CN111582747B - Black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE - Google Patents
Black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE, which combines the calculation results of an analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method with the calculation of initial combination weight of evaluation indexes, and considers both subjectivity and objectivity of evaluation. By applying a punishment type function variable weight analysis method, the initial combination weight and the measured data are combined to prevent the indexes with small numerical values and low weight from being neutralized by the indexes with large numerical values and high weight to a certain extent, and the reasonability and fairness of the evaluation result are ensured. And evaluating different black start schemes by combining the weight of the indexes after the weight change with a PROMETHEE method to obtain the quality sequence of the black start schemes. The method has clear thought, is simple and feasible, and is easy to understand and accept by decision makers. By the method, more reliable quality sequencing of the black start scheme can be obtained, and guarantee is provided for complete operation of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation of black start schemes, and particularly relates to a black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE.
Background
After the power grid has a major power failure, a black start scheme needs to be adopted for recovery, and a reasonable and effective black start scheme is an effective measure for timely recovery after the power grid has the major power failure, so that the corresponding unit can be quickly and stably started, and the subsequent recovery of black start is facilitated. Especially under the background of the increasingly large scale, the increasingly firm structure and the increasingly complex network topology of the modern power system, technicians can put forward a plurality of black start schemes with feasibility, but the schemes can have great difference on the comprehensive action of the system recovery process. Therefore, the evaluation and sequencing of the black start scheme is a work with practical value and great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE, which considers the subjective and objective combination of black start scheme evaluation, provides a penalty function to adjust the weight of black start scheme evaluation indexes, and provides a new scientific thought for black start scheme evaluation from the viewpoint of evaluation reasonableness and fairness.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the black start scheme evaluation method based on the combination of penalty variable and PROMETHEE comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a black start scheme to be evaluated and an evaluation index of the black start scheme, and constructing the black start scheme to be evaluated and the evaluation index into an evaluation matrix X; carrying out dimensionless processing and normalization processing on the evaluation index;
in the formula: m is the number of black start schemes; n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; x' ij The j evaluation index value under the ith black start scheme is represented;
step 2, respectively calculating the subjective weight and the objective weight of each evaluation index according to the evaluation matrix X constructed in the step 1;
step 3, combining the subjective weight and the objective weight of each evaluation index obtained in the step 2 to obtain an initial combination weight of the evaluation index, and performing penalty function weight changing processing on the initial combination weight to obtain a weight value w 'after the weight changing processing' ij ；
Step 4, calculating the weight value w 'obtained according to the step 3 after weight changing processing' ij And calculating to obtain a net flow value of each black start scheme to be evaluated, and sequencing all the black start schemes to be evaluated by utilizing a PROMETHEE method and the net flow values of all the schemes.
Further, in the step 1, the evaluation indexes are divided into benefit indexes and cost indexes, and the cost indexes are normalized by using an equation (2); the benefit type index is normalized by the formula (3);
wherein x is ij Is normalized x' ij 。
Further, in the step 2, an analytic hierarchy process is adopted to judge the importance degree of the evaluation index of the black start scheme, and the subjective weight of the evaluation index is calculated; comparing every two criteria of the same layer by adopting a nine-minute judgment scale table to construct a judgment matrix A; and calculating the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix A and the corresponding characteristic vector thereof, and then normalizing the characteristic vector, wherein the normalized characteristic vector is the subjective weight of each evaluation index.
Further, in step 2, an entropy weight method is used to calculate the objective weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation matrix X, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
d j ＝θ′-E j
in the formula: e.g. of the type j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; d j Is an intermediate variable, R ij Is the intermediate variable(s) of the variable,
if R is ij When R is equal to 0, then R ij lnR ij 0; and theta' is a variable adjusting parameter, and is 1.5.
Further, in step 3, the initial combination weight of the evaluation index is obtained by using the following formula:
wherein, w j Initial combining weight of j-th evaluation index, e j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; h is j Subjective weight as jth assessment index; h is t The subjective weight of the t-th assessment index.
Further, in step 3, a penalty function variable weight process is performed on the initial weight by using the following formula:
Further, step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, calculating the priority function of each evaluation index, and recording the priority function of the jth evaluation index as Y j (x ij ,x rj )；
Step 4.2, calculating a comprehensive relative priority index of each evaluation index according to the priority function calculated in the step 4.1, and assigning a weight of the jth evaluation index subjected to variable weight analysis under the ith black start scheme to be w' ij Defining a comprehensive relative priority index | (x) i ,x j )，
Step 4.3, calculate the outflow φ of each black start scheme + And inflow phi - Black Start protocol x i Of the outflow phi + (x i ) And inflow phi - (x i ) Calculated using equation (11):
in the formula: x is the set of all black start schemes;
4.4, calculating the net flow value phi of each black start scheme according to a formula (12);
φ(x i )＝φ + (x i )-φ - (x i ) (12)
and 4.5, obtaining the good and bad sequence of the black start schemes by sequencing the magnitude of the net flow value of each black start scheme, wherein the larger the net flow value is, the better the corresponding scheme is, and the smaller the net flow value is, the worse the corresponding scheme is, so that the evaluation result of the black start schemes is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE, which combines the calculation results of an analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method with the calculation of the initial combination weight of evaluation indexes, and considers both subjectivity and objectivity of evaluation. By applying a punishment type function variable weight analysis method, the initial combination weight and the measured data are combined to prevent the indexes with small numerical values and low weight from being neutralized by the indexes with large numerical values and high weight to a certain extent, and the reasonability and fairness of the evaluation result are ensured. And evaluating different black start schemes by combining the weight of the indexes after the weight change with a PROMETHEE method to obtain the quality sequence of the black start schemes. The method has clear thought, is simple and feasible, and is easy to understand and accept by decision makers. By the method, more reliable quality sequencing of the black start scheme can be obtained, and guarantee is provided for complete operation of the power grid.
And (3) combining the initial combination weight of the evaluation index with the actual measurement original data by using a formula (8) in the third step, performing punitive variable weight processing, and avoiding the neutralization of the index with small numerical value and low weight by the index with large numerical value and high weight so as to realize the rationality and fairness of the evaluation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a black start protocol evaluation method based on combining weights in conjunction with promethe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a black start protocol assessment method based on penalty variation in combination with promethe, the analysis method comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining a feasible black start scheme and an index for evaluating the black start scheme, and constructing the black start scheme and the evaluation index to be evaluated as an evaluation matrix X. And carrying out non-dimensionalization processing on the evaluation index. The evaluation indexes are divided into benefit indexes and cost indexes, the indexes with smaller numerical value and better numerical value are called cost indexes, and normalization is carried out by using a formula (2); the index with larger numerical value and better numerical value is called benefit index, and is normalized by using the formula (3) to obtain a normalized evaluation matrix X'.
In the formula: m is the number of black start schemes; n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; x' ij And the j evaluation index value under the ith black start scheme is represented.
x ij Is normalizedx′ ij ；
And 2, respectively calculating the subjective weight and the objective weight of the evaluation indexes in the evaluation matrix X.
And judging the importance of the evaluation index of the black start scheme by adopting an analytic hierarchy process in consideration of subjectivity, thereby calculating the subjective weight of the evaluation index. And comparing every two evaluation indexes by adopting a nine-minute judgment ruler table to construct a judgment matrix A.
Nine-point judging ruler
x i And x j Are equivalent attributes that can be compared with each other;
and calculating the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix A and the corresponding characteristic vector thereof, and then normalizing the characteristic vector, wherein the normalized characteristic vector is the subjective weight of each evaluation index.
In the formula: n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; a is rj Representing the degree of importance of the index r relative to the index j, a larger value indicates a higher relative degree of importance.
H＝[h 1 ,h 2 ,…,h j ,…,h n ] T (5)
In the formula: h is a subjective weight vector of the evaluation index obtained by the analytic hierarchy process; h is j The subjective weight of the jth assessment index.
The specific process of calculating the subjective weight of the evaluation index by the analytic hierarchy process and the consistency test process of the evaluation criterion are as follows.
First, the present invention determines an importance degree judgment matrix a between evaluation indexes according to a ninth judgment table.
Obtaining a matrix A 'by column normalization on the basis of the importance degree judgment matrix'
And adding the column vectors of the matrix A' to obtain a column vector, and normalizing to obtain the subjective weight of the evaluation index.
Second, a consistency check for the analytic hierarchy process evaluation criteria. The test formula is as follows:
in the formula: a. the j A vector representing the jth row in the judgment matrix A; lambda [ alpha ] max Judging the maximum characteristic root of the matrix A; CI is a consistency index; CR is the consistency ratio; the RI can be found from the consistency check table of the analytic hierarchy process, as shown in the following table. Calculated to obtain lambda max 5.0474, CI 0.012, RI 1.12, and the consistency ratio CR 0.011. Since CR is 0.011<0.1, according to the verification criteria of the analytic hierarchy process, the judgment matrix can be considered to meet the requirement of consistency, the importance degree between the evaluation indexes determined by the invention is reasonable, namely the subjective weight of the evaluation indexes is reasonable.
Consistency checking table
And considering objectivity, calculating objective weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation matrix X by measuring the confusion degree of evaluation index values by adopting an entropy weight method. The smaller the entropy of the evaluation index is, the smaller the amount of information provided by the evaluation index for evaluating the black start scheme is, the smaller the role played in the comprehensive evaluation is, and the lower the objective weight should be.
In the formula: e.g. of the type j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; e j Information entropy, R, for the jth evaluation index ij Is the intermediate variable(s) of the variable,
if R is ij When R is equal to 0, then R ij lnR ij 0; and theta' is a variable adjusting parameter, and is 1.5.
And 3, combining subjective and objective weights and performing variable weight processing on the penalty function. And (3) combining the subjective weight of each evaluation index obtained by the analytic hierarchy process and the calculation result of the objective weight of each evaluation index obtained by the entropy weight process to obtain the initial combination weight of the evaluation indexes so as to achieve subjective and objective combination, as shown in the formula (7). If the initial weight is not combined with the measured data, some indexes are poor, the numerical value is small, the corresponding weight is small, the indexes can be neutralized when the black start scheme is comprehensively evaluated, and the evaluation lacks fairness. Therefore, the weight of the evaluation index with high weight and higher numerical value can be properly adjusted downwards to show punishment, the evaluation index with low weight and smaller numerical value can be properly adjusted upwards to avoid the low-weight decimal index being neutralized, so that the fairness of evaluation is ensured, and the specific calculation is shown as a formula (8).
Wherein, w j Is the initial combined weight, w ', of the j-th assessment index' il Is the evaluation index weight after the ith evaluation index weight change under the ith black start scheme, w l An initial combination weight for the l-th evaluation index; x is the number of il And (4) normalizing the value of the l evaluation index under the ith black start scheme.
And 4, evaluating and sequencing the black start scheme by using a PROMETHEE method. And obtaining the net flow value of each black start scheme through calculation, and obtaining the quality sequence of the black start schemes through the magnitude sequence of the net flow values of the schemes, thereby obtaining the evaluation result of the black start schemes. The method comprises the following steps:
and 4.1, calculating a priority function of each evaluation index. For the j-th evaluation index, PROMETHEE defines a priority function with a function value from 0 to 1. If Y is j (x ij ,x rj ) Denotes a priority function if Y j (x ij ,x rj ) 0 indicates the value x of the ith scheme for the jth evaluation index ij And the value x of the r-th solution under the j-th evaluation index rj No difference exists; when Y is j (x ij ,x rj ) When 1, indicates x ij Strict precedence over x rj . For computational convenience, an intermediate variable p is defined ir ＝x ij -x rj Can construct a priority function
In the formula: p is a radical of max The maximum difference between the evaluation indexes for each scheme.
And 4.2, calculating the comprehensive relative priority index of each evaluation index according to the priority function calculated in the step 4.1. For two black startsValue x of a scheme under a specific evaluation index ij And x rj And when the jth assessment index under the ith black start scheme is subjected to variable weight analysis, the weight assignment is w' ij Defining a comprehensive relative priority index | (x) i ,x j )，
And 4.3, calculating the outflow and inflow. For each black start scenario, outflow and inflow are defined, respectively + ,φ - And (4) showing. For black start scenario x i Defining the outflow and inflow as shown in equation (11):
in the formula: x is the set of all black start schemes.
And 4.4, calculating the net flow value phi of each black start scheme according to a formula (12).
φ(x i )＝φ + (x i )-φ - (x i ) (12)
And 4.5, obtaining the good and bad sequence of the black start schemes by sequencing the magnitude of the net flow value of each black start scheme, wherein the larger the net flow value is, the better the corresponding scheme is, and the smaller the net flow value is, the worse the corresponding scheme is, so that the evaluation result of the black start schemes is obtained.
And 5, comparing the evaluation method result of the invention with the evaluation result of the existing literature.
Best mode for carrying out the invention
The invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings and tables.
The invention provides a black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining a feasible black start scheme and an index for evaluating the black start scheme, and constructing the black start scheme and the evaluation index which need to be evaluated into an evaluation matrix X. Taking 5 black start schemes of Tianjin power grid as an example, the evaluation matrix X is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Wherein index 1 represents the level of the started unit, index 2 represents the recovery time of the black start scheme, index 3 represents the capacity of the started unit, index 4 represents the quality degree of the technical verification, and index 5 represents the line length of the black start. And carrying out non-dimensionalization processing on the evaluation index. The general evaluation indexes are divided into benefit indexes and cost indexes, the indexes with smaller numerical values and better numerical values are called cost indexes, and the indexes are normalized by using a formula (2); the index with larger numerical value and better numerical value is called benefit index, and is normalized by using formula (3), wherein index 1, index 2 and index 5 belong to cost index, index 3 and index 4 belong to benefit index, and the normalized result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
In the formula: m is the number of black start schemes; n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; x' ij And the j evaluation index value under the ith black start scheme is represented.
And step two, respectively calculating the subjective weight and the objective weight of the evaluation index. And judging the importance of the evaluation index of the black start scheme by adopting an analytic hierarchy process in consideration of subjectivity, thereby calculating the subjective weight of the evaluation index. And comparing every two criteria of the same layer by adopting a nine-minute judgment scale table to construct a judgment matrix A. Calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and the corresponding eigenvector thereof, then normalizing the eigenvector, wherein the normalized eigenvector is the weight of each evaluation index, and the subjective weight vector of each evaluation index is as follows: h ═ 0.396,0.345,0.107,0.0843,0.0676] T 。
In the formula: n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; a is ij Representing the degree of importance of the index r relative to the index j, a larger value indicates a higher relative degree of importance.
H＝[h 1 ,h 2 ,…,h j ,…,h n ] T (5)
In the formula: h is j The subjective weight of the jth assessment index.
And calculating the objective weight of the evaluation index by measuring the confusion degree of the evaluation index value by adopting an entropy weight method in consideration of objectivity. The smaller the entropy of the evaluation index is, the smaller the information amount provided by the evaluation index for evaluating the black start scheme is, the smaller the role played in the comprehensive evaluation is, the lower the objective weight is, and the objective vector of the evaluation index is: e ═ 0.212,0.185,0.211,0.201,0.191] T 。
In the formula: e.g. of a cylinder j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; e j Information entropy of the jth evaluation index;
if R is ij When R is equal to 0, then R ij lnR ij 0; and theta' is a variable adjusting parameter, and is 1.5.
And thirdly, combining subjective and objective weights and performing variable weight processing on the penalty function. And combining the calculation results of the evaluation index weights of the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight process to obtain the initial weight of the evaluation index so as to achieve subjective and objective combination. The initial weights are not combined with the measured data. Some indexes are poor, the numerical values are small, corresponding weights of the indexes are small, the indexes can be neutralized when the black start scheme is comprehensively evaluated, and the evaluation is lack of fairness. Therefore, the weight of the evaluation index with high weight and higher value can be properly adjusted downwards to show punishment, the evaluation index with low weight and smaller value can be properly adjusted upwards to avoid the low-weight decimal index being neutralized, so that the fairness of evaluation is ensured, and the result of the weight change of the evaluation index after the processing of the formula (8) is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
And step four, evaluating and sequencing the black start scheme by using a PROMETHEE method. The net flow value of each scheme can be obtained through the calculation of the following formula, and the ranking of the advantages and the disadvantages of the black start schemes can be obtained through the ranking of the net flow values of the schemes, so that the evaluation result of the black start schemes is obtained. The process of the method is briefly described as follows.
A priority function is calculated. For the j-th evaluation index, PROMETHEE defines a priority function with a function value from 0 to 1. If Y is j (x ij ,x rj ) Represents a priority function if Y j (x ij ,x rj ) 0 indicates the value x of the ith scheme for the jth evaluation index ij And the value x of the r-th solution under the j-th evaluation index rj No difference exists; when Y is j (x ij ,x rj ) When 1, indicates x ij Strict precedence over x rj . For computational convenience, define p ir ＝x ij -x rj A priority function can be constructed, and the relative priority of the black start scheme under different evaluation indexes is shown in tables 4 to 8; wherein table 4 is the relative priority of the evaluation index 1; table 5 shows the relative priorities of the evaluation indices 2; table 6 shows the relative priorities of the evaluation indices 3; table 7 shows the relative priorities of the evaluation indices 4; table 8 shows the relative priorities of the evaluation indexes 5.
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
TABLE 7
TABLE 8
In the formula: p is a radical of max The maximum difference between the evaluation indexes for each scheme.
A priority index is calculated. Value x for two black start schemes under specific evaluation indexes ij And x rj And when the jth assessment index under the ith black start scheme is subjected to variable weight analysis, the weight assignment is w' ij Then, a comprehensive relative priority index is defined as shown in the formula (10). The relative priority index results for the black start scenario, the influent and effluent results for each scenario were calculated as shown in table 9.
TABLE 9
Outflow and inflow are calculated. For each black start scenario, outflow and inflow are defined, respectively + ,φ - And (4) showing. For black start scenario x i Outflow and inflow are defined. The outflow for each black start scenario is: 0.849, 0.0238, 0.128, 2.234, 1.299; the inflows are respectively: 0.549,2.024,1.568,0.0713,0.321.
In the formula: x is the total solution set.
And calculating the net flow phi of each black start scheme, wherein the net flow value of each black start scheme is as follows: -0.300,2.000,1.440, -20163, -0.978.
φ(x i )＝φ + (x i )-φ - (x i ) (12)
And step five, comparing the evaluation method result of the invention with the evaluation result of the existing literature. The present invention evaluates chinese power, 2016, 49(07) based on the black start path of the combination of the Vague method and the promethe method: 65-71.] as method 1, Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) as method 2, literature [ sand peak, poplar, bushy, axin, etc. ] black start protocol based on the improved data envelope analysis model evaluates [ J ]. chinese power, 2013, 46 (02): 50-54.] the evaluation method herein is as method 3 and the evaluation method herein invented is as method 4. The evaluation value size value and evaluation ranking result pair of the four methods are shown in table 10.
Watch 10
It can be found that the scheme 2 is considered as the optimal scheme, the scheme 4 is the worst scheme, the index values of the index 1, the index 2 and the index 5 of the scheme 2 are excellent compared with the index values of other schemes, and the indexes 3 and the index 4 are also better in all the schemes, so that the scheme 2 is used as the optimal black start scheme in 5 black start schemes. The index of scheme 4 is inferior to other schemes, and the evaluation ranking result is the worst, but different evaluation methods have great difference on the final black start scheme ranking. The evaluation results of the scheme 2 and the scheme 3 are difficult to distinguish by the method 1, while other evaluation index values of the scheme 2 and the scheme 3 are equal and are respectively 0.544 and 0.466 when the indexes 2 are different, but the evaluation method considers that the results of the scheme 2 and the scheme 3 are only different by 0.001, and the ranking of the scheme 2 and the scheme 3 can be changed once the evaluation method is unstable or the index 2 data of the scheme 3 is slightly improved. This is because the method 1 uses a model combining Vague and promethe, lacks subjectivity in calculating the evaluation index weight, and is too objective, which may result in the evaluation method having a result of evaluation deviation in the case where the two schemes are very close. While the evaluation results of the method 2 consider the scheme 1, the scheme 2, the scheme 3 and the scheme 5 as equally important, which is obviously contrary to the evaluation results of other evaluation methods and cannot accurately rank the black start schemes, for example, the 5 evaluation indexes of the scheme 2 are respectively 0.642,0.544,0.437,0.546 and 0.530, while the evaluation indexes of the scheme 1 are respectively 0.321,0.466,0.109,0.561 and 0.535, it can be seen that the evaluation indexes of the scheme 2 should be better than the scheme 1 as a whole, and thus the ranking of the scheme 2 should be higher than that of the scheme 1, but the DEA method considers that the two schemes are ranked the same because the DEA method cannot rank the black start schemes on one scale. Method 3(DEA and AHP method combination model) cannot distinguish the ranking order between scheme 1 and scheme 5, and although method 3 improves DEA with AHP, the effect is not very obvious and the numerical gap between scheme 1 and scheme 3 is not as obvious as the present invention.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A black start scheme evaluation method based on combination of penalty variable and PROMETHEE is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining a black start scheme to be evaluated and an evaluation index of the black start scheme, and constructing the black start scheme to be evaluated and the evaluation index into an evaluation matrix X; carrying out dimensionless processing and normalization processing on the evaluation index;
in the formula: m is the number of black start schemes; n represents the number of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme; x' ij The j evaluation index value under the ith black start scheme is represented;
step 2, respectively calculating the subjective weight and the objective weight of each evaluation index according to the evaluation matrix X constructed in the step 1;
step 3, combining the subjective weight and the objective weight of each evaluation index obtained in the step 2 to obtain an initial combination weight of the evaluation index, and performing penalty function weight changing processing on the initial combination weight to obtain a weight value w 'after the weight changing processing' ij ；
Step 4, calculating the weight value w 'obtained according to the step 3 after weight changing processing' ij Calculating the net flow value of each black start scheme to be evaluated, and sequencing all the black start schemes to be evaluated by utilizing a PROMETHEE method and the net flow values of all the schemes;
in step 2, an entropy weight method is adopted to calculate the objective weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation matrix X, and a specific calculation formula is as follows:
d j ＝θ′-E j
in the formula: e.g. of the type j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; d j Is an intermediate variable, R ij Is the intermediate variable(s) of the variable,
if R is ij When R is equal to 0, then R ij ln R ij 0; theta' is a variable adjusting parameter, and is 1.5;
in the step 3, penalty function variable weight processing is performed on the initial weight by using the following formula:
2. The method for evaluating a black start scheme based on the combination of penalty variable and PROMETHEE according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the evaluation indexes are divided into benefit type indexes and cost type indexes, and the cost type indexes are normalized by the formula (2); the benefit type index is normalized by the formula (3);
wherein x is ij Is normalized x' ij 。
3. The black start scheme evaluation method based on the combination of penalty variable weight and PROMETHEE as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, an analytic hierarchy process is used to judge the importance of evaluation indexes of the black start scheme, and the subjective weight of the evaluation indexes is calculated; comparing every two criteria of the same layer by adopting a nine-minute judgment scale table to construct a judgment matrix A; and calculating the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix A and the corresponding characteristic vector thereof, and then normalizing the characteristic vector, wherein the normalized characteristic vector is the subjective weight of each evaluation index.
4. The method for assessing a black start program based on a combination of penalty variables and PROMETHEE as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step 3, the initial combination weight of the assessment indicators is obtained by using the following formula:
wherein, w j Initial combining weight of j-th evaluation index, e j An objective weight of the jth evaluation index; h is j Subjective weight as jth assessment index; h is t The subjective weight of the t-th assessment index.
5. The method for assessing a black start program based on a penalty variable combined with PROMETHEE as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 4 comprises the steps of:
step 4.1, calculating the priority function of each evaluation index, and recording the priority function of the jth evaluation index as Y j (x ij ,x rj )；
Step 4.2, calculating a comprehensive relative priority index of each evaluation index according to the priority function calculated in the step 4.1, and assigning a weight of the jth evaluation index subjected to variable weight analysis under the ith black start scheme to be w' ij Defining a composite relative priority index pi (x) i ,x j )，
Step 4.3, calculate the outflow φ of each black start scheme + And inflow phi - Black Start protocol x i Of the outflow phi + (x i ) And inflow phi - (x i ) Calculating by equation (11):
in the formula: x is the set of all black start schemes;
4.4, calculating the net flow value phi of each black start scheme according to a formula (12);
φ(x i )＝φ + (x i )-φ - (x i ) (12)
and 4.5, obtaining the good and bad sequence of the black start schemes by sequencing the magnitude of the net flow value of each black start scheme, wherein the larger the net flow value is, the better the corresponding scheme is, and the smaller the net flow value is, the worse the corresponding scheme is, so that the evaluation result of the black start schemes is obtained.
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