CN111585159A - Device and method for guaranteeing frequency stability of microchip laser - Google Patents
Device and method for guaranteeing frequency stability of microchip laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585159A CN111585159A CN202010486256.3A CN202010486256A CN111585159A CN 111585159 A CN111585159 A CN 111585159A CN 202010486256 A CN202010486256 A CN 202010486256A CN 111585159 A CN111585159 A CN 111585159A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/131—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation
- H01S3/1312—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation by controlling the optical pumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for guaranteeing frequency stability of a microchip laser, wherein the device comprises a continuous pumping source (1), a first collimating lens (4), a beam coupling lens (6) and a microchip (7) which are sequentially arranged along a light path, and further comprises a pulse optical fiber pumping source (2) and a second collimating lens (5), and a polarization beam splitter prism (3) is arranged between the first collimating lens (4) and the beam coupling lens (6); when the pulse optical fiber pump source (2) emits laser, laser beams sequentially pass through the second collimating lens (5), the polarization beam splitter prism (3) and the beam coupling lens and then are converged on the microchip (7). The invention couples a beam of continuous pumping light and a beam of pulse pumping light with adjustable repetition frequency and duty ratio together through a polarization beam splitter prism, and realizes stable and controllable output of the pulse repetition frequency of the microchip laser by using a mode of superposing the continuous pumping light and the pulse pumping light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid laser, and particularly relates to a device and a method for guaranteeing frequency stability of a microchip laser.
Background
The microchip laser has the characteristics of full curing, small volume, simple structure and suitability for batch production, and can obtain laser with linear polarization, adjustable pulse frequency, good beam quality, small divergence angle, stable pulse amplitude and selectable wavelength. The method is widely applied in many fields and has high cost performance.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN110854658A discloses a high repetition frequency 1.5um micro-chip laser with eye safety Q-switched, which includes sequentially arranged semiconductor pumping sources; a coupling system; a first cavity mirror; a gain medium; q-switched crystal; a second cavity mirror; the pump light emitted by the pump source enters the gain medium through the coupling system and the first cavity mirror, the light excited by the gain medium is partially absorbed by the Q-switched crystal, and Q-switched pulse laser oscillation output is formed in a laser cavity formed by the first cavity mirror and the second cavity mirror.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107528202A discloses a microchip laser, which includes: the laser device comprises a pump source, a laser output end, a beam transformation focusing device, a laser medium and a laser medium, wherein the beam transformation focusing device is provided with a collimating lens and a focusing lens which are coaxially arranged; the axial distance between the beam transformation focusing device and the pumping source and the axial distance between the beam transformation focusing device and the laser medium are adjustably arranged between the pumping source and the laser medium, and laser beams output by the laser output end sequentially pass through the collimating lens and the focusing lens to enter the laser medium.
Because the microchip laser works in a passive Q-switching mode, compared with active Q-switching, the frequency stability of the microchip laser is poor due to the fact that no Q-switching power supply is added, the microchip laser cannot meet the application in the aspect of needing accurate time sequence, and the microchip laser becomes an important factor for restricting the development of the microchip laser. The main factors causing poor frequency stability include competition between modes, beat frequency between transverse modes and stability of continuous pumping power; at the same time, the output laser frequency is related to the pump power, and a larger pump power causes the pulse frequency to become more unstable, thereby making it difficult to obtain a stable frequency required for some applications.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect of poor frequency stability of the conventional microchip laser, the invention provides a device for ensuring the frequency stability of the microchip laser.
A device for guaranteeing frequency stability of a microchip laser comprises a continuous pumping source, a first collimating lens, a beam coupling lens and a microchip which are sequentially arranged along a light path, and further comprises a pulse optical fiber pumping source and a second collimating lens, wherein a polarization beam splitting prism is arranged between the first collimating lens and the beam coupling lens; when the pulse optical fiber pumping source emits laser, the laser beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens, the polarization beam splitter prism and the beam coupling lens and then is converged on the microchip.
The device can realize the self-Q-switching controllable pulse output of the microchip laser by superposing the pulse pumping light with controllable frequency on the basis of continuous pumping, thereby ensuring the stability and the adjustability of the frequency of the output laser.
The output power of the continuous optical fiber pumping source is adjustable, and 808nm laser of 100mW to 2W can be output.
The output optical fiber of the continuous optical fiber pump source can be a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, the core diameter of the single-mode optical fiber is 6-10 mu m, and the core diameter of the multi-mode optical fiber is 100-400 mu m.
The output optical fiber of the pulse optical fiber pumping source is a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber, has adjustable output power and is used for outputting 808nm laser of 10mW to 100 mW; the output laser pulse frequency was tuned from 1kHz to 500 kHz.
The polarization beam splitter prism is used for splitting laser with wavelength of 808nm, and has transmittance of more than 95% for P light, transmittance of less than 1% for S light, reflectivity of more than 99% for S light and reflectivity of less than 5% for P light.
The first collimating lens is matched with the beam coupling lens to focus laser output by the continuous optical fiber pumping source on the microchip, and the diameter of a light spot at the focus is 20-80 microns; the second collimating lens is matched with the beam coupling lens to focus the laser output by the pulse optical fiber pumping source on the microchip, and the diameter of a light spot at the focus is equal to that of a light spot of continuous pumping light.
The microchip is composed of a saturable absorber and neodymium ion doped yttrium vanadate crystals, and the two ends of the microchip are coated with films, so that the whole microchip forms a resonant cavity which can absorb pump light with the wavelength of 808nm and emit laser with the wavelength of 1064 nm.
The invention also provides a method for ensuring the frequency stability of the microchip laser by using the device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) slowly increasing the output power of the continuous optical fiber pumping source to enable the number of inversion particles in the microchip medium to be close to the threshold level of laser oscillation;
(2) opening a pulse optical fiber pumping source, setting the repetition frequency of pumping pulses as the required laser output frequency, slowly increasing the output power of the pulse optical fiber pumping source, enabling the number of reversed particles in a resonant cavity to rapidly exceed a threshold value, enabling a medium to absorb fluorescence and jump to an excited state, rapidly reducing the loss of the resonant cavity and rapidly increasing the Q value, rapidly increasing the optical radiation density in the cavity and instantly forming laser oscillation; adjusting the duty ratio of the pumping pulse within the range of 1-50% until stable Q-switched pulse laser output is obtained;
(3) after the laser pulse is output, the continuous optical fiber pumping source pumps the reversed population to a level close to the threshold value again, and the pulse repetition frequency of the pulse optical fiber pumping source is tuned as required to prepare for the next laser pulse.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention ensures the frequency stability of laser output of the microchip laser by a mode of superposing the pulse optical fiber pump source and the continuous optical fiber pump source.
2. The invention realizes the controllable operation of the output pulse frequency and waveform of the microchip laser by controlling the frequency and the pulse width of the pulse fiber pumping source.
3. The device has simple structure and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of an apparatus for ensuring the frequency stability of a microchip laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a modulation signal of a pulsed pump source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a 100kHz laser signal output by a microchip laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a 50kHz laser signal output by a microchip laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention without limiting it in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for ensuring frequency stability of a microchip laser includes a continuous pump source 1, a pulse fiber pump source 2, a polarization beam splitter prism 3, a first collimating lens 4, a second collimating lens 5, a beam coupling lens 6, and a microchip 7.
Laser beams emitted by the continuous pumping source 1 sequentially pass through the first collimating lens 4, the polarization beam splitter prism 3 and the beam coupling lens 6 and then are converged on the microchip 7; the laser beam emitted by the pulse fiber pump source 2 sequentially passes through the second collimating lens 5, the polarization beam splitter prism 3 and the beam coupling lens and then is converged on the microchip 7.
The power of the continuous pumping source 1 is adjustable, 808-nm laser of 100mW to 2W can be output, the output optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, the core diameter of the single-mode optical fiber is 6-10 mu m, and the core diameter of the multi-mode optical fiber is 100-400 mu m.
The output fiber of the pulse fiber pump source 2 is a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber, the pulse frequency is adjustable, the pulse frequency can be changed from 1kHz to 500kHz, and 808nm laser of 10mW to 100mW can be output.
The first collimating lens 4 and the beam coupling lens 6, and the second collimating lens 5 and the beam coupling lens 6 are matched in pairs to converge the two laser beams to the microchip with the spot size of 20-80 μm.
The polarization beam splitter prism 3 can split laser with wavelength of 808nm, and has transmittance of more than 95% for P light, transmittance of less than 1% for S light, reflectance of more than 99% for S light and reflectance of less than 5% for P light.
The microchip 7 is composed of a saturable absorber and neodymium ion doped yttrium vanadate crystals, can absorb pump light with 808nm and emit laser with 1064 nm.
The method for ensuring the frequency stability of the microchip laser comprises the following steps:
1) pumping the medium inversion population in the microchip to a level close to a threshold value by using a continuous optical fiber pumping source, wherein the autofluorescence is weak, the absorption coefficient of the medium is large, the Q value of a resonant cavity is small, and laser oscillation cannot be formed;
2) at the moment, a pulse optical fiber pumping source is superposed to enable the number of reversed particles in the resonant cavity to rapidly exceed a threshold value, the medium absorbed fluorescence jumps to an excited state, the loss of the resonant cavity suddenly drops, the Q value is increased suddenly, the optical radiation density in the cavity suddenly increases, laser oscillation is formed instantly, and laser pulses are output;
3) the number of photons and the inverse population in the cavity then rapidly decrease, and successive pumping re-pumps the inverse population to a level near the threshold in preparation for the next laser pulse.
Examples
In this embodiment, the continuous pumping source 1 is a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber coupled semiconductor laser diode with an output wavelength of 808nm, an output power of 120mW, and a fiber core diameter of 10 μm. The pulse optical fiber pumping source 2 is a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser diode with the output wavelength of 808nm, the output power is 40mW, the diameter of an optical fiber core is 10 mu m, and the pulse repetition frequency is adjustable from 50kHz to 100 kHz.
The size of the polarization beam splitter prism 3 is 8X 8mm, and the polarization beam splitter prism can split laser with wavelength of 808nm, wherein the transmittance of the polarization beam splitter prism for P light is more than 95%, the transmittance of the polarization beam splitter prism for S light is less than 1%, the reflectance of the polarization beam splitter prism for S light is more than 99%, and the reflectance of the polarization beam splitter prism for P light is less than 5%.
The first collimating lens 4 is an aspheric lens, and the focal length of the lens is 7.6 mm; the second collimating lens 5 is an aspheric lens, and the focal length of the lens is 7.6 mm; the beam coupling lens 6 is an aspheric lens with a focal length of 38 mm. The first collimating lens 4 is 7.6mm away from the end face of the optical fiber, the distance from the beam coupling lens 6 is 100mm, the second collimating lens 5 is 7.6mm away from the end face of the optical fiber, and the distance from the beam coupling lens 6 is 100 mm.
The microchip 7 is manufactured by BATOP company of Germany, and comprises saturable absorber and neodymium ion doped yttrium vanadate crystal, can absorb pump light of 808nm and emit laser of 1064nm, and has the size of 3 × 3 × 1 mm. The spot diameter of the pump light on the surface of the microchip crystal is 50 μm.
Through experimental measurement, under the device of the embodiment, the output frequency stability of the microchip is ensured by a mode of superposing a pulse pumping source by continuous pumping, and under the conditions of 120mW of continuous pumping and 30mW and 100kHz of pulse pumping, the output power of the microchip is 10mW, and the frequency is 100 kHz.
As shown in fig. 2, the waveform of the pulse pumping control signal has a frequency of 100kHz and a duty ratio of 50%; in this case, a stable pulsed laser output of 100kHz was obtained, as shown in FIG. 3; the change of the output frequency of the pulse laser is realized by changing the frequency of the pulse waveform control signal, and as shown in fig. 4, stable laser pulse output with the frequency of 50kHz is obtained.
The laser can work in both continuous mode and pulse mode, and the pump light in microchip laser works in continuous mode. The device of the invention couples a beam of continuous pump light and a beam of pulse pump light with adjustable repetition frequency and duty ratio together through a polarization beam splitter prism, and realizes stable and controllable output of the pulse repetition frequency of the microchip laser by using a mode of superposing the continuous pump and the pulse pump. The device and the method for mixing the continuous pumping and the pulse pumping not only reserve the advantages of linear polarization, adjustable pulse frequency, good beam quality, small divergence angle and stable pulse amplitude of a microchip laser as a miniature solid laser with passively Q-switched, sub-nanosecond laser and high peak power, but also overcome the defect of unstable repetition frequency due to the passively Q-switched by a simple device.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions and equivalents made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for guaranteeing frequency stability of a microchip laser comprises a continuous pumping source (1), a first collimating lens (4), a beam coupling lens (6) and a microchip (7) which are sequentially arranged along a light path, and is characterized by further comprising a pulse optical fiber pumping source (2) and a second collimating lens (5), wherein a polarization beam splitter prism (3) is arranged between the first collimating lens (4) and the beam coupling lens (6); when the pulse optical fiber pump source (2) emits laser, laser beams sequentially pass through the second collimating lens (5), the polarization beam splitter prism (3) and the beam coupling lens and then are converged on the microchip (7).
2. The apparatus for guaranteeing frequency stability of microchip laser according to claim 1, wherein the output power of the continuous fiber pump source (1) is adjustable for 808nm laser with output power of 100 mW-2W.
3. The device for ensuring the frequency stability of the microchip laser as claimed in claim 2, wherein the output fiber of the continuous fiber pump source (1) is a single mode fiber or a multimode fiber, the core diameter of the single mode fiber is 6-10 μm, and the core diameter of the multimode fiber is 100-400 μm.
4. The device for guaranteeing frequency stability of microchip laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output power of the pulse fiber pump source (2) is adjustable for outputting 808nm laser of 10mW-100 mW; the output laser pulse frequency is tuned from 1kHz to 500kHz, and the output optical fiber is a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber.
5. The device for ensuring the frequency stability of a microchip laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein said polarization beam splitter prism (3) is used for splitting laser light with wavelength of 808nm, and has transmittance of > 95% for P light, transmittance of < 1% for S light, reflectance of > 99% for S light, and reflectance of < 5% for P light.
6. The device for guaranteeing the frequency stability of the microchip laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first collimating lens (4) and the beam coupling lens (6) cooperate with each other to focus the laser output by the continuous fiber pump source (1) on the microchip (7), and the spot diameter at the focal point is 20 μm to 80 μm;
the second collimating lens (5) is matched with the beam coupling lens (6) to focus the laser output by the pulse optical fiber pumping source (2) on the microchip (7), and the diameter of a light spot at the focal point is equal to that of a light spot of continuous pumping light.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the microchip (7) is composed of a saturable absorber and neodymium ion doped yttrium vanadate crystal, and is used for absorbing pump light at 808nm and emitting laser light at 1064 nm.
8. A method for ensuring the frequency stability of a microchip laser by using the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
(1) slowly increasing the output power of the continuous optical fiber pumping source to enable the number of inversion particles in the microchip medium to be close to the threshold level of laser oscillation;
(2) opening a pulse optical fiber pumping source, setting the repetition frequency of pumping pulses as the required laser output frequency, slowly increasing the output power of the pulse optical fiber pumping source, enabling the number of reversed particles in a resonant cavity to rapidly exceed a threshold value, enabling a medium to absorb fluorescence and jump to an excited state, rapidly reducing the loss of the resonant cavity and rapidly increasing the Q value, rapidly increasing the optical radiation density in the cavity and instantly forming laser oscillation; adjusting the duty ratio of the pumping pulse within the range of 1-50% until stable Q-switched pulse laser output is obtained;
(3) after the laser pulse is output, the continuous optical fiber pumping source pumps the reversed population to a level close to the threshold value again, and the pulse repetition frequency of the pulse optical fiber pumping source is tuned as required to prepare for the next laser pulse.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112186482A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-05 | 华中科技大学 | Solid laser with adjustable laser output state |
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| CN108039642A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-05-15 | 西南技术物理研究所 | A kind of continuous output alkali metal steam laser of dual wavelength |
| CN207896411U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-21 | 长春新产业光电技术有限公司 | A kind of high repetitive frequency pulsed pumping electrooptics Q-switched laser |
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2020
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1696520A2 (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2006-08-30 | JDS Uniphase Corporation | Optical amplifier system |
| CN102954839A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-03-06 | 合肥知常光电科技有限公司 | Time-domain-pump-probe optical delay scanning device and method |
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| CN106684692A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-05-17 | 道中道激光科技有限公司 | Pulse width adjustable laser |
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| CN112186482B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | Solid laser with adjustable laser output state |
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