CN111574538A - D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111574538A
CN111574538A CN202010546566.XA CN202010546566A CN111574538A CN 111574538 A CN111574538 A CN 111574538A CN 202010546566 A CN202010546566 A CN 202010546566A CN 111574538 A CN111574538 A CN 111574538A
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赖文勇
高坤
林赫
闫宇
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Abstract

The invention relates to a D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material, a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a naphthothiazole quinoxaline introduced as a rigid large-plane electron acceptor structure in a closed-loop mode. A strong electron donor structure with a high HOMO energy level is selected, and intermolecular torque is enhanced through the change of the connection position, so that the separation of HOMO/LUMO energy levels is effectively enhanced. The invention provides a series of D-A type near-infrared organic light-emitting materials containing naphthothiazole quinoxaline structural units. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, simple preparation process, easily controlled reaction process, easily separated product, high yield and high purity; the material has good thermal stability, and the film state luminescence is in a near infrared region; the organic electroluminescent material has important application potential in the aspect of near infrared organic electroluminescent devices.

Description

D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of photoelectric materials and technologies, and particularly relates to a D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
However, Near-infrared Organic Light emitting diodes (NIR OLEDs) generally have the problems of relatively poor Organic Light source, limited wavelength, low efficiency and the like, so that the device performance of the OLED is far behind that of an OLED in a visible Light bandEQEOver 24%. Although the efficiency of these phosphorescent NIR OLEDs is very high, the high cost and resource shortages of noble metals such as platinum and iridium greatly limit their potential for practical applications. Therefore, it is crucial to develop efficient metal-free NIR OLEDs.
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) simultaneously collects singlet and triplet excitons in an efficient reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process, and thus can achieve a theoretical 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency (IQE). Due to the adoption of the form of intermolecular exciplex formed by the electron donor and the electron acceptor or the combination of the electron donor and the electron acceptor with high density in molecules, the overlapping of HOMO and LUMO molecular rails is reduced, and high-efficiency delayed fluorescence emission is realized. Currently, the External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) of blue, green, and red TADFOLEDs is as high as 37.5%, 31.3%, and 17.5%, respectively. In contrast, NIR TADF OLEDs still have to be improved in terms of device efficiency and color purity since the emission wavelength is inversely related to the emission efficiency of the near-infrared fluorophore.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems of the shortage of near-infrared materials, the low device efficiency of electroluminescent devices and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material, a preparation method and application thereof.
The preparation method of the near-infrared organic luminescent material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: under the conditions of light protection and nitrogen protection, the monomer 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-aminobenzene is dissolved in toluene and thionyl chloride, and the reaction is carried out for 36 hours at 70-110 ℃. Removing all solvents, adding iron powder and acetic acid into the reaction flask under the condition of keeping out of the light, and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃. After the reaction is finished, ethyl acetate and methanol are used as eluent to obtain an intermediate 1 through silica gel column purification;
the molar ratio of the iron powder to the 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-amino is 8: 1-16: 1. Adding 3-6L of thionyl chloride into each mole of 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-amino, wherein the volume ratio of toluene to thionyl chloride is 1: 1;
step two: 5, 6-dibromo acenaphthene and chromium trioxide are dissolved in acetic anhydride and react for 2 hours at 70-110 ℃. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2O, followed by the slow addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stirring at room temperature for 2-6 hours. Pouring into water, carrying out suction filtration and drying to obtain an intermediate 2;
in the second step, the molar ratio of each mole of chromium trioxide to 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene is 6: 1-12: 1, and 4-6L of acetic anhydride is added into each mole of 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene;
step three: adding an electron donor with borate group (the electron donor with borate group is provided with borate group before reaction, and the borate group can be removed as impurity after reaction), adding the intermediate 2 and phase transfer catalyst tetrabutyl ammonium hexaphosphate into 2M K2CO3And toluene, and reacting at 75-105 deg.c for 24-48 hr. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching O, extracting with dichloromethane, removing the solvent from the organic phase, and purifying the obtained solid with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane as eluent through a silica gel column to obtain an intermediate 3;
said borate group-bearingThe molar ratio of the electron donor to the intermediate 2 is 2: 1-6: 1, 30L of toluene solvent is added into each mole of the intermediate 2, and the toluene and the K are mixed2CO3The volume ratio of the aqueous solution is 3: 1;
step four: in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, dissolving the intermediate 1 synthesized in the step one and the intermediate 3 synthesized in the step three in a glacial acetic acid and chloroform solution, and reacting for 4-8 hours at 60-80 ℃. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into water. Filtering off the separated solid, washing with water and cold methanol, and purifying the obtained solid by using dichloromethane and ethyl acetate as eluent through a silica gel column to obtain the D-A type TADF material;
the molar ratio of the intermediate 1 to the intermediate 3 is 1: 1-1.5: 1, 20L of glacial acetic acid is added into each mole of the intermediate 3, and the volume ratio of chloroform to glacial acetic acid is 3: 1.
Figure BDA0002540918000000031
Wherein Ar is a strong electron donor and is one of the following structures:
Figure BDA0002540918000000032
Figure BDA0002540918000000041
the invention also aims to provide the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material prepared by the method.
The D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material can be used as an active layer material to be applied to the organic photoelectric field such as organic electroluminescent devices, organic field effect transistors or organic laser gain media.
Has the advantages that: the TADF organic luminescent material with the D-A structure can realize luminescence in red and near-infrared bands, is applied to an organic electroluminescent device, and can effectively improve the luminous efficiency of the near-infrared luminescent device, thereby showing excellent device performance; the material can be used as a stable and efficient laser gain medium material with low threshold and high gain, and is applied to organic laser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows IR-11H NMR spectrum;
FIG. 2 is a MALDI-TOF spectrum of IR-1;
FIG. 3 shows IR-21H NMR spectrum;
FIG. 4 is a MALDI-TOF spectrum of IR-2;
FIG. 5 shows IR-31H NMR spectrum;
FIG. 6 is a MALDI-TOF spectrum of IR-3;
FIG. 7 shows IR-41H NMR spectrum;
FIG. 8 is a MALDI-TOF spectrum of IR-4;
FIG. 9 shows IR-51H NMR spectrum;
FIG. 10 is a MALDI-TOF spectrum of IR-5;
FIG. 11 is the absorption spectrum of target molecule IR-1 in solution and thin film;
FIG. 12 shows fluorescence spectra of target molecule IR-1 in solution and thin film;
FIG. 13 is an absorption spectrum of the target molecule IR-1-5 in a solution state;
FIG. 14 is an emission spectrum of the target molecule IR-1 in a solution state;
FIG. 15 is a thermogravimetric analysis spectrum of the target molecule IR-1;
FIG. 16 is a graph showing a simulated energy level distribution of the target molecule IR-1.
Detailed Description
The synthesis method comprises the following steps: a rigid large planar electron acceptor structure is prepared by a closed-loop method, and the electron acceptor has thiazole quinoxaline (thiadiazole quinoxaline [1,2,5] thiadiazolo [3,4-g ] quinoxaline, abbreviated as thiadiazolo Quinoxaline (QTD), effective Non-bonded Near Organic Light-Emitting devices based on fluorine with Aggregation-Induced emission enhancement, xiaoo Du et, Chemistry of Materials, 2012,24, 2178-. Simultaneously selecting different strong electron donors Ar with high HOMO energy levels, and preparing a target compound through Suzuki coupling to form the near-infrared TADF organic luminescent material which takes the naphthothiazole quinoxaline as a rigid large plane electron acceptor and takes a strong electron group as an electron donor and has a D-A structure, wherein the material has a general structural formula shown in the following formula I:
Figure BDA0002540918000000061
wherein Ar in the formula I is a strong electron donor and is one of the following structures:
Figure BDA0002540918000000062
Figure BDA0002540918000000071
wherein, is the connection position; n is a nitrogen atom; s is a sulfur atom; o is an oxygen atom; me is methyl.
The preparation method of the near-infrared organic luminescent material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: i 1mmol of the monomer 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-aminobenzene is dissolved in 3-6mL of toluene and 3-6mL of thionyl chloride under protection of light and nitrogen, and reacted at 70-110 ℃ for 12-36 hours. Ii, removing all solvents, adding 8-16mmol of iron powder and 3-6L of acetic acid into the reaction flask under the condition of keeping out of the light, and reacting for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃. After the reaction is finished, ethyl acetate and methanol are used as eluent to obtain an intermediate 1 through silica gel column purification;
step two: iii dissolving 1mmol of 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene and 6-12mmol of chromium trioxide in 4-6mL of acetic anhydride, and reacting at 70-110 ℃ for 2 hours. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2O, followed by the slow addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stirring at room temperature for 2-6 hours. Pouring into water, carrying out suction filtration and drying to obtain an intermediate 2;
step three: iv adding 2-6mmol of an electron donor with borate groups, 1mmol of intermediate 2 and the phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium hexaphosphate to 10mL of K2CO3Mixed solution of the water solution and 30mL of toluene at 75-105 DEG CAnd reacting for 24-48 hours. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching O, extracting with dichloromethane, removing the solvent from the organic phase, and purifying the obtained solid with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane as eluent through a silica gel column to obtain an intermediate 3;
step four: v in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, 1-1.5mmol of the intermediate 1 synthesized in the step one and 1mmol of the intermediate 3 synthesized in the step three are dissolved in 20mL of glacial acetic acid and 60mL of chloroform solution and reacted for 4-8 hours at 70 ℃. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into water. Filtering out the separated solid, washing with water and cold methanol, and purifying the obtained solid by using dichloromethane and ethyl acetate as eluent through a silica gel column to obtain the near-infrared TADF organic luminescent material;
Figure BDA0002540918000000081
wherein N is a nitrogen atom; h is a hydrogen atom; s is a sulfur atom; o is an oxygen atom; br is a bromine atom.
Wherein i is Heck coupling reaction under the action of thionyl chloride; ii, carrying out reduction reaction under the action of iron powder; iii is an oxidation reaction under the action of chromium trioxide; (ii) a iv is in Pd (PPh)3)4Carrying out Suzuki coupling reaction under the catalysis; v is the Mannich reaction under the action of acetic acid.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Example 1.1:
Figure BDA0002540918000000082
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, monomers of 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-aminobenzene (5g,25.25mmol), 60mL of toluene and 60mL of thionyl chloride are added into a dry reaction bottle and reacted for 36 hours at 90 ℃. All solvents were removed and iron powder (15g,0.27mol) and 60ml acetic acid were added to the reaction flask in the dark and reacted at 80 ℃ for 4 h. Cooling to room temperatureAdding H2Quench O, extract with DCM and remove solvent to give a crude solid which is purified by column chromatography using Ethyl Acetate (EAC) and Methanol (MT) as eluent to give yellow intermediate monomer 1(3.02g, 72% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)6.74(s,2H),5.81(s,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)146.03,134.08,109.28.MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C6H6N4S,166.03;found 166.17.
Example 1.2:
Figure BDA0002540918000000091
5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene (10g,32mmol), chromium trioxide (19.2g,192mmol) and 150mL acetic anhydride were added to a dry reaction flask and reacted at 70 ℃ for 2 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2O (400mL), followed by the slow addition of the appropriate amount of concentrated HCl and stirring at room temperature for 2 h. Pouring into 200mL of water, suction filtering, and drying to obtain yellow intermediate monomer 2(8.14g, 74% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)8.35(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.96(d,J=7.5Hz,2H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C12H4Br2O2,337.86;found 337.61.
Example 1.3:
Figure BDA0002540918000000092
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, respectively adding
Figure BDA0002540918000000093
(1.8g,4.94mmol), intermediate 2(700mg,2.06mmol), Pd as catalyst (PPh)3)4(114.6mg,0.1mmol), phase transfer catalyst TBAB (64.4mg,0.2mmol) in a two-necked flask, sparged with deoxygenated 2M K2CO3The solution (20mL) and toluene solution (60mL) were reacted at 95 ℃ for 24 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching O with DCM, removing the solvent from the organic phase and coloring the solid with PE and DCM as eluentsColumn purification gave the corresponding dark red precursor 3(950mg, 69% yield).
Example 1.4:
Figure BDA0002540918000000101
precursor 3(840mg,1.26mmol), intermediate 1(255mg,1.51mmol), glacial acetic acid (25mL) and chloroform solution (75mL) were added to the reaction flask under the protection of light and reacted for 4h at 70 ℃. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into 200mL of water. The separated solid was filtered off, washed with water, cold methanol and the solid obtained was purified by column chromatography using DCM and EAC as eluent to give the corresponding red target compound IR-1(523mg, 52% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,CD2Cl2)8.85(s,2H),8.47(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.85(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),7.25(d,J=7.0Hz,16H),7.07(d,J=7.5Hz,8H),6.90(d,J=7.9Hz,4H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C54H34N6S:798.23;found:798.26.
Example 2
2.1 preparation of intermediates 1, 2.2 methods for preparation of intermediate 2 were the same as 1.1, 1.2 in example 1.
Example 2.3:
Figure BDA0002540918000000111
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, respectively adding
Figure BDA0002540918000000112
(1.2g,2.78mmol), intermediate 2(350mg,1.03mmol), Pd as catalyst (PPh)3)4(114.6mg,0.1mmol), phase transfer catalyst TBAB (64.4mg,0.2mmol) in a two-necked flask, sparged with deoxygenated 2M K2CO3The solution (10mL) and toluene solution (30mL) were reacted at 95 ℃ for 24 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Extracting with DCM, removing solvent from the organic phase to obtain solid, and purifying with column chromatography using PE and DCM as eluent to obtain corresponding dark redPrecursor 4(490mg, 67% yield).
Example 2.4:
Figure BDA0002540918000000113
precursor 4(200mg,0.22mmol), intermediate 1(41.5mg,0.25mmol), glacial acetic acid (5mL), and chloroform solution (15mL) were added to the reaction flask under the protection of light and reacted at 70 ℃ for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into 200mL of water. The separated solid was filtered off, washed with water, cold methanol and the solid obtained was purified by column chromatography using DCM and EAC as eluent to give the corresponding red target compound IR-2(143mg, 49% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)9.02(s,2H),8.63(s,2H),7.88(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.19–7.13(m,8H),6.95(d,J=8.7Hz,4H),6.87–6.77(m,12H),3.83(s,12H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C58H42N6O4S:918.30;found:918.44.
Example 3:
3.1 preparation of intermediates 1, 3.2 methods for preparation of intermediate 2 were the same as 1.1, 1.2 in example 1.
Example 3.3:
Figure BDA0002540918000000121
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, respectively adding
Figure BDA0002540918000000122
(1g,2.44mmol), intermediate 2(420mg,1.22mmol), Pd as catalyst (PPh)3)4(114.6mg,0.1mmol), phase transfer catalyst TBAB (64.4mg,0.2mmol) in a two-necked flask, sparged with deoxygenated 2M K2CO3The solution (10mL) and toluene solution (30mL) were reacted at 95 ℃ for 24 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching with DCM extraction and organic phase removal of solvent the resulting solid was purified by column chromatography using PE and DCM as eluents to give the corresponding dark red precursor 5(622mg, 68% yield).
Example 3.4:
Figure BDA0002540918000000131
precursor 5(240mg,0.28mmol), intermediate 1(45mg,0.3mmol), glacial acetic acid (5mL), and chloroform solution (15mL) were added to the reaction flask under the protection of light, and reacted at 70 ℃ for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into 200mL of water. The separated solid was filtered off, washed with water, cold methanol and the solid obtained was purified by column chromatography using DCM and EAC as eluent to give the corresponding red target compound IR-3(110mg, 46% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.99(s,2H),8.66(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),8.03(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),7.36(d,J=7.3Hz,4H),7.26(s,4H),6.80–6.72(m,8H),6.20(d,J=7.8Hz,4H),1.69(s,12H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C60H42N6S:878.32.;found:878.55.
Example 4:
4.1 preparation of intermediates 1, 4.2 methods for preparation of intermediate 2 were the same as 1.1, 1.2 in example 1.
Example 4.3:
Figure BDA0002540918000000132
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, respectively adding
Figure BDA0002540918000000133
(1g,2.6mmol), intermediate 2(350mg,1.03mmol), Pd as catalyst (PPh)3)4(114.6mg,0.1mmol), phase transfer catalyst TBAB (64.4mg,0.2mmol) in a two-necked flask, sparged with deoxygenated 2M K2CO3The solution (10mL) and toluene solution (30mL) were reacted at 95 ℃ for 24 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching with DCM extraction and organic phase removal of solvent the resulting solid was purified by column chromatography using PE and DCM as eluents to give the corresponding dark red precursor 6(460mg, 65% yield).
Example 4.4:
Figure BDA0002540918000000141
precursor 6(600mg,0.75mmol), intermediate 1(153mg,1mmol), glacial acetic acid (15mL), and chloroform solution (45mL) were added to the reaction flask, respectively, under the protection of light, and reacted at 70 ℃ for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into 200mL of water. The separated solid was filtered off, washed with water, cold methanol and the solid obtained was purified by column chromatography using DCM and EAC as eluent to give the corresponding red target compound IR-4(300mg, 61% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)9.00(s,2H),8.67(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.99(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),7.21(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),6.63–6.57(m,12H),6.01(d,J=5.9Hz,4H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd forC54H30N6O2S:826.22;found:826.42.
Example 5:
5.1 preparation of intermediates 1, 5.2 methods for preparation of intermediate 2 were the same as 1.1, 1.2 in example 1.
Example 5.3:
Figure BDA0002540918000000151
in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, respectively adding
Figure BDA0002540918000000152
(1g,2.6mmol), intermediate 2(350mg,1.03mmol), Pd as catalyst (PPh)3)4(114.6mg,0.1mmol), phase transfer catalyst TBAB (64.4mg,0.2mmol) in a two-necked flask, sparged with deoxygenated 2M K2CO3The solution (10mL) and toluene solution (30mL) were reacted at 95 ℃ for 24 h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Quenching O was extracted with DCM and the solid obtained after removal of the solvent from the organic phase was purified by column chromatography using PE and DCM as eluent to give the corresponding dark red precursor 7(440mg, 62% yield).
Example 5.4:
Figure BDA0002540918000000153
precursor 7(550mg,0.65mmol), intermediate 1(130mg,0.75mmol), glacial acetic acid (13mL), and chloroform solution (39mL) were added to the reaction flask under the protection of light, and reacted at 70 ℃ for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into 200mL of water. The separated solid was filtered off, washed with water, cold methanol and the solid obtained was purified by column chromatography using DCM and EAC as eluent to give the corresponding red target compound IR-5(240mg, 67% yield).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8.90(s,2H),8.45(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=7.8Hz,6H),7.18(d,J=7.1Hz,4H),7.02(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),6.95–6.83(m,4H),6.71–6.57(m,4H),6.04(d,J=7.8Hz,4H).MS(MALDI-TOF,m/z)[M]+Calcd for C54H30N6S3:858.17;found:858.37.
An emission spectrogram of IR-1 in the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material obtained in the experiment is shown as 12, wherein an emission peak of the IR-1 in a solution state is 617nm, an emission peak of the IR-1 in a thin film state is 690nm, and a remarkable red shift of 73nm is shown.
The solution state emission spectrum of the D-A type near infrared organic luminescent material obtained in the experiment is shown as 14, and the emission spectrum of the material solution state shows that the emission peaks are 610-710nm, wherein IR-1 is 617nm, IR-2 is 682nm, IR-3 is 617nm, IR-4 is 697nm, and IR-5 is 704 nm.
The above are embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples, and these examples are only for better understanding of the present invention, and any equivalent changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of intermediate 1
i. Carrying out Heck coupling reaction on monomer 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-aminobenzene under the action of toluene and thionyl chloride;
ii, adding acetic acid, and carrying out reduction reaction under the action of iron powder to obtain an intermediate 1;
step two: iii, carrying out oxidation reaction on 5, 6-dibromo acenaphthene in an acetic anhydride solution under the action of chromium trioxide to prepare an intermediate 2;
step three: carrying out Suzuki coupling reaction on the intermediate 2 and the electron donor with the borate group under the action of a phase transfer catalyst to prepare an intermediate 3;
step four: v, carrying out Mannich reaction on the intermediate 1 and the intermediate 3 under the action of glacial acetic acid to obtain the near-infrared TADF organic luminescent material.
2. The method for preparing the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material according to claim 1, wherein the specific reaction formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002540917990000011
wherein Ar is a strong electron donating group.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein Ar is selected from one of the following chemical structures:
Figure FDA0002540917990000021
4. a method for preparing the D-a type near-infrared organic light emitting material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: under the conditions of light protection and nitrogen protection, dissolving the monomer 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-aminobenzene in toluene and thionyl chloride, and reacting for 12-36 hours at 70-110 ℃; removing all solvents, adding iron powder and acetic acid into the reaction bottle under the condition of keeping out of the sun, and reacting for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃; after the reaction is finished, purifying by a silica gel column to obtain an intermediate 1;
step two: dissolving 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene and chromium trioxide in acetic anhydride, and reacting for 2 hours at 70-110 ℃; after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2O, then slowly adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, and stirring at room temperature for 2-6 hours; pouring into water, carrying out suction filtration and drying to obtain an intermediate 2;
step three: adding an electron donor with a borate group, intermediate 2 and a phase transfer catalyst to K2CO3Reacting for 24-48 hours at 75-105 ℃ in the mixed solution of the aqueous solution and the toluene; after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and adding H2Extracting the O quenching by using dichloromethane, removing the solvent from the organic phase, and purifying the obtained solid by using a silica gel column to obtain an intermediate 3;
step four: in the absence of light and N2Under the protection condition, dissolving the intermediate 1 synthesized in the step one and the intermediate 3 synthesized in the step three in a glacial acetic acid and chloroform solution, and reacting for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃; after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and pouring into water; filtering out the separated solid, washing and purifying by a silica gel column to obtain the D-A type organic luminescent material.
5. The preparation method of the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the molar ratio of the iron powder to the 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-amino is 8:1 to 16:1, 3 to 6L of thionyl chloride is added to each mole of the 4, 5-dinitro-1, 2-amino, and the volume ratio of the toluene to the thionyl chloride is 1: 1.
6. The preparation method of the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the molar ratio of each mole of chromium trioxide to 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene is 6: 1-12: 1, and 4-6L of acetic anhydride is added to each mole of 5, 6-dibromoacenaphthene.
7. The method for preparing the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the molar ratio of the electron donor with the borate group to the intermediate 2 is 2: 1-6: 1, and the reaction is carried out between toluene and 2MK2CO3The aqueous solution is carried out in a mixed solution with the volume ratio of 3:1, and 30L of toluene solvent is added into each mol of the intermediate 2; the phase transfer catalyst is tetrabutyl ammonium hexaphosphate Pd (PPh)3)4
8. The preparation method of the D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the molar ratio of the intermediate 1 to the intermediate 3 is 1: 1-1.5: 1, the reaction is carried out in a mixed solution composed of chloroform and glacial acetic acid according to the volume ratio of 3:1, and 20L of glacial acetic acid is added into each mole of the intermediate 3.
9. The D-A type near-infrared organic light emitting material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The D-A type near-infrared organic luminescent material as claimed in claim 9, for use in organic electroluminescent devices or organic semiconductor lasers.
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