CN111570746B - Vacuum continuous casting production equipment - Google Patents
Vacuum continuous casting production equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111570746B CN111570746B CN202010543917.1A CN202010543917A CN111570746B CN 111570746 B CN111570746 B CN 111570746B CN 202010543917 A CN202010543917 A CN 202010543917A CN 111570746 B CN111570746 B CN 111570746B
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- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 electricity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QZLJNVMRJXHARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Zr].[Cr].[Cu] QZLJNVMRJXHARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/113—Treating the molten metal by vacuum treating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
- B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
- B22D41/20—Stopper-rod operating equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum continuous casting production device, which comprises a vacuum degassing furnace, an intermediate furnace and an alloy furnace, the device comprises a crystallizer and a continuous casting machine, wherein two vacuum degassing furnaces are arranged, furnace covers and crucibles are arranged on the two vacuum degassing furnaces, an intermediate furnace sealing cover, a chute and a first plug rod are arranged on the intermediate furnace, a first base is arranged in the intermediate furnace, the first plug rod is tightly pressed with a concave hole on the first base, an alloy furnace sealing cover and a second plug rod are arranged on the alloy furnace, a second base is arranged in the alloy furnace, the bottom end of the second plug rod is tightly pressed with a concave hole on the second base, a sliding water gap is arranged in the alloy furnace, a first drainage tube is arranged at the lower end of the sliding water gap, a second drainage tube is arranged at the lower end of the second base, the crystallizer is arranged at the lower end of the alloy furnace, a temperature measuring system is movably inserted on the alloy furnace sealing cover; the invention has reasonable structural design and small loss of alloy materials, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of continuous casting equipment, in particular to vacuum continuous casting production equipment.
Background
The continuous casting process is characterized in that molten steel produced by a converter is refined by a refining furnace and then is required to be cast into steel billets of different types and different specifications. The continuous casting working section is a production process for continuously casting refined molten steel into steel billets, and the main equipment comprises a rotary table, a tundish, a crystallizer, a withdrawal and straightening unit and the like.
In the prior art, copper alloy, aluminum alloy and the like are usually smelted and cast by vacuum smelting and semi-continuous casting ingot casting or non-vacuum continuous casting; however, the two methods of melting and casting the alloy are common: 1. non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum and the like are easy to oxidize, absorb air, volatilize and absorb impurities in the smelting and casting processes, and defects such as defect segregation, shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity, inclusion and the like are generated; 2. the surface roughness of the cast ingot is poor, and the milling amount of subsequent processing is increased; 3. the solidification structures of a dummy ingot head and an ingot tail of a semi-continuous casting ingot production are uneven, a single ingot needs to be sawn to turn around the head and the tail, and the actual material utilization rate is about 90%; 4. the semi-continuous ingot casting production process is discontinuous, the production preparation time is too long, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a vacuum continuous casting production device which adopts a closed type to add inert gas to protect a smelting chamber, prevent the oxidation of a molten material and prevent impurities from being mixed into a melt.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a vacuum continuous casting production device comprises a vacuum degassing furnace, an intermediate furnace, an alloy furnace, a crystallizer and a continuous casting machine, wherein the vacuum degassing furnace comprises a first vacuum degassing furnace and a second vacuum degassing furnace which have the same structure and are arranged on the same horizontal plane, the upper ends of the first vacuum degassing furnace and the second vacuum degassing furnace are respectively provided with a first furnace cover and a second furnace cover, the interiors of the first vacuum degassing furnace and the second vacuum degassing furnace are respectively provided with a first crucible and a second crucible, and the first furnace cover and the second furnace cover are respectively provided with an observation port and a temperature measurement sampling port; the middle furnace is positioned between the first vacuum degassing furnace and the second vacuum degassing furnace and is lower than the first vacuum degassing furnace and the second vacuum degassing furnace, a middle furnace sealing cover is movably clamped at the upper end of the middle furnace, chutes are obliquely arranged on two sides of the middle furnace sealing cover, a first plug rod vertically penetrates through the middle furnace sealing cover, a first base is arranged at the bottom end inside the middle furnace, a first concave hole is formed in the first base in a penetrating manner, and the bottom end of the first plug rod can be tightly pressed with the first concave hole; the alloy furnace is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate furnace, an alloy furnace sealing cover is movably clamped at the upper end of the alloy furnace, a second plug rod vertically penetrates through the alloy furnace sealing cover, a second base is arranged at the bottom end inside the alloy furnace, a second concave hole penetrates through the second base, the bottom end of the second plug rod can be tightly pressed with the second concave hole, a sliding water gap is arranged inside the alloy furnace, the sliding water gap is fixedly connected with the bottom of the intermediate furnace and corresponds to the upper position and the lower position of the first concave hole on the first base, a first drainage tube is arranged at the lower end of the sliding water gap, a second drainage tube is arranged at the lower end of the second base, the second drainage tube is communicated with the second concave hole, a temperature measuring system is movably inserted into the alloy furnace sealing cover, and adopts a commercially; the crystallizer is arranged at the lower end of the alloy furnace and is communicated with the alloy furnace through a second drainage tube; the continuous casting machine is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer, a pull head of the continuous casting machine penetrates through the bottom of the crystallizer, and the vacuum degassing furnace, the crystallizer and the continuous casting machine are all commercially available.
Further, equal threaded connection has the swivel nut on first gag lever post and the second gag lever post, and first gag lever post and second gag lever post are respectively through the swivel nut with the sealed lid of middle stove and the sealed joint of lid of alloy stove, through setting up the swivel nut, are convenient for control the switching angle of first gag lever post and second gag lever post, and then are convenient for control the tapping volume of molten metal.
Further, the sliding nozzle includes fixed part and sliding part, fixed part and the inside equal vertical linking channel that is provided with of sliding part, middle stove bottom welded fastening have the binding steel board, the fixed part passes through bolt and binding steel board fixed connection, the sliding part slip joint is at the fixed part lower extreme, it has the mouth of a river handle to articulate in the sliding part, first drainage tube is connected with the sliding part bottom, through the sliding nozzle who sets up swing joint, is convenient for change and maintain the sliding nozzle, reduces the maintenance cost of equipment.
Furthermore, the movable sleeve is provided with a pressing ring, one end of the pressing ring is connected with the end of the second drainage tube in a clamped mode, the other end of the pressing ring is connected with the lower end of the second base in a threaded mode, the pressing ring is arranged, the second drainage tube is connected with the second base more stably and reliably, and reliable operation of the production equipment is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the joints of the first crucible and the second crucible with the first vacuum degassing furnace and the second vacuum degassing furnace are respectively provided with a tilting mechanism, the tilting mechanism adopts a stepless speed change mode, and the tilting angle and speed of the first crucible and the second crucible are controllable by arranging the tilting mechanism.
A vacuum continuous casting production process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the production equipment is connected with an external power supply, and the normal work of a system at the water, electricity, gas, hydraulic pressure and mechanical parts of the equipment is checked;
step two: respectively loading metal into a first crucible and a second crucible, covering a first furnace cover and a second furnace cover, and starting heating the metal by using the first crucible and the second crucible;
step three: covering the upper end of the intermediate furnace with an intermediate furnace sealing cover, inserting the first plug rod into the intermediate furnace sealing cover, enabling the first plug rod to move up and down on the intermediate furnace sealing cover without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the first plug rod downwards to enable the bottom end of the first plug rod to be tightly pressed with the first concave hole in the first base;
step four: welding a connecting steel plate at the bottom of the intermediate furnace, fixedly connecting a sliding water gap with the connecting steel plate through a bolt, connecting a first drainage tube at the lower end of the sliding water gap, and conducting the first drainage tube with the sliding water gap;
step five: installing and fixing the alloy furnace sealing cover on the alloy furnace, inserting the second plug rod into the alloy furnace sealing cover, enabling the second plug rod to move up and down on the alloy furnace sealing cover without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the second plug rod downwards to enable the bottom end of the second plug rod to be tightly pressed with a second concave hole in the second base;
step six: butting the second drainage tube with the bottom of a second base, and fixedly connecting the second drainage tube with the lower end of the second base through threads by using a pressing ring;
step seven: installing and fixing a temperature measurement system on a sealing cover of the alloy furnace, and starting to measure the temperature;
step eight: the puller head of the continuous casting machine rises to a proper position in the crystallizer, and a gap between the puller head and the inner wall of the crystallizer is filled with refractory materials; the refractory material is alumina or magnesia;
step nine: after molten metal in the first crucible and the second crucible is observed through observation ports on the first furnace cover and the second furnace cover respectively, temperature is measured through a temperature measurement sampling port, and degassing treatment is carried out;
step ten: opening a first furnace cover, tilting the first crucible by using a tilting mechanism, and pouring molten metal into a chute on one side of a sealing cover of the intermediate furnace;
step eleven: starting a heating power supply of the intermediate furnace, starting heating of the furnace body, rotating the first plug rod when the volume of the molten metal reaches two thirds of the volume of the intermediate furnace, so that the bottom end of the first plug rod is separated from a first concave hole on the first base, simultaneously pushing the sliding part by using the water gap handle, so that a connecting channel in the fixed part and the sliding part are conducted, and the molten metal flows into the alloy furnace through the first drainage tube;
step twelve: starting a heating power supply of the alloy furnace, starting heating of the furnace body, rotating the first stopper rod when the volume of the molten metal reaches two thirds of the volume of the alloy furnace, reducing the gap between the first stopper rod and the first concave hole, carrying out component sampling detection on the molten metal, adding alloy and adjusting components to a qualified range; detecting that the temperature of the metal liquid reaches a specified value by using a temperature measuring system, rotating the second plug rod until the bottom end can be separated from the second concave hole, and increasing the gap between the first plug rod and the first concave hole; the molten metal flows into the crystallizer through a second drainage tube; the above-mentioned acceptable ranges refer to: when the metal material is copper-chromium-zirconium alloy: 0.6-1.2% of chromium, 0.05-0.1% of zirconium and the balance of Cu; when the metal material is a copper-iron alloy, the iron content is 4.5-5.5%, and the balance is Cu;
step thirteen: when the molten metal flows into the crystallizer for a sufficient amount, starting a continuous casting machine, and starting to pull the cast ingot downwards by using a pull head;
fourteen steps: when the metal liquid in the first crucible is observed to be poured out, the second furnace cover is opened, the second crucible is tilted by using the tilting mechanism, and the metal liquid is poured into the chute on the other side of the sealing cover of the intermediate furnace;
step fifteen: tilting the first crucible to the original position, adding a new material, covering a first furnace cover, and starting heating and smelting;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: and repeating the steps, and alternately smelting and pouring by using the first crucible and the second crucible.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has reasonable structural design, adopts a closed type to add inert gas to protect the smelting chamber, prevents the oxidation of the molten material and prevents impurities from mixing into the melt; meanwhile, the casting is continuously carried out under the protection of inert gas, and the cast ingot is free of oxidation, low in loss, air hole and segregation; the device can be used for continuously producing cast ingots and synchronously sawing off the cast ingots on line; the invention also provides a vacuum continuous casting production process, which can reduce the oxidation and volatilization of the alloy to the maximum extent in the smelting process, has high continuous casting production efficiency, uniform components of the produced cast ingots, high yield, less consumption of parts easy to lose, mold saving, good adjustment of the components of the alloy after being made into master alloy liquid, good adjustment before pouring, and reduced material loss, and is particularly suitable for alloy materials easy to lose and high in value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sliding gate valve of the present invention in an open state;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sliding gate valve of the present invention in a closed state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of a second draft tube of the present invention to a second base;
wherein, 1-vacuum degassing furnace, 10-first vacuum degassing furnace, 100-first furnace cover, 101-first crucible, 102-observation port, 103-temperature measurement sampling port, 11-second vacuum degassing furnace, 110-second furnace cover, 111-second crucible, 2-intermediate furnace, 20-intermediate furnace sealing cover, 21-chute, 22-first stopper rod, 220-screw sleeve, 23-first base, 230-first concave hole, 3-alloy furnace, 30-alloy furnace sealing cover, 31-second stopper rod, 32-second base, 320-second concave hole, 33-sliding water gap, 330-fixing part, 331-sliding part, 332-connecting channel, 333-water gap handle, 34-first drainage tube, 35-second drainage tube, 36-temperature measuring system, 37-pressure ring, 4-crystallizer and 5-continuous casting machine.
Detailed Description
Example (b): a vacuum continuous casting production device as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a vacuum degassing furnace 1, an intermediate furnace 2, an alloy furnace 3, a crystallizer 4 and a continuous casting machine 5, wherein the vacuum degassing furnace 1 comprises a first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and a second vacuum degassing furnace 11, the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11 have the same structure and are arranged on the same horizontal plane, the upper ends of the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11 are respectively provided with a first furnace cover 100 and a second furnace cover 110, the insides of the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11 are respectively provided with a first crucible 101 and a second crucible 111, and the first furnace cover 100 and the second furnace cover 110 are respectively provided with an observation port 102 and a temperature measurement sampling port 103; the connection parts of the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111 with the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11 are respectively provided with a tilting mechanism, the tilting mechanisms adopt a stepless speed change mode, and the tilting angles and speeds of the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111 are controllable by arranging the tilting mechanisms;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the intermediate furnace 2 is located between the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11 and is lower than the first vacuum degassing furnace 10 and the second vacuum degassing furnace 11, an intermediate furnace sealing cover 20 is movably clamped at the upper end of the intermediate furnace 2, chutes 21 are obliquely arranged on two sides of the intermediate furnace sealing cover 20, a first plug rod 22 vertically penetrates through the intermediate furnace sealing cover 20, a threaded sleeve 220 is connected on the first plug rod 22 in a threaded manner, the first plug rod 22 is clamped with the intermediate furnace sealing cover 20 through the threaded sleeve 220, and the threaded sleeve 220 is arranged to facilitate control of the opening and closing angle of the first plug rod 22 and further facilitate control of the tapping amount of the molten metal; a first base 23 is arranged at the bottom end inside the intermediate furnace 2, a first concave hole 230 is arranged on the first base 23 in a penetrating manner, and the bottom end of the first plug rod 22 can be tightly pressed with the first concave hole 230;
as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, an alloy furnace 3 is arranged at the lower end of an intermediate furnace 2, an alloy furnace sealing cover 30 is movably clamped at the upper end of the alloy furnace 3, a second plug rod 31 vertically penetrates through the alloy furnace sealing cover 30, a second base 32 is arranged at the bottom end inside the alloy furnace 3, a second concave hole 320 penetrates through the second base 32, the bottom end of the second plug rod 31 can be tightly pressed with the second concave hole 320, a threaded sleeve 220 is connected onto the second plug rod 31 in a threaded manner, the second plug rod 31 is clamped with the alloy furnace sealing cover 30 through the threaded sleeve 220, and the opening and closing angle of the second plug rod 31 can be conveniently controlled by arranging the threaded sleeve 220, so that the liquid discharge amount of molten metal can be conveniently controlled; the inner part of the alloy furnace 3 is provided with a sliding water gap 33, the sliding water gap 33 comprises a fixing part 330 and a sliding part 331, connecting channels 332 are vertically arranged in the fixing part 330 and the sliding part 331, the bottom of the intermediate furnace 2 is fixedly welded with a connecting steel plate, the fixing part 330 is fixedly connected with the connecting steel plate through bolts, the sliding part 331 is slidably clamped at the lower end of the fixing part 330, the sliding part 331 is hinged with a water gap handle 333, a first drainage tube 35 is connected with the bottom of the sliding part 331, and the sliding water gap 33 which is movably connected is arranged, so that the sliding water gap 33 can be conveniently replaced and maintained, and the maintenance cost of equipment; the sliding water gap 33 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the intermediate furnace 2 and corresponds to the upper and lower positions of the first concave hole 230 on the first base 23, a first drainage tube 34 is arranged at the lower end of the sliding water gap 33, a second drainage tube 35 is arranged at the lower end of the second base 32, and the second drainage tube 35 is communicated with the second concave hole 320; a temperature measuring system 36 is movably inserted on the alloy furnace sealing cover 30, and the temperature measuring system 36 adopts a commercially available double platinum rhodium thermocouple thermometer; a press ring 37 is movably sleeved on the second drainage tube 35, one end of the press ring 37 is clamped with the second drainage tube 35, the other end of the press ring 37 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the second base 32, and the press ring 37 is arranged, so that the connection between the second drainage tube 35 and the second base 32 is more stable and reliable, and the reliable operation of the production equipment is ensured;
as shown in fig. 1, the crystallizer 4 is arranged at the lower end of the alloy furnace 3 and is communicated with the alloy furnace 3 through a second draft tube 35;
as shown in fig. 1, the continuous casting machine 5 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the mold 4, a pulling head of the continuous casting machine 5 penetrates through the bottom of the mold 4, and the vacuum degassing furnace 1, the mold 4 and the continuous casting machine 5 are all commercially available.
The process for casting the alloy material by utilizing the production equipment in the embodiment in the vacuum continuous casting mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the production equipment is connected with an external power supply, and the normal work of a system at the water, electricity, gas, hydraulic pressure and mechanical parts of the equipment is checked;
step two: loading metal into the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111, respectively, covering the first furnace cover 100 and the second furnace cover 110, and starting heating the metal by using the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111;
step three: covering the upper end of the intermediate furnace 2 with an intermediate furnace sealing cover 20, inserting the first plug rod 22 into the intermediate furnace sealing cover 20, enabling the first plug rod 22 to move up and down on the intermediate furnace sealing cover 20 without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the first plug rod 22 downwards to enable the bottom end of the first plug rod 22 to be tightly pressed with the first concave hole 230 on the first base 23;
step four: welding a connecting steel plate at the bottom of the intermediate furnace 2, fixedly connecting the sliding water gap 33 with the connecting steel plate through bolts, connecting a first drainage pipe 35 at the lower end of the sliding water gap 33, and communicating the first drainage pipe 35 with the sliding water gap 33;
step five: installing and fixing the alloy furnace sealing cover 30 on the alloy furnace 3, inserting the second plug rod 31 into the alloy furnace sealing cover 30, enabling the second plug rod 31 to move up and down on the alloy furnace sealing cover 30 without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the second plug rod 31 downwards to enable the bottom end of the second plug rod 31 to be tightly pressed with the second concave hole 320 on the second base 32;
step six: butting the second drainage tube 35 with the bottom of the second base 32, and fixedly connecting the second drainage tube 35 with the lower end of the second base 32 through threads by using a pressing ring 37;
step seven: installing and fixing a temperature measurement system 36 on the alloy furnace sealing cover 30, and starting to measure the temperature;
step eight: the puller head of the continuous casting machine 5 rises to a proper position in the crystallizer 4, and a gap between the puller head and the inner wall of the crystallizer 4 is filled with refractory materials; the refractory material is alumina;
step nine: after molten metal in the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111 is observed through the observation ports 102 on the first furnace cover 100 and the second furnace cover 110, respectively, temperature is measured through the temperature measuring sampling port 103, and degassing treatment is carried out;
step ten: opening the first furnace cover 100, tilting the first crucible 101 by using a tilting mechanism, and pouring molten metal into the chute 21 on one side of the sealing cover 20 of the intermediate furnace;
step eleven: starting a heating power supply of the intermediate furnace 2, starting heating of the furnace body, rotating the first plug rod 22 when the volume of the molten metal reaches two thirds of the volume of the intermediate furnace 2, so that the bottom end of the first plug rod 22 is separated from the first concave hole 230 on the first base 23, simultaneously pushing the sliding part 331 by using the water gap handle 333, conducting the connecting channel 332 in the fixing part 330 and the sliding part 331, and allowing the molten metal to flow into the alloy furnace 3 through the first drainage tube 35;
step twelve: starting a heating power supply of the alloy furnace 3, starting heating of the furnace body, rotating the first stopper rod 22 when the volume of the molten metal reaches two thirds of that of the alloy furnace 3, reducing the gap between the first stopper rod 22 and the first concave hole 230, carrying out component sampling detection on the molten metal, adding alloy and adjusting components to a qualified range; when the temperature measuring system 36 is used for detecting that the temperature of the metal liquid reaches a specified value, the second plug rod 31 is rotated to the bottom end to be separated from the second concave hole 320, and the gap between the first plug rod 22 and the first concave hole 230 is increased; the molten metal flows into the crystallizer 4 through the second draft tube 35; the above acceptable ranges refer to when the metal material is a copper chromium zirconium alloy: 1.2% of chromium, 0.1% of zirconium and the balance of Cu; when the metal material is copper-iron alloy, the iron content is 5.5 percent, and the balance is Cu;
step thirteen: when the molten metal flows into the crystallizer 4 for a sufficient amount, the continuous casting machine 5 is started, and the ingot is pulled downwards by using the pull head;
fourteen steps: when the metal liquid in the first crucible 101 is completely poured, the second furnace cover 110 is opened, the second crucible 111 is tilted by using the tilting mechanism, and the metal liquid is poured into the chute 21 on the other side of the sealing cover 20 of the intermediate furnace;
step fifteen: tilting the first crucible 101 to the original position, adding new materials, covering the first furnace cover 100, and starting heating and smelting;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: the steps are repeated, and the first crucible 101 and the second crucible 111 are used for alternate smelting and pouring.
Claims (6)
1. The vacuum continuous casting production equipment is characterized by comprising a vacuum degassing furnace (1), an intermediate furnace (2), an alloy furnace (3), a crystallizer (4) and a continuous casting machine (5), wherein the vacuum degassing furnace (1) comprises a first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and a second vacuum degassing furnace (11), the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11) are identical in structure and are arranged on the same horizontal plane, the upper ends of the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11) are respectively provided with a first furnace cover (100) and a second furnace cover (110), the insides of the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11) are respectively provided with a first crucible (101) and a second crucible (111), and the first furnace cover (100) and the second furnace cover (110) are respectively provided with an observation port (102) and a temperature measurement sampling port (103); the middle furnace (2) is positioned between the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11) and is lower than the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11), a middle furnace sealing cover (20) is movably clamped at the upper end of the middle furnace (2), chutes (21) are obliquely arranged on two sides of the middle furnace sealing cover (20), a first plug rod (22) vertically penetrates through the middle furnace sealing cover (20), a first base (23) is arranged at the bottom end inside the middle furnace (2), a first concave hole (230) penetrates through the first base (23), and the bottom end of the first plug rod (22) can be tightly pressed with the first concave hole (230); the alloy furnace (3) is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate furnace (2), an alloy furnace sealing cover (30) is movably clamped at the upper end of the alloy furnace (3), a second plug rod (31) vertically penetrates through the alloy furnace sealing cover (30), a second base (32) is arranged at the bottom inside the alloy furnace (3), a second concave hole (320) is arranged on the second base (32) in a penetrating manner, the bottom end of the second plug rod (31) can be tightly pressed with the second concave hole (320), a sliding water gap (33) is arranged inside the alloy furnace (3), the sliding water gap (33) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the intermediate furnace (2) and corresponds to the upper and lower positions of a first concave hole (230) on the first base (23), a first drainage tube (34) is arranged at the lower end of the sliding water gap (33), a second drainage tube (35) is arranged at the lower end of the second base (32), and the second drainage tube (35) is communicated with the second concave hole (320), a temperature measuring system (36) is movably inserted on the alloy furnace sealing cover (30); the crystallizer (4) is arranged at the lower end of the alloy furnace (3) and is communicated with the alloy furnace (3) through the second drainage tube (35); the continuous casting machine (5) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer (4), and a pull head of the continuous casting machine (5) penetrates through the bottom of the crystallizer (4).
2. The vacuum continuous casting production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the first plug rod (22) and the second plug rod (31) are both connected with screw sleeves (220) in a threaded manner, and the first plug rod (22) and the second plug rod (31) are respectively clamped with the intermediate furnace sealing cover (20) and the alloy furnace sealing cover (30) through the screw sleeves (220).
3. The vacuum continuous casting production equipment of claim 1, wherein the sliding nozzle (33) comprises a fixed part (330) and a sliding part (331), a connecting channel (332) is vertically arranged inside each of the fixed part (330) and the sliding part (331), a connecting steel plate is fixedly welded at the bottom of the intermediate furnace (2), the fixed part (330) is fixedly connected with the connecting steel plate through bolts, the sliding part (331) is slidably clamped at the lower end of the fixed part (330), a nozzle handle (333) is hinged on the sliding part (331), and the first drainage tube (35) is connected with the bottom of the sliding part (331).
4. The vacuum continuous casting production equipment of claim 1, characterized in that a press ring (37) is movably sleeved on the second drainage tube (35), one end of the press ring (37) is clamped with the end of the second drainage tube (35), and the other end of the press ring (37) is in threaded connection with the lower end of the second base (32).
5. The vacuum continuous casting production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the first crucible (101) and the second crucible (111) are respectively provided with a tilting mechanism at the connection part with the first vacuum degassing furnace (10) and the second vacuum degassing furnace (11), and the tilting mechanism adopts a stepless speed change mode.
6. The process for casting an alloy material by vacuum continuous casting using the production facility as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the production equipment is connected with an external power supply, and the normal work of a system at the water, electricity, gas, hydraulic pressure and mechanical parts of the equipment is checked;
step two: respectively loading metal into a first crucible (101) and a second crucible (111), covering a first furnace cover (100) and a second furnace cover (110), and starting heating the metal by using the first crucible (101) and the second crucible (111);
step three: covering an intermediate furnace sealing cover (20) at the upper end of an intermediate furnace (2), inserting a first plug rod (22) into the intermediate furnace sealing cover (20), enabling the first plug rod (22) to move up and down on the intermediate furnace sealing cover (20) without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the first plug rod (22) downwards to enable the bottom end of the first plug rod (22) to be tightly pressed with a first concave hole (230) on a first base (23);
step four: a connecting steel plate is welded at the bottom of the intermediate furnace (2), a sliding water gap (33) is fixedly connected with the connecting steel plate through a bolt, a first drainage pipe (35) is connected at the lower end of the sliding water gap (33), and the first drainage pipe (35) is communicated with the sliding water gap (33);
step five: installing and fixing an alloy furnace sealing cover (30) on an alloy furnace (3), inserting a second plug rod (31) into the alloy furnace sealing cover (30), enabling the second plug rod (31) to move up and down on the alloy furnace sealing cover (30) without clamping stagnation, and then rotating the second plug rod (31) downwards to enable the bottom end of the second plug rod (31) to be tightly pressed with a second concave hole (320) on a second base (32);
step six: butting the second drainage tube (35) with the bottom of a second base (32), and connecting and fixing the second drainage tube (35) with the lower end of the second base (32) through threads by using a pressing ring (37);
step seven: installing and fixing a temperature measurement system (36) on a sealing cover (30) of the alloy furnace, and starting to measure the temperature;
step eight: a puller of the continuous casting machine (5) rises to a proper position in the crystallizer (4), and a gap between the puller and the inner wall of the crystallizer (4) is filled with refractory materials;
step nine: after molten metal in the first crucible (101) and the second crucible (111) is observed through observation ports (102) on a first furnace cover (100) and a second furnace cover (110), temperature is measured through a temperature measuring sampling port (103), and degassing treatment is carried out;
step ten: opening a first furnace cover (100), tilting the first crucible (101) by using a tilting mechanism, and pouring molten metal into a chute (21) on one side of a sealing cover (20) of the intermediate furnace;
step eleven: a heating power supply of the intermediate furnace (2) is started, the furnace body starts to heat, when the molten metal reaches two thirds of the volume of the intermediate furnace (2), the first plug rod (22) is rotated, the bottom end of the first plug rod (22) is separated from the first concave hole (230) on the first base (23), the sliding part (331) is pushed by the water gap handle (333), the fixing part (330) is communicated with the connecting channel (332) in the sliding part (331), and the molten metal flows into the alloy furnace (3) through the first drainage tube (35);
step twelve: starting a heating power supply of the alloy furnace (3), starting heating of the furnace body, rotating the first plug rod (22) when the volume of the molten metal reaches two thirds of the volume of the alloy furnace (3), so that the gap between the first plug rod (22) and the first concave hole (230) is reduced, carrying out component sampling detection on the molten metal, and adding alloy to adjust components to a qualified range; detecting that the temperature of the metal liquid reaches a specified value by using a temperature measuring system (36), rotating the second plug rod (31) until the bottom end can be separated from the second concave hole (320), and increasing the gap between the first plug rod (22) and the first concave hole (230); the molten metal flows into the crystallizer (4) through a second drainage tube (35);
step thirteen: when the molten metal flows into the crystallizer (4) for a sufficient amount, starting a continuous casting machine (5), and starting to pull the cast ingot downwards by using a pull head;
fourteen steps: when the metal liquid in the first crucible (101) is observed to be poured out, the second furnace cover (110) is opened, the second crucible (111) is tilted by using a tilting mechanism, and the metal liquid is poured into the chute (21) on the other side of the sealing cover (20) of the intermediate furnace;
step fifteen: the first crucible (101) is tilted to the original position, new materials are added, the first furnace cover (100) is covered, and heating and smelting are started;
sixthly, the steps are as follows: and repeating the steps, and alternately melting and pouring by using the first crucible (101) and the second crucible (111).
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Effective date of registration: 20231121 Address after: 722200 room 888, No. 1, Wangyuan West Road, Xinxing Industrial Park, Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Shaanxi Sirui Fufeng advanced copper alloy Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710071 No. 60 Wei Yi Road, Yanta Industrial Park, Yanta District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee before: SIRUI ADVANCED COPPER ALLOY Co.,Ltd. |