CN111579452A - Multifunctional water infiltration system and water infiltration control method - Google Patents
Multifunctional water infiltration system and water infiltration control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579452A CN111579452A CN202010378817.8A CN202010378817A CN111579452A CN 111579452 A CN111579452 A CN 111579452A CN 202010378817 A CN202010378817 A CN 202010378817A CN 111579452 A CN111579452 A CN 111579452A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional moisture infiltration system and a moisture infiltration control method, which can be applied to the field of moisture infiltration systems of agricultural hydraulic engineering. The invention integrates the functions of mobile carrying, data acquisition and water head adjustment, can monitor and automatically record the weight change data of the Mariotte bottle caused by the flowing water in real time, and can quickly adjust the height of the air outlet hole by pulling the air inlet hard tube up and down by a user, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the water head height and having high adjustment convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water infiltration systems of agricultural water conservancy projects, in particular to a multifunctional water infiltration system and a water infiltration control method.
Background
The Mariotte bottle is a device which is based on the principle of a communicating vessel, so that the internal pressure and the external pressure of a container are consistent, and the constant water head and the automatic water replenishing in the Mariotte bottle are realized.
Colleges and universities agriculture hydraulic engineering related major all can use ma shi bottle constant pressure water supply equipment when carrying out the relevant experiment of water and salt migration in the laboratory, and the relevant product kind is less on the market at present, is the product of making oneself mostly, and the product function is single.
Firstly, when scientific researchers carry out experiments on influences of water infiltration under different water and salt conditions on crop growth outdoors, soil boxes filled with heavy soil and Mason bottles filled with water need to be moved outdoors, and the traditional fixing support cannot meet the requirement of soil box movement;
secondly, for the test of the long-time infiltration test, the traditional method for reading the water level reduction of the Markov bottle graduated scale is adopted, scientific researchers need to read and record data often overnight, and the physical strength consumption is large and fatigue is easy to occur. Particularly for a hydrophobic soil moisture infiltration test, due to the limitation of the reading and writing speed of manually recorded data, the data sampling interval is large, and the time when the infiltration is recorded and the mutation occurs is often missed, so that the key data information is lost.
Thirdly, when the pressure test of the water infiltration of the constant head is carried out, in the process of adjusting the water head, a mechanical lifting platform or a mode of filling things at the bottom of the Mariotte bottle is usually adopted, but in the mode, the whole Mariotte bottle moves up and down when the water head is adjusted, when water flows out from the water outlet of the Mariotte bottle through a hose, the actual water head is usually lower than the set water head due to the loss of the water head of the hose, so the height of the Mariotte bottle needs to be adjusted repeatedly, and the mechanical adjustment mode is unsafe, time-consuming and labor-consuming;
fourthly when carrying out the solute migration experiment, because traditional mah-jong bottle is that the haplopore admits air, to the mah-jong bottle that the large capacity was filled with water, bubble quantity and subsection area are less when gaseous entering the bottle for relatively poor to the stirring effect of solution, lead to the inside solution concentration of mah-jong bottle to distribute inhomogeneously, and then influence the accuracy of test data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional water infiltration system and a water infiltration control method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a water head is inconvenient to adjust and the labor consumption is too large for recording the water outlet flow of a Martensis bottle.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a multifunctional moisture infiltration system, which comprises a bracket, a March's flask and a soil box; wherein:
the support comprises a vertical rod, a bearing flat plate, a Mahalanobis bottle clamping groove, a weighing sensor and a digital display paperless recorder, the vertical rod and the bearing flat plate are vertically fixed, and the Mahalanobis bottle clamping groove and the digital display paperless recorder are installed on the vertical rod; the weighing sensor is installed in the clamp groove of the Mariotte bottle, the digital display paperless recorder is used for recording weight change data of the Mariotte bottle, and the weighing sensor is connected with the digital display paperless recorder;
the March bottle is placed in the March bottle clamping groove and is positioned on the weighing sensor, and the March bottle comprises a March bottle body and an air inlet assembly; a hollow cavity is arranged in the Malpighian bottle body, a water filling port is arranged at the top end of the hollow cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the lower end of the hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is respectively communicated with the water filling port and the water outlet;
the air intake assembly includes: the elastic sealing plug, the air inlet hard tube and the air outlet flat plate are arranged in the hollow cavity; one end of the elastic sealing plug is plugged into the water filling port and has radial pressure on the water filling port, and the other end of the elastic sealing plug is provided with a through hole penetrating through the elastic sealing plug; one end of the air inlet hard tube is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the air inlet hard tube penetrates through the through hole to be fixed with the air outlet flat plate, and the elastic sealing plug has radial pressure on the air inlet hard tube; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the upper end face of the air outlet flat plate and communicated with the air inlet hard pipe;
the soil box is placed on the bearing flat plate, and the upper end of the soil box is communicated with the water outlet through a pipeline.
Optionally, the air outlet flat plate includes an equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe and a sleeve, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe, the air outlet holes are communicated with the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixed to the air inlet hard pipe, wherein:
when the hollow cavity is a cylinder, the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipes are circular;
when the hollow chamber is a prism, the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe is a polygon corresponding to the cross section of the hollow chamber.
Optionally, a pull ring is further fixed at one end of the air inlet hard pipe, where the air inlet hole is formed, and the air inlet hole is formed in the pull ring.
Optionally, an elastic airtight gasket is arranged between the elastic sealing plug and the water filling port;
and a circle of annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the water injection port, the annular groove is coaxial with the water injection port, and the elastic airtight gasket is embedded in the annular groove.
Optionally, a plurality of mounting screw holes are formed in the vertical rod, and the mounting screw holes are arranged at preset intervals along the axial direction of the vertical rod;
the mounting screw hole is used for being matched with a mounting bolt so as to fix the clamping groove of the Mariotte bottle at the position of the mounting screw hole.
Optionally, the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove comprises a clamping groove body and a sleeve which are connected with each other;
the upper end surface of the clamping groove body is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the Mariotte bottle penetrates through the opening and is arranged in the clamping groove body; an operation opening is formed in one side wall of the clamping groove body, a water outlet of the Mariotte bottle is opposite to the operation opening, and the operation opening is used for ensuring that a water outlet valve installed at the water outlet has a space for normal operation;
the sleeve is sleeved on the vertical rod and sequentially penetrates through the sleeve and the mounting screw hole through the mounting bolt to be fixed with the vertical rod.
Optionally, a handle is arranged on the vertical rod, and universal wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the bearing flat plate.
Optionally, the soil box comprises a bottom plate, a flange and a box body, the box body is connected with the bottom plate through the flange, and the bottom plate is a breathable bottom plate or a non-breathable bottom plate.
Optionally, the soil box is provided with a plurality of sampling holes, the sampling holes are arranged along the axial direction of the soil box, and the elastic sealing plug is plugged at the sampling holes.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also discloses a moisture infiltration control method, which is applied to the multifunctional moisture infiltration system of the present invention, and the method comprises:
the height is adjusted according to a preset water head, and a target water level line is determined on a graduated scale of the Mariotte bottle body;
and pulling the air inlet hard tube along the axial direction of the March bottle body so as to enable the plane of the air outlet hole on the air outlet flat plate to be flush with the target water level line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through the arrangement of the structures such as the vertical rod, the bearing flat plate, the clamp groove of the Mariotte bottle, the weighing sensor and the digital display paperless recorder, the weighing sensor acquires weight change data of the Mariotte bottle, which is caused by the flowing water, and transmits the weight change data to the digital display paperless recorder in real time, and the digital display paperless recorder records the weight change data, so that the real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the flowing water quantity of the Mariotte bottle are realized; compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the labor is effectively saved, and the water outlet flow condition of the Ma bottle can be completely and accurately recorded;
according to the invention, the handle and the universal wheel are arranged on the bracket, and the bracket can be pushed to translate in space by acting force acting on the handle, so that a soil box filled with heavy soil and a Mariotte bottle filled with water can be conveniently moved to the outdoors, and the problem that the traditional fixing system cannot meet the moving requirement of the soil box is overcome;
the March's flask is improved, the air inlet hard pipe is pulled up and down by a user to realize fine adjustment of the height of the air outlet while the sealing of the water filling port is realized, the adjustment precision can be controlled within millimeters, and further the fine adjustment of the height of a water head is realized, compared with the prior art, the March's flask does not need to be moved, the adjustment convenience is higher, the adjustment precision is easier to control, and the March's flask is safe and efficient;
according to the invention, the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe is adopted, and the plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe, so that the disturbance area of bubbles entering the Mariotte bottle can be maximized, the stirring effect on the solution is improved, the concentration of the solution in the Mariotte bottle is uniformly distributed, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-functional water infiltration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2-1 is a schematic view of the connection between the vertical bar and the load-bearing plate of the bracket of the present invention;
FIG. 2-2 is a schematic structural view of a square Marshall bottle slot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2-3 are schematic structural views of a circular mahalanobis bottle neck in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
2-4 are schematic structural diagrams of the front side of the digital display paperless recorder according to the embodiment of the invention;
2-5 are schematic structural views of the back of the digital display paperless recorder according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a round Marshall bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is a schematic view of the construction of a circular Mariotte bottle cap in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical March's flask cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a square March bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic view of a square Marshall bottle cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a schematic structural view of a square March's flask cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the elastic sealing plug according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-1 is a schematic structural view of a circular equidistant concentric porous outlet tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-2 is a schematic structural view of a square equidistant concentric porous outlet tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an air inlet hard tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a resilient airtight gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a soil box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9-1 is a schematic view of the construction of a breathable chassis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9-2 is a schematic view of a non-breathable base panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 9-3 are schematic structural views of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 9-4 are schematic structural views of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for controlling water infiltration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-bracket, 2-March bottle, 3-soil box, 101-vertical rod, 102-bearing flat plate, 103-March bottle clamping groove, 104-weighing sensor, 105-digital display paperless recorder, 106-installation screw hole, 107-clamping groove body, 108-sleeve, 109-operation port, 110-angle adjusting rod, 111-handle, 112-universal wheel, 113-digital input panel, 114-digital output panel, 115-function key, 116-power jack, 117-power supply bin, 201-hollow chamber, 202-water filling port, 203-water outlet, 204-elastic sealing plug, 205-air inlet hard tube, 206-air outlet flat plate, 207-through hole, 208-air outlet hole, 209-equidistant concentric multi-hole air outlet tube, 210-sleeve, 211-pull ring, 212-elastic airtight gasket, 213-water outlet valve, 214-graduated scale, 215-Malpighian bottle cover, 216-Malpighian bottle cavity, 217-boss, 218-groove, 219-annular groove, 220-air inlet hole, 301-bottom plate, 302-flange, 303-box body and 304-sampling hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the technical problem of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional moisture infiltration system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, the moisture infiltration system includes a bracket 1, a mahalanobis bottle and a soil box 3; wherein:
the support 1 comprises a vertical rod 101, a bearing flat plate 102, a Mariotte bottle clamping groove 103, a weighing sensor 104 and a digital display paperless recorder 105, wherein the vertical rod 101 is vertically fixed with the bearing flat plate 102, and the Mariotte bottle clamping groove 103 and the digital display paperless recorder 105 are arranged on the vertical rod 101; the weighing sensor 104 is installed in the clamp groove 103 of the Mariotte bottle, the digital display paperless recorder 105 is used for recording weight change data of the Mariotte bottle, and the weighing sensor 104 is connected with the digital display paperless recorder 105;
the Marble bottle is placed in the Marble bottle clamping groove 103 and is positioned on the weighing sensor 104, and the Marble bottle comprises a Marble bottle body and an air inlet assembly; a hollow cavity 201 is arranged in the Malpighian bottle body, a water filling port 202 is arranged at the top end of the hollow cavity, a water outlet 203 is arranged at the lower end of the hollow cavity 201, and the hollow cavity 201 is respectively communicated with the water filling port 202 and the water outlet 203; the air intake assembly includes: an elastic sealing plug 204, an air inlet hard tube 205 and an air outlet flat plate 206 arranged in the hollow chamber 201; one end of the elastic sealing plug 204 is plugged into the water filling port 202 and has radial pressure on the water filling port 202, and the other end is provided with a through hole 207 penetrating through the elastic sealing plug 204; one end of the air inlet hard tube 205 is provided with an air inlet 220, the other end of the air inlet hard tube passes through the through hole 207 and is fixed with the air outlet flat plate 206, and the elastic sealing plug 204 has radial pressure on the air inlet hard tube 205; a plurality of air outlet holes 208 are formed in the upper end face of the air outlet flat plate 206, and the air outlet holes 208 are communicated with the air inlet hard pipe 205; the soil box 3 is placed on the bearing flat plate 102, and the upper end of the soil box 3 is communicated with the water outlet 203 through a pipeline.
Since the mahalanobis bottle is a device based on the principle of a communicating vessel to automatically replenish the soil box 3, as the water in the mahalanobis bottle flows into the soil box 3 through the water outlet 203, the weight of the mahalanobis bottle is reduced by the amount equal to the weight of the soil box 3. According to the invention, the weighing sensor 104 is arranged in the clamp groove 103 of the Mariotte bottle, so that the Mariotte bottle can be weighed, and the weight of the Mariotte bottle reduced due to water level change can be collected; the weighing sensor 104 transmits the acquired weight change data to the digital display paperless recorder 105 in real time, and the digital display paperless recorder 105 records the weight change data, so that the real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the water outflow of the Mariotte bottle are realized; compared with the prior art, the water outlet device has the advantages that the labor is effectively saved, and the water outlet flow condition of the Ma bottle can be completely and accurately recorded.
Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the elastic sealing plug 204, the air inlet hard tube 205, the air outlet flat plate 206 arranged in the hollow cavity 201 and other structures, when the water filling port 202 is sealed, a user can realize fine adjustment of the height of the air outlet 208 by pulling the air inlet hard tube 205 up and down, the adjustment precision can be controlled within millimeters, and further the fine adjustment of the water head height is realized.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2-1, a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the vertical rod 101 and the bearing plate 102 of the bracket 1 of the present invention is shown, wherein the vertical rod 101 of the bracket 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes 106, and the plurality of mounting screw holes 106 are arranged at preset intervals along the axial direction of the vertical rod 101; the mounting screw holes 106 are used for being matched with mounting bolts to fix the Mariotte bottle clamping grooves 103 at the positions of the mounting screw holes 106. The preset distance can be set to be 5cm, and the device is suitable for most of water head adjusting requirements of the Mariotte bottle; the inner diameter of the mounting screw hole 106 can be set to be 5mm, so that the connection strength of the clamp groove 103 of the Mariotte bottle and the vertical rod 101 can be ensured.
The vertical rod 101 is further provided with a handle 111, the bottom end of the bearing flat plate 102 is further provided with universal wheels 112, the upper end of each universal wheel 112 is provided with 4 screw holes, and the universal wheels 112 can be fixed at the bottom end of the bearing flat plate 102 through the connection mode of the screw holes and the bolts. The user promotes support 1 at the space translation through the effort that acts on handle 111 to this can be convenient for remove the case 3 that will fill up soil quality is heavier and the mahalanobis bottle that is full of water to the open air, has overcome traditional fixing system and can not satisfy the demand that case 3 removed.
Since the mahalanobis bottle has various shapes, correspondingly, the mahalanobis bottle slot 103 of the present invention also has various shapes, referring to fig. 2-2, a schematic structural view of the square mahalanobis bottle slot 103 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 2-3, a schematic structural view of the circular mahalanobis bottle slot 103 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. The Martensible bottle clamping groove 103 comprises a clamping groove body 107 and a sleeve 108 which are connected with each other; the upper end surface of the card slot body 107 is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the Martensible bottle passes through the opening and is arranged in the card slot body 107; an operation opening 109 is formed in one side wall of the clamping groove body 107, the water outlet 203 of the Ma bottle is opposite to the operation opening 109, the operation opening 109 is used for ensuring that a water outlet valve 213 installed at the position of the water outlet 203 has a space for normal operation, and a raw material belt can be wound at the connecting position of the water outlet valve 213 and the water outlet 203 so as to enhance the tightness of connection between the water outlet valve 213 and the water outlet 203. The sleeve 108 is sleeved on the vertical rod 101 and sequentially penetrates through the sleeve 108 and the mounting screw hole to be fixed with the vertical rod 101 through the mounting bolt. The shape of the operation opening 109 is not limited, the opening or closing of the water outlet valve 213 can be prevented, and in practice, in order to facilitate the placement and the removal of the Ma bottle, the side wall 1/4-1/3 of the opening size of the operation opening 109 of the card slot body 107 can be long. The depth of the clamping groove body 107 can be set to 1/4-1/3 of the height of the placed March bottle, and the March bottle is prevented from falling off. The clamping groove body 107 is made of high-strength transparent materials, is not easy to damage, and facilitates observation of the internal condition of the Martensis bottle. Referring to fig. 2-5, a schematic structural view of the outlet valve 213 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The weighing sensor 1044 comprises a tray panel and a signal wire, when the weighing sensor 104 is installed at the bottom in the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 103, a threading hole can be formed in the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 103, and the signal wire penetrates through the threading hole to be connected with the digital display paperless recorder 105 on the vertical rod 101.
The digital display paperless recorder 105 is an existing product on the market, and can be applied to the invention after being connected with the weighing sensor 104. Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the digital display paperless recorder 105 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 2 to 5, a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the digital display paperless recorder 105 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The front of the digital display paperless recorder 105 is provided with a digital input panel 113, a digital output panel 114 and function keys 115, and the back is provided with a power supply jack 116 and/or a power supply bin 117; the digital input panel 113 is used to set time and date and parameters (e.g., range, calibration coefficient, sampling interval, file name, etc.) corresponding to the function keys 115, and may also perform basic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The digital output panel 114 is used for displaying the weight change data of the mahalanobis bottle for the user to observe and read in real time; the function keys 115 include sampling interval, correction coefficient, data format, and data save keys. For example, by operating the function key 115 of "sampling interval", the user can set the data sampling interval reasonably according to the test time period, such as 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, etc.; by operating the function key 115 of 'correction coefficient', the user can find out a reasonable proportional relation and correct the data; the user can select a default saved data format, such as Txt or Excel format, by operating the function key 115 of "data format"; the user can read the test data through the USB interface on the digital display paperless recorder 105 through the function key 115 of 'data save'. The power jack 116 can be connected with the mains supply through a power line and is used for providing a long-time stable power supply for the digital display paperless recorder 105. The power supply compartment 117 is used for installing a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery, which is convenient for the user to use outdoors. In practice, the user may select the portable battery power for short-term testing and the power jack 116 for long-term testing.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2-4 and fig. 2-5, the digital display paperless recorder 105 of the present invention is further provided with an angle adjusting rod 110, one end of the angle adjusting rod 110 is fixed to the vertical rod 101, and the other end is hinged to the back of the digital display paperless recorder 105. The user can adjust the digital display paperless recorder 105 to a data observation angle with comfortable vision by adjusting the angle adjusting rod 110.
As shown in fig. 1, since mahalanobis bottles with different shapes are suitable for different scenes, the mahalanobis bottle in fig. 1 of the present invention also has different shapes, and referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a circular mahalanobis bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a square mahalanobis bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Specifically, the mahalanobis bottle body comprises a mahalanobis bottle cover 215 and a mahalanobis bottle cavity 216; the filling port 202 is provided on the end face of the mahalanobis bottle cap 215, and the water outlet 203 may be provided on the lower end side wall of the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216. The bottom of mah-jong bottle lid 215 is provided with round recess 218, and the top of mah-jong bottle cavity 216 is provided with round boss 217, and boss 217 and recess 218 mutually support and connect as an organic whole, and during the concrete implementation, boss 217 and recess 218 can glue or glue through ya keli, glass glue, hot melt adhesive etc. and bond through threaded connection. Preferably, hot melt adhesive bonding is used, so that the cover and the cavity can be easily separated and are not easily damaged when the inside of the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 is cleaned or parts are replaced at a later stage. After the screw connection, the connection is sealed by glass cement or other materials such as acrylic cement and vaseline, so that the connection between the mahalanobis bottle cover 215 and the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 is sealed. The invention can be beneficial to placing and replacing the air outlet flat plate 206 and cleaning the March bottle by designing the March bottle body into the structure that the March bottle cover 215 and the March bottle cavity 216 can be assembled. The design of the groove 218 and the boss 217 can enable the connection between the mahalanobis bottle cover 215 and the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 to be more tight, and the air tightness of the whole device is ensured. It should be noted that the groove 218 may also be disposed on the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216, the boss 217 may also be disposed on the mahalanobis bottle cover 215, and the positions where the groove 218 and the boss 217 are disposed are not unique, so that the mahalanobis bottle cover 215 and the mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 can be tightly combined. Referring to fig. 3-1, a schematic structural view of a circular mahalanobis bottle cap 215 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 3-2, a schematic structural view of a cylindrical mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the circular mahalanobis bottle cap 215 and the cylindrical mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 are matched with each other. Referring to fig. 4-1, a schematic structural view of a square mahalanobis bottle cover 215 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 4-2, a schematic structural view of a square mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the square mahalanobis bottle cover 215 and the square mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 are matched with each other.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, a schematic view of the elastic sealing plug 204 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The elastic sealing plug 204 is in a circular truncated cone shape and made of rubber materials, can be matched with the water filling ports 202 with different calibers, and can achieve a good sealing effect on the water filling ports 202. The diameter of the through hole 207 of the elastic sealing plug 204 is slightly smaller than that of the air inlet hard tube 205, so that the outer wall of the air inlet hard tube 205 can be extruded to realize the sealing between the outer wall of the air inlet hard tube 205 and the through hole 207, and the purpose that the external atmosphere can enter the hollow chamber 201 only through the air inlet hole 220 at the upper end of the air inlet hard tube 205 is achieved. During operation, the air inlet hard tube 205 is embedded in the elastic sealing plug 204, the elastic sealing plug 204 is taken out from the water filling port 202, water can be filled into the hollow cavity 201, the elastic sealing plug 204 is plugged in the water filling port 202, sealing of the water filling port 202 can be achieved rapidly, the number of the holes in the March's bottle body is reduced by the structure, and the whole device has the advantages of good structural stability and good air tightness.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet plate 206 includes an equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe 209 and a sleeve 210, the plurality of outlet holes 208 are uniformly distributed on the equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe 209, the outlet holes 208 are communicated with the sleeve 210, and the sleeve 210 is fixed with the inlet hard pipe 205, wherein: when the hollow chamber 201 is a cylinder, the concentric porous air outlet pipes 209 with equal intervals are circular; when the hollow chamber 201 is a prism, the equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe 209 is a polygon corresponding to the cross section of the hollow chamber 201. Referring to fig. 6-1, there is shown a schematic structural view of a circular equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe 209 according to an embodiment of the present invention; referring to fig. 6-2, a schematic structural view of a square equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe 209 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of air outlets 208 which are uniformly distributed, the disturbance area of the bubbles can be maximized, the stirring effect and efficiency in the Ma bottle are better, and the concentration of the solution in the bottle is more uniform. The invention adopts the concentric porous air outlet pipe 209 with equal space as the air outlet flat plate 206, which can reduce the whole weight of the air outlet flat plate 206 and is more convenient for moving up and down. The sleeve 210 and the air inlet hard pipe 205 can be fixed by means of bonding or screwing, the invention is not limited, and the connection stability of the sleeve 210 and the air inlet hard pipe can be ensured.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a pull ring 211 is further fixed at one end of the air inlet hard tube 205, where the air inlet hole 220 is provided, and the air inlet hole 220 is provided on the pull ring 211, which can facilitate pulling the air inlet hard tube 205 to achieve height adjustment of the air outlet hole 208. The shape of the pull ring 211 is not limited, and after the pull ring is fixed to the air inlet hard tube 205, the air outlet flat plate 206 can be conveniently lifted up towards the water filling port 202 through the air inlet hard tube 205. The pull ring 211 can be a solid tube or a hollow tube, when the pull ring 211 is a solid tube, the air inlet hole 220 is arranged at the connection position of the pull ring 211 and the air inlet hard tube 205 and communicated with the air inlet hard tube 205; when the pull ring 211 is a hollow tube, the pull ring 211 can be integrally formed with the air inlet hard tube 205 and is communicated with the air inlet hard tube 205, and at this time, the air inlet 220 can be disposed at any position of the pull ring 211. Referring to fig. 7, a schematic structural diagram of an air intake pipe 205 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which an air intake hole 220 is disposed at a connection position of a pull ring 211 and the air intake pipe 205.
In addition, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, an elastic airtight gasket 212 may be further disposed between the elastic sealing plug 204 and the water filling port 202; a ring of annular groove 219 is formed on the inner wall of the water filling port 202, the annular groove 219 is coaxial with the water filling port 202, and the elastic airtight gasket 212 is embedded in the annular groove 219. During the process of inserting the elastic sealing plug 204 into the water filling opening 202, the elastic sealing plug 204 applies a radial pressing force to the elastic airtight gasket 212, and the elastic airtight gasket 212 compresses to apply a rebound force to the elastic sealing plug 204 to press the elastic sealing plug 204, so that the sealing effect between the elastic sealing plug 204 and the water filling opening 202 can be enhanced. Referring to FIG. 8, a schematic structural diagram of a resilient hermetic gasket 212 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Referring to fig. 9, which shows a schematic structural diagram of a soil box 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the soil box 3 includes a bottom plate 301, a flange 302 and a box 303, and the box 303 is connected to the bottom plate via the flange 302, wherein the bottom plate 301 is an air-permeable bottom plate or a non-air-permeable bottom plate. Referring to fig. 9-1, which is a schematic structural view illustrating a ventilating bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ventilating bottom plate is provided with a plurality of ventilating holes, and a plurality of screw holes are formed around the ventilating bottom plate; referring to fig. 9-2, which is a schematic structural view of a non-breathable bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bottom plate 301 is provided with a plurality of screw holes; referring to fig. 9-3, which are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a flange 302 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the flange 302 is also provided with a plurality of screw holes around, and a boss 217 is disposed thereon, where the boss 217 can increase a contact area when the flange 302 is connected to a box 303. During assembly, the box body 303 is placed on the bottom plate 301, the flange 302 is sleeved on the box body 303, and then bolts sequentially penetrate through screw holes in the flange 302 and are rotatably fixed with the screw holes in the bottom plate. According to the invention, the soil box 3 is designed into a detachable structure, and the box body 303 is connected with the bottom plate by the flange 302, so that the soil and the bottom plate in the soil box 3 can be conveniently replaced. When the air-permeable bottom plate is adopted, the influence of gas resistance in the soil on water infiltration can be reduced, and the air-permeable bottom plate is suitable for carrying out a soil water-salt migration test under an exhaust condition; when the non-breathable bottom plate is adopted, gas in the soil can be prevented from escaping from the soil box 3, and the non-breathable bottom plate is suitable for carrying out soil water and salt migration test research under a non-exhaust condition.
Referring to fig. 9-4, which are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a box 303 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sampling holes 304 are formed in the soil box 3, the plurality of sampling holes 304 are arranged along an axial direction of the soil box 3, and an elastic sealing plug 204 is plugged in the sampling holes 304. The elastic sealing plug 204 of the present invention may also be a truncated cone shaped plug without a through hole 207. When the water infiltrates into the soil and reaches saturation, the elastic sealing plug 204 can prevent the water from flowing out from the sampling hole 304 of the soil box 3; when the elastic sealing plug 204 is pulled out, a user can sample the soil in the soil box 3 at different depths through the sampling holes 304 at different positions so as to study the distribution rule of the moisture and the solute in the soil.
Next, the assembly steps of the multifunctional water infiltration system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described:
the first step is as follows: the elastic airtight gasket 212 shown in fig. 8 is fitted into the annular groove 219 in the water filling port 202 of the mahalanobis bottle cap 215 shown in fig. 3-1 or 4-1, and then the truncated cone-shaped elastic sealing plug 204 shown in fig. 5 is inserted into the water filling port 202 of the mahalanobis bottle cap 215 shown in fig. 3-1 or 4-1.
The second step is that: the air inlet hard tube 205 with the pull ring 211 shown in fig. 7 is inserted into the through hole 207 of the round frustum-shaped elastic sealing plug 204 shown in fig. 5, and then one end sleeve 210 of the round equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe 209 shown in fig. 6-1 or the square equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipe 209 shown in fig. 6-2 is connected with the lower end of the air inlet hard tube 205 with the pull ring 211 shown in fig. 7.
The third step: the groove 218 on the mahalanobis bottle cover 215 shown in fig. 3-1 or fig. 4-1 is matched with the boss 217 at the upper end of the cylindrical mahalanobis bottle cavity 216 shown in fig. 3-2 or fig. 4-2, and the interface is bonded by acrylic glue.
The fourth step: and (3) wrapping the water outlet valve 213 with a raw material tape, and screwing the raw material tape into the water outlet 203 shown in the figure 3-2 or the figure 4-2, and completing the assembling of the Marshall bottle to obtain the porous air outlet Marshall bottle shown in the figure 3 or the figure 4.
The fifth step: the universal wheels 112 are mounted on the four corners of the bottom of the load-bearing plate 102 shown in fig. 2-1 by fastening bolts/nuts.
And a sixth step: a sleeve 108 at one end of the digital display paperless recorder 105 shown in fig. 2-5 penetrates through the vertical rod 101 of the support 1 shown in fig. 2-1, the height is adjusted, and the digital display paperless recorder is fastened on the support 1 through a fastening bolt/nut. Care must be taken that the installation of the recorder in this step must be earlier than the installation of the mahalanobis bottle slot 103 below.
The seventh step: the weighing sensor 104 is fastened in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove 103 of the bracket 1 shown in the figure 2-1 by fastening bolts/nuts and is connected with the digital display paperless recorder 105 shown in the figure 2-5 through a signal wire.
Eighth step: the adjustable water level, porous air outlet mahalanobis bottle shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4 is placed in the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 103 described in fig. 2-2 or fig. 2-3 and placed on the load cell 104.
The ninth step: the soil box 3 shown in fig. 9 is placed on the bearing flat plate 102 shown in fig. 2-1, and then the water outlet valve 213 at the bottom end of the mahalanobis bottle shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4 is connected with the water inlet 202 at the upper end of the soil box 3 shown in fig. 9 by using a rubber pipe, so as to finally obtain the multifunctional water infiltration system shown in fig. 1.
To solve the technical problem of the present invention, referring to fig. 10, a flowchart of steps of a water infiltration control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the method is applied to a multifunctional water infiltration system of the present invention, and the method may specifically include the following steps:
step S1001, adjusting the height according to a preset water head, and determining a target water level line on a graduated scale 214 of the Mariotte bottle body;
step S1002, pulling the air inlet hard tube 205 along the axial direction of the mahalanobis bottle body, so that the plane of the air outlet hole 208 on the air outlet flat plate 206 is flush with the target water level line.
The preset head adjustment height may refer to a head adjustment height determined after calculating an actual head loss of the mahalanobis bottle.
Through the water infiltration control method, a user can adjust the height of the air outlet hole 208 by pulling the air inlet hard pipe 205 up and down, and further adjust the height of the water head.
Next, the operation steps of the method for controlling water infiltration according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail:
the first step is as follows: and (3) adding water, closing the water outlet valve 213, pulling off the elastic sealing plug 204 at the top of the Malpighian bottle 2 (the air inlet hard tube 205 on the elastic sealing plug 204 is not required to be pulled off), and then adding water to a required height (or filling the water) through the drainage tube according to the requirement of the test water amount.
The second step is that: and (3) checking the air tightness, opening a water outlet valve 213 at the bottom end of the Malpighian bottle 2, and when the conditions are met: firstly, the air inlet hole 220 at the pull ring 211 is pressed by hand, if no water flows out from the water outlet valve 213; and secondly, when the fingers are moved, water flows out of the water outlet valve 213, which indicates that the air tightness of the Ma bottle 2 is normal, and at the moment, the water outlet valve 213 is closed.
The third step: water level adjustment: and pulling the upper pull ring 211 of the Mariotte bottle 2 according to the preset water head adjusting height, and leveling the air outlet hole 208 of the air outlet flat plate 206 with the graduated scale 214 on the outer wall of the Mariotte bottle 2 corresponding to the preset water head adjusting height, so that the water level adjustment is completed.
The fourth step: constant pressure water supply, after the test is started, a water outlet valve 213 is opened, and water flows to the soil box from a water outlet 203 of the Malpighian bottle 2 through a rubber hose. When the water level of the soil surface is level with the air outlet 208 of the Ma bottle 2, the self-water supply of the Ma bottle 2 is stopped, and when the water level of the soil surface is lower than the air outlet 208 of the Ma bottle 2, the Ma bottle 2 supplies water to the soil box again, so that the aim of supplying water at constant pressure is fulfilled finally.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The multifunctional water infiltration system and the water infiltration control method provided by the invention are described in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the structure and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional water infiltration system is characterized by comprising a bracket (1), a March's flask (2) and a soil box (3); wherein:
the support (1) comprises a vertical rod (101), a bearing flat plate (102), a mahalanobis bottle clamping groove (103), a weighing sensor (104) and a digital display paperless recorder (105), wherein the vertical rod (101) is vertically fixed with the bearing flat plate (102), and the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove (103) and the digital display paperless recorder (105) are installed on the vertical rod (101); the weighing sensor (104) is installed in the Markov bottle clamping groove (103), the digital display paperless recorder (105) is used for recording weight change data of the Markov bottle (2), and the weighing sensor (104) is connected with the digital display paperless recorder (105);
the March's bottle (2) is placed in the March's bottle clamping groove (103) and is positioned on the weighing sensor (104), and the March's bottle (2) comprises a March's bottle body and an air inlet assembly; a hollow cavity (201) is arranged in the Malpighian bottle body, a water filling port (202) is arranged at the top end of the Malpighian bottle body, a water outlet (203) is arranged at the lower end of the Malpighian bottle body, and the hollow cavity (201) is respectively communicated with the water filling port (202) and the water outlet (203);
the air intake assembly includes: the air inlet hard tube comprises an elastic sealing plug (204), an air inlet hard tube (205) and an air outlet flat plate (206) arranged in the hollow cavity (201); one end of the elastic sealing plug (204) is plugged into the water injection port (202) and has radial pressure on the water injection port (202), and the other end of the elastic sealing plug is provided with a through hole (207) penetrating through the elastic sealing plug (204); one end of the air inlet hard pipe (205) is provided with an air inlet hole (220), the other end of the air inlet hard pipe penetrates through the through hole (207) and is fixed with the air outlet flat plate (206), and the elastic sealing plug (204) has radial pressure on the air inlet hard pipe (205); a plurality of air outlet holes (208) are formed in the upper end face of the air outlet flat plate (206), and the air outlet holes (208) are communicated with the air inlet hard pipe (205);
the soil box (3) is placed on the bearing flat plate (102), and the upper end of the soil box (3) is communicated with the water outlet (203) through a pipeline.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the outlet plate (206) comprises an equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe (209) and a sleeve (210), a plurality of the outlet holes (208) are uniformly distributed on the equidistant concentric porous outlet pipe (209), the outlet holes (208) are communicated with the sleeve (210), and the sleeve (210) is fixed with the inlet hard pipe (205), wherein:
when the hollow cavity (201) is a cylinder, the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipes (209) are circular;
when the hollow chamber (201) is a prism, the equidistant concentric porous air outlet pipes (209) are polygons corresponding to the cross section of the hollow chamber (201).
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein a pull ring (211) is further fixed to one end of the air inlet hard pipe (205) where the air inlet hole (220) is arranged, and the air inlet hole (220) is arranged on the pull ring (211).
4. A system according to claim 1, wherein a resilient gas-tight gasket (212) is provided between the resilient sealing plug (204) and the water filling port (202);
a ring of annular groove (106) is formed in the inner wall of the water injection port (202), the annular groove (106) is coaxial with the water injection port (202), and the elastic airtight gasket (212) is embedded in the annular groove (106).
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the vertical rod (101) is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes, and the mounting screw holes are arranged at preset intervals along the axial direction of the vertical rod (101);
the mounting screw hole is used for being matched with a mounting bolt so as to fix the Mariotte bottle clamping groove (103) at the position of the mounting screw hole.
6. The system of claim 1 or 5, wherein the Mascara slot (103) comprises a slot body (107) and a sleeve (108) connected to each other;
the upper end surface of the clamping groove body (107) is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the Martensible bottle (2) penetrates through the opening and is arranged in the clamping groove body (107); an operation port (109) is formed in one side wall of the clamping groove body (107), a water outlet (203) of the Malpighian bottle (2) is over against the operation port (109), and the operation port (109) is used for ensuring that a water outlet valve (213) arranged at the water outlet (203) has a space for normal operation;
the sleeve (108) is sleeved on the vertical rod (101) and sequentially penetrates through the sleeve (108) and the mounting screw hole through a mounting bolt to be fixed with the vertical rod (101).
7. System according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the vertical bars (101) are provided with handles (111) and the bottom end of the load-bearing plate (102) is provided with universal wheels (112).
8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil box (3) comprises a floor (301), a flange (302) and a box (303), the box (303) being connected to the floor (301) by the flange (302), wherein the floor (301) is an air-permeable floor or a non-air-permeable floor.
9. The system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that a plurality of sampling holes (304) are arranged on the soil box (3), the sampling holes are arranged along the axial direction of the soil box (3), and the elastic sealing plug (204) is plugged at the sampling holes (304).
10. A method for controlling water infiltration, which is applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
according to a preset water head, adjusting the height, and determining a target water level line on a graduated scale (214) of the Mariotte bottle body;
pulling the air inlet hard pipe (205) along the axial direction of the Mariotte bottle body so that the plane of the air outlet holes (208) on the air outlet flat plate (206) is flush with the target water level line.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010378817.8A CN111579452A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Multifunctional water infiltration system and water infiltration control method |
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| CN202010378817.8A CN111579452A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Multifunctional water infiltration system and water infiltration control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112834556A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-25 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Constant-pressure frost heaving triaxial test device with water supplemented from top |
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2020
- 2020-05-07 CN CN202010378817.8A patent/CN111579452A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112834556A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-25 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Constant-pressure frost heaving triaxial test device with water supplemented from top |
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