CN111577467A

CN111577467A - Spliced heat exchanger for high-speed air suction type engine

Info

Publication number: CN111577467A
Application number: CN202010460125.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苗辉; 王爱峰; 唐诗白; 朱江楠
Original assignee: China Aero Engine Research Institute
Current assignee: China Aero Engine Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-05-27
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-27
Also published as: CN111577467B

Abstract

The invention provides a spliced heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine, which comprises at least one transverse pipe, at least one vertical pipe and at least one joint, wherein the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe are hollow pipes, and the transverse pipe is communicated with the vertical pipe through the joint to form an internal flow passage; each horizontal tube is provided with a plurality of fins at intervals along the length direction. The cooling liquid is utilized to rapidly transfer heat to the transverse pipe, air is transversely swept to dissipate the heat through the fins, the effect of rapid heat dissipation is achieved, and the problems that an existing heat exchanger is difficult to process and poor in reliability are solved.

Description

Spliced heat exchanger for high-speed air suction type engine

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to heat exchangers, and more particularly, to a split joint heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine.

Background

The aircraft turbine engine has the characteristics of horizontal take-off and landing, reusability and high specific impulse, so that the aircraft turbine engine is the preferred scheme of a high-speed aircraft. There are two main solutions, one is the combined use of a turbine and a ramjet engine to form a combined engine (TBCC), one of the key problems of which is the gap between the maximum flying speed of the turbine and the minimum starting speed of the ramjet, called the "thrust gap"; the other method is to adopt inlet precooling, namely, the temperature of the inlet of the turbine is reduced through a precooling heat exchanger or a water spraying device, and the inlet temperature rise caused by pneumatic heating effect in high-speed flight is counteracted, so that the turbine can fly at higher speed.

The precooler is composed of 16000 thin-wall heat exchange capillary tubes, the diameter of the heat exchange capillary tube is only 0.88mm, the wall thickness is 0.04mm, and the total length reaches 20 km; the inside is supercritical helium as a coolant, with extremely high internal pressure. The heat transfer coefficient is inversely proportional to the diameter of the channel, and the reduction of the diameter of the capillary tube makes the capillary tube have extremely strong cooling capacity, but has the disadvantage of high processing difficulty, and especially puts extremely high requirements on the welding process of the capillary tube because the pressure inside the capillary tube is high on one hand, and the wall thickness of the capillary tube is extremely small on the other hand. Densely packed capillary welds present a significant challenge to the welding technique.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a spliced heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine, which includes:

a spliced heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine comprises at least one transverse pipe, at least one vertical pipe and at least one connector, wherein the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe are hollow pipes, and the transverse pipe is communicated with the vertical pipe through the connector to form an internal flow passage; each horizontal tube is provided with a plurality of fins at intervals along the length direction.

Furthermore, the widths of the fins are gradually reduced from the center of the transverse tube to the two ends of the transverse tube.

Furthermore, the length of the transverse tube is L, the length of the fin from the center of the transverse tube is a, the width of the fin is c, and c is less than or equal to 2 x (L/2-a).

Further, each fin is symmetrical by taking the transverse tube as a central axis.

Further, the length of a plurality of the fins is the same.

Furthermore, the joint comprises a joint body and at least one group of N-way interfaces arranged on the joint body, wherein N interfaces of each group of N-way interfaces are mutually communicated through a joint flow passage arranged in the joint body; n interfaces of each group of the N through interfaces are respectively arranged on N adjacent side surfaces of the joint body; wherein N is more than or equal to 2.

Further, N ═ 3.

Further, the shape of joint body is square or cuboid.

Further, the number of the N-way interfaces is two, and the N-way interfaces are arranged along the opposite angles of the joint body.

Furthermore, the transverse pipe, the vertical pipe and the fins are all mainly made of heat conducting materials, and cooling liquid flows through the internal flow channel.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross tube and heat exchanger combination of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a joint of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a perspective schematic view of a joint of the present disclosure.

The device comprises a transverse pipe 1, a vertical pipe 2, fins 3, a connector 4, a three-way connector 5 and a connector flow channel 6.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a spliced heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine comprises at least one horizontal pipe 1, at least one vertical pipe 2 and at least one joint 4, wherein the horizontal pipe 1 and the vertical pipe 2 are hollow pipes, and the horizontal pipe 1 is communicated with the vertical pipe 2 through the joint 4 to form an internal flow passage; each transverse tube 1 is provided with a plurality of fins 3 at intervals along the length direction.

In the embodiment, the fins 3 increase the effective heat dissipation area, and the heat dissipation capability of the transverse tube 1 is enhanced. In this embodiment, the horizontal tube 1, the vertical tube 2 and the fins 3 are all mainly made of a heat conducting material, preferably, metal materials such as copper, stainless steel, high-temperature alloy and aluminum alloy, or non-metal materials such as carbon fiber and graphene, or composite materials such as metal and metal composite, metal and non-metal composite, non-metal and non-metal composite are adopted to enhance the heat conducting property. Meanwhile, a coolant flows through the internal flow passage. Through the cooling liquid heat transfer speed with higher speed, improve the heat transfer effect, in this embodiment the cooling liquid can select liquid metal, water, ethylene glycol, organic working medium etc. as the cooling liquid. The liquid metal includes gallium indium alloy, potassium sodium alloy, and the like.

In the embodiment, the cooling liquid is used for rapidly transferring heat to the transverse pipe 1, air is used for transversely sweeping the fins 3 to dissipate the heat, a rapid heat dissipation effect is achieved, and the problems that an existing heat exchanger is difficult to process and poor in reliability are solved.

In this embodiment, the widths of the plurality of fins 3 decrease gradually from the central position of the horizontal tube 1 to the two ends of the horizontal tube 1. The decreasing manner may specifically conform to the following formula:

assuming that the length of the transverse tube 1 is L, the length of the fin 3 from the center of the transverse tube 1 is a, and the width of the fin 3 is c, c is less than or equal to 2 (L/2-a).

Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the fins 3 are uniformly arranged at intervals, and each of the fins 3 is symmetrical with the transverse tube 1 as a central axis. At this time, the fin 3 located at the center of the horizontal tube 1 is widest, the fins 3 located at both ends of the horizontal tube 1 are narrowest, and the width of the fin 3 is: the transverse pipe 1 is used as the bottom edge, the distance from the center of the transverse pipe 1 to the two ends of the transverse pipe 1 is uniformly reduced, and the connecting lines of the edge parts of all the fins 3 and the transverse pipe 1 form an isosceles triangle when viewed from the cross section; the isosceles right triangle is taken as the best scheme, and at this time, if the lengths of a plurality of fins 3 are the same, the transverse tube 1 and the fins 3 form a cube or a cuboid. Not only can effectively promote heat radiating area, reinforcing radiating effect, because the shape is regular moreover, be favorable to carrying on a plurality ofly according to practical application's demand violently manage 1's independent assortment, promote whole radiating efficiency.

In this embodiment, the fins 3 may be attached to the cross tube 1 by a tube expansion process or the like. Through the tube expansion process, the tube is tightly fixed due to elastic deformation of the tube, the purpose of fastening connection is achieved, the tightness of the connecting part between the fin 3 and the transverse tube 1 can be guaranteed, and therefore the transverse tube 1 can bear the pressure of internal fluid and certain tensile load, and the bearing capacity of the fin 3 is improved.

In this embodiment, the joint 4 includes a joint body and at least one group of N-port interfaces disposed on the joint body, where N ports of each group of N-port interfaces are communicated with each other through a flow passage of the joint 4 disposed in the joint body; n interfaces of each group of the N through interfaces are respectively arranged on N adjacent side surfaces of the joint body; wherein N is more than or equal to 2.

According to practical application's demand, this embodiment passes through joint 4, can make up a plurality of violently pipes 1 with a plurality of standpipe 2 to constitute different shapes, size and radiating efficiency's heat exchanger.

The joints 4 are divided into inner joints 4 and end wall joints 4 according to the number of groups of N-way joints and the like. Take the three-way interface 5 as an example, that is, when N is 3. The joint body is in a square or cuboid shape; when the joint 4 is an internal joint 4, two groups of three-way interfaces 5 are arranged on the joint body of the joint 4, and the two groups of three-way interfaces 5 are arranged along the opposite angles of the joint body; when the connector 4 is an end wall connector 4, a set of three-way connectors 5 are arranged on the connector body of the connector 4.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, the number of the horizontal tubes 1 is 4, and the number of the vertical tubes 2 is 2, for example, the horizontal tubes 1 and the vertical tubes 2 are connected by the joints 4, the size of the heat exchanger can be flexibly set according to the size of the engine space and the heat dissipation requirement, and the size of the horizontal tubes 1, the size of the vertical tubes 2, and the size of the fins 3 are selected.

After assembly, a brazing process may be performed at the connection of the horizontal tube 1 and the joint 4 and at the connection of the vertical tube 2 and the joint 4 to prevent the coolant flowing in the tube from leaking.

In this embodiment, the cross tube 1 and the vertical tube 2 are preferably circular tubes, and the length of the cross tube 1 ranges from 10 mm to 200mm and the tube diameter ranges from 2mm to 20mm according to the requirement of practical application. The thickness of the fins 3 is 0.1-2mm, the distance between two adjacent fins 3 is 0.2-2mm, the length of the vertical tube 2 is 10-200mm, and the tube diameter is 2-20 mm. The selection of the parameters can be based on the heat dissipation efficiency required by the application scene, the conditions of the material, the bearing capacity and the like of the transverse pipe 1 and the vertical pipe 2 are considered, and the appropriate parameters are selected through tests or force calculation.

In the application of the embodiment, after external air fluid passes through the air inlet channel of the engine and passes through the outer wall of the transverse pipe, the outer wall of the vertical pipe and the heat exchange surfaces of the fins 3, the temperature of the external air fluid is greatly reduced, the external air fluid enters parts of the engine, and the fluid in the internal flow channel can maximize the heat efficiency of each position of the heat exchanger.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The spliced heat exchanger for the high-speed air-breathing engine is characterized by comprising at least one transverse pipe, at least one vertical pipe and at least one connector, wherein the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe are hollow pipes, and the transverse pipe is communicated with the vertical pipe through the connector to form an internal flow passage; each horizontal tube is provided with a plurality of fins at intervals along the length direction.

2. The split-type heat exchanger for a high-speed air-breathing engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the plurality of fins decreases from the center of the cross tube to the ends of the cross tube.

3. The split-fin heat exchanger for a high-speed induction engine according to claim 2, wherein the cross tube has a length L, the fins have a length a from the center of the cross tube, and the width c of the fins is 2 x (L/2-a).

4. A split-fin heat exchanger for a high speed air breathing engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein each of the fins is symmetrical about the central axis of the cross tube.

5. A tiled heat exchanger for high speed air breathing engines according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the length of the plurality of fins is the same.

6. A split-joint heat exchanger for a high-speed induction engine according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the fitting comprises a fitting body and at least one set of N-port ports disposed on the fitting body, the N ports of each set of N-port ports being in communication with each other via a fitting flow passage disposed in the fitting body; n interfaces of each group of the N through interfaces are respectively arranged on N adjacent side surfaces of the joint body; wherein N is more than or equal to 2.

7. A split heat exchanger for a high speed air breathing engine as claimed in claim 6 wherein N-3.

8. A split-joint heat exchanger for a high speed air breathing engine according to claim 6 wherein the fitting body is in the shape of a cube or cuboid.

9. A split-joint heat exchanger for a high speed air breathing engine according to claim 6 wherein the N-pass ports are two in number and are arranged along opposite corners of the joint body.

10. A split-head heat exchanger for a high-speed induction engine according to any of claims 1-3 and 7-9, wherein the cross tubes, the risers and the fins are all made primarily of a thermally conductive material, and a coolant is circulated through the internal flow passages.