CN111585931A - Single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, receiver and transmitter - Google Patents

Single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, receiver and transmitter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111585931A
CN111585931A CN202010219594.0A CN202010219594A CN111585931A CN 111585931 A CN111585931 A CN 111585931A CN 202010219594 A CN202010219594 A CN 202010219594A CN 111585931 A CN111585931 A CN 111585931A
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data
pilot
pilot data
frequency domain
noise power
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CN111585931B (en
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宋哲
赵钦源
王帅
陈菁菁
金万杨
张昊星
方金辉
安建平
卜祥元
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2681—Details of algorithms characterised by constraints
    • H04L27/2688—Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
    • H04L27/2695—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0024—Carrier regulation at the receiver end
    • H04L2027/0026—Correction of carrier offset
    • H04L2027/0038—Correction of carrier offset using an equaliser

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, a receiver and a transmitter, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes; determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data; determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data; and carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters. The single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, the receiver and the transmitter provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately separate noise data from a received signal, improve the accuracy of noise power calculation, ensure that the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method can be applied to an actual communication system, synchronously realize channel estimation when determining the noise power and reduce time delay.

Description

Single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, receiver and transmitter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, a receiver and a transmitter.
Background
Wireless communication systems often operate in environments where electromagnetic wave propagation is very harsh, and one of the fundamental challenges presented by such environments is the need to overcome the effects of multipath propagation. However, with the continuous development of communication technology and the further improvement of communication requirements, in order to meet the requirements of users of communication devices, the data transmission rate needs to be increased, and the problem that the number of scattered symbols is rapidly increased along with the increase of the data transmission rate due to the multipath dispersion effect is brought about. Therefore, under the same propagation environment, the number of multipath dispersed symbols will be further increased, which brings more difficulty for the receiver to perform demodulation processing after receiving the signal.
In order to combat the problems of symbol number increase and frequency selective fading caused by multipath effect, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access method is often adopted, but multicarrier transmission is used, and the Peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of a signal is large, so that power backoff is caused when a transmitter radio frequency is used, and the performance of a communication system is restricted. In order to solve the radio frequency damage caused by power amplifier nonlinearity due to multi-carrier transmission, a single carrier transmission scheme can be adopted. The single carrier MMSE (Minimum Mean square error) frequency domain equalization algorithm has a strong equalization capability, and thus can overcome the delay spread problem caused by the multipath effect with a small complexity and a small processing delay, and is receiving more and more attention.
However, the single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization algorithm has been mostly verified in simulation systems for the past, but is rarely applied in practical communication systems. The reason why the algorithm is difficult to be practically applied is that: when the channel is equalized, an important parameter that the algorithm needs to acquire is the noise power value of a received signal, but at a receiver in an actual transceiving communication system, an effective signal and noise in the received signal are mixed and are difficult to separate, so that the power of the noise is difficult to accurately calculate.
Therefore, how to separate the noise data from the received signal and calculate the power of the noise makes the calculated noise power more accurate, and enables the single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization algorithm to be successfully applied in the actual communication system, which becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, a receiver and a transmitter, which are used for solving the problem that the prior art cannot separate noise data from effective signals.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, including:
receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
and carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
Optionally, the determining an average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data specifically includes:
aligning the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data according to the bit and then adding to obtain noise data;
based on the noise data, an average noise power is determined.
Optionally, the determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data specifically includes:
the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subjected to bit alignment and then subtracted to obtain pilot frequency effective data;
and determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the pilot frequency effective data.
Optionally, the first pilot data and the second pilot data are arranged between a header of the data frame and the valid data.
In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method, including:
determining a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
and sending the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
Optionally, the first pilot data and the second pilot data are arranged between a header of the data frame and the valid data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiver, including:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
a noise power calculation unit for determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculation unit configured to determine a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
and the equalizing unit is used for carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitter, including:
a data frame determining unit, configured to determine a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
a sending unit, configured to send the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method as provided in the first aspect or the second aspect when executing the program.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is configured to, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method as provided in the first aspect or the second aspect.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method, the receiver and the transmitter provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data with opposite complex envelopes are arranged in the data frame, so that the receiver determines the average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, and meanwhile, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are determined based on the difference between the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, and finally the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing is completed, so that the noise data can be accurately separated from the received signal, the accuracy of noise power calculation is improved, the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method can be applied to an actual communication system, and meanwhile, the channel estimation can be synchronously realized when the noise power is determined, and the time delay is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating average noise power according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of the average noise power and the true noise power calculated in the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an execution subject of the method may be a receiver, and the method includes:
step 110, receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises a first pilot data and a second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes.
Specifically, the receiver receives data frames transmitted by the transmitter. In the prior art, a pilot data is usually set in the data frame to estimate the channel characteristic parameters. However, it is difficult for the receiver to accurately separate the noise data from the received signal (i.e., the received data frame) after receiving the data frame including only one pilot data. In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention set the first pilot data and the second pilot data in the data frame, and the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are completely opposite. Here, the first pilot data and the second pilot data are used to determine an average noise power of the received signal and a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
To acquire the first pilot data and the second pilot data, the receiver may extract the first pilot data and the second pilot data from specific positions of the data frame according to a frame format previously agreed with the transmitter. Optionally, the receiver first determines a frame header of the data frame, and then locates and extracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data according to a relative position relationship between the frame header and the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
Step 120 determines an average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
Specifically, a data frame may be superimposed with noise on the desired signal after being radiated by a transmitter, propagated in free space, and amplified by a receiver LNA. Therefore, the first pilot data and the second pilot data extracted from the received data frame by the receiver also contain noise data. To accurately separate the noise data from the effective signal, the receiver performs a summing operation on the first pilot data and the second pilot data. Since the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are completely opposite, the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are exactly and completely cancelled after the first pilot data and the second pilot data are summed, and accurate separation of noise data and effective signals is achieved.
Then, an average noise power is determined based on noise data obtained by summing the first pilot data and the second pilot data, wherein the average noise power is an average noise power carried by all symbols within the data frame. Since the time length of the data frame is much shorter than the coherence time of the channel between the transceiver devices, the channel conditions experienced by the signal remain substantially unchanged during the time length of the data frame, and therefore the average power of the noise calculated based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data can be used to represent the average noise power carried by all symbols within the entire data frame.
Step 130, determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
Specifically, the receiver subtracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data so that the noise data is substantially cancelled and the signal amplitude of the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data is twice the effective signal amplitude in the single pilot data. Then, a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is determined based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, wherein the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is a channel estimation parameter in a frequency domain. Because the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subtracted, the noise influence is weakened, the signal amplitude is enhanced, and finally determined channel frequency domain characteristic parameters have higher precision and accuracy.
It should be noted that the receiver may perform step 120 and step 130 sequentially, or may perform step 120 and step 130 synchronously.
And step 140, performing single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
Specifically, single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization is implemented by substituting the average noise power obtained in step 120 and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter obtained in step 130 into a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization algorithm.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data with opposite complex envelopes are arranged in the data frame, the average noise power is determined based on the sum of the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, meanwhile, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are determined based on the difference between the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, and finally, the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing is completed, so that the noise data can be accurately separated from the received signal, the accuracy of noise power calculation is improved, the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method can be applied to an actual communication system, meanwhile, the channel estimation can be synchronously realized when the noise power is determined, and the time delay is reduced.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for calculating average noise power according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, step 120 specifically includes:
step 121, align the first pilot data and the second pilot data according to bit and add them to obtain the noise data.
Specifically, since the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are opposite, when the first pilot data and the second pilot data are summed, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be aligned and then added in bits to obtain noise data. Wherein the length of the noise data is equal to the length of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and the amplitude of the noise data is twice the amplitude of the noise data superimposed on the first pilot data or the second pilot data.
Based on the noise data, an average noise power is determined, step 122.
Specifically, the noise data and the noise data are subjected to conjugate multiplication and then accumulated to obtain the total power value of all the noises in the length of the two first pilot frequency data. And averaging the total power value according to the total number of the pilot symbols to obtain average noise power. The total number of pilot symbols is the sum of the number of symbols carried by the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are aligned according to the bit and then added, so that the average noise power is determined, the noise data can be accurately separated from the received signal, and the accuracy of noise power calculation is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, step 130 specifically includes:
step 131, aligning the first pilot data and the second pilot data according to bits, and subtracting to obtain the pilot effective data.
Specifically, since the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are opposite, when the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data is obtained, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be aligned and then subtracted by bit to obtain the pilot effective data. The length of the pilot effective data is equal to the length of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and the amplitude of the pilot effective data is twice as large as the amplitude of an effective signal in the first pilot data.
Step 132, determining channel frequency domain characteristic parameters based on the pilot frequency effective data.
Specifically, the FFT is performed on the pilot effective data to obtain a result of the transform of the pilot effective data. And obtaining the ratio of the effective pilot data transformation result to the FFT transformation result of the first pilot data according to bits, and using the ratio as a parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain. And then, performing IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transform) on the parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain to obtain a channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence.
The channel characteristic parameters in the time domain reflect the multipath condition and the noise condition of the channel, wherein the multipath information only appears at the head of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence, and the information of the latter half of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence is noise information. Therefore, in order to remove the influence of noise, the header of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence may be reserved, and the second half of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence may be completely zeroed. And then, performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence with the zero arranged at the rear part to obtain a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subjected to bit alignment and then are subtracted, so that the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are determined, and the precision and accuracy of the calculation of the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be disposed between the header of the data frame and the valid data. When the first pilot data and the second pilot data are obtained, the frame header of the data frame may be first positioned, and then two consecutive data sequences after the frame header are extracted, that is, the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are arranged between the frame header and the effective data of the data frame, so that the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are conveniently extracted, and the extraction efficiency of the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method provided by another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, an execution subject of the method may be a transmitter, and the method includes:
step 410, a data frame is determined, the data frame comprising first pilot data and second pilot data having opposite complex envelopes.
Specifically, the transmitter sets the first pilot data and the second pilot data in the data frame according to a frame format agreed in advance with the receiver when framing. Here, the first pilot data and the second pilot data are used to determine an average noise power of the received signal and a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter. While it should be ensured that the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are opposite. In this embodiment, a suitable sequence may be selected as the first pilot data and the second pilot data according to an actual application scenario, for example, a Zadoff-Chu sequence, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
Step 420, sending the data frame to the receiver, so that the receiver determines an average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
Specifically, the transmitter sends the data frame to the receiver, so that the receiver determines the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters according to the first pilot data and the second pilot data in the data frame, and completes single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing. After receiving the data frame, the receiver extracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data according to a frame format agreed in advance with the transmitter.
Noise is superimposed on the active signal due to the data frame after it has been radiated by the transmitter, propagated in free space, and amplified by the receiver LNA. Therefore, the first pilot data and the second pilot data extracted by the receiver also contain noise data. To accurately separate the noise data from the effective signal, the receiver performs a summing operation on the first pilot data and the second pilot data. Since the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are completely opposite, the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are exactly and completely cancelled after the first pilot data and the second pilot data are summed, and accurate separation of noise data and effective signals is achieved.
The receiver then determines an average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, i.e. the noise data resulting from the summation, wherein the average noise power is the average noise power carried by all symbols within the data frame. Since the time length of the data frame is much shorter than the coherence time of the channel between the transceiver devices, the channel conditions experienced by the signal remain substantially unchanged during the time length of the data frame, and therefore the average power of the noise calculated by the receiver based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data can be used to represent the average noise power carried by all symbols within the entire data frame.
Meanwhile, the receiver subtracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data so that the noise data is substantially cancelled and the signal amplitude of the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data is twice the effective signal amplitude in the single pilot data. Then, a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is determined based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, wherein the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is a channel estimation parameter in a frequency domain. Because the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subtracted, the noise influence is weakened, the signal amplitude is doubled, and finally determined channel frequency domain characteristic parameters have higher precision and accuracy.
And finally, the receiver substitutes the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters into a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization algorithm to realize single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing.
The single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data with opposite complex envelopes are arranged in the data frame, so that a receiver determines the average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, and simultaneously determines the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters based on the difference between the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, finally completes the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing, can accurately separate noise data from a received signal, improves the accuracy of noise power calculation, can be applied to an actual communication system, can synchronously realize channel estimation when determining the noise power, and reduces time delay.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be disposed between the header of the data frame and the valid data. When the first pilot data and the second pilot data are obtained, the frame header of the data frame may be first positioned, and then two consecutive data sequences after the frame header are extracted, that is, the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
According to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are arranged between the frame header and the effective data of the data frame, so that the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are conveniently extracted, and the extraction efficiency of the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method provided by another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:
step 510, a transmitter encapsulates a data frame, and sets first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes between a frame header and effective data of the data frame;
step 520, the transmitter sends the data frame to the receiver;
step 530, the receiver receives the data frame sent by the transmitter;
step 540, the receiver extracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data from the data frame according to the frame format agreed with the transmitter in advance;
step 550, the receiver performs bit alignment on the first pilot data and the second pilot data and then sums the data to obtain noise data, then performs conjugate multiplication on the noise data and then accumulates the noise data, and then calculates an average value of accumulated values according to the total number of pilot symbols to obtain average noise power; the total number of pilot symbols is the sum of the number of symbols carried by the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
step 560, the receiver performs bit alignment on the first pilot data and the second pilot data and then performs subtraction to obtain pilot effective data; carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the pilot frequency effective data to obtain a pilot frequency effective data transform result; obtaining the ratio of the effective pilot data transformation result to the FFT transformation result of the first pilot data according to the bit, and using the ratio as a parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain; then, performing IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transform) on the parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain to obtain a channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence; then, setting all the second half part of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence to zero, and further carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) to obtain channel frequency domain characteristic parameters;
step 570, the receiver substitutes the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters into a single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization algorithm to realize single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing.
In order to prove the effectiveness of the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a typical communication transceiver system simulation is carried out, multipath is added into a signal sent by a transmitter, frequency offset is added, Gaussian white noise is superposed according to different signal-to-noise ratios Eb/N0, a channel environment experienced by an actual wireless broadband communication system is fully simulated, and a receiver calculates the average noise power according to the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In order to verify whether the calculated average noise power is accurate, the ratio of the average noise power to the actual noise power value determined during noise addition simulation is calculated, and the closer the result is to 1, the higher the accuracy of the calculated average noise power in the single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention is. In order to obtain a more accurate statistical result, the average value of the statistical result is obtained through multiple times of simulation under different signal-to-noise ratios.
Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of the average noise power and the true noise power calculated in the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the ratio of the estimated average noise power to the true noise is very close to 1, and there is no performance difference under different signal-to-noise ratios: the noise ratio is 1.0003 at 2dB Eb/N0, 1.0001 at 3dB Eb/N0, the noise ratio is 0.9998 at 4dB for Eb/N0, 0.9999 at 5dB for Eb/N0, the noise ratio is 1 at Eb/N0 of 6dB, 1.0001 at Eb/N0 of 7dB, the noise ratio is 0.9997 at 8dB for Eb/N0, 0.9999 at 9dB for Eb/N0, the noise ratio is 1 when Eb/N0 is 10dB, 0.9998 when Eb/N0 is 11dB, the noise ratio was 1.0004 at 12dB for Eb/N0, 1.0003 at 13dB for Eb/N0, the noise ratio is 1 when Eb/N0 is 14dB, 1 when Eb/N0 is 15dB, the noise ratio is 1 when Eb/N0 is 16dB, and is 1.0004 when Eb/N0 is 17 dB.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization provided by the embodiments of the present invention can well estimate the average noise power in the received signal in the actual broadband wireless communication system.
In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, simulation is performed under different signal-to-noise ratios, maximum multipath delay spread is set to 15 symbols and 60 sampling points, and all demodulation processes are completed by using the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, so as to obtain the error rate of the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention under each signal-to-noise ratio condition. And then substituting the actual noise power determined when the Gaussian white noise is added into the single-carrier MMSE equalization algorithm to complete all demodulation processing, and obtaining the error rate of the single-carrier MMSE equalization algorithm under each signal-to-noise ratio condition under the real environment.
Through comparative analysis, the error rate of the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention is very close to the error rate in a real environment, so that the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention can provide more accurate average noise power, and the whole equalization method is practical and effective.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the receiver includes a receiving unit 710, a noise power calculating unit 720, a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730, and an equalizing unit 740.
The receiving unit 710 is configured to receive a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes.
Specifically, the receiving unit 710 receives a data frame transmitted by a transmitter, where the data frame includes a frame header, first pilot data, second pilot data, and the like, and complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are completely opposite.
Alternatively, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be disposed between a header of the data frame and the valid data.
The noise power calculation unit 720 is configured to determine an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
Specifically, in order to accurately separate the noise data from the effective signal, the noise power calculation unit 720 performs a summing operation on the first pilot data and the second pilot data. Since the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are completely opposite, the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are exactly completely cancelled after summing the first pilot data and the second pilot data, leaving only noise data that is not interfered by the useful signal.
Then, the noise power calculation unit 720 determines an average noise power based on noise data obtained by summing the first pilot data and the second pilot data. Since the time length of the data frame is much shorter than the coherence time of the channel between the transceiver devices, the channel conditions experienced by the signal remain substantially unchanged during the time length of the data frame, and therefore the average power of the noise calculated based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data can be used to represent the average noise power carried by all symbols within the entire data frame.
The specific method for calculating the noise power is the same as the above embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730 is configured to determine a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
Specifically, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculation unit 730 subtracts the first pilot data and the second pilot data so that the noise data is substantially cancelled and the signal amplitude of the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data is stronger with respect to the signal amplitude of the first pilot data. Then, a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is determined based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, wherein the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is a channel estimation parameter in a frequency domain.
The specific method for calculating the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is the same as the above embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The equalizing unit 740 is configured to perform single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
Specifically, the equalizing unit 740 realizes the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing by substituting the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter into the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization algorithm.
The receiver provided by the embodiment of the invention determines the average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data by setting the first pilot data and the second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes in the data frame, determines the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and finally completes the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing, so that the noise data can be accurately separated from the received signal, the accuracy of noise power calculation is improved, the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method can be applied to an actual communication system, and simultaneously, the channel estimation can be synchronously realized when the noise power is determined, and the time delay is reduced.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the noise power calculation unit 720 is specifically configured to:
and aligning the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data according to the bit and then adding to obtain the noise data.
Specifically, when summing the first pilot data and the second pilot data, the noise power calculation unit 720 may align the first pilot data and the second pilot data and add them bit by bit to obtain the noise data. Wherein the length of the noise data is equal to the length of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and the amplitude of the noise data is twice the amplitude of the noise superimposed on the first pilot data or the second pilot data.
Based on the noise data, an average noise power is determined.
Specifically, the noise power calculation unit 720 performs conjugate multiplication on the noise data and itself, and then accumulates the result to obtain a total power value of all the noise within the two first pilot data lengths. And averaging the total power value according to the total number of the pilot symbols to obtain average noise power. The total number of pilot symbols is the sum of the number of symbols carried by the first pilot data and the second pilot data.
According to the receiver provided by the embodiment of the invention, the average noise power is determined by adding the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data after aligning according to the bit, the noise data can be accurately separated from the received signal, and the accuracy of noise power calculation is improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730 is specifically configured to:
and performing bit alignment on the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data, and then subtracting to obtain pilot frequency effective data.
Specifically, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730 may align the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and subtract them by bit to obtain the pilot effective data. The length of the pilot effective data is equal to the length of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and the amplitude of the pilot effective data is twice as large as the amplitude of an effective signal in the first pilot data.
And determining the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters based on the pilot frequency effective data.
Specifically, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730 performs FFT on the pilot effective data to obtain a result of the transform of the pilot effective data. And obtaining the ratio of the effective pilot data transformation result to the FFT transformation result of the first pilot data according to bits, and using the ratio as a parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain. And then, performing IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transform) on the parameter sequence of the channel response on the frequency domain to obtain a channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence.
In order to remove the influence of noise, the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculating unit 730 may reserve the head of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence and set all the rear parts of the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence to zero. And then, performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the channel time domain characteristic parameter sequence with the zero arranged at the rear part to obtain a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
According to the receiver provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subjected to bit alignment and then are subtracted, so that the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are determined, and the calculation precision and accuracy of the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters are improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the transmitter includes a data frame determining unit 810 and a sending unit 820.
The data frame determining unit 810 is configured to determine a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes.
Specifically, the data frame determination unit 810 sets first pilot data and second pilot data in a data frame according to a frame format agreed in advance with a receiver when framing. While it should be ensured that the complex envelopes of the first pilot data and the second pilot data are opposite.
Alternatively, the first pilot data and the second pilot data may be disposed between a header of the data frame and the valid data.
The method for determining the data frame is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.
The sending unit 820 is configured to send the data frame to the receiver, so that the receiver determines an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
Specifically, the sending unit 820 sends the data frame to the receiver, so that the receiver determines the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter according to the first pilot data and the second pilot data in the data frame, and completes the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing. The receiver specifically determines the average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and the method for performing single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter is consistent with the above embodiments, and is not described here again.
The transmitter provided by the embodiment of the invention determines the average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data by setting the first pilot data and the second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes in the data frame, determines the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and finally completes the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing.
Based on any of the above embodiments, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)910, a communication interface (communication interface)920, a memory (memory)930, and a communication bus 940, wherein the processor 910, the communication interface 920, and the memory 930 communicate with each other via the communication bus 940. Processor 910 may invoke logic instructions in memory 930 to perform the following method: receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes; determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data; determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data; and carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
Processor 910 may also invoke logic instructions in memory 930 to perform the following method: determining a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes; and sending the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 930 may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented to perform the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided in the foregoing embodiments when executed by a processor, for example, the method includes: receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes; determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data; determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data; and carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented to perform the single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method provided in the foregoing embodiments when executed by a processor, for example, the method includes: determining a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes; and sending the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
and carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
2. Single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to claim 1, characterised in that said determining an average noise power based on the sum of said first pilot data and said second pilot data specifically comprises:
aligning the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data according to the bit and then adding to obtain noise data;
based on the noise data, an average noise power is determined.
3. Single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to claim 1, characterised in that said determining channel frequency-domain characteristic parameters based on the difference between said first pilot data and said second pilot data specifically comprises:
the first pilot frequency data and the second pilot frequency data are subjected to bit alignment and then subtracted to obtain pilot frequency effective data;
and determining a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the pilot frequency effective data.
4. Single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to any of the claims 1 to 3 characterized in that said first pilot data and second pilot data are arranged between a frame header and valid data of said data frame.
5. A single carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
and sending the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines average noise power based on the sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on the difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
6. Single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to claim 5, characterized in that said first pilot data and second pilot data are arranged between a header and active data of said data frame.
7. A receiver, comprising:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
a noise power calculation unit for determining an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter calculation unit configured to determine a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data;
and the equalizing unit is used for carrying out single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameters.
8. A transmitter, comprising:
a data frame determining unit, configured to determine a data frame, where the data frame includes first pilot data and second pilot data with opposite complex envelopes;
a sending unit, configured to send the data frame to a receiver, so that the receiver determines an average noise power based on a sum of the first pilot data and the second pilot data, determines a channel frequency domain characteristic parameter based on a difference between the first pilot data and the second pilot data, and performs single-carrier MMSE frequency domain equalization processing based on the average noise power and the channel frequency domain characteristic parameter.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor when executing the program implements the steps of the single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to any of claims 1 to 6.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the single-carrier MMSE frequency-domain equalization method according to one of claims 1 to 6.
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