CN111582217A - Automatic cone volcano identification method based on contour lines - Google Patents

Automatic cone volcano identification method based on contour lines Download PDF

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CN111582217A
CN111582217A CN202010417051.XA CN202010417051A CN111582217A CN 111582217 A CN111582217 A CN 111582217A CN 202010417051 A CN202010417051 A CN 202010417051A CN 111582217 A CN111582217 A CN 111582217A
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农文韬
李安波
闾国年
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Nanjing Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically identifying a cone volcano based on contour lines, which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out threshold-based contour line preliminary screening based on the vector contour map of the area to be identified; (2) circular contour screening based on random Hough transform; (3) grouping concentric circle contours based on containment relationships; (4) identifying volcano contour lines and marking membership degrees; (5) and generating a cone-shaped volcano contour map layer with membership degree attribute based on the identification result. Compared with the prior art, the method has high automation degree and can effectively avoid excessive missed judgment during manual interpretation.

Description

Automatic cone volcano identification method based on contour lines
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geographic information technology and geomorphology, in particular to a method for automatically identifying a cone-shaped volcano based on contour lines.
Background
Volcanoes are plateau formed by stacking solid or liquid (or solid and liquid) products ejected by volcanoes, and mainly comprise volcanic cones, volcanic mouths and volcanic channels. The cone volcano is a volcano mouth shaped like a cone, mainly composed of basalt and Anshan basalt, wherein the relative height difference of the volcano cone is 50-750 meters, the gradient of the volcano outer wall is 15-30 degrees, and the shape of the volcano is a truncated cone. Due to the typical cone shape and relatively extensive development, the cone volcano has important research value and application value in various aspects such as travel, geothermal utilization and the like.
At present, volcanoes are generally recognized by interpreters on remote sensing images by means of professional knowledge and interpretation experience of interpreters according to morphological features of mountains. The identification mode based on manual interpretation not only has low identification efficiency and poor extraction effect, but also easily causes misjudgment and missed judgment due to inconsistent interpretation level in actual operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the automatic identification method of the cone volcano based on the contour line, and the identification result is more accurate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the automatic cone volcano identification method based on the contour lines comprises the following steps:
(1) generating a contour vector layer according to the DEM of the area to be identified, and storing the contour vector layer in a contour set L0;
(2) arbitrarily selecting an contour line lo from L0, judging the area of the surrounded area and the threshold value of the minimum outsourcing rectangle, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4);
(3) for the contour line lo, performing circular contour line judgment based on random Hough transform, if the contour line lo is consistent with the contour line lo, judging the contour line lo to be circular, storing the contour line lo into a circular contour line set L1, and storing corresponding parameters of the contour line lo into a circular parameter set PARM;
(4) circularly executing the step (2) to the step (3) until all contour lines in the set L0 are processed;
(5) based on the set PARM, carrying out concentric circle contour grouping based on the inclusion relationship on the circular contours in the set L1 to obtain a concentric circle contour set C;
(6) for each group in the set C, performing membership identification based on the altitude value of the contour;
(7) and identifying the cone-shaped volcano contour lines according to the membership degree identification result, and generating a cone-shaped volcano contour line image layer with the membership degree.
Further, the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2-1) taking any contour line lo from the contour line set L0;
(2-2) calculating the area s of the area enclosed by the lo, if s is larger than a preset area threshold Th1Executing the step (2-3); otherwise, executing the step (4);
(2-3) calculating the aspect ratio R of the minimum bounding rectangle of lo if R is less than a preset aspect ratio threshold Th2If yes, executing the step (3); otherwise, executing step (4).
Further, the step (3) specifically comprises the following steps:
(3-1) acquiring all points of the contour line lo, and accessing a point set P ═ PjI j is 0,1, …, m-1, m is contour line loiThe number of midpoints;
(3-2) establishing a null Hough transform parameter set HC ═ HCk(Xo,Yo,radius,Poi,cnt)}，Xo,YoDenotes the center of the circle, radius, Poi denotes the set of points defining the current circle, cnt denotes the current parameter set hckNumber of occurrences in hough space;
(3-3) randomly taking three unprocessed points from P, and respectively marking the three unprocessed points as Ps1、ps2、ps3Three degrees of freedom (X) of the random Hough transform are calculated according to the following formulao,YoRadius) and stores a temporary hough transform parameter tuple hctemp＝{(Xo,YoRadius, Poi, cnt }, its Poi ═ p { p }s1,ps2,ps3}，cnt＝1；
Figure BDA0002495390170000021
Wherein a is ps1.x-ps2.x，b＝ps1.y-ps2.y，c＝ps1.x-ps3.x，d＝ps1.y-ps3.y，
Figure BDA0002495390170000022
The shapes of the positive and negative symbols are (x and y);
(3-4) traversing Hough transform parametersSet HC if an element HC is present thereinkSo that the following conditional expression holds, then hc will bekThe value of cnt is increased by 1 and p is addeds1、ps2、ps3Store in hckPoi; otherwise, will hctempStoring the set HC, and executing the step (3-7);
conditions are as follows: (hc)temp.Xo∈(hck.Xo-Th3,hck.Xo+Th3))&&(hctemp.Yo∈(hck.Yo-Th3,hck.Yo+Th3))&&(hctemp.radius∈(hck.radius-Th4,hckRadius + Th4)), where Th3 and Th4 are circle center thresholds and radius thresholds preset by users, and the shape is () indicates the corresponding member in the tuple;
(3-5) determination of hckWhether cnt is smaller than Hough transform threshold Th5, if yes, executing step (3-7), otherwise, executing step (3-6);
(3-6) determination of hckPoi, the number of points is greater than the preset true circle minimum point threshold Th6, if yes, the contour is stored in the circular contour set L1, and hc is storedk.Xo、hck.Yo、hckRadius as the parameter set of the contour line is stored in the circular parameter set PARM, and step (4) is executed; otherwise, will hckCnt is assigned 0;
and (3-7) circularly executing the steps (3-3) to (3-6) until all the points in the P are processed or the number of the remaining points is less than three.
Further, the step (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
(5-1) the area for delineating each circular contour in the set L1 is sequentially stored in a delineating area set S ═ SjWhere | j is 0,1,2, …, v-1}, v is the number of circular contours in the set L1;
(5-2) obtaining a circular contour line l1 corresponding to the maximum value in Ssmax；
(5-3) traversing the set L1, and acquiring the circle center (PARM) of each circular contour line according to the set PARMi.Xo，parmi.Yo) And will be at l1smaxMinimum envelope moment ofStoring circular contours within shapes into temporary circular contour groups ctemp；
(5-4) if ctempIf the number of the middle circular contour lines is more than 1, c istempSorting the medium-height lines in a descending order according to the delineation area, and storing the medium-height lines as a grouping subset into a set C;
(5-5) mixingtempRemoving the delineated area corresponding to the middle circular contour line from S;
and (5-6) returning to circularly execute the steps (5-2) to (5-5) until the number of elements in the S is 0.
Further, the step (6) specifically comprises the following steps:
(6-1) arbitrarily taking a concentric circle contour line group C from the set C, and sequentially storing the elevation information of all the circle contour lines in the group into an elevation set H ═ H j0,1,2, …, w-1, where w is the number of medium lines in c;
(6-2) if H in HjIncreasing and then decreasing, wherein the membership degree of the circular contour line in the mark c is high; if H in HjIf the labeling is monotonously increased, the membership degree of the circular contour line in the label c is low;
and (6-3) circularly executing the steps (6-1) to (6-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped.
Further, the step (7) specifically comprises the following steps:
(7-1) reading any concentric circle contour line group C from the set C;
(7-2) reading the first circular contour line in the step c, judging whether the first circular contour line is provided with a membership degree label or not, if so, identifying the group as a cone volcano, and marking the group as a cone volcano range boundary element; otherwise, identifying the group as a non-cone volcano;
(7-3) circularly executing the step (7-1) to the step (7-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped;
and (7-4) extracting contour lines with high and low membership degrees of contour line membership from the set C to generate a cone-shaped volcano contour line map layer with membership degree attribute.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: according to the method, on the basis of identifying the circular contour lines by Hough transformation, automatic identification of the cone-shaped volcano is realized through morphological characteristics of which the elevation is increased firstly and then reduced, the identification result is more accurate, the identification efficiency is improved, and erroneous judgment and missing judgment during manual judgment can be effectively avoided.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for automatically identifying a cone-shaped volcano according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of experimental data used in this example;
fig. 3 is a contour vector map layer extracted in the embodiment (the distance between contours is 50 meters);
FIG. 4 is a contour plot of a cone-shaped volcano identified in the examples;
FIG. 5 is an interpretation of a panel expert.
Detailed Description
The embodiment provides a method for automatically identifying a cone-shaped volcano based on contour lines, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) and generating a contour vector layer according to the DEM of the area to be identified, and storing the contour vector layer in a contour set L0.
In this embodiment, the experimental data is DEM data of 12.5 m resolution of the galapagos islands, the longitude is between 90 ° 19'11"W and 91 ° 41'4" W, and the latitude is between 0 ° 12'11"N and 0 ° 55'46" S, as shown in fig. 2, and the generated contour vector map layer is shown in fig. 3.
(2) And (4) arbitrarily selecting an equal altitude lo from L0, judging the area of the surrounded area and the threshold value of the minimum outsourcing rectangle, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4).
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(2-1) taking any contour line lo from the contour line set L0;
(2-2) calculating the area s of the area enclosed by the lo, if s is larger than a preset area threshold Th1Executing the step (2-3); otherwise, executing the step (4); in this embodiment, Th1 is 7000000;
(2-3) calculating the aspect ratio of the minimum bounding rectangle of loR, if R is less than preset length-width ratio threshold Th2If yes, executing the step (3); otherwise, executing step (4). In this embodiment, Th2 is 3.
(3) And judging the contour line lo into a circular contour line based on random Hough transform, if the contour line lo is consistent with the contour line lo, judging the contour line lo into a circular contour line, storing the contour line lo into a circular contour line set L1, and storing corresponding parameters of the contour line lo into a circular parameter set PARM.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3-1) acquiring all points of the contour line lo, and accessing a point set P ═ PjI j is 0,1, …, m-1, m is contour line loiThe number of midpoints;
(3-2) establishing a null Hough transform parameter set HC ═ HCk(Xo,Yo,radius,Poi,cnt)}，Xo,YoDenotes the center of the circle, radius, Poi denotes the set of points defining the current circle, cnt denotes the current parameter set hckNumber of occurrences in hough space;
(3-3) randomly taking three unprocessed points from P, and respectively marking the three unprocessed points as Ps1、ps2、ps3Three degrees of freedom (X) of the random Hough transform are calculated according to the following formulao,YoRadius) and stores a temporary hough transform parameter tuple hctemp＝{(Xo,YoRadius, Poi, cnt }, its Poi ═ p { p }s1,ps2,ps3}，cnt＝1；
Figure BDA0002495390170000051
Wherein a is ps1.x-ps2.x，b＝ps1.y-ps2.y，c＝ps1.x-ps3.x，d＝ps1.y-ps3.y，
Figure BDA0002495390170000052
The shapes of the positive and negative symbols are (x and y);
in this embodiment, p is performed for the first times1＝(688841.517483414,10011241.7238683)，ps2＝(688852.454983414，10011221.4113683)，ps3(688847.767483414,10011247.9738683) with center of (688854.0955625, 10011235.3956875), radius (14.080267956243818), hctemp＝(688854.0955625，10011235.3956875，14.080267956243818，{ps1,ps2,ps3}，1)；
(3-4) traversing Hough transform parameter set HC if an element HC exists thereinkSo that the following conditional expression holds, then hc will bekThe value of cnt is increased by 1 and p is addeds1、ps2、ps3Store in hckPoi; otherwise, will hctempStoring the set HC, and executing the step (3-7);
conditions are as follows: (hc)temp.Xo∈(hck.Xo-Th3,hck.Xo+Th3))&&(hctemp.Yo∈(hck.Yo-Th3,hck.Yo+Th3))&&(hctemp.radius∈(hck.radius-Th4,hckRadius + Th4)), where Th3 and Th4 are circle center thresholds and radius thresholds preset by users, and the shape is () indicates the corresponding member in the tuple; in this embodiment, Th3 is 100, Th4 is 100, and hc is the first judgmenttemp.Xo＝688853.29084948928，hctemp.Yo＝10011234.056830103，hctemp.radius＝12.382781842114722，hc0.Xo＝688854.0955625，hc0.Yo＝10011235.3956875，hc0.radius＝14.080267956243818；
(3-5) determination of hckWhether cnt is smaller than Hough transform threshold Th5, if yes, executing step (3-7), otherwise, executing step (3-6); th5 ═ 15 in this example;
(3-6) determination of hckPoi, the number of points is greater than the preset true circle minimum point threshold Th6, if yes, the contour is stored in the circular contour set L1, and hc is storedk.Xo、hck.Yo、hckRadius as the parameter set of the contour line is stored in the circular parameter set PARM, and step (4) is executed; otherwise, will hckCnt is assigned 0; book (I)In an embodiment, Th6 ═ 5;
and (3-7) circularly executing the steps (3-3) to (3-6) until all the points in the P are processed or the number of the remaining points is less than three.
(4) And (4) circularly executing the steps (2) to (3) until all contours in the set L0 are processed.
(5) And based on the set PARM, carrying out concentric circle contour line grouping based on the inclusion relationship on the circular contour lines in the set L1 to obtain a concentric circle contour line set C.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(5-1) the area for delineating each circular contour in the set L1 is sequentially stored in a delineating area set S ═ SjWhere | j is 0,1,2, …, v-1}, v is the number of circular contours in the set L1;
(5-2) obtaining a circular contour line l1 corresponding to the maximum value in Ssmax；
(5-3) traversing the set L1, and acquiring the circle center (PARM) of each circular contour line according to the set PARMi.Xo，parmi.Yo) And will be at l1smaxThe circular contour lines within the minimum envelope rectangle of c are stored into a temporary circular contour line group ctemp；
(5-4) if ctempIf the number of the middle circular contour lines is more than 1, c istempSorting the medium-height lines in a descending order according to the delineation area, and storing the medium-height lines as a grouping subset into a set C; in this embodiment, when first executed, ctempThe number of medium lines is 3;
(5-5) mixingtempRemoving the delineated area corresponding to the middle circular contour line from S;
and (5-6) returning to circularly execute the steps (5-2) to (5-5) until the number of elements in the S is 0.
(6) And for each group in the set C, performing membership identification based on the altitude value of the contour line.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(6-1) arbitrarily taking a concentric circle contour line group C from the set C, and sequentially storing the elevation information of all the circle contour lines in the group into an elevation set H ═ Hj|j＝0,1,2,…,w-1, wherein w is the number of medium lines in c; in the embodiment, w is 3 when the first execution is performed;
(6-2) if H in HjIncreasing and then decreasing, wherein the membership degree of the circular contour line in the mark c is high; if H in HjIf the labeling is monotonously increased, the membership degree of the circular contour line in the label c is low; in this embodiment, the high membership degree is 0.9, and the low membership degree is 0.8, and when the first execution is performed, the elements in H increase monotonically;
and (6-3) circularly executing the steps (6-1) to (6-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped.
(7) And identifying the cone-shaped volcano contour lines according to the membership degree identification result, and generating a cone-shaped volcano contour line image layer with the membership degree.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(7-1) reading any concentric circle contour line group C from the set C;
(7-2) reading the first circular contour line in the step c, judging whether the first circular contour line is provided with a membership degree label or not, if so, identifying the group as a cone volcano, and marking the group as a cone volcano range boundary element; otherwise, identifying the group as a non-cone volcano;
(7-3) circularly executing the step (7-1) to the step (7-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped;
(7-4) extracting contour lines with high and low membership degrees of contour line membership from the set C, and generating a cone-shaped volcano contour line map layer with membership degree attribute, as shown in FIG. 4.
Compared with the volcano interpretation result (figure 5) of the experimental area by experts, in the embodiment of the invention, 5 volcanos are correctly identified, 1 virtual interpretation is carried out, the probability of missed interpretation is 0, and the probability of virtual interpretation is 16.67%; wherein the identification accuracy of the high membership volcano is 100 percent, and the identification accuracy of the low membership volcano is 50 percent. The reason for the virtual judgment is that the virtual judgment volcano is positioned at the edge of the DEM data, and the contour lines at the position are subjected to mutation due to data limitation, so that the virtual judgment is caused. In general, the method can effectively identify volcanoes, has high automation degree, and is basically consistent with the manual extraction result.

Claims (6)

1. A method for automatically identifying a cone-shaped volcano based on contour lines is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) generating a contour vector layer according to the DEM of the area to be identified, and storing the contour vector layer in a contour set L0;
(2) arbitrarily selecting an contour line lo from L0, judging the area of the surrounded area and the threshold value of the minimum outsourcing rectangle, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4);
(3) for the contour line lo, performing circular contour line judgment based on random Hough transform, if the contour line lo is consistent with the contour line lo, judging the contour line lo to be circular, storing the contour line lo into a circular contour line set L1, and storing corresponding parameters of the contour line lo into a circular parameter set PARM;
(4) circularly executing the step (2) to the step (3) until all contour lines in the set L0 are processed;
(5) based on the set PARM, carrying out concentric circle contour grouping based on the inclusion relationship on the circular contours in the set L1 to obtain a concentric circle contour set C;
(6) for each group in the set C, performing membership identification based on the altitude value of the contour;
(7) and identifying the cone-shaped volcano contour lines according to the membership degree identification result, and generating a cone-shaped volcano contour line image layer with the membership degree.
2. The method for automatically identifying the contour-based volcano cones of claim 1, wherein: the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2-1) taking any contour line lo from the contour line set L0;
(2-2) calculating the area s of the area enclosed by the lo, if s is larger than a preset area threshold Th1Executing the step (2-3); otherwise, executing the step (4);
(2-3) calculating the aspect ratio R of the minimum bounding rectangle of lo if R is less than a preset aspect ratio threshold Th2If yes, executing the step (3); otherwise, executing step (4).
3. The method for automatically identifying the contour-based volcano cones of claim 1, wherein: the step (3) specifically comprises the following steps:
(3-1) acquiring all points of the contour line lo, and accessing a point set P ═ PjI j is 0,1, …, m-1, m is contour line loiThe number of midpoints;
(3-2) establishing a null Hough transform parameter set HC ═ HCk(Xo,Yo,radius,Poi,cnt)}，Xo,YoDenotes the center of the circle, radius, Poi denotes the set of points defining the current circle, cnt denotes the current parameter set hckNumber of occurrences in hough space;
(3-3) randomly taking three unprocessed points from P, and respectively marking the three unprocessed points as Ps1、ps2、ps3Three degrees of freedom (X) of the random Hough transform are calculated according to the following formulao,YoRadius) and stores a temporary hough transform parameter tuple hctemp＝{(Xo,YoRadius, Poi, cnt }, its Poi ═ p { p }s1,ps2,ps3}，cnt＝1；
Figure FDA0002495390160000021
Wherein a is ps1.x-ps2.x，b＝ps1.y-ps2.y，c＝ps1.x-ps3.x，d＝ps1.y-ps3.y，
Figure FDA0002495390160000022
The shapes of the positive and negative symbols are (x and y);
(3-4) traversing Hough transform parameter set HC if an element HC exists thereinkSo that the following conditional expression holds, then hc will bekThe value of cnt is increased by 1 and p is addeds1、ps2、ps3Store in hckPoi; otherwise, will hctempStoring the set HC, and executing the step (3-7);
conditions are as follows: (hc)temp.Xo∈(hck.Xo-Th3,hck.Xo+Th3))&&(hctemp.Yo∈(hck.Yo-Th3,hck.Yo+Th3))&&(hctemp.radius∈(hck.radius-Th4,hckRadius + Th4)), where Th3 and Th4 are circle center thresholds and radius thresholds preset by users, and the shape is () indicates the corresponding member in the tuple;
(3-5) determination of hckWhether cnt is smaller than Hough transform threshold Th5, if yes, executing step (3-7), otherwise, executing step (3-6);
(3-6) determination of hckPoi, the number of points is greater than the preset true circle minimum point threshold Th6, if yes, the contour is stored in the circular contour set L1, and hc is storedk.Xo、hck.Yo、hckRadius as the parameter set of the contour line is stored in the circular parameter set PARM, and step (4) is executed; otherwise, will hckCnt is assigned 0;
and (3-7) circularly executing the steps (3-3) to (3-6) until all the points in the P are processed or the number of the remaining points is less than three.
4. The method for automatically identifying the contour-based volcano cones of claim 1, wherein: the step (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
(5-1) the area for delineating each circular contour in the set L1 is sequentially stored in a delineating area set S ═ SjWhere | j is 0,1,2, …, v-1}, v is the number of circular contours in the set L1;
(5-2) obtaining a circular contour line l1 corresponding to the maximum value in Ssmax；
(5-3) traversing the set L1, and acquiring the circle center (PARM) of each circular contour line according to the set PARMi.Xo，parmi.Yo) And will be at l1smaxThe circular contour lines within the minimum envelope rectangle of c are stored into a temporary circular contour line group ctemp；
(5-4) if ctempIf the number of the middle circular contour lines is more than 1, c istempThe medium height line is in descending order according to the circle areaAfter sorting, storing the sorted groups as a grouping subset into a set C;
(5-5) mixingtempRemoving the delineated area corresponding to the middle circular contour line from S;
and (5-6) returning to circularly execute the steps (5-2) to (5-5) until the number of elements in the S is 0.
5. The method for automatically identifying the contour-based volcano cones of claim 1, wherein: the step (6) specifically comprises the following steps:
(6-1) arbitrarily taking a concentric circle contour line group C from the set C, and sequentially storing the elevation information of all the circle contour lines in the group into an elevation set H ═ Hj0,1,2, …, w-1, where w is the number of medium lines in c;
(6-2) if H in HjIncreasing and then decreasing, wherein the membership degree of the circular contour line in the mark c is high; if H in HjIf the labeling is monotonously increased, the membership degree of the circular contour line in the label c is low;
and (6-3) circularly executing the steps (6-1) to (6-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped.
6. The method for automatically identifying the contour-based volcano cones of claim 1, wherein: the step (7) specifically comprises the following steps:
(7-1) reading any concentric circle contour line group C from the set C;
(7-2) reading the first circular contour line in the step c, judging whether the first circular contour line is provided with a membership degree label or not, if so, identifying the group as a cone volcano, and marking the group as a cone volcano range boundary element; otherwise, identifying the group as a non-cone volcano;
(7-3) circularly executing the step (7-1) to the step (7-2) until all the concentric circle contour lines in the set C are grouped;
and (7-4) extracting contour lines with high and low membership degrees of contour line membership from the set C to generate a cone-shaped volcano contour line map layer with membership degree attribute.
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