CN1115840C - RAP alternate routing for ISO 10589 - Google Patents
RAP alternate routing for ISO 10589 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1115840C CN1115840C CN98106174A CN98106174A CN1115840C CN 1115840 C CN1115840 C CN 1115840C CN 98106174 A CN98106174 A CN 98106174A CN 98106174 A CN98106174 A CN 98106174A CN 1115840 C CN1115840 C CN 1115840C
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101710104937 Non-specific acid phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
- H04J3/1605—Fixed allocated frame structures
- H04J3/1611—Synchronous digital hierarchy [SDH] or SONET
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
- H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/26—Route discovery packet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
- H04Q3/0029—Provisions for intelligent networking
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
- Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
Abstract
In a synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) based communications network comprising a plurality of intermediate systems (IS), the IS being divided between at least one IS-IS area and at least one non-IS-IS Area, an IS-IS Area being an area with which a routeing protocol forming part of the network layer of the open systems interconnection including routeing, is provided for routeing messages between areas, whereby where a message is routed from an IS-IS area to a destination IS within a non-IS-IS area and the connection to the destination IS is broken, and as a result a message is returned from the non-IS-IS area to the originating IS-IS area, connection to the destination IS is made by a second choice connection.
Description
Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment is to be used for providing the high-bandwidth communication ability and at the latest generation equipment (broadcast video distribution etc.) in other field that requires high quality communication between telephone exchange.The intrinsic meaning of device load-bearing capability traffic carrying capacity is data communication channel (DCC).These channels constitute the data communication network that uses osi protocol.
Each equipment constitutes a routing node in the data communication network of being made up of data channel, and can use in the multiple different route selection method any one.The present invention relates to the interaction of two kinds of possible route selection methods.
Will be in the SDH network simultaneous two kinds of route selection methods be that (can select substitute route) selected in IS-IS (ISO10589) and puppet-static routing when link failure.When this situation occurring, can cause the route loop that makes communication loss.The present invention detects the formation in route loop and therefore changes the behavior of IS-IS node.
The IS-IS routing protocol is that one of agreement is selected in one group of " Link State " dynamic routing.These agreements are distributed routing iinformation automatically along data communication network, allow node to learn required routing iinformation automatically from real network.This provides the ability that reconfigures automatically, allows to break down along the route of network when network link breaks down.
The IS-IS routing protocol has two route layers, layer-1, layer-2.The topological structure that the application that this is two-layer and the general status of this agreement and outside route are supported and system reference Fig. 2 (from ISO 10589)
The present invention also is used for the situation of other data communication, selects agreement and static routing to select under the situation of protocol interaction effect in dynamic routing, or under a kind of situation of different dynamic protocol (for example, agreement etc. is selected in OSPF and static routing).
According to the invention provides a communication network that comprises a plurality of intermediate systems (IS) based on synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), between at least one is-is area and at least one non-is-is area, divide IS, the routing protocol of network layer (layer 3) part of the formation open system interconnection that comprises Route Selection is provided in is-is area, this agreement is used for interregional for the Information Selection route, comprise smart box, thereby when a piece of news is selected to be routed to the purpose IS that is arranged in non-is-is area and when the connection of purpose IS disconnects from is-is area, object information is turned back to the is-is area that starts from non-is-is area, selects to connect the connection that is established to purpose IS by second.
A kind of method of using in the communication network based on synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) that comprises a plurality of intermediate systems (IS) also is provided, between at least one is-is area and at least one non-is-is area, divide IS, wherein turned back to from non-is-is area when starting is-is area when information, select to connect for second that is established to purpose IS.
To further specify the present invention by example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings now.
Fig. 1 is explanation Route Selection figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 has illustrated 10589 layer 1 of ISO and layer 2 IS-IS routing protocol.
Reference:
(1)ISO/IEC?10589：1992(E)
Communication between information technology-system provides not have with information exchange-combination and is connected
The intermediate system that mode network business (ISO 8473) agreement is used is to middle
Routing information exchange in the territory of system.
Term:
-IS-IS layer Route Selection subdomain in zone
ES-end system-these systems transmit NPDU and receive NPDU from other system to other system, but relaying NPDU not.
Outside RAP route is with the RAP route of metric system class outside from the RAP acquisition
Inner RAP route is with the RAP route of metric system class inside from the RAP acquisition
The IS-intermediate system (data will from its selection be routed to another IS or to the node of (ES) of another end system)
The IS of definition routing protocol in the territory of IS among IS-IS-such as the ISO 10589
The NE-network element
NPDU-network layer protocol data cell
The NSAP-Network Service Access Point
The OSI-open system interconnection
But RAP-access address prefix
The RAP route is from the route (no matter RAP is this locality is disposed or dispose at far-end router) of a RAP acquisition
Router, an IS operation IS-IS
Layer 1 intermediate system receives NPDU to other system's transmission or from other system, and NPDU is relayed to other purpose system from other origin system.Their direct routings are to the system that is arranged in their self zones, and when the purpose system is arranged in a different zone, select to be routed to layer 2 intermediate system.
Layer 2 intermediate system except as the system in the subdomain of the IS that comprises layer 2 also as layer 1 intermediate system.Purpose zone or another routing domain are selected to be routed to by system in layer 2 subdomain.For purpose is that the NPDU of the NSAP on the NE in the non-IS-IS subdomain is with reference to the NPDU Route Selection.
With reference to the Route Selection through RAP route (no matter inner still outside) relevant with select route for NPUD, wherein relevant with RAP route address prefix is the prefix of the purpose NSAP of NPDU.
Suppose and know the wherein term of definition of list of references ISO 10589 and reference.It is the expansion of IS-IS and the problem when having solved with non-IS-IS reciprocation that RAP substitutes Route Selection.Although the present invention produces in the IS-IS problem, but it selects in the agreement application is arranged in other dynamic routing, these routing protocols when interacting, can use and distinguish static route entry with other routing protocol (no matter being dynamically, static still pseudo-static).
IS-IS is a kind of dynamic, and based on the routing protocol of Link State, it can be included as network layer (layer 3) part of OSI Reference Model.In order to reach the purpose of this document, IS operation IS-IS will be called as router.
Router can identify oneself with two-layer or Route Selection:
I) layer 1-is used for the Route Selection in the zone
Ii) layer 2-is used for providing the ability of static routing to the NE that does not support IS-IS (subdomain of NE) that enter at extra-regional Route Selection layer 2 router.But these static routing are called as access address prefix (RAP) and they can have the metric system type of Internal (inside) or External (outside).The details of layer 2 router propagation in its layer 2 link-state information with RAP of configuration.Therefore, all layer 2 routers obtain the information of all RAP of the relevant route that disposes layer 2 subdomain and calculate thus.When having carried out Route Selection, it is selected that inner RAP router has precedence over outside RAP router
Because the NE in the non-IS-IS subdomain does not propagate ISO 10589 link-state informations, so router be can not determine the routing state outside the IS-IS subdomain.This means does not have method to monitor whole end-to-end route, and this route ends at or by non-IS-IS subdomain.
This situation has two problems:
I) can not flexiblely provide second route (reserve);
Ii) when disconnecting, some link in the non-IS-IS subdomain might form Route Selection loop (router NPDU can be selected to be routed to non-IS-IS subdomain and non-IS-IS NE can select NPDU route to get back to the IS-IS subdomain)
When RAP used in the following time of situation of mixing Route Selection (promptly being provided to the route of non-IS-IS subdomain), RAP substitutes Route Selection by making that can control second automatically selects static routing to provide elasticity to non-IS-IS equipment.(Internal and External) metric system type that these two kinds of having used RAP to use are different, and require each in the IS-IS subdomain, to be configured.
More than two problem i) and ii) can select outside RAP route to solve when on inner RAP route, receiving NPDU, and initial selecteed outlet is by being an inner RAP route.By this function, inner RAP route can be counted as main RAP route and outside RAP route is counted as time RAP route.If can avoid the Route Selection loop when providing this route can provide elasticity and RAP correctly to be disposed.Below explain in detail.
When on the circuit C relevant, receiving information (NPDU) and selecteed outlet when being an inner RAP route, be another RAP Route Selection routing table (that is the RAP route except that the inside RAP relevant) with circuit C with inner RAP route.If IS-IS parameter maximum path branch road (maximum Path Splits) was changed to 2 o'clock, two inner RAP routes can be different.It is selected that outside RAP route has precedence over inner RAP route.If there is no other RAP route is just selected original RAP route (NPDU that forwards may loopback and overtime in network) on this route.Message is sent on the circuit relevant with selecteed route then.
This mechanism is grouped into the basis with each the Route Selection that substitutes is provided.Therefore it does not propagate in the other parts of network and has used this fact of route that substitutes the state that it does not change RAP.In case non-IS-IS subdomain is repaired (being that it no longer selects NPDU route to turn back to the IS-IS subdomain), RAP substitutes Route Selection (RAP Alternate Routeing) and no longer is activated, and so always is to use best available route.
As an example with reference to figure 1, will be from node 1 to destination node 7 the NPDU selected node 2 that is routed to earlier, again from node 2 to node 3 and from node 3 to node 4 (because node 3 has the inside RAP to non-IS-IS routed domain).
Need the Route Selection of supposition in non-IS-IS territory.Suppose that node 4 will not have to select (because the link between the node 5 and 7 has disconnected) so node 4 is got back in the NPDU routing for NPDU selects to be routed to node 5 nodes 5.Supposing also that node 4 is recognized does not now exist now through the route of node 5 to node 7, just node 3 is got back in the NPDU routing.
Routing mechanism actual in the non-IS-IS territory is unimportant, and the key that activates the alternative Route Selection of RAP is that purpose is that the NPDU in non-IS-IS territory is turned back to the IS-IS territory on a link, and wherein the RAP to non-IS-IS territory is configured.
Original I S-IS agreement will force node 3 to select NPDU route to turn back to non-IS-IS territory by node 4.Route Selection loop and NPDU might occur in this point will overtime in network (because decay life cycle).
Substitute Route Selection (Alternate Routeing) by RAP, node 3 will find it just one should be for minute link of group selection route on NPDU of reception.It will find that this link is to be used for an inner RAP route in non-IS-IS territory and will to activate RAP substituting Route Selection (Alternate Routeing) node 3 and will selecting to be routed to node 2 to NPDU.(promptly externally RAP route on)
Node 2 will receive NPDU and reselect for it and be routed to node 6 on inner RAP route.(being outside RAP route)
Node 6 externally receives NPDU and its selection is routed to node 7 on the RAP route.(being outside RAP route)
Node 7 is destinations of NPDU.Therefore, just avoided above-mentioned Route Selection loop and NPDU to arrive its destination.
Claims (2)
1. comprising a plurality of intermediate systems, be IS, based on synchronous digital hierarchy, be SDH, communication network in, between at least one is-is area and at least one non-is-is area, divide IS, the network layer part of the formation open system interconnection that comprises Route Selection is provided in is-is area, promptly the layer 3, routing protocol, this agreement is used for interregional for the Information Selection route, comprise smart box, thereby when a piece of news is selected to be routed to purpose IS being arranged in non-is-is area and when the connection of purpose IS disconnects from is-is area, object information is turned back to the is-is area that starts from non-is-is area, select to connect the connection that is established to purpose IS by second, wherein this smart box is disposed like this, make when this information from non-is-is area is received by an inner RAP route by is-is area, but wherein should inside access address prefix, be RAP, route sends to this non-is-is area by is-is area, and second selects to connect by an outside RAP route foundation.
2. be used for comprising the method based on the communication network of synchronous digital hierarchy of a plurality of intermediate systems, between at least one is-is area and at least one non-is-is area, divide IS, the routing protocol of the network layer part of the formation open system interconnection that comprises Route Selection is provided in is-is area, this agreement is used for interregional for the Information Selection route, comprise smart box, thereby when a piece of news is selected to be routed to purpose IS being arranged in non-is-is area and when the connection of purpose IS disconnects from is-is area, object information is turned back to the is-is area that starts from non-is-is area, select to connect the connection that is established to purpose IS by second, wherein when this information from non-is-is area is received by inner RAP route by is-is area, wherein should inside RAP route issue this non-is-is area by is-is area, second selects to connect by outside RAP route foundation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9716198.8 | 1997-07-31 | ||
| GBGB9716198.8A GB9716198D0 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | RAP routeing for ISO 10589 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1207624A CN1207624A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| CN1115840C true CN1115840C (en) | 2003-07-23 |
Family
ID=10816768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98106174A Expired - Fee Related CN1115840C (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1998-03-27 | RAP alternate routing for ISO 10589 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6377542B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0895380B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3921628B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1115840C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU747665B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69826586T2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9716198D0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO981155L (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7687057B2 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 2010-03-30 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem | In vitro micro-organs, and uses related thereto |
| GB9913239D0 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 1999-08-04 | Marconi Comm Ltd | Communications arrangement |
| US6757306B1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2004-06-29 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and system for intermediate system level 2 transparency using the SONET LDCC |
| US7426179B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2008-09-16 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for signaling path restoration information in a mesh network |
| CN1235369C (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2006-01-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for realizing route distribution in multi-business optimization of photo synchronous digital transmission network |
| US7707307B2 (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2010-04-27 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for constructing a backup route in a data communications network |
| US7466661B1 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2008-12-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for establishing adjacency for a restarting router during convergence |
| US7428213B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2008-09-23 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining network routing information based on shared risk link group information |
| US7366099B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2008-04-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for synchronizing a data communications network |
| AU2007294858B2 (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2011-05-12 | Medgenics Medical Israel, Ltd | Long lasting drug formulations |
| KR101591887B1 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2016-02-04 | 메드제닉스 메디칼 이스라엘 리미티드 | Long lasting drug formulations |
| US9210046B2 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2015-12-08 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Zone-based network traffic analysis |
| CN103731357B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2018-02-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The determination method and device of network topology structure |
| CN104811332B (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2018-11-02 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | A kind of optimization method, the apparatus and system in the domains DCN of grouping conveying network PTN |
| CN113315698B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-07-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Task-based sensor networking message routing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2784080B2 (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1998-08-06 | 富士通株式会社 | Ring network, fault recovery method therefor, and node used in ring network |
| US5251205A (en) * | 1990-09-04 | 1993-10-05 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Multiple protocol routing |
| US5557745A (en) * | 1990-09-04 | 1996-09-17 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method for supporting foreign protocols across backbone network by combining and transmitting list of destinations that support second protocol in first and second areas to the third area |
| US5440540A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1995-08-08 | Kremer; Wilhelm | Ring interworking between a bidirectional line-switched ring transmission system and another ring transmission system |
| US5262906A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-11-16 | Alcatel Network Systems, Inc. | Message routing for SONET telecommunications maintenance network |
| NL9301428A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1995-03-16 | Nederland Ptt | Routing method for a hierarchical communication network. |
| NL9301544A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-04-03 | Nederland Ptt | Method for selecting connections in networks, and networks in which the method is applied. |
| EP0701353A1 (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1996-03-13 | T.R.T. Telecommunications Radioelectriques Et Telephoniques | Data transmission system with adaptive routing |
| JP2937813B2 (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1999-08-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | Automatic routing method and system |
| US5856974A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1999-01-05 | Novell, Inc. | Internetwork address mapping gateway |
-
1997
- 1997-07-31 GB GBGB9716198.8A patent/GB9716198D0/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-03-12 EP EP98301856A patent/EP0895380B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-12 DE DE69826586T patent/DE69826586T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-13 GB GB9805247A patent/GB2328112B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-16 NO NO981155A patent/NO981155L/en unknown
- 1998-03-18 US US09/040,618 patent/US6377542B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-19 JP JP11263498A patent/JP3921628B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-19 AU AU59391/98A patent/AU747665B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-03-27 CN CN98106174A patent/CN1115840C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1168799A (en) | 1999-03-09 |
| US6377542B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
| GB9805247D0 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
| AU747665B2 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
| GB9716198D0 (en) | 1997-10-08 |
| EP0895380B1 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
| NO981155L (en) | 1999-02-01 |
| CN1207624A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| AU5939198A (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| DE69826586D1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
| GB2328112A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| EP0895380A3 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
| NO981155D0 (en) | 1998-03-16 |
| DE69826586T2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| EP0895380A2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| GB2328112B (en) | 2002-05-29 |
| JP3921628B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
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