CN111585011A - Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and antenna system - Google Patents
Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and antenna system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585011A CN111585011A CN202010559872.7A CN202010559872A CN111585011A CN 111585011 A CN111585011 A CN 111585011A CN 202010559872 A CN202010559872 A CN 202010559872A CN 111585011 A CN111585011 A CN 111585011A
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- feed
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- feed source
- satellite antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
Abstract
The invention relates to a Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and an antenna system, wherein the feed source module consists of a first feed source pointing to 90 degrees and a plurality of second feed sources arranged laterally, and the second feed sources are annularly distributed by taking the first feed source as a center; the comprehensive processing unit is connected with the feed source module through a radio frequency switch and consists of a down-conversion amplification module, a feed box and a control source; the control source controls the radio frequency switch to periodically switch the first feed source and the second feed source to be communicated with the comprehensive processing unit. On one hand, the antenna gain is improved; on the other hand, the narrow beam limits interference signals of other spatial angles to enter the receiving terminal, and the signal quality of the terminal is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and an antenna system.
Background
The frequency of the Ku band is protected by international legal regulations, and the frequency band is 12-18 GHz. The power of a single Ku-band satellite transponder is generally higher, a shaped beam is adopted for covering more, the EIRP of the satellite is higher, and the efficiency of a Ku-band receiving antenna is higher than that of a C-band receiving antenna, so that the caliber of the antenna for receiving Ku-band satellite programs is far smaller than that of the C-band receiving antenna, the receiving cost can be effectively reduced, and the individual receiving is facilitated. Currently, ground terminals of Ku band broadcast satellite system generally adopt omnidirectional antennas to receive undifferentiated signals facing a hemispherical space. The omnidirectional antenna directional pattern covers a hemispherical space, and the gain is lower; meanwhile, because the number of Ku frequency band commercial satellites is large, interference signals received by the omnidirectional antenna from various angles are large, so that received data is easily lost, and system failure is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and an antenna system. On one hand, the antenna gain is improved; on the other hand, the narrow beam limits interference signals of other spatial angles to enter the receiving terminal, and the signal quality of the terminal is effectively improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed comprises a first feed which points to 90 degrees and a plurality of laterally arranged second feeds, wherein the second feeds are annularly distributed by taking the first feeds as centers.
Further, the lateral deflection angle of the second feed is 54 ° from the first feed, which is directed at 90 °.
Furthermore, the number of the second feed sources is seven, and the seven second feed sources are uniformly distributed in an annular shape by taking the first feed source as a center.
Furthermore, the first feed source and the second feed source adopt a double-feed point double-layer microstrip patch antenna, wherein the first layer is a radiation unit, and the second layer is a microstrip power divider for providing a double excitation source for an upper-layer radiation unit.
Furthermore, four corners of the first feed source and the second feed source are fixed on the feed source base through M2 screws.
A Ku band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna system, comprising:
the feed source module consists of a first feed source pointing to 90 degrees and a plurality of laterally arranged second feed sources, wherein the second feed sources are annularly distributed by taking the first feed source as a center;
the comprehensive processing unit is connected with the feed source module through a radio frequency switch and consists of a down-conversion amplification module, a feed box and a control source;
and the control source controls the radio frequency switch to periodically switch the first feed source and the second feed source to be communicated with the comprehensive processing unit.
Furthermore, the feed source module, the radio frequency switch and the comprehensive processing unit are fixed on a base through a mounting frame.
Furthermore, the feed source module, the radio frequency switch and the comprehensive processing unit are externally provided with an antenna housing, and the antenna housing is fixedly connected with the base through bolts.
Furthermore, the radio frequency switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch and is used for completing communication between the first feed source or any one of the second feed sources and the comprehensive processing unit.
Further, the output signal of the comprehensive processing unit is connected to a receiving terminal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the optimized design, eight directional antennas are integrated in a compact structure space, and the time-sharing hemispherical space coverage is realized through the switching of the radio frequency switch. On one hand, the antenna gain is improved; on the other hand, the narrow beam limits interference signals of other spatial angles to enter the receiving terminal, and the signal quality of the terminal is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of the antenna system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the antenna system assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a feed module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second feed angle distribution;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an integrated processing unit architecture;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency switch.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
The invention provides a Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna system, which can be seen in figure 1 and mainly comprises an antenna housing 1, a feed source module 2, a radio frequency switch 3 and a comprehensive processing unit 5. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, this embodiment further provides a Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed source, where the Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna system is implemented based on the Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed source.
Referring to fig. 5, the Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed comprises a first feed 23 pointing at 90 ° and a plurality of laterally arranged second feeds 22, wherein the second feeds 22 are annularly distributed by taking the first feed 23 as a center. The lateral deflection angle of the second feed 22 is 54 ° from a 90 ° point, and the structural distribution thereof can be seen with reference to fig. 6. More specifically, the number of the second feeds 22 is seven, and the seven second feeds 22 are uniformly distributed in a ring shape with the first feed 23 as a center.
That is to say, eight feeds are integrated in the scheme totally, the feed mounting frame of the whole structure ensures the relative position precision of the eight feeds, one feed (the first feed 23) points to 90 degrees, and the rest seven feeds (the second feeds 22) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of 54 degrees of vertical deflection.
Through design, an optimal 8-beam scheme is adopted, the top beam is one, the lateral beams are 54 degrees away from the axial beams, and 7 beams are arranged at intervals of 51.43 degrees, so that the design requirement is completely met.
Converting the T value into a noise coefficient N according to a G/T calculation method, and performing combined calculation to obtain:
| noise figure | Temperature of noise | Gain | G/T value |
| 1.5 | 119.6358879 | 0.8 | -19.97861477 |
In general, the Ku band LNB noise figure is 1.5dB, which requires the net antenna gain to be equal to or greater than 0.8dBi in the coverage range. Through the preliminary evaluation of each specialty, the loss of the Ku frequency band antenna housing is 0.5dB, and the insertion loss of the Ku frequency band single-pole eight-throw radio frequency switch is less than 2.5dB, so that the 60-degree beam internal gain is required to be more than 0.5+0.8+2.5=3.8 dBi.
In one aspect, the first feed 23 and the second feed 22 are double-feed point double-layer microstrip patch antennas, where the first layer is a radiation unit, and the second layer is a microstrip power divider providing a double excitation source for an upper layer radiation unit. The four corners of the first feed 23 and the second feed 22 are fixed on the feed base 21 through M2 screws. The design is to ensure miniaturization and good axial ratio index, and the model size of a single feed source is 25mm multiplied by 6 mm.
According to simulation results, the normal gain of the feed source is larger than 8dBi at 12.25GHz and 12.75 GHz; at the edge of a 60-degree wave beam, the lowest gain is 5.3dBi, which is better than 3.8dBi required by the design; within 60 DEG beam coverage, the axial ratio is 2.48dB at most, which is better than 3dB required by design. All the indexes meet the design requirements. The 8 feeds are integrated together, and the normal gain and the 60-degree beam edge gain of each feed are all better than the design value.
After the antenna feed source design is completed, this embodiment further provides a Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna system, as shown in fig. 1, which includes:
the feed source module 2 consists of a first feed source 23 which points at 90 degrees and a plurality of laterally arranged second feed sources 22, and the second feed sources 22 are annularly distributed by taking the first feed source 23 as a center;
the comprehensive processing unit 5 is connected with the feed source module 2 through a radio frequency switch 3 and consists of a down-conversion amplification module, a feed box and a control source; the control source controls the radio frequency switch 3 to periodically switch the first feed 23 and the second feed 22 to be communicated with the comprehensive processing unit 5. The output signal of the integrated processing unit 5 is connected to the receiving terminal, and the hardware structure thereof can be referred to fig. 7.
The Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam antenna mainly comprises an antenna housing 1, a feed source module 2, a radio frequency switch 3 and a comprehensive processing unit 5. The integrated processing unit 5 is composed of an LNB (down-conversion amplifier module), a feed box and a control source. When the device works, the control source sends an instruction to enable the radio frequency switch 3 to switch periodically, so that the aim of switching beam directions is fulfilled; when a certain feed source points to cover satellite beams, satellite radio frequency signals are received, enter an LNB through an SP8T (single-pole eight-throw) radio frequency switch 3 for signal amplification, down-convert, and output to a receiving terminal in a combined way through a feed box.
The radio frequency switch 3 is purchased as a mature product in the market, and the antenna design requires that the radio frequency switch has low insertion loss, compact structure, good adaptability, switching speed reaching the second level (the time-sensitive requirement is not high), and low cost.
The indexes and the structural dimensions of the radio frequency switch 3 are as follows:
the working frequency is as follows: 12.25-12.75 GHz;
switching response time: less than or equal to 1 us;
insertion loss: less than or equal to 2.5 dB;
on-off isolation of the one-way switch: not less than 30 dB;
standing waves at the input port of the assembly: less than or equal to 1.5;
component output port standing wave: less than or equal to 1.5;
operating voltage and current: +5V/300 mA;
operating voltage and current: -5V/-40 mA;
radio frequency input: SSMA-K;
and (3) radio frequency output: SSMA-K;
power and control interface: J30J-9 ZKP;
interface definition:
| pin | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Definition of | +5V power input | GND(+5V) | -5V power input | GND(-5V) | RXD+ | RXD- | TXD+ | TXD- | GND |
The comprehensive processing unit 5 is composed of an LNB (down-conversion amplification channel), a feed box and an RS422 control source. Functionally, amplifying and down-converting a radio frequency signal; distributing input power supply and phase-coherent signals, and combining input and output three signals; and providing control indexes of the radio frequency switch, and carrying out periodic switching, wherein the switching period is adjustable.
Due to the miniaturization design requirements, the LNB itself needs to design the feeder box function in order to reduce the interface between internal modules. Therefore, the three modules are physically combined together, and are called an integrated processing unit uniformly.
As mature products of Ku frequency band LNB are abundant in the market, custom purchase is directly carried out.
The indexes and the structural sizes of the comprehensive processing unit 5 are as follows:
input frequency: 12.25-12.75 GHz;
outputting an intermediate frequency: 2.5-3 GHz;
noise coefficient: less than or equal to 1 dB;
gain: not less than 55 dB;
VSWR：≤2dB；
the 8 channels of the radio frequency switch are switched periodically, and the switching period is configurable.
Size: 85mmx40mmx35 mm;
a radio frequency input interface: SSMA-K;
control signal output interface: J30J-9 ZKP;
intermediate frequency output, feed/coherent input interface: SSMA;
feed voltage: 9-18V;
external reference: minus 3 +/-3 dBm @10 MHz;
power and control interface: J30J-9 ZKP;
interface definition: in line with the SP8T radio frequency switch.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the feed module 2, the rf switch 3 and the integrated processing unit 5 are fixed to a base 4 by a mounting bracket 6. Feed source module 2, radio frequency switch 3 and comprehensive processing unit 5 outside are provided with antenna house 1, and antenna house 1 passes through bolt fixed connection with base 4. The radio frequency switch 3 is a single-pole multi-throw switch for completing the communication between the first feed 23 or any one of the second feeds 22 and the comprehensive processing unit 5, in this embodiment, the radio frequency switch 3 is a single-pole eight-throw switch, and the specific structure thereof can be referred to as fig. 8.
On the other hand, the interior of the antenna is divided according to functions, and module design measures are adopted, so that interchangeability and maintainability are fully considered; design sealing strip, waterproof construction select for use waterproof socket, form overall seal structure after 1 combinations with the antenna house, prevent that rainwater and humid air from getting into the inside antenna performance that influences of antenna, promote the reliability of antenna.
The antenna has two modes of operation, namely an automatic mode and a test mode. In the automatic mode, the equipment automatically switches according to a preset switching period (the initial value is 20 s); in the test mode, a test interface is required to be connected, and a computer is used for setting cycle time or controlling fixed pointing.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed is characterized by comprising a first feed (23) pointing to 90 degrees and a plurality of laterally arranged second feeds (22), wherein the second feeds (22) are annularly distributed by taking the first feeds (23) as centers.
2. The Ku band miniaturized multibeam satellite antenna feed according to claim 1, wherein the lateral deflection angle of the second feed (22) is 54 ° deflection with the first feed (23) directed at 90 °.
3. The Ku band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of the second feeds (22) is seven, and the seven second feeds (22) are uniformly distributed in a ring shape with the first feed (23) as a center.
4. The Ku frequency band miniaturization multibeam satellite antenna feed source of claim 3, wherein the first feed source (23) and the second feed source (22) adopt a double-feed point double-layer microstrip patch antenna, wherein the first layer is a radiating unit, and the second layer is a microstrip power divider for providing a double excitation source for an upper layer radiating unit.
5. The Ku frequency band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein the four corners of the first feed (23) and the second feed (22) are fixed on the feed base (21) by M2 screws.
6. A Ku band miniaturized multi-beam satellite antenna system, comprising:
the feed source module (2) consists of a first feed source (23) which points at 90 degrees and a plurality of laterally arranged second feed sources (22), wherein the second feed sources (22) are annularly distributed by taking the first feed source (23) as a center;
the comprehensive processing unit (5) is connected with the feed source module (2) through a radio frequency switch (3), and consists of a down-conversion amplification module, a feed box and a control source;
the control source controls the radio frequency switch (3) to periodically switch the first feed source (23) and the second feed source (22) to be communicated with the comprehensive processing unit (5).
7. A Ku band miniaturised multibeam satellite antenna system according to claim 6, wherein the feed module (2), the radio frequency switch (3) and the integrated processing unit (5) are fixed on a base (4) by means of a mounting frame (6).
8. The Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna system according to claim 7, wherein an antenna housing (1) is arranged outside the feed source module (2), the radio frequency switch (3) and the comprehensive processing unit (5), and the antenna housing (1) is fixedly connected with the base (4) through bolts.
9. The Ku band miniaturised multibeam satellite antenna system according to claim 8, characterized in that the radio frequency switch (3) is a single pole multiple throw switch for completing the communication of the first feed (23) or any of the second feeds (22) with the integrated processing unit (5).
10. A Ku band miniaturised multibeam satellite antenna system according to claim 9, characterized in that the output signal of the integrated processing unit (5) is connected to a receiving terminal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010559872.7A CN111585011A (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and antenna system |
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| CN202010559872.7A CN111585011A (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Ku frequency band miniaturization multi-beam satellite antenna feed source and antenna system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112563762A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | One-driving-four-time unfolding antenna control method |
| CN113065245A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-02 | 电子科技大学 | Method for measuring and detecting antenna feed source machining error of sputtering plate parabolic reflector |
-
2020
- 2020-06-18 CN CN202010559872.7A patent/CN111585011A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112563762A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | One-driving-four-time unfolding antenna control method |
| CN113065245A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-02 | 电子科技大学 | Method for measuring and detecting antenna feed source machining error of sputtering plate parabolic reflector |
| CN113065245B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-04-29 | 电子科技大学 | Method for measuring and detecting antenna feed source machining error of sputtering plate parabolic reflector |
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