CN111583769A - Deep sea environment simulation temperature control system and use method thereof - Google Patents
Deep sea environment simulation temperature control system and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111583769A CN111583769A CN202010224797.9A CN202010224797A CN111583769A CN 111583769 A CN111583769 A CN 111583769A CN 202010224797 A CN202010224797 A CN 202010224797A CN 111583769 A CN111583769 A CN 111583769A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/005—Mounting of control devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2600/00—Control issues
- F25D2600/02—Timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2600/00—Control issues
- F25D2600/06—Controlling according to a predetermined profile
Abstract
The invention provides a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system, which comprises a simulation cabin main body, a cooling guarantee unit, a constant temperature guarantee unit and a data acquisition and processing unit, wherein two ends of the cooling guarantee unit are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the simulation cabin main body; the use method of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system is further provided, and the use method comprises the following steps: s1, injecting water into a cabin; s2, cooling circulation; s3, pressurizing in the cabin; and S4, a constant temperature stage. The invention can realize the rapid cooling in the deep sea environment simulation cabin and the subsequent stable and uniform distribution of the temperature in the whole simulation cabin, creates better simulation conditions for the research of the deep sea environment, and provides basic conditions and realization paths for the leading-edge scientific research related to the large-scale deep sea high-pressure low-temperature environment simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine research engineering equipment, in particular to a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system and a use method thereof.
Background
Deep sea is an important component of world oceans, and because deep sea has extreme environmental characteristics such as high pressure and low temperature, human beings have little knowledge about research on deep sea science, but deep sea has abundant resources such as oil and gas reservoirs, organisms, mineral products and the like. Marching to the deep sea is an important strategy for establishing a powerful ocean country. In the deep sea scientific research process, the temperature is an important influence factor influencing the processes of seabed flowing, biological development, ecosystem formation and evolution, natural gas hydrate formation and decomposition, carbonate precipitation and the like. In recent years, with the deep sea science research, the deep sea environment simulation technology gradually becomes an important means for researching the deep sea science, whether the deep sea temperature environment can be accurately inverted in a simulation system or not is an important link for determining success or failure of the deep sea environment simulation technology, especially, a large-scale simulation system is difficult to ensure uniform deep sea temperature distribution in the simulation system due to large volume, and meanwhile, the large specific surface area and the rapid heat dissipation are difficult to ensure the low-temperature or high-temperature simulation requirements in the simulation system. The conventional deep sea environment simulation technology is that a water bath jacket is arranged inside and outside a high-pressure simulation reaction kettle, but for a large-scale simulation system, the water bath jacket can only provide limited cold source or heat source supply, the requirement of rapid temperature rise or temperature fall for the large-scale deep sea environment simulation temperature control system in a required time range cannot be met, and uniform low-temperature or high-temperature distribution in the large-scale deep sea environment simulation temperature control system cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system and a using method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that a water bath jacket can only provide limited cold source or heat source supply for a large-scale simulation system, the requirement of rapid temperature rise or temperature fall for the large-scale deep sea environment simulation temperature control system in a required time range cannot be met, and uniform low-temperature or high-temperature distribution in the large-scale deep sea environment simulation temperature control system cannot be ensured in the conventional deep sea environment simulation technology in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system, includes simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit, constant temperature guarantee unit and data acquisition processing unit, cooling guarantee unit both ends are connected respectively the water inlet and the delivery port of simulation cabin main part, constant temperature guarantee unit lays on the simulation cabin main part lateral wall, data acquisition processing unit connects respectively simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit with constant temperature guarantee unit, data acquisition processing unit is in simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit with carry out data acquisition and will in the constant temperature guarantee unit data carry out real-time calculation processing and feedback. Therefore, the simulation cabin main body is a deep sea environment simulation main body, has the main functions of storing seawater and simulating a high-pressure seawater environment, and can control and adjust the pressure in the cabin; a cooling guarantee unit is additionally arranged outside the original large-scale simulation cabin main body, the cooling guarantee unit is used for pumping seawater in the simulation cabin main body out and then cooling the seawater, and the seawater is sent back to the simulation cabin main body after cooling, so that the simulation cabin main body is cooled circularly, and the cooling rate can be increased; the temperature reduction guarantee unit rapidly and circularly reduces the temperature of the simulated deep sea environment in the simulated cabin main body, the constant temperature guarantee unit is adopted to maintain the temperature in the simulated cabin main body at a constant temperature after the temperature reduction, so that the simulated cabin main body is maintained at a stable low-temperature environment, in addition, the data acquisition and processing unit can acquire the temperature, pressure and flow data in the simulated cabin main body in real time for calculation processing and real-time feedback, an operator controls and adjusts the pressure in the simulated cabin main body through the control end of the simulated cabin main body according to the calculated data displayed by the data acquisition and processing unit, and controls and adjusts the temperature in the deep sea environment simulated by the simulated cabin main body in time through controlling the temperature reduction guarantee unit and the constant temperature guarantee unit; the temperature reduction guarantee unit and the constant temperature guarantee unit are arranged to realize rapid temperature reduction in the simulation cabin and the stable and uniform distribution of the temperature in the subsequent whole simulation cabin, and create better simulation conditions for researching the deep sea environment.
Furthermore, the cooling guarantee unit comprises a first circulating pump, a first control valve, a second control valve, a filter, a heat exchanger, a seawater refrigerating unit and a seawater cooling tower; the water outlet and the other end of the bottom of the simulation cabin body are connected with a water pumping port of the first circulating pump, a water outlet of the first circulating pump is connected with a hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, a hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the filter, the other end of the filter is connected with a water inlet at the top of the simulation cabin body through the second control valve, a cold fluid outlet and a cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with two ends of the seawater cooling tower, and the seawater cooling tower is connected with the seawater refrigerating unit. In this way, circulating pipelines are arranged in the cooling guarantee unit to connect all devices in the unit, the first circulating pump pumps hot seawater out of the simulation cabin main body, the hot seawater flows into the heat exchanger to carry out heat exchange cooling, the cooled cold seawater flows into the filter to be filtered, and the cold seawater is pumped back into the simulation cabin main body after being filtered; the cold fluid in the heat exchanger is cooled through the seawater refrigerating unit and circulates in the heat exchanger through the seawater cooling tower, so that heat exchange with hot seawater is realized, the hot seawater in the seawater simulation cabin is cooled, the seawater in the simulation cabin can be rapidly and uniformly cooled through the circulation, and when the temperature is reduced to a set value, the circulating pump and the two control valves can be closed.
Further, the constant temperature guarantee unit includes water bath system, heat preservation, second circulating pump, third control valve, fourth control valve and secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit, water bath system encircles the setting and is in the whole outer wall of simulation cabin main part, water bath system's outer wall lays the heat preservation, water bath system's inlet is connected the mouth that draws water of second circulating pump, the outlet connection of second circulating pump the one end of third control valve, the other end of third control valve is connected the one end of secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit, the other end of secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit is connected the one end of fourth control valve, the other end of fourth control valve is connected the inlet of water bath system. Like this, the water bath system is rampart water bath system, be equivalent to at simulation cabin outer wall plus first layer outer protective sheath, the heat preservation is equivalent to second floor protective sheath, two-layer structure wraps up simulation cabin main part in the centre, make its and external temperature exchange slow down, the water bath system can realize the flow of fluid, it is taken out the water of the inside through the circulating pump, later get into secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit and cool down, pump back to the water bath system after the cooling, be equivalent to the water bath system and realize the heat exchange with the outer wall of simulation cabin main part, the heat that produces under each work original paper operating mode state can be taken out by the water bath system in the simulation cabin main part, thereby keep being in stable low temperature environment in whole simulation cabin main part all the time, simulate deep sea environment better.
Further, the data acquisition processing unit includes data collection station, central processing unit, memory, display, the pressure sensor that simulation cabin main part bottom was equipped with, the temperature sensor that the inner wall of simulation cabin main part was equipped with and the cooling guarantee unit with the flowmeter that all is equipped with in the pipeline of constant temperature guarantee unit, data collection station respectively with pressure sensor, temperature sensor with flowmeter communication connection, data collection station with central processing unit connects, central processing unit connects respectively the memory with the display. Therefore, the pressure sensor can monitor the seawater quantity left in the real simulation cabin main body in real time, the temperature sensors are arranged at a plurality of positions on the inner wall of the simulation cabin main body in a surrounding manner, the temperature data of each point can be monitored, whether the stability is achieved or not can be judged, the flow meter can monitor the flow rate of fluid in each circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline can be conveniently controlled; data collector is fed back in real time to the data that pressure sensor, temperature sensor and flowmeter monitored, and data collector transmits central processing unit, and central processing unit handles the back to data, stores and shows, makes things convenient for the operation personnel to observe each item data among the entire system directly perceivedly, adjusts in real time, for example: the required water injection quantity can be determined according to the effective internal volume of the deep sea environment simulation cabin, and then the circulating water quantity, the provided cold quantity and the required thickness of the heat preservation layer are determined according to the sea water quantity, the limited cooling time and the environment temperature condition.
Preferably, the simulation cabin body is a combined body structure of a cylinder and a hemisphere, and the cylinder in the combined body is connected to the sphere of the hemisphere. Thus, a structure similar to a hemisphere is arranged below the simulation cabin main body, the hemispherical spherical surface faces upwards, the tangent plane is arranged below the simulation cabin main body, a large operable bottom area can be provided, and a cylinder with a radius smaller than that of the hemisphere is connected to the hemispherical arc top spherical surface, so that high ocean floor space simulation can be realized; and the structural stress of the whole simulation cabin main body is also uniform and stable.
As another preferable scheme, the simulation cabin main body is of a cylindrical structure. The effect can also be achieved when the simulation cabin main body is of a cylindrical structure.
The application method of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting water into the cabin: injecting seawater into the simulation cabin main body;
s2, cooling: circularly cooling the seawater in the simulation cabin main body by using the cooling guarantee unit;
s3, pressurization in the cabin: when the data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit reaches an expected set value, closing the cooling guarantee unit, and pressurizing the interior of the simulation cabin main body;
s4, a constant temperature stage: and the constant temperature guarantee unit is utilized to control the temperature of the simulation cabin main body, so that the interior of the simulation cabin main body is maintained in a constant temperature and pressure range.
Further, the cooling stage comprises the following steps:
s21, starting the seawater refrigerating unit;
s22, opening the first control valve and the second control valve;
s23, the first circulating pump is started to pump seawater in the simulation cabin main body into the heat exchanger for cooling, and then the seawater flows back into the simulation cabin main body.
Further, the constant temperature stage comprises the following steps:
s41, laying the heat insulation layer on the outer wall of the water bath system;
s42, starting the refrigerating unit of the secondary refrigerant;
s43, opening the second circulating pump, the third control valve and the fourth control valve;
and S44, adjusting the output power of the refrigerating unit of the secondary refrigerant according to the temperature data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit so as to maintain the interior of the simulation cabin main body within a constant temperature and pressure range.
Thus, the use method of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system is roughly as follows: firstly, preparing each system of a large-scale deep sea environment simulation cabin in place through system scheduling operation, secondly, starting a water injection cooling stage of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system, and finally, preserving heat through a constant temperature guarantee unit. In the water injection cooling stage, firstly, the required water injection amount is determined according to the effective volume in the deep sea environment simulation cabin, and then, the circulating water amount, the provided cold quantity and the required thickness of the heat insulation layer are determined according to the sea water amount, the limited cooling time and the environment temperature condition. And then injecting seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin, starting a first circulating pump, a first control valve and a second control valve in a circulating system after the water injection amount reaches a desired value, starting a seawater refrigerating unit (with adjustable sequence) in a seawater cooling system, pumping the seawater in the simulation cabin main body 10 out to cool through the circulating system, and pumping the cooled seawater back to the high-pressure simulation cabin. And when the temperature in the high-pressure simulation cabin is reduced to a set expected set value, closing the circulating pump and the seawater refrigerating unit, ending the cooling operation, continuously injecting water into the high-pressure simulation cabin for pressurization, and starting the heat preservation operation on the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system after the pressure value in the simulation cabin main body 10 is increased to the set expected set value. The secondary refrigerant cooling unit is started to cool the secondary refrigerant, meanwhile, a heat preservation layer with preset thickness is laid on the outer wall of the annular wall water bath system of the high-pressure simulation cabin, the secondary refrigerant continuously takes away heat generated when working element working conditions in the high-pressure simulation cabin are in a preset temperature environment during working through a coil pipe of the annular wall water bath system and a heat exchanger of a pipeline system, and the temperature in the whole simulation cabin is uniformly distributed.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:
1. the arrangement of the cooling guarantee unit and the constant temperature guarantee unit can realize rapid cooling in the simulation cabin and subsequent stable and uniform distribution of temperature in the whole simulation cabin, create better simulation conditions for researching deep sea environment, and provide basic conditions and realization paths for the forward-edge scientific research related to large-scale deep sea high-pressure low-temperature environment simulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system in the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic operation flow chart of the using method of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system in the invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
The embodiment provides a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system. As shown in fig. 1, the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system comprises a simulation cabin main body 10, a cooling guarantee unit 20, a constant temperature guarantee unit 30 and a data acquisition and processing unit 40, wherein two ends of the cooling guarantee unit 20 are respectively connected to a water inlet and a water outlet of the simulation cabin main body 10, the constant temperature guarantee unit 30 is laid on the side wall of the simulation cabin main body 10, and the data acquisition and processing unit 40 is respectively connected with the simulation cabin main body 10, the cooling guarantee unit 20 and the constant temperature guarantee unit 30.
In this embodiment, the cooling guarantee unit 20 includes a first circulation pump 5, a first control valve 6, a second control valve 7, a filter 3, a heat exchanger 4, a seawater refrigerating unit 1, and a seawater cooling tower 2; the water outlet and the other end of the bottom of the simulation cabin main body 10 are connected with the water pumping port of the first circulating pump 5 through one end of the first control valve 6, the water outlet of the first circulating pump 5 is connected with the hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger 4, the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger 4 is connected with one end of the filter 3, the other end of the filter 3 is connected with the water inlet at the top of the simulation cabin main body 10 through the second control valve 7, the cold fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger 4 are respectively connected with the two ends of the seawater cooling tower 2, and the seawater cooling tower 2 is connected with the seawater refrigerating unit 1. Constant temperature guarantee unit 30 includes water bath system 14, heat preservation 13, second circulating pump 15, third control valve 16, fourth control valve 17, second heat exchanger 4 and secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit 12, water bath system 14 encircles the setting and is in the whole outer wall of simulation cabin main part 10, water bath system 14's outer wall is laid heat preservation 13, water bath system 14's inlet is connected the mouth that draws water of second circulating pump 15, the outlet connection of second circulating pump 15 the one end of third control valve 16, the other end of third control valve 16 is connected the one end of secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit 12, the other end of secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit 12 is connected the one end of fourth control valve 17, the other end of fourth control valve 17 is connected the inlet of water bath system 14. Data acquisition processing unit 40 includes data collection station, central processing unit, memory, display the pressure sensor that simulation cabin main part 10 bottom was equipped with temperature sensor 41 that simulation cabin main part 10's inner wall was equipped with and the flowmeter that all is equipped with in the pipeline of cooling guarantee unit 20 with constant temperature guarantee unit 30, data collection station respectively with pressure sensor, temperature sensor 41 with flowmeter communication connection, data collection station with central processing unit connects, central processing unit connects respectively the memory with the display. The simulation cabin main body 10 is a combined body structure of a cylinder and a hemisphere, and the cylinder in the combined body is connected to the hemispherical spherical surface.
In the embodiment, a circulating pipeline is arranged in the cooling guarantee unit 20 to connect all devices in the unit to form a circulating system, the first circulating pump 5 pumps hot seawater out of the simulation cabin main body 10, the hot seawater flows into the heat exchanger 4 to carry out heat exchange cooling, the cooled cold seawater flows into the filter 3 to be filtered, and the cold seawater is pumped back into the simulation cabin main body 10 after being filtered; the cold fluid in the heat exchanger 4 is cooled through the seawater refrigerating unit 1 and circulates in the heat exchanger 4 through the seawater cooling tower 2, so that heat exchange with hot seawater is realized, the hot seawater in the seawater simulation cabin is cooled, the seawater in the simulation cabin can be rapidly and uniformly cooled through the circulation, and when the temperature is reduced to a set expected value, the circulating pump and the two control valves can be closed.
Wherein, water bath system 14 is the rampart water bath system, be equivalent to at the simulation cabin outer wall plus first layer outer protective sheath, heat preservation 13 is equivalent to second floor protective sheath, two-layer structure wraps up simulation cabin main part 10 in the centre, make its and external temperature exchange slow down, water bath system 14 can realize the flow of fluid, it takes out the water of the inside through the circulating pump, later get into secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit 12 and cool down, pump back to water bath system 14 after the cooling, be equivalent to water bath system 14 and the outer wall realization heat exchange of simulation cabin main part 10, the heat that produces under each work original paper operating mode state can be taken out by water bath system 14 in simulation cabin main part 10, thereby keep being in stable low temperature environment in whole simulation cabin main part 10 all the time, simulate deep sea environment better. The pressure sensors can monitor the seawater quantity left in the real simulation cabin main body 10 in real time, the temperature sensors 41 are arranged at a plurality of positions on the inner wall of the simulation cabin main body 10 in a surrounding manner, the temperature data of each point can be monitored, whether the stability is achieved or not can be judged, the flow meter can monitor the flow rate of fluid in each circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline can be conveniently controlled; data real-time feedback that pressure sensor, temperature sensor 41 and flowmeter monitored to data collection station, data collection station transmits central processing unit, and central processing unit handles the back to data, stores and shows, makes things convenient for the operation personnel to observe each item data among the entire system directly perceivedly, adjusts in real time, for example: the required water injection quantity can be determined according to the effective internal volume of the deep sea environment simulation cabin, and then the circulating water quantity, the provided cold quantity and the required thickness of the heat preservation layer 13 are determined according to the sea water quantity, the limited cooling time and the environment temperature condition.
The lower part of the simulation cabin main body 10 is provided with a structure similar to a hemisphere, the hemispherical spherical surface faces upwards, the tangent plane is arranged below, a larger operable bottom area can be provided, and a column with a smaller radius is connected to the hemispherical arc top spherical surface, so that higher pressure can be generated when less seawater is supplied; and the structural stress of the whole simulation cabin main body 10 is uniform and stable.
The simulation cabin main body 10 is a main body for simulating a deep sea environment, and has the main functions of storing seawater and simulating a high-pressure seawater environment, and working elements are arranged in the cabin and can control and regulate the pressure in the cabin; a cooling guarantee unit 20 is additionally arranged outside the original large-scale simulation cabin main body 10, the cooling guarantee unit 20 pumps seawater in the simulation cabin main body 10 out for cooling, and the seawater is sent back to the simulation cabin main body 10 after being cooled, so that the simulation cabin main body 10 is cooled circularly, and the cooling rate can be increased; the temperature reduction guarantee unit 20 rapidly and circularly reduces the temperature of the simulated deep sea environment in the simulated cabin main body 10, and after the temperature reduction, the constant temperature guarantee unit 30 is adopted to maintain the temperature in the simulated cabin main body 10 at a constant temperature so as to maintain the temperature in a stable low-temperature environment, and in addition, the data acquisition and processing unit 40 can acquire the temperature, pressure and flow data in the simulated cabin main body 10 in real time to process and feed back, so that the real-time regulation and control of the simulated deep sea environment of the simulated cabin main body 10 are realized; the cooling guarantee unit 20 and the constant temperature guarantee unit 30 are matched with the data acquisition and processing unit 40, so that rapid cooling in the simulation cabin and subsequent stable and uniform temperature distribution in the whole simulation cabin can be realized, better simulation conditions are created for researching deep sea environment, and basic conditions and realization paths are provided for leading-edge scientific research related to large-scale deep sea high-pressure low-temperature environment simulation.
Example 2
The embodiment is a method for using the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system in embodiment 1, and mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting water into the cabin: injecting seawater into the simulation cabin main body 10;
s2, a cooling stage, which specifically comprises the following small steps:
s21, starting the seawater refrigerating unit 1;
s22, opening the first control valve 6 and the second control valve 7;
s23, opening the first circulating pump 5 to pump the seawater in the simulation cabin main body 1 into the heat exchanger 4 for cooling, and then flowing back to the simulation cabin main body 1 to realize cooling of the seawater in the simulation cabin main body 1 in a cooling stage;
s3, pressurization in the cabin: when the data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit 40 reaches the expected set value, closing the cooling guarantee unit 20, and pressurizing the interior of the simulation cabin main body 1;
s4, a constant temperature stage, which specifically comprises the following small steps:
s41, laying the heat-insulating layer 13 on the outer wall of the water bath system 14;
s42, starting the refrigerating unit 12 of the secondary refrigerant;
s43, opening the second circulating pump 15, the third control valve 16 and the fourth control valve 17;
and S43, adjusting the output power of the refrigerating unit 12 of the secondary refrigerant according to the temperature data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit 40, and controlling the temperature of the simulation cabin main body 10 to keep the interior of the simulation cabin main body 10 in a constant temperature and pressure range.
The use method of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system is roughly as follows: firstly, the systems of the large-scale deep sea environment simulation cabin are prepared to be in place through system scheduling operation, secondly, a water injection cooling stage of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system is started, and finally, heat preservation is carried out through the constant temperature guarantee unit 30. In the water injection cooling stage, firstly, the required water injection amount is determined according to the effective volume in the deep sea environment simulation cabin, and then, the circulating water amount, the provided cold quantity and the required thickness of the heat insulation layer are determined according to the sea water amount, the limited cooling time and the environment temperature condition. And then injecting seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin, starting a first circulating pump 5, a first control valve 6 and a second control valve 7 in a circulating system after the water injection amount reaches a desired value, starting a seawater refrigerating unit 1 in a seawater cooling system (the sequence is adjustable), pumping the seawater in the simulation cabin main body 10 out to cool through the circulating system, and pumping the cooled seawater back into the simulation cabin main body 10. When the temperature in the simulation cabin main body 10 is reduced to a set expected set value, the first circulating pump 5 and the seawater refrigerating unit 1 are closed, the cooling operation is finished, meanwhile, water injection pressurization is continuously carried out on the simulation cabin main body 10, and when the pressure value in the simulation cabin main body 10 is increased to the set expected set value, the heat preservation operation is carried out on the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system. The refrigerating medium cooling unit 12 is started to cool the refrigerating medium, meanwhile, a heat preservation layer 13 with a preset thickness is laid on the outer wall of the annular wall water bath system 14 of the simulation cabin main body 10, the refrigerating medium continuously takes away heat generated when working elements in the simulation cabin main body 10 are in working conditions through a coil of the annular wall water bath system 14 and a heat exchanger of a pipeline system, the simulation cabin main body 10 is always in a preset temperature environment during working, and the temperature in the whole simulation cabin main body 10 is uniformly distributed.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inside of the nacelle body 10 is assumed to be 135m in total3The temperature of the seawater is reduced from 25 ℃ of the ambient temperature to 3 ℃ of the set deep sea temperature, and the total heat exchange value is
QGeneral assembly＝135×1027.2×22×4.096＝12165120KJ
Because the less use of initial cooling operating mode, consequently from economic perspective, accomplish the cooling process in 48 hours, and according to 0.5 ℃ (set up two sets of units and can guarantee that special situation 1 ℃ per hour cools down) per hour cooling according to the hourly cooling, the circulation flow is 135t/h and calculates:
Q'＝4.096×135×103÷3600×0.5＝76.8kW
the cooling capacity of 76.8kW is required to be provided for 135t of seawater every hour.
Meanwhile, the temperature reduction of the structure of the simulation cabin main body 10 needs to be considered, the total mass is 500t, and the specific heat capacity is 460J/kg.K
Q0＝0.46×500×103÷3600×0.5＝32kW
The temperature in the pressure chamber is considered according to 3 ℃, the room temperature in the test chamber is considered according to 25 ℃, the refractory heat-insulating material rock wool is adopted as the heat-insulating material outside the simulation chamber main body 10, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 100mm, the heat conduction coefficient lambda of the material is not more than 0.05W/(m.K), and the surface area A of the pressure chamber is about 170m2. The amount of heat transferred into the pressure chamber per unit time, Q1, can be calculated by the fourier equation:
Q1＝AK1Δt1＝1.9kW
meanwhile, considering the heat radiation heat transfer, the value thereof was estimated to be about 0.3 times the heat conduction value, which is 1.2 kW. Considering also the heat consumption of the lock chamber, observation system, axial flow pump, outer wall heat transfer, the demand for lighting inside the simulated cabin body 10, etc. of the deep sea simulated environment, a total of about 18kW is estimated to be converted into heat in the pressure cabin.
The total heat input into the bulkhead, electronics and system piping is 20 kW.
The total required cooling capacity is therefore approximately 148.8kW, which, taking into account the safety factor, yields the following total power:
Q＝148.8×1.4≈208kw
because the circulating cooling process is normal pressure, the standard value of the flow rate of the reference seawater pipeline and GB/T17395 is phi/89 mm multiplied by 7mm, and the inner diameter of the pipeline is 75 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, when the temperature in the simulation cabin main body 10 is reduced to 3 ℃, the first circulation pump 5 and the seawater refrigerating unit 1 are turned off, the cooling operation is ended, meanwhile, water injection and pressurization are continuously performed on the simulation cabin main body 10, and when the pressure value in the simulation cabin main body 10 is increased to a set value of 20MPa, the heat preservation operation is started on the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system. The refrigerating medium cooling unit 12 is started to cool the refrigerating medium, meanwhile, a heat preservation layer 12 with a preset thickness is laid on the outer wall of the annular wall water bath system 14 of the simulation cabin main body 10, the refrigerating medium continuously takes away heat generated when working elements in the simulation cabin main body 10 are in working conditions through a coil of the annular wall water bath system 14 and a heat exchanger of a pipeline system, the simulation cabin main body 10 is always in a preset temperature environment during working, and the temperature in the whole simulation cabin main body 10 is uniformly distributed.
According to external design input, heat sources for heat generation in the temperature maintaining stage mainly have external heat transfer and internal illumination, and are considered according to the above according to 20 kW; the total heat input, which is taken into account by the decompression/booster pump and by the unpredictable other heat inputs of the ventilation lines, the simulation cabin body 10, etc., amounts to 10kW, and the total heat amount amounts to 30 kW.
The coil pipe provided with the circular wall water bath system is a calculation model of a pipe wall heat exchange pipe, and the heat resistance is formed from the outer side to the inner side of the pipe wall heat exchange pipe:
Also, there is thermal resistance from inside to outside to the heat exchange tube:
From the inside to the outside, a heat transfer of 16kW is required in the heat transfer tubes, assuming half of the heat transfer through the heat transfer tubes, i.e. QrAnd 8kW, and the other half is subjected to heat exchange by a heat exchanger. The average temperature of the secondary refrigerant glycol solution in the heat exchange tube can be obtained, the outlet temperature of the secondary refrigerant glycol solution is made to be 2 ℃, and the inlet temperature of the secondary refrigerant glycol solution is calculated to be-4 ℃. Q determined from the abovelThe total heat exchange power of the obtained heat exchange tubes is Q & lt 12kW, and then the total flow of secondary refrigerants such as glycol solution and the like can be determined.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a deep sea environment simulation temperature control system, its characterized in that, includes simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit, constant temperature guarantee unit and data acquisition processing unit, cooling guarantee unit both ends are connected respectively the water inlet and the delivery port of simulation cabin main part, the constant temperature guarantee unit lays on the simulation cabin main part lateral wall, the data acquisition processing unit is connected respectively simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit with the constant temperature guarantee unit, the data acquisition processing unit is in simulation cabin main part, cooling guarantee unit with carry out data acquisition and incite somebody to action in the constant temperature guarantee unit data carry out real-time computation processing and feedback.
2. The deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature reduction support unit comprises a first circulation pump, a first control valve, a second control valve, a filter, a heat exchanger, a seawater refrigerating unit and a seawater cooling tower; the water outlet and the other end of the bottom of the simulation cabin body are connected with a water pumping port of the first circulating pump, a water outlet of the first circulating pump is connected with a hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, a hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the filter, the other end of the filter is connected with a water inlet at the top of the simulation cabin body through the second control valve, a cold fluid outlet and a cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with two ends of the seawater cooling tower, and the seawater cooling tower is connected with the seawater refrigerating unit.
3. The deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature guarantee unit comprises a water bath system, an insulating layer, a second circulating pump, a third control valve, a fourth control valve and a secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit, the water bath system is arranged around the whole outer wall of the simulation cabin body, the insulating layer is laid on the outer wall of the water bath system, a liquid inlet of the water bath system is connected with a water pumping port of the second circulating pump, a water draining port of the second circulating pump is connected with one end of the third control valve, the other end of the third control valve is connected with one end of the secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit, the other end of the secondary refrigerant refrigerating unit is connected with one end of the fourth control valve, and the other end of the fourth control valve is connected with a liquid inlet of the water bath system.
4. The deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 3, wherein the data acquisition and processing unit comprises a data acquisition unit, a central processing unit, a memory, a display, a pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the simulation cabin body for measuring water pressure, a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the simulation cabin body, and flow meters arranged in the pipelines of the cooling guarantee unit and the constant temperature guarantee unit, the data acquisition unit is in communication connection with the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the flow meters respectively, the data acquisition unit is connected with the central processing unit, and the central processing unit is connected with the memory and the display respectively.
5. The deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation cabin body is a combined structure of a cylinder and a hemisphere, and the cylinder in the combined structure is connected to the sphere of the hemisphere.
6. The deep sea environment simulation temperature control system of claim 1, wherein the simulation pod body is a cylindrical structure.
7. Use of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting water into the cabin: injecting seawater into the simulation cabin main body;
s2, cooling: circularly cooling the seawater in the simulation cabin main body by using the cooling guarantee unit;
s3, pressurization in the cabin: when the data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit reaches an expected set value, closing the cooling guarantee unit, and pressurizing the interior of the simulation cabin main body;
s4, a constant temperature stage: and the constant temperature guarantee unit is utilized to control the temperature of the simulation cabin main body, so that the interior of the simulation cabin main body is maintained in a constant temperature and pressure range.
8. The method of using the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 7, characterized in that the cooling phase comprises the following steps:
s21, starting the seawater refrigerating unit;
s22, opening the first control valve and the second control valve;
s23, the first circulating pump is started to pump seawater in the simulation cabin main body into the heat exchanger for cooling, and then the seawater flows back into the simulation cabin main body.
9. The method of use of the deep sea environment simulation temperature control system according to claim 8, characterized in that said thermostating phase comprises the following steps:
s41, laying the heat insulation layer on the outer wall of the water bath system;
s42, starting the refrigerating unit of the secondary refrigerant;
s43, opening the second circulating pump, the third control valve and the fourth control valve;
and S44, adjusting the output power of the refrigerating unit of the secondary refrigerant according to the temperature data fed back by the data acquisition and processing unit so as to maintain the interior of the simulation cabin main body within a constant temperature and pressure range.
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