washing and disinfecting cabin or in the medical cabin.
Furthermore, the cockpit and the decontamination cabin are completely separated by a first partition, and a first observation glass is mounted on the first partition; the decontamination cabin and the medical cabin are separated by a second partition, and a second glass observation window and an openable partition door are installed on the second partition.
Furthermore, a single-opening door is arranged on the left side of the body of the positive and negative pressure ambulance, a closed oxygen cylinder cabin is arranged inside the single-opening door, and the closed oxygen cylinder cabin is used for placing vehicle-mounted medical oxygen.
Furthermore, inflatable sealing strips are arranged on the periphery of a tail door and the periphery of a side door of the medical cabin, and the sealing performance of the medical cabin is adjustable through the inflatable sealing strips.
Further, be equipped with pressure sensor in the medical cabin, the intelligent control system of positive negative pressure ambulance respectively with pressure sensor negative-pressure air fan and positive pressure positive blower connects, through intelligent control system control negative-pressure air fan and positive pressure positive blower's rotational speed, so that the washing and disinfecting cabin or negative pressure value or positive pressure value in the medical cabin maintain stably.
Further, when the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure value of the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is maintained between-15 pa and-80 pa, and when the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value of the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is maintained between +300pa and +500 pa.
Further, the purification and disinfection device admits air includes first ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp, first photocatalyst board, coarse filter screen, well effect filter screen, high efficiency filter screen, second photocatalyst board, the second ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp that stacks gradually the setting, and the outside air passes through in proper order first photocatalyst board coarse filter screen well effect filter screen high efficiency filter screen second photocatalyst board.
Furthermore, the coarse filter screen, the medium efficiency filter screen and the high efficiency filter screen adopt HEPA filter screens with sequentially increased filter grades.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic left side view of a positive and negative pressure ambulance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a positive and negative pressure ambulance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the decontamination chamber and the medical chamber of the positive and negative pressure ambulance in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the air intake system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the exhaust system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the logical structure of the air intake system, the fresh air conditioning system and the exhaust system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the inflatable weatherstrip.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," and the like are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must be in a particular orientation, constructed or operated in a particular manner, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a positive/negative pressure ambulance according to an embodiment of the present invention is divided into a cockpit 11 at a front portion of the ambulance, a decontamination cabin 12 at a middle portion of the ambulance, and a medical cabin 13 at a rear portion of the ambulance.
An intelligent information system control terminal is arranged in the cockpit 11, and through the terminal, cockpit personnel can receive and send out a duty command, observe the conditions of the rear cabin, know the position of a vehicle, a driving route, the speed of the vehicle, the oil consumption, the oil quantity, the electric quantity, the oxygen allowance and other information and control corresponding vehicle-mounted equipment.
The top of the cockpit 11 is provided with a fresh air conditioning system 200, and the fresh air conditioning system 200 can supply air to the decontamination cabin 12 and the medical cabin 13 through corresponding air conditioning supply ducts respectively. In addition, the maintenance of the fresh air conditioning system 200 can be realized by arranging a special access hole at the top of the cockpit 11.
A positive pressure fan 14 is arranged above the decontamination cabin 12, and the positive pressure fan 14 is used for supplying air to the decontamination cabin 12 and the medical cabin 13 through positive pressure air supply pipelines respectively so as to enable the decontamination cabin 12 and the medical cabin 13 to form a positive pressure state.
The bottom of the medical treatment cabin 13 is provided with a negative pressure fan 15. In this embodiment, the number of the negative pressure fans 15 is 4, and the 4 negative pressure fans 15 are respectively located at four corners in the medical cabin 13.
Referring to fig. 6, the positive/negative pressure ambulance of the present embodiment further includes an air intake system 100 and an exhaust system 300.
The air intake system 100 comprises an air intake purification and disinfection device 110, a positive pressure fan 14 and a first electric air valve 111 which are connected in sequence, during specific implementation, an air intake pipeline can be installed on the roof of the positive and negative pressure ambulance, the air intake pipeline is connected with the air intake purification and disinfection device 110, and outside air enters the cabin of the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 through the air intake pipeline and then enters the positive pressure fan 14 after being purified and disinfected through the air intake purification and disinfection device 110.
The air inlet system 100 further comprises a three-way pipeline 112, an air inlet of the three-way pipeline 112 is connected with the first electric air valve 111, a first air outlet of the three-way pipeline 112 is directly connected to the fresh air conditioning system 200, and a second air outlet of the three-way pipeline 112 is connected to the fresh air conditioning system 200 through a manual air valve 113.
The gas exhausted from the fresh air conditioning system 200 enters the exhaust system 300.
In this embodiment, be equipped with pressure sensor in the medical cabin 13, the intelligent control system of positive negative pressure ambulance respectively with pressure sensor negative pressure fan 15 and positive pressure fan 14 connects, through the intelligent control system control negative pressure fan 15 and positive pressure fan 14's rotational speed, so that the cabin 12 or the negative pressure value or the positive pressure value in the medical cabin 13 maintain steadily.
Specifically, when the medical cabin 13 or the decontamination cabin 12 is in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure value is maintained between-15 pa and-80 pa, and when the medical cabin 13 or the decontamination cabin 12 is in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value is maintained between +300pa and +500 pa.
In this embodiment, the purification and disinfection device 110 admits air includes the first ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp, first photocatalyst board, the coarse filter screen, the well effect filter screen, high efficiency filter screen, second photocatalyst board, the second ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp that stack gradually the setting, and the outside air passes through in proper order first photocatalyst board the coarse filter screen the well effect filter screen high efficiency filter screen the second photocatalyst board gets into positive pressure fan.
Wherein, the coarse filter screen, the middle filter screen and the high-Efficiency filter screen adopt HEPA (high Efficiency Particulate Air filter) filters with sequentially-increased filter grades, for example HEPA filters of H11, H12 and H13 grades.
The during operation that purifies degassing unit 110 admits air, and first ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp and second ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp are opened, and external contaminated air loops through first photocatalyst board, thick effect filter screen, well effect filter screen, high-efficient filter screen, second photocatalyst board and gets into the positive pressure fan after purifying the disinfection, and ultraviolet ray disinfection lamp, photocatalyst can disinfect the filter screen simultaneously, prevent that the virus from remaining on the filter screen, the cross infection that reducible follow-up change filter screen caused.
In addition, the exhaust purification and disinfection device 310 may adopt the same structure as the intake purification and disinfection device 110, which is not described herein, and the fresh air conditioning system 200 is purified and disinfected by the exhaust purification and disinfection device 310, and then enters the negative pressure fan 15, and finally may be discharged out of the vehicle through the 4 second electric air valves 311 and the 4 exhaust pipelines in sequence.
Based on the above, the positive and negative pressure ambulance in this embodiment has four ventilation modes, which are:
a negative pressure mode: the positive pressure fan 14 is closed, the negative pressure fan 15 is opened, the first electric air valve 111 and the 4 second electric air valves 311 are both opened, the manual air valve 113 is closed, and negative pressure is formed in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 by controlling the rotation speed of the negative pressure fan 15, specifically, the intelligent control system of the positive and negative pressure ambulance may also control the opening degree of the first electric air valve 111 (for example, 90% opening amount or 70% opening amount), and the opening degree of the second electric air valve 311 (for example, 55% opening amount of the 4 second electric air valves 311, or, 80% opening amount of the 2 second electric air valves 311, and 20% opening amount of the other 2 second electric air valves 311), to ensure that the negative pressure value in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 is maintained at the set negative pressure value. In the negative pressure mode, under the action of the negative pressure fan 15, the cabin interior gas of the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 can be uniformly discharged from the exhaust system 300, and the discharged gas is purified and disinfected by the exhaust purification and disinfection device 310 in the exhaust system 300, so that the pollution gas in the cabin of the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 is prevented from being discharged from other positions of the automobile;
positive pressure mode: the positive pressure fan 14 is opened, the negative pressure fan 15 is closed, the first electric air valve 111 is opened, at least one the second electric air valve 311 is closed, and at least one the second electric air valve 311 is opened, the manual air valve 113 is opened, and through control the rotational speed of the positive pressure fan 14 makes the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 forms the positive pressure. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the gas can be discharged out of the vehicle by ensuring that at least one second electric air valve 311 is in a certain open state, it is preferable to ensure that 1 second electric air valve 311 is open, for example, 3 second electric air valves 311 are closed out of 4 second electric air valves 311, and the open amount of the other second electric air valve 311 is 10%. Specifically, the intelligent control system of the positive and negative pressure ambulance may further control the opening degree (for example, 90% opening amount or 70% opening amount) of the first electric air valve 111, the closing number (for example, 3 second electric air valves 311 are closed or only 1 second electric air valve 311 is closed) of the second electric air valve 311, and the corresponding closing degree, to ensure that the positive pressure value in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 is maintained at the set positive pressure value; in the positive pressure mode, under the action of the positive pressure fan 14, external air can uniformly enter from the air inlet system 100, and the air entering is purified and disinfected by the air inlet purifying and disinfecting device 110 in the air inlet system 100, so that external pollution air is prevented from entering the cabin of the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 from other positions of the automobile;
an internal circulation mode: the positive pressure fan 14 and the negative pressure fan 15 are both closed, the first electric air valve 111 and the 4 second electric air valves 311 are both closed, the manual air valve 113 is opened, and the air intake and exhaust of the fresh air conditioning system 200 are in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13;
the extrinsic cycle mode, positive pressure fan 14 negative pressure fan 15 all closes, first electronic blast gate 111 and 4 the electronic blast gate 311 of second all opens, manual blast gate 113 closes, and the outside air passes through air intake purification degassing unit 110 gets into decontamination cabin 12 or in the medical cabin 13.
In this embodiment, the cockpit 11 and the decontamination cabin 12 are completely separated by a first partition 121, the first partition 121 is provided with a first observation glass, and the first observation glass is not communicated with each other except that the first partition 121 is provided with the first observation glass to facilitate the front and rear cabin observation and communication.
The decontamination cabin 12 and the medical cabin 13 are separated by a second partition 122, and a second glass observation window and an openable partition door are installed on the second partition 122. When needed, the medical cabin personnel can enter the decontamination cabin 12 through the partition door.
In this embodiment, a single-opening door is disposed on the left side of the body of the positive-negative pressure ambulance, and a closed oxygen cylinder cabin is disposed inside the single-opening door and used for placing the vehicle-mounted medical oxygen. The change of oxygen cylinder is gone on from the car outward, can reduce to cause the pollution sources because of changing the oxygen cylinder and shift the risk.
In this embodiment, inflatable sealing strips 16 are disposed around the tailgate and the side doors of the medical cabin 13, and the sealing performance of the medical cabin 13 is adjustable by the inflatable sealing strips. Specifically, the inflation state of the inflatable sealing strip 16 can be controlled by the inflation control device 17, and the inflatable sealing strip can be manually closed or opened according to the severity of the epidemic situation, so that the tightness of the medical cabin 13 can be adjusted.
In addition, in this embodiment, an air shower device 411, an atomizing and disinfecting device 412, a hand washing basin 413 including an eye washer, a temporary rest seat and a storage cabinet are arranged in the decontamination cabin 12, so that personnel can wash, disinfect, temporarily rest and the like in the cabin, and specifically, the air shower device 411 is installed above the atomizing and disinfecting device 412.
A vehicle-mounted oxygen centralized control device (oxygen bus), an intelligent information system control terminal, a negative pressure device, a disinfection device, a medical cabinet, medical emergency equipment, a vehicle-mounted negative pressure isolation stretcher, a seat, monitoring, illumination and the like are arranged in the medical cabin 13. The positive and negative pressure system, the air conditioner and the illumination can be controlled by controlling the intelligent information system control terminal in the cabin; uploading the data of the electronic medical record and the vital signs of the patient and implementing remote consultation; and (5) vehicle data such as vehicle position, driving route, oxygen residual quantity, electric quantity, vehicle speed and the like are known.
According to the positive and negative pressure ambulance, the fresh air conditioning system 200, the negative pressure fan 15 and the positive pressure fan 14 are matched, so that the positive and negative pressure ambulance can be used as a daily common ambulance, and can also realize the regulation of positive and negative pressures in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13, when a vehicle enters a virus pollution area, the positive pressure fan 14 can be started, the negative pressure fan 15 is closed, external gas can uniformly enter from the air inlet system 100, the entering gas is purified and disinfected through the air inlet purification and disinfection device 110 in the air inlet system 100, and the external pollution gas is prevented from entering the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 from other positions of the vehicle; when a vehicle transports a virus infection patient, the positive pressure fan 14 can be closed, the negative pressure fan 15 is opened, the gas in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 can be uniformly discharged from the exhaust system 300, and the discharged gas is purified and disinfected by the exhaust purification and disinfection device 310 in the exhaust system 300, so that the pollution gas in the decontamination cabin 12 or the medical cabin 13 is prevented from being discharged from other positions of the vehicle; the user can select the corresponding function that needs to open by oneself according to the service environment of difference and protection purpose, and is multiple functional, simple operation. In addition, the fresh air conditioner air outlet is installed at the top of the medical cabin, and the negative pressure fan is installed at the bottom of the medical cabin, so that the ventilation effect with the effect of up-down and down-down is realized, laminar flow is formed in the air of the medical cabin, disordered flow of polluted air in the cabin is avoided, and cross infection of patients and medical staff is reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A positive and negative pressure ambulance, the cabin of the positive and negative pressure ambulance is divided into a cockpit at the head of the car, a decontamination cabin at the middle of the carriage and a medical cabin at the tail of the carriage, which is characterized in that;
a fresh air conditioning system is arranged at the top of the cockpit, a positive pressure fan is arranged above the decontamination cabin, and a negative pressure fan is arranged at the bottom of the medical cabin;
the positive and negative pressure ambulance also comprises an air inlet system and an exhaust system;
the air inlet system comprises an air inlet purifying and disinfecting device, the positive pressure fan and a first electric air valve which are sequentially connected, the air inlet system also comprises a three-way pipeline, an air inlet of the three-way pipeline is connected with the first electric air valve, a first air outlet of the three-way pipeline is directly connected to the fresh air conditioning system, and a second air outlet of the three-way pipeline is connected to the fresh air conditioning system through a manual air valve;
gas exhausted by the fresh air conditioning system enters the exhaust system;
the exhaust system comprises an exhaust purification and disinfection device, the negative pressure fan and a second electric air valve which are connected in sequence, and gas exhausted by the fresh air conditioning system is exhausted out of the vehicle through the exhaust purification and disinfection device, the negative pressure fan and the second electric air valve in sequence;
the number of the negative pressure fans is 4, the 4 negative pressure fans are respectively positioned at four corners in the medical cabin, the number of the second electric air valves is 4, and each negative pressure fan is connected with one second electric air valve;
the positive-negative pressure ambulance has four ventilation modes, which are respectively as follows:
a negative pressure mode: the positive pressure fan is closed, the negative pressure fan is opened, the first electric air valve and the 4 second electric air valves are opened, the manual air valve is closed, and the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin forms negative pressure by controlling the rotating speed of the negative pressure fan;
positive pressure mode: the positive pressure fan is opened, the negative pressure fan is closed, the first electric air valve is opened, at least one second electric air valve is closed, at least one second electric air valve is opened, the manual air valve is opened, and the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin forms positive pressure by controlling the rotating speed of the positive pressure fan;
an internal circulation mode: the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan are both closed, the first electric air valve and the 4 second electric air valves are both closed, the manual air valve is opened, and air inlet and exhaust of the fresh air conditioning system are in the decontamination cabin or the medical cabin;
the extrinsic cycle mode, positive pressure fan negative pressure fan all closes, first electronic blast gate and 4 the electronic blast gate of second all opens, manual blast gate is closed, and the outside air passes through it gets into to admit air purification degassing unit the washing and disinfecting cabin or in the medical cabin.
2. The positive and negative pressure ambulance according to claim 1, wherein said cockpit and said decontamination cabin are completely separated by a first partition, said first partition having a first sight glass mounted thereon; the decontamination cabin and the medical cabin are separated by a second partition, and a second glass observation window and an openable partition door are installed on the second partition.
3. The positive and negative pressure ambulance according to claim 1, wherein a single door is provided on the left side of the body of the positive and negative pressure ambulance, and a closed oxygen cylinder chamber is provided inside the single door, wherein the closed oxygen cylinder chamber is used for placing medical oxygen.
4. The positive and negative pressure ambulance according to claim 1, wherein inflatable sealing strips are provided around the tailgate and the side doors of the medical compartment, and the sealing performance of the medical compartment is adjustable by means of the inflatable sealing strips.
5. The positive-negative pressure ambulance according to claim 4, wherein a pressure sensor is disposed in said medical cabin, an intelligent control system of said positive-negative pressure ambulance is connected to said pressure sensor, said negative pressure blower and said positive pressure blower respectively, and said intelligent control system controls the rotation speed of said negative pressure blower and said positive pressure blower so as to maintain the negative pressure value or positive pressure value in said decontamination cabin or said medical cabin stable.
6. The positive and negative pressure ambulance according to claim 5, wherein when in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure value of the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is maintained between-15 pa and-80 pa, and when in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value of the medical cabin or the decontamination cabin is maintained between +300pa and +500 pa.
7. The positive and negative pressure ambulance as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air intake purifying and sterilizing device comprises a first ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, a first photocatalyst plate, a coarse filter screen, a middle filter screen, a high efficiency filter screen, a second photocatalyst plate, and a second ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, which are stacked in sequence, and the external air passes through said first photocatalyst plate, said coarse filter screen, said middle filter screen, said high efficiency filter screen, and said second photocatalyst plate in sequence.
8. The positive and negative pressure ambulance as claimed in claim 7, wherein said coarse filtration screen, said medium filtration screen, and said high filtration screen are HEPA filtration screens with successively higher filtration grade.
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| CN202010707912.8A CN111588554B (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Positive and negative pressure ambulance |
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| CN202010707912.8A CN111588554B (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Positive and negative pressure ambulance |
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| CN111588554B true CN111588554B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111904602A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-10 | 美埃(中国)环境科技股份有限公司 | Positive/negative pressure cleaning operation vehicle |
| KR102269050B1 (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-25 | 주식회사 트윈 | Ambulance with indoor air pressure regulator |
| CN113081590A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 北京航天新立科技有限公司 | Adjustable positive and negative pressure isolation transfer cabin |
| CN112944910A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-11 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Air-channeling-preventing device between drum pumping partition walls of chain grate |
| CN113545928A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-26 | 石家庄盛健专用汽车有限公司 | Ambulance with self-regulating negative pressure system |
| KR102528432B1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-05-04 | 주식회사 성우모터스 | Ambulance using modular negative pressure equipment |
| CN116421414B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2024-01-19 | 和之力(海南)汽车有限公司 | Intelligent ambulance based on multiple isolation cabins |
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| CN111588554A (en) | 2020-08-28 |
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