CN111581857B - Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace - Google Patents
Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111581857B CN111581857B CN202010649249.0A CN202010649249A CN111581857B CN 111581857 B CN111581857 B CN 111581857B CN 202010649249 A CN202010649249 A CN 202010649249A CN 111581857 B CN111581857 B CN 111581857B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- diameter
- submerged arc
- arc furnace
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a process package design method of an electricity-saving submerged arc furnace. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a. according to the design of the power factor of 0.9, the capacity of the submerged arc furnace is determined firstly, and then the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of each square centimeter of the carbon electrode; b. then, according to the cross section electrode end cross section area design of 10200 square centimeters, the diameter of the electrode, the diameter of the concentric circle, the diameter of the hearth and the electrode spacing are determined; c. the potential gradient is designed according to the voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, and the constant voltage ratio is determined; d. the submerged arc furnace is manufactured according to the submerged arc furnace capacity and the calculated hearth diameter, hearth depth, concentric circles, electrode diameter, electrode spacing and protecting cover height, and can achieve a natural power factor of 0.9. The method eliminates the defects of the existing submerged arc furnace in the design method, and makes up the blank that the submerged arc furnace with 0.9 power factor can be achieved from the beginning of the design.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a process package design method of an electricity-saving submerged arc furnace.
Background
The submerged arc furnace is also called an electric arc furnace or a resistance furnace or an electric heating furnace (calcium carbide furnace). It is mainly used for reducing and smelting ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, solvent and other raw materials. The production equipment mainly produces ferroalloys such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, ferrosilicon and manganese alloy, and is important industrial raw materials in the metallurgical industry and chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide. The working characteristics are that the furnace lining is made of carbon or magnesium refractory material, and self-culturing electrodes are used. The electrode is inserted into the furnace burden to perform submerged arc operation, and the energy generated by the resistance of the furnace burden is utilized to smelt metal by utilizing the energy and the current of the electric arc to pass through the furnace burden, so that the industrial electric furnace is continuously operated and comprises the steps of sequential feeding, intermittent tapping and continuous operation. The submerged arc furnace is an industrial electric furnace with huge power consumption. The device mainly comprises a furnace shell, a furnace cover, a furnace lining, a short net, a water cooling system, a smoke discharging system, a dust removing system, an electrode shell, an electrode pressure releasing and lifting system, a loading and unloading system, a holder, a burner, a hydraulic system, an ore-smelting furnace transformer, various electrical equipment and the like. According to the structural characteristics and the working characteristics of the submerged arc furnace, 70% of the system reactance of the submerged arc furnace is generated by a short-net system, the short-net is a system working with large current, the maximum current can reach tens of thousands of amperes, the performance of the short-net determines the performance of the submerged arc furnace, the natural power factor of the submerged arc furnace is very difficult to reach more than 0.85 due to the fact, the natural power factor of most of the submerged arc furnace is 0.7-0.8, the lower power factor not only reduces the efficiency of the transformer and consumes a large amount of idle work, but also adds extra electric penalty by an electric power part, meanwhile, due to the manual control of electrodes and the process of stacking, the highest unbalance degree can reach more than 20%, the smelting efficiency is low, the electric charge is high, the power factor of the short-net is high, the power consumption is low due to the fact that the unbalance of the electric network is low, and the smelting efficiency is high. If proper measures are adopted, the power factor of the short network is improved, the power consumption can be reduced, the yield can be improved, and therefore good economic benefits are brought to enterprises, and the input transformation cost can be recovered in a short period in the saved electric charge.
In general, in order to solve the problem of low power factor of the submerged arc furnace, the method of capacitance compensation is generally adopted at present in China to solve the problem of reactive compensation at a high-voltage end, but the problem of three-phase balance cannot be solved due to the high-voltage end compensation, and the inductance of a short network is more than 70% of the inductance of the whole system, so that the inductance of the short network system cannot be reduced and the power factor of the short network cannot be improved due to the high-voltage end compensation. The purpose of increasing the transformer output is only significant to the power sector. Therefore, at present, some units take measures of simultaneously carrying out reactive compensation on high and low voltages on a newly built furnace to solve the problems, the power factor of the short network end can be greatly improved by carrying out compensation on the short network end, the power consumption is reduced, and the reactive on-site compensation technology transformation is carried out aiming at a great amount of reactive consumption and unbalance of the short network on the low voltage side of the furnace, which effectively improves the power factor, and is technically reliable and mature, and the input and the output are in direct proportion from the aspect of economy. Reactive power on-site compensation implemented on the low-voltage side of the submerged arc furnace for the three-phase imbalance phenomenon caused by inconsistent short-network reactive power consumption and arrangement length has incomparable advantages of high-voltage compensation in terms of improving power factor, absorbing harmonic waves, increasing yield and reducing consumption. The special device for low-voltage reactive compensation of the submerged arc furnace disclosed in the Chinese patent No. ZL 200720041263.2 is characterized in that: the control instrument collects signals of the input end of the transformer and then respectively controls thyristors respectively connected with the output ends of three phases of the submerged arc furnace, so that split-phase control and split-phase compensation are achieved, and balance of three-phase load and power factor of the submerged arc furnace is ensured. But due to the high cost and the harsh working environment, the life is greatly affected. The reactive compensation at the low-voltage end of the short network also brings about harmonic increase, so that measures are needed to inhibit 3-7 times of harmonic, thereby increasing investment, prolonging investment recovery period, and simultaneously having high subsequent maintenance cost and poor comprehensive benefit.
The applicant provides a method for saving electricity of an ore-smelting furnace capable of improving power factors, which comprises the following steps: a. canceling capacitance compensation; changing the diameter of an electrode, and changing the current intensity of a unit area, namely reducing the diameter of the electrode of a conventional 25500KV calcium carbide furnace from 1.25m to 1.14m, and then reducing the current passing through the electrode from 86000A to 72000A; b. increasing the ratio of voltage to current, maintaining the current to voltage ratio at 1:310, reducing the generation of the impedance and inductance of the submerged arc furnace, and improving the natural power to 0.9 so as to improve the utilization rate of current work; c. for the short net part, the power transmission capacity of the short net is improved, namely, the operation voltage is improved, the current is reduced, the arc striking length and intensity of the electrode arc are increased, and the efficiency of converting electric power into heat energy is improved. The power saving method of the submerged arc furnace can effectively concentrate the temperature, improve the yield and the quality, reduce the production energy consumption, improve the power factor and improve the product quality. Is one of the more effective means in the existing submerged arc furnace reconstruction method.
In addition, the national policy of the 'two-high-one-resource' industry is tightened again, and the calcium carbide as the 'two-high-one-resource' industry faces various policy limitations. The method has the advantages that the method is greatly influenced in the calcium carbide industry admission condition (2014 revision) issued by the industrial information department, electricity price subsidies are sequentially cancelled all over the country, and the calcium carbide PVC is listed in a product catalog of high pollution and high environmental risk in an environment protection comprehensive directory (2013 edition).
Meanwhile, the contradiction between surplus productivity in the calcium carbide industry is continuously aggravated, and the situation of terminal consumption and debilitation does not appear in a short period. Therefore, the overall running condition of the calcium carbide or still fatigue and continuous low-valley vibration trend can be judged by combining the factors.
Under such severe large environments, the calcium carbide industry as 'two-high-cost' has to increase the technological innovation. A new technology for producing calcium carbide is developed, technical transformation is actively carried out, grade improvement and upgrading are carried out, and a new technology with energy conservation and consumption reduction as a core is greatly developed. In addition, the enterprise management is enhanced, the internal work is well exercised, and the capability of coping with market changes is improved.
The submerged arc furnace is core equipment for smelting production, and three electrodes are used for inputting current into the furnace to generate arc resistance heat, so that raw materials are subjected to chemical reduction reaction at a certain temperature to generate a product. The operation of three electrodes of the submerged arc furnace directly influences the balance degree of the temperature in the furnace and the power of a molten pool, and determines the smelting efficiency, the power consumption and the quality of smelting products.
The basic principle of the traditional iron alloy and calcium carbide industry smelted by using an ore smelting furnace is that the raw materials are basic, equipment is a condition, operation is a key, and management is a guarantee. Among these, fine, scientific and rational operation is important. And the operation of lifting and inserting electrodes is more critical to the quality, electricity consumption and yield of the calcium carbide. For a long time, the ferroalloy industry and the calcium carbide industry judge whether the electrodes are leveled in a current-viewing mode, namely judge whether the downward insertion of each electrode is at the same horizontal plane in the current-viewing mode; and many enterprises do not fully utilize the electrical parameters provided by the transformer to perform scientific process operation methods, so that the inductance is reduced. The existing electrode is usually inserted into the hole through inspection, and the three electrodes are manually inserted into the hole through the drill rod. However, the method cannot reflect the electrode insertion depth faithfully, and often causes that three electrodes cannot be kept on a plane, so that the arcing temperature of the electrodes cannot be concentrated. Taking the past operation record of 25500KVA closed calcium carbide furnace of electric smelting Limited company in new era of county as an example, the electrode is uneven to cause the electricity consumption to be increased, the quality to be reduced, the first-grade product rate can only reach 85% -90%, the electricity consumption of each ton of calcium carbide is about 3400-3700 kwh, and the high-order electricity consumption also becomes a heavy cost burden of iron alloy and calcium carbide industry.
The applicant thus provides a method of energy-efficient operation of a submerged arc furnace, comprising the steps of: a. three electrodes with the number of A, B, C are inserted into the submerged arc furnace, the three electrodes are equal in interval and are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape in section; three neutral wires are led out from the bottom carbon bricks of the furnace, and after the three neutral wires are led out of a high-temperature area by galvanized flat iron, copper wires are respectively led into a central control instrument operation desk in parallel outside the furnace; three phase voltmeters A1, B1 and C1 which are electrically connected with three neutral lines and correspond to the three electrodes are respectively arranged on a central control instrument operation desk, so that the neutral point phase voltages of the three electrodes are obtained, and the three-phase voltages are basically balanced when the three-phase electrodes are in no-load or light load; b. after the load is added, the current, the voltage and the phase voltage are changed, and when the power consumption is increased according to the load change, the electrode is leveled according to the phase voltage so as to ensure that the electrode insertion depth is consistent; at the moment, leveling operation is carried out on the end surfaces of the A, B, C three electrodes, so that the phase voltages of each phase of the A, B, C three electrodes reflected by the phase voltmeters A1, B1 and C1 are basically consistent, and the distances between each phase of the voltages of the A, B, C three electrodes and the furnace bottom in the material layer are judged to be consistent and the potential difference is judged to be consistent; that is, when the end surfaces of the three A, B, C electrodes are subjected to leveling operation, data reflected by the phase voltmeters A1, B1 and C1 are observed at the same time, when the phase voltages of each phase of the A, B, C three electrodes reflected by the phase voltmeters A1, B1 and C1 are basically consistent, the end surfaces of the three A, B, C electrodes can be judged to be positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the leveling operation is stopped at the moment; c. the A, B, C electrodes in the submerged arc furnace are self-roasting electrodes, and the electrodes are required to be discharged under normal pressure while being continuously consumed so as to keep the end surfaces of the A, B, C electrodes on a horizontal plane, and the step b is repeated to discharge the A, B, C electrodes so as to ensure the normal roasting speed of the A, B, C electrodes and the working length of the end heads of the A, B, C electrodes. The method can lead the three electrodes to be basically balanced, and realize the effects of deep insertion, shallow insertion, work doing and temperature concentration of the electrodes. The three electrode ends are flattened, the current level is flattened and the phase is flattened. The power consumption of each ton of calcium carbide is reduced, a large amount of raw materials are saved, and the working stability and the operation rate of equipment are improved, so that the quality and the yield of products are improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. Is one of the more effective means in the existing electricity-saving method of the submerged arc furnace.
In conclusion, the calcium carbide industry consumes very great electric energy, and electricity saving and the improvement of the production efficiency of the submerged arc furnace are long-term and difficult tasks of the industry. Although the applicant proposes that the above method can solve the problem of how to save electricity in operation of the existing submerged arc furnace.
However, our national power sector requires that the electric furnace must be charged for 0.9 power factor calculation and must be installed with compensation to account for the failure. Applicant has appreciated that national submerged arc furnaces are not designed to 0.9 from design, so that compensation is essentially used to solve the power factor problem. The compensation cost is high, and the compensation method is high, medium and low, so that the manufacturer can achieve the power factor of 0.9 regulated by the power department without penalty. The compensation equipment has the advantages of high cost, more problems, high compensation power consumption, high electrolysis aging speed and serious pollution of waste products in the later stage of electrolysis.
Namely, the defects existing in the existing submerged arc furnace cannot be avoided, and only the defects are compensated or reformed through the later period, namely, the existing submerged arc furnace cannot have the power-saving and efficient capacity at the beginning of design, and the later period compensation or reforming only basically meets the requirements, so that the purposes of truly saving energy and producing efficiently cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the existing submerged arc furnace has defects in the design method, and a process design method for the submerged arc furnace with electricity saving and high efficiency is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a process kit design method of an electricity-saving submerged arc furnace.
The basic idea of the utility model is:
to achieve a 0.9 power factor in the design package, applicants have discovered an important relationship with respect to current to voltage. For many years, the applicant summarized many and made multiple analyses from 12500KVA ore-smelting furnace, 20000KVA ore-smelting furnace and 25500KVA closed ore-smelting furnace, the conclusion is that the relation between current and voltage is necessary to the power factor, the flow pressure ratio determines the theory that the power factor is high and low, and the obtained result is that: can reach 0.9 power factor. Our national power sector requires that the electric furnace must be charged by 0.9 power factor calculation and must be installed with compensation to solve the problem. Applicant has appreciated that national submerged arc furnaces are not designed to 0.9 from design, so that compensation is essentially used to solve the power factor problem. The compensation cost is high, and the compensation method is high, medium and low, so that the manufacturer can achieve the power factor of 0.9 regulated by the power department without penalty. The compensation equipment has the advantages of high cost, more problems, high compensation power consumption, high electrolysis aging speed and serious pollution of waste products in the later stage of electrolysis.
The applicant finally and successfully reaches the result through summary and test for many years, and the result is as follows: and the power factor of 0.9 can be completely achieved without compensation. There are several conditions that must be met to be achieved.
From the beginning of design, the design is carried out according to the power factor of 0.9, the smelted products are different, the material resistances are different, and the design parameters are different. The electric furnace capacity is developed to a large furnace type in China to the present day. The installed capacity is large, the power factor is lower, examples are: 195000KVA designed by Qinghai salt lake magnesium company and Canadian He company, and the natural power factor of an electric heating furnace (calcium carbide furnace) is 0.46, and the actual active power is only 89700 KVA capacity. In order to meet the requirements of the power department, 0.9 power factor is used for compensating tens of millions of yuan, and the compensation system cannot be used and has a plurality of problems. The applicant adds the salt lake magnesium industry calcium carbide furnace to reform, because the furnace type is shaped, the furnace type can only be reformed according to the existing conditions and designs, the process package of the applicant can achieve the active power consumption of the original design, the active power consumption can be improved to 10-11 thousands, the compensation is cancelled, the power factor of 0.85-0.9 can be achieved, and the world problem is solved. The power factor of the big furnace and the small furnace can reach 0.9. Proposal: the national standard of the submerged arc furnace is also 0.9 power factor, so that the requirements of the electric power department are met, and the national standard is mainly provided with various aspects of energy conservation, consumption reduction, benefit improvement and innovation. Scientific progress, reduced investment and large-scale submerged arc furnace, and can achieve a natural power factor of 0.9. The applicant has found, tested and analyzed that the product is summarized on a 25500KVA calcium carbide furnace, successfully and stably operated, improves the product quality and the yield, and has good effects.
The current multiplied by the voltage equals the capacity, which in turn, divided by the current determines the voltage;
electrode parameters: the carbon electrode is a self-baking carbon electrode, and is mainly made of carbon elements, the current of the carbon electrode per square centimeter is 7A, the carbon electrode is burnt out after the current is higher than 7A for a long time, the carbon electrode is not well baked after the current is lower than 7A for a short time, the carbon electrode is softened after the current is lower than 7A for a long time, the baking speed and the power consumption are not kept over. The present utility model is calculated according to the optimal operation state of the carbon electrode.
Relationship between phase voltage and line voltage: once the gear is determined, the voltage is determined and the phase voltage is always at root 3 of the line voltage. The voltage determines the arc length, and the arcs need to be crossed to generate a thermal arc effect better, so the distance between the electrodes is determined according to the arc length generated by the voltage.
The calculation formula is as follows: (114 cm/2) 2 X 3.14= 10201.86 square cm, i.e. according toInverse calculating electrode diameter, i.e. assuming electrode diameter X, taking into account the formula (X cm 2) 2 X3.14 = 10200 square centimeters, calculated as X equal to about 114 centimeters; the electrode spacing is: concentric circle 340 cm times +.>The result is obtained by subtracting one electrode diameter. 180 cm calculation formula: 340 cm× (1.732 ≡2) = 294.44 cm. Electrode diameter reduction: 294.44 cm-114 cm= 179.56 cm, most of the design processes use decimal point data, and are not very precise. The voltage gradient of 1.3 volts to 1.4 volts is the result of the voltage divided by the electrode spacing. 230 v/180 cm = 1.2777 v (voltage per cm) as potential gradient, data are typically used as a reference point. For example, 110KVA voltage cable, sometimes 115KVA, sometimes 112KVA, sometimes 109KVA. The power department actually builds a switchyard at 110KVA line level. Hearth depth 270 cm: the method is commonly used on 25500KVA calcium carbide furnaces, can be used for 280 cm and 10 cm more on electric heating furnaces, and has no great relation. When the main parameters are different from the process package to the product, the selection parameters are different, and the resistance of the production raw materials, the temperature required by the raw materials and the operation process are greatly different.
The applicant has found that geometric parameter packages are important, that the process is selected incorrectly, and that problems occur in the production of the product. The process is a good node, namely, the process is designed according to a geometric parameter process package when the submerged arc furnace is manufactured, rather than performing operation adjustment after the submerged arc furnace is manufactured so as to meet the production requirement. And the existing submerged arc furnace can burn through the hearth once being improperly operated, so that a great amount of electricity is consumed when the hearth is burned through, minerals are lost, and casualties are most likely to be caused.
The existing patent shows that after the submerged arc furnace is shaped, the submerged arc furnace is defective in design and needs to be compensated to achieve the power factor of 0.9, so that the existing patent realizes the power factor of 0.9 by adjusting voltage and current without compensating the existing submerged arc furnace. The utility model provides a process package from the aspect of designing the submerged arc furnace, so that the submerged arc furnace is designed by applying the process package, i.e. the submerged arc furnace has no defect in design after shaping.
The existing submerged arc furnace is designed to calculate the flow pressure ratio. The power factor of 4.5 ten thousand of 0.7 capacity is calculated to be equal to the current, the voltage and the 37 to 35 gears from low to high, and finally the proper power factor is found to facilitate the furnace opening. The current is calculated, then the thickness of the electrode is determined, after the electrode is designed, the concentric circle is considered, and after the concentric circle is considered, the hearth is considered.
At present, a plurality of domestic enterprises for compensating the electric furnace can not save electricity as long as compensating is performed, namely, the equipment for compensating is power-consuming, and the equipment for compensating is also ageing and pollution-free.
The utility model relates to a process pack design method, which is characterized in that the capacity of an ore-smelting furnace is determined in advance, then the voltage and the current are reversely pushed to reach the designed capacity according to the power factor of 0.9, and then the length of an electric arc and the length of the electrode spacing are considered, so that the electric arc and the electric arc need to be crossed, and the ore-smelting furnace designed and manufactured according to the process pack design method can directly meet the power factor of 0.9 without compensation after input into production.
Specifically, the utility model relates to a process pack design method of an electricity-saving submerged arc furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. according to the design of the power factor of 0.9, the capacity of the submerged arc furnace is determined firstly, and then the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of each square centimeter of the carbon electrode;
b. then, according to the cross section electrode end cross section area design of 10200 square centimeters, the diameter of the electrode, the diameter of the concentric circle, the diameter of the hearth and the electrode spacing are determined;
c. the potential gradient is designed according to the voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, and the constant voltage ratio is determined;
d. the submerged arc furnace is manufactured according to the submerged arc furnace capacity and the calculated hearth diameter, hearth depth, concentric circles, electrode diameter, electrode spacing and protecting cover height, and can achieve a natural power factor of 0.9.
In the step a, the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of the carbon electrode per square centimeter, namely the safety current is 7 tens of thousands of amperes according to the calculation of 7 amperes of belt current of the self-baking electrode per square centimeter.
In the step b, the cross section electrode end cross section of 10200 square centimeters is designed, the electrode diameter is 114 centimeters, the electrode spacing is 180 centimeters, the concentric circle is 340 centimeters, and the hearth diameter is 780 centimeters; the calculation process is based onInverse calculating electrode diameter, i.e. assuming electrode diameter X, taking into account the formula (X cm 2) 2 X3.14 = 10200 square centimeters, calculated as X equal to about 114 centimeters; the electrode spacing is 340 cm of concentric circle multiplied by +.>A result obtained by subtracting the diameter of one electrode; namely, the 180 cm calculation formula is 340 cm× (1.732 ≡2) = 294.44 cm; then one electrode diameter is reduced: 294.44 cm-114 cm = 179.56 cm, approximately equal to 180 cm; in the design process, the data after decimal point takes about equal value.
In step c of the present utility model, the potential gradient is designed to be 230 to 240 volts at a voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, the secondary voltage 70000 amps divided by 230 volts equals 304 amps current, the ratio of current to voltage is 304 amps: 1 volt, 70000 amperes divided by 235 volts equals 297.87 amperes with a ratio of current to voltage of 297.87 amperes: 1 volt; the voltage gradient of 1.3 volts to 1.4 volts is the result of dividing the voltage by the electrode spacing; 230 v/180 cm = 1.2777 v (voltage per cm) as potential gradient, data are used as a reference point.
When the submerged arc furnace capacity in the step d is 25500KVA, the natural power factor of 0.9 can be achieved, wherein the diameter of a furnace chamber is 7.8 meters, the depth of the furnace chamber is 2.7 meters, the concentric circle is 3.4 meters, the diameter of electrodes is 1.14 meters, the electrode spacing is 1.8 meters and the height of a protecting cover is 1.2 meters.
Compared with the prior similar products, the process package design method of the electricity-saving submerged arc furnace eliminates the defects of the prior submerged arc furnace in the design method, and fills up the blank that the submerged arc furnace with 0.9 power factor can be achieved from the beginning of the design. The submerged arc furnace manufactured by the process package design method disclosed by the utility model can achieve the aims of truly saving energy and efficiently producing without compensation or transformation.
The present utility model will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present utility model is not limited to the examples.
Description of the embodiments
Example 1: the process pack design method of the electricity-saving submerged arc furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. according to the design of the power factor of 0.9, the capacity of the submerged arc furnace is determined firstly, and then the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of each square centimeter of the carbon electrode;
b. then, according to the cross section electrode end cross section area design of 10200 square centimeters, the diameter of the electrode, the diameter of the concentric circle, the diameter of the hearth and the electrode spacing are determined;
c. the potential gradient is designed according to the voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, and the constant voltage ratio is determined;
d. the submerged arc furnace is manufactured according to the submerged arc furnace capacity and the calculated hearth diameter, hearth depth, concentric circles, electrode diameter, electrode spacing and protecting cover height, and can achieve a natural power factor of 0.9.
In the embodiment, the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of the carbon electrode per square centimeter in the step a, namely, the safety current is 7 tens of thousands of amperes according to the calculation of 7 amperes of the self-baking electrode per square centimeter of belt current.
In the step b of the embodiment, the cross section electrode end cross section is designed according to 10200 square centimeters, the diameter of the electrode is 114 centimeters, the electrode spacing is 180 centimeters, the concentric circle is 340 centimeters, and the diameter of a hearth is 780 centimeters; calculated byThe process is according toInverse calculating electrode diameter, i.e. assuming electrode diameter X, taking into account the formula (X cm 2) 2 X3.14 = 10200 square centimeters, calculated as X equal to about 114 centimeters; the electrode spacing is 340 cm of concentric circle multiplied by +.>A result obtained by subtracting the diameter of one electrode; namely, the 180 cm calculation formula is 340 cm× (1.732 ≡2) = 294.44 cm; then one electrode diameter is reduced: 294.44 cm-114 cm = 179.56 cm, approximately equal to 180 cm; in the design process, the data after decimal point takes about equal value.
In this example, the potential gradient in step c is designed to be 230 to 240 volts at a voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, the secondary voltage 70000 amps divided by 230 volts equals 304 amps current, the ratio of current to voltage is 304 amps: 1 volt, 70000 amperes divided by 235 volts equals 297.87 amperes with a ratio of current to voltage of 297.87 amperes: 1 volt; the voltage gradient of 1.3 volts to 1.4 volts is the result of dividing the voltage by the electrode spacing; 230 v/180 cm = 1.2777 v (voltage per cm) as potential gradient, data are used as a reference point.
In the embodiment, when the submerged arc furnace capacity in the step d is 25500KVA, the natural power factor of 0.9 can be achieved by the aid of the hearth diameter of 7.8 meters, the hearth depth of 2.7 meters, the concentric circles of 3.4 meters, the electrode diameter of 1.14 meters, the electrode spacing of 1.8 meters and the protecting cover height of 1.2 meters.
That is, the design scheme based on the calcium carbide furnace with the capacity of 25500KVA is as follows:
designed according to the cross-sectional area of the 10200 square centimeter electrode end, the diameter of the electrode is 1140 centimeters, the electrode spacing is 180 centimeters, the concentric circle is 3400 centimeters, and the diameter of the hearth is 7800 centimeters. Because of the carbon material, the self-baking electrode calculates 7 amperes of current per square centimeter, the safety current is 7 ten thousand amperes, the electrode distance is 180 centimeters, the designed potential gradient is designed according to the voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, the voltage is 230 to 240 volts, the secondary voltage 70000 amperes divided by 230 volts is equal to 304 amperes of current, and the ratio of the current to the voltage is 304 amperes: 1 volt, 70000 amperes divided by 235 volts equals 297.87 amperes with a ratio of current to voltage of 297.87 amperes: 1 volt. The natural power factor of the calcium carbide furnace designed in this way can reach 0.9 power factor; in detail, the electric furnace 25500KVA has a hearth diameter of 7.8 meters, a hearth depth of 2.7 meters, concentric circles of 3.4 meters, an electrode diameter of 1.14 meters, an electrode spacing of 1.8 meters and a protective cover height of 1.2 meters, and completely achieves a natural power factor of 0.9.
The actual data of 25500KVA calcium carbide furnace operation is summarized and recorded in statistics, for example: 110KV inlet wire, voltage and current ratio of each gear output by an submerged arc furnace transformer are as follows:
when the voltage 150V current-voltage ratio is 250A to 1V, the power factor is 0.9
When the 180V flow pressure ratio is 260-265 A:1V, the power factor is 0.9
When the 200V flow pressure ratio is 270-280A to 1V, the power factor is 0.9
When 220v flow pressure ratio is 280-290A to 1V, the power factor is 0.9
The power factor is 0.9 when the 240V flow pressure ratio is 295- - -305A to 1V.
Claims (1)
1. The design method of the process package of the electricity-saving submerged arc furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. according to the design of the power factor of 0.9, the capacity of the submerged arc furnace is determined firstly, and then the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of each square centimeter of the carbon electrode;
b. then, according to the cross section electrode end cross section area design of 10200 square centimeters, the diameter of the electrode, the diameter of the concentric circle, the diameter of the hearth and the electrode spacing are determined;
c. the potential gradient is designed according to the voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, and the constant voltage ratio is determined;
d. the submerged arc furnace is manufactured according to the submerged arc furnace capacity and the calculated hearth diameter, hearth depth, concentric circles, electrode diameter, electrode spacing and protecting cover height, and the natural power factor of 0.9 can be achieved;
in the step a, the safety current is determined according to the current 7A of each square centimeter of the carbon electrode, namely, the safety current is 7 tens of thousands of amperes according to the calculation of 7 amperes of the self-baking electrode with current per square centimeter;
in the step b, the cross section electrode end cross section is designed according to 10200 square centimeters, the electrode diameter is 114 centimeters, the electrode spacing is 180 centimeters, the concentric circle is 340 centimeters, and the hearth diameter is 780 centimeters; the calculation process is based onInverse calculating electrode diameter, i.e. assuming electrode diameter X, taking into account the formula (X cm 2) 2 X3.14 = 10200 square centimeters, calculated as X equal to about 114 centimeters; the electrode spacing is 340 cm of concentric circle multiplied by +.>A result obtained by subtracting one electrode diameter; namely, the 180 cm calculation formula is 340 cm× (1.732 ≡2) = 294.44 cm; then one electrode diameter is reduced: 294.44 cm-114 cm = 179.56 cm, approximately equal to 180 cm; in the design process, the data after decimal point is adopted to take about the value;
the potential gradient in step c is designed to be 230 to 240 volts at a voltage of 1.3 to 1.35 volts, the secondary voltage 70000 amps divided by 230 volts equals 304 amps of current, the ratio of current to voltage is 304 amps: 1 volt, 70000 amperes divided by 235 volts equals 297.87 amperes with a ratio of current to voltage of 297.87 amperes: 1 volt; the voltage gradient of 1.3 volts to 1.4 volts is the result of dividing the voltage by the electrode spacing; 230 v/180 cm = 1.2777 v/cm as potential gradient, taking the middle of the data as reference point;
when the submerged arc furnace capacity in the step d is 25500KVA, the natural power factor of 0.9 can be achieved by the aid of the furnace chamber diameter of 7.8 meters, the furnace chamber depth of 2.7 meters, the concentric circle diameter of 3.4 meters, the electrode diameter of 1.14 meters, the electrode spacing of 1.8 meters and the protecting cover height of 1.2 meters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010649249.0A CN111581857B (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010649249.0A CN111581857B (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111581857A CN111581857A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
| CN111581857B true CN111581857B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Family
ID=72118454
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010649249.0A Active CN111581857B (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111581857B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104135785A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-05 | 孙孟君 | Power saving method for submerged arc furnace |
| CN108225017A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 巴涌 | It is a kind of directly to design mineral hot furnace and the structure and method of stove change secondary side voltage with stove varying capacity |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10435295B2 (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-10-08 | Thomas L Eddy | Coupling an electric furnace with a liquid fuel synthesis process to improve performance when processing heterogeneous wastes |
-
2020
- 2020-07-08 CN CN202010649249.0A patent/CN111581857B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104135785A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-05 | 孙孟君 | Power saving method for submerged arc furnace |
| CN108225017A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 巴涌 | It is a kind of directly to design mineral hot furnace and the structure and method of stove change secondary side voltage with stove varying capacity |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 工业硅电炉综合节能技术分析;王忠涛,巨建涛,赵俊学;铁合金(第02期);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111581857A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Rakhmonov et al. | Analysis and calculation of optimum parameters of electric arc furnace | |
| Chang et al. | Harmonic analysis of the industrial power system with an AC electric arc furnace | |
| Chen et al. | A study of the performance of submerged arc furnace smelting of industrial silicon | |
| CN105158540B (en) | A kind of arc current evaluation method using electric arc inductance correction factor | |
| Khakimov et al. | Development of optimal modes and mathematical models of energy performance of electric steelmaking production | |
| CN111581857B (en) | Design method of process package of electricity-saving submerged arc furnace | |
| CN104135785B (en) | A kind of electricity-saving method for ore furnace | |
| CN115218678A (en) | Method for improving rectangular ore furnace for smelting calcium carbide | |
| CN102593845B (en) | Reactive power compensation system of alloy smelting electric furnace system | |
| CN203258979U (en) | Direct current electric arc furnace | |
| CN210958194U (en) | High-power diode rectifying circuit for direct-current electric arc furnace and submerged arc furnace | |
| CN211233948U (en) | Argon blowing type electric furnace cover | |
| Nikolaev et al. | Development of a methodology for selecting optimum asymmetric arc combustion modes in ladle-furnace installations under different argon purging regimes | |
| CN205160078U (en) | Novel hot stove low pressure reactive compensation in ore deposit device | |
| CN205152357U (en) | Cold aluminium cell negative pole structure of smashing paste is wholly makeed firm by ramming in area | |
| CN104152629A (en) | Method for determining transformer capacity and parameters of refined-smelting ladle furnace under multi-boundary conditions | |
| CN112609038B (en) | Energy input control method for electric arc furnace smelting | |
| CN202797988U (en) | Low-voltage integrated compensation system of static var generator for industrial furnace | |
| CN109354001B (en) | Operation method of thermal method phosphorus preparation process | |
| Li et al. | Modeling and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Ferro-Silicon Submerged Arc Furnace under Flexible AC Power Supply in Balanced Steady State | |
| Hongjie et al. | Technology for Manufacturing Cathodes for Aluminium Reduction in China | |
| CN100585016C (en) | A kind of method of reinforcing current by aluminum electrolytic cell | |
| CN115333163B (en) | Energy supply control system and control method for electric arc furnace steelmaking with near-zero carbon emission | |
| CN201952469U (en) | Energy-saving silicon iron smelting equipment | |
| CN208884000U (en) | A kind of electrolgtic aluminium carbon anode electric installation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |