CN111579260A - Performance test method of geothermal generator set - Google Patents
Performance test method of geothermal generator set Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579260A CN111579260A CN202010259191.9A CN202010259191A CN111579260A CN 111579260 A CN111579260 A CN 111579260A CN 202010259191 A CN202010259191 A CN 202010259191A CN 111579260 A CN111579260 A CN 111579260A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a performance test method of a geothermal generator set, belonging to the field of new energy power generation, and the method comprises the following steps: arranging performance test points for each part in the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set; adjusting the operating parameters of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set to rated values and keeping normal operation; after the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set operates for more than 0.5h, acquiring test data and recording the test data of each test point; the testing data are calculated to obtain the steam turbine cylinder efficiency, the working medium pump efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set, so that stable operation data of each device are collected through reasonable arrangement and installation of test points and a data collection system, the data are analyzed and calculated to obtain the unit actual thermal efficiency, and the method has important significance for guiding the unit actual operation and subsequent optimization design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy power generation, relates to a performance test of an organic working medium Rankine cycle generator set, and particularly relates to a performance test method of a geothermal generator set.
Background
Geothermal power generation is a process of utilizing underground hot water and steam as heat sources to heat organic working media, utilizing high-temperature and high-pressure working media to push a steam turbine to rotate, and further driving a generator to generate electric power. By applying the geothermal power generation technology of the organic Rankine cycle, the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and SO2 caused by the combustion of fossil fuels can be reduced, the national requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction are actively responded, and the ecological environment is protected. The geothermal power generation has rapid development speed and wide development space.
The acting working medium and the system configuration of the geothermal generator set are different from those of a conventional steam cycle generator set, so that the performance index of equipment after the unit is put into operation can be evaluated in detail for the performance test research of the geothermal generator set, the operation state of the unit can be objectively and truly reflected, and reliable support is provided for the design verification and the subsequent optimization of the unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a performance testing method for a geothermal power generating unit, so as to acquire stable operation data of each device by reasonably arranging and installing test points and a data acquisition system, analyze and calculate the data, obtain an actual thermal efficiency of the unit, and have important significance for guiding the actual operation of the unit and subsequent optimization design.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a performance test method of a geothermal generator set comprises the following steps:
arranging performance test points for each part in the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set;
adjusting the operating parameters of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set to rated values and keeping normal operation;
after the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set operates for more than 0.5h, acquiring test data and recording the test data of each test point;
and calculating the test data to obtain the steam turbine cylinder efficiency, the working medium pump efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set.
Further, the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal power generating set comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a steam turbine, an air cooling island, a working medium pump and a generator, wherein the preheater, the evaporator, the steam turbine, the air cooling island and the working medium pump are sequentially communicated to form a closed loop passage for circulation of an organic working medium, geothermal steam and geothermal water are input into a heat source side inlet of the evaporator, and a heat source side outlet of the evaporator is connected with a heat source side inlet of the preheater; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and converts the mechanical energy of the steam turbine into electric energy through the generator.
Further, each of the performance test stations is arranged as follows:
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the working medium side inlet and the working medium side outlet of the preheater, flow measuring points are respectively arranged at the working medium side inlet of the preheater, and the pressure measuring points and the temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the heat source side inlet and the heat source side outlet of the preheater;
a pressure measuring point and a temperature measuring point are arranged at a working medium side outlet of the evaporator, a heat source side inlet of the evaporator is divided into a geothermal water inlet and a geothermal steam inlet, and the pressure measuring point, the temperature measuring point and a flow measuring point are respectively arranged at the geothermal water inlet and the geothermal steam inlet;
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the steam turbine; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the air cooling island; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the working medium pump; arranging electric power measuring points on the generator;
and arranging an environment temperature measuring point and a wind speed measuring point in the environment where the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set is located.
Furthermore, the test data of each performance test point is collected through an IMP distributed data acquisition system, and the IMP distributed data acquisition system can measure various parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow required to be measured in the thermal efficiency characteristic test of the steam turbine.
Further, the calculating the test data includes: carrying out average value calculation on the recorded test data of each test point and correcting the test instrument of each test point;
acquiring flow data and enthalpy data;
the efficiency of a steam turbine cylinder, the pump efficiency of a working medium pump and the heat efficiency of the unit are calculated through the flow data and the enthalpy value data, and the economic efficiency of the unit is objectively evaluated through the efficiency of the steam turbine cylinder, the pump efficiency of the working medium pump and the heat efficiency of the unit.
Further, the flow data are calculated according to a flow calculation formula by adopting the measured differential pressure value, the medium pressure value and the temperature value; the enthalpy value data adopts the measured pressure value and temperature value, calculation is carried out according to the property of the organic working medium, and the calculation of the steam turbine cylinder efficiency, the working medium pump efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency is realized through the flow data and the enthalpy value data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the performance test method of the geothermal power generating unit disclosed by the invention, relevant performance test points are reasonably arranged in the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal power generating unit, the heat quantity entering each part of the geothermal power generating system and the electric power of the generator are obtained through measurement and calculation, and then the efficiency of a steam turbine cylinder, the efficiency of a working medium pump and the thermal efficiency of the unit are obtained through calculation, so that the economical efficiency of the geothermal power generating system can be effectively evaluated, and the economical level of the unit operation can be objectively reflected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of various performance test points in the performance test method of the geothermal generator set provided by the invention;
the drawings illustrate the following:
1-preheater, 2-evaporator, 3-steam turbine, 4-air cooling island, 5-working medium pump and 6-generator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are used for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, for objectively and truly reflecting the operation state of the unit and providing reliable support for design verification and subsequent optimization of the unit, in this embodiment, a performance test method of a geothermal power generating unit is specifically provided, a steam turbine cylinder efficiency, a working medium pump efficiency and a unit thermal efficiency are calculated by the method, and the economy of a geothermal power generating system can be effectively evaluated, the method is mainly applied to an organic working medium rankine cycle geothermal power generating unit, the organic working medium rankine cycle geothermal power generating unit comprises a preheater 1, an evaporator 2, a steam turbine 3, an air cooling island 4, a working medium pump 5 and a generator 6, the preheater 1, the evaporator 2, the steam turbine 3, the air cooling island 4 and the working medium pump 5 are sequentially communicated to form a closed loop passage for circulation of an organic working medium, geothermal steam and geothermal water are input from a heat source side inlet of the evaporator 2, the evaporator 2 heats the organic working medium by utilizing geothermal water/geothermal steam, a heat source side outlet of the evaporator 2 is connected with a heat source side inlet of the preheater 1, and the preheater 1 preheats the organic working medium by utilizing geothermal water at an outlet of the evaporator; the steam turbine 3 utilizes the heated organic working medium to do work through expansion, the steam turbine 3 is connected with the generator 6, and the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 3 is converted into electric energy through the generator 6. The specific connections are as follows:
the working medium side outlet of the evaporator 2 is connected with the inlet of a steam turbine 3, and the outlet of the steam turbine 3 is connected with the inlet of an air cooling island 4; the connection, air cooling island 4 is used for cooling the exhaust steam of steam turbine 3, and the export of air cooling island 4 is connected with the entry of working medium pump 5, and working medium pump 5 is arranged in sending liquid organic working medium lifting pressure into preheater 1, and the export of working medium pump 5 is connected with the working medium side entry of preheater 1, and the working medium side export of preheater 1 is connected with the working medium side entry of evaporimeter 2.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging performance test points for each part in the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set; the specific arrangement is as follows:
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are arranged at the working medium side inlet and outlet of the preheater 1, flow measuring points are arranged at the working medium side inlet of the preheater 1, and pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are arranged at the heat source side inlet and outlet of the preheater 1;
a pressure measuring point and a temperature measuring point are arranged at a working medium side outlet of the evaporator 2, a heat source side inlet of the evaporator 2 is divided into a geothermal water inlet and a geothermal steam inlet, and the pressure measuring point, the temperature measuring point and a flow measuring point are respectively arranged at the geothermal water inlet and the geothermal steam inlet;
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the steam turbine 3; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the air cooling island 4; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the working medium pump 5; arranging electric power measuring points on the generator 6;
and arranging an environment temperature measuring point and a wind speed measuring point in the environment where the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set is located.
(2) Adjusting the operating parameters of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set to rated values and keeping normal operation; each component is normally put into operation and each accessory device is normally operated, and any other system unrelated to the thermodynamic cycle and the flow of the fluid entering and exiting the system are strictly isolated.
(3) After the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set operates for more than 0.5h and the test instruments and the data acquisition system are confirmed to work normally, test data acquisition is carried out and test data of each test point are recorded, for example: pressure, temperature, flow, generator power, etc.; preferably, in this embodiment, the IMP distributed data acquisition system acquires test data of each performance test point.
(4) And calculating the test data to obtain the steam turbine cylinder efficiency, the working medium pump efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set. Wherein calculating the test data comprises:
1) carrying out average calculation on the recorded test data of each test point, wherein the average calculation refers to taking the arithmetic average value when measuring multiple test points (left, right, front and back) with the same parameter; and correcting the test instrument of each test point, such as: correcting the check value, the altitude difference, the atmospheric pressure, the zero position and the like;
2) acquiring flow data and enthalpy data; the flow data is calculated according to a flow calculation formula by adopting a measured differential pressure value, a medium pressure value and a temperature value and according to an adopted throttling element (the throttling element refers to a measuring device for measuring the flow), the flow calculation is calculated according to the GB/T2624.1-2006 standard, the flow calculation formula is the existing formula, and the details are not repeated; the enthalpy value data are calculated according to the properties of the organic working medium by adopting the measured pressure value and temperature value, the calculation method is the prior art, and the details are not repeated here.
3) The efficiency of a steam turbine cylinder, the pump efficiency of a working medium pump and the heat efficiency of a unit are calculated through flow data and enthalpy value data, and the specific calculation formula is expressed as follows:
a. the calculation formula (1) of the efficiency of the steam turbine cylinder is as follows:
htbn＝(H3in-H3out)/(H3in-H3outs)×100 (1)
in the formula: h istbn-steam turbine cylinder efficiency in units;
H3in-turbine inlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H3out-turbine outlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H3outsisentropic enthalpy at the turbine outlet, in kJ/kg.
b. The calculation formula (2) of the pump efficiency of the working medium pump is as follows:
hpump＝(H5outs-H5in)/(H5out-H5in)×100 (2)
in the formula: h ispump-working medium pump efficiency in units;
H5in-feed pump inlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H5out-feed water pump outlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H5outsisentropic enthalpy at the outlet of the feed pump, in kJ/kg.
c. The calculation formula (3) of the heat absorption capacity of the preheater is as follows:
Qpre＝G×(H1out-H1in) (3)
in the formula: qprePreheater heat absorption in kW;
g, the flow rate of the organic working medium is kg/s;
H1out-preheater exit enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H1inpreheater inlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg.
d. The calculation formula (4) of the heat absorption capacity of the evaporator is as follows:
Qvap＝G×(H2out-H2in) (4)
in the formula: qvap-evaporator heat absorption in kW;
g, the flow rate of the organic working medium is kg/s;
H2out-evaporator outlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg;
H2inevaporator inlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg.
e. The calculation formula (5) of the power consumption of the working medium pump is as follows:
Wpump＝G×(H5out-H5in)) (5)
in the formula: wpumpPower consumption of the working medium pump in kW;
g, the flow rate of the organic working medium is kg/s;
H5out-working medium pump outlet enthalpy, unit kJ/kg;
H5in-working medium pump inlet enthalpy, in kJ/kg.
f. The calculation formula (6) of the unit thermal efficiency is as follows:
h＝(Wgen-Wpump)/(Qpre+Qvap)×100 (6)
in the formula: h-unit thermal efficiency, unit is%;
Wgengenerator power in kW;
Wpumpthe power consumption of the working medium pump is kW.
The performance test method of the geothermal generator set is based on the performance test method provided by the invention, and is a test method provided for the thermal efficiency of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set for the first time. High-precision test instruments are reasonably arranged on all parts of the unit, and data of stable operation of the unit are acquired, so that the efficiency of a steam turbine cylinder, the efficiency of a working medium pump and the thermal efficiency of the unit are calculated, and the economic level of unit operation is objectively reflected.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A performance test method of a geothermal generator set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging performance test points for each part in the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set;
adjusting the operating parameters of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set to rated values and keeping normal operation;
after the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set operates for more than 0.5h, acquiring test data and recording the test data of each test point;
and calculating the test data to obtain the steam turbine cylinder efficiency, the working medium pump efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency of the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set.
2. The performance test method of the geothermal power generator set according to claim 1, wherein the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal power generator set comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a steam turbine, an air cooling island, a working medium pump and a power generator, wherein the preheater, the evaporator, the steam turbine, the air cooling island and the working medium pump are sequentially communicated to form a closed loop passage for circulation of the organic working medium, geothermal steam and geothermal water are input into a heat source side inlet of the evaporator, and a heat source side outlet of the evaporator is connected with a heat source side inlet of the preheater; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and converts the mechanical energy of the steam turbine into electric energy through the generator.
3. The method for testing the performance of a geothermal power generating set according to claim 2, wherein each performance test point is arranged as follows:
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the working medium side inlet and the working medium side outlet of the preheater, flow measuring points are respectively arranged at the working medium side inlet of the preheater, and the pressure measuring points and the temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the heat source side inlet and the heat source side outlet of the preheater;
a pressure measuring point and a temperature measuring point are arranged at a working medium side outlet of the evaporator, a heat source side inlet of the evaporator is divided into a geothermal water inlet and a geothermal steam inlet, and the pressure measuring point, the temperature measuring point and a flow measuring point are respectively arranged at the geothermal water inlet and the geothermal steam inlet;
pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the steam turbine; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the air cooling island; pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the working medium pump; arranging electric power measuring points on the generator;
and arranging an environment temperature measuring point and a wind speed measuring point in the environment where the organic working medium Rankine cycle geothermal generator set is located.
4. The performance test method of the geothermal generator set according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the test data of each performance test point is collected by an IMP distributed data collection system.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating test data comprises:
carrying out average value calculation on the recorded test data of each test point and correcting the test instrument of each test point;
acquiring flow data and enthalpy data;
and calculating the efficiency of a steam turbine cylinder, the pump efficiency of a working medium pump and the heat efficiency of a unit through the flow data and the enthalpy value data.
6. The performance test method of the geothermal power generating set according to claim 5, wherein the flow data is calculated according to a flow calculation formula by using a measured differential pressure value, a medium pressure value and a temperature value; and the enthalpy value data are calculated according to the properties of the organic working medium by adopting the measured pressure value and temperature value.
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Application publication date: 20200825 |
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