CN111570469A - Treatment method of mercury-containing waste - Google Patents
Treatment method of mercury-containing waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111570469A CN111570469A CN202010402297.XA CN202010402297A CN111570469A CN 111570469 A CN111570469 A CN 111570469A CN 202010402297 A CN202010402297 A CN 202010402297A CN 111570469 A CN111570469 A CN 111570469A
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- mercury
- waste
- containing waste
- crushing
- reaction device
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=S QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating mercury-containing waste, which comprises the following steps: pretreating the mercury-containing waste in a spiral crushing device, adding sulfur powder into the spiral crushing reaction device, conveying the mercury-containing waste into the spiral crushing reaction device for crushing treatment, reacting the crushed mercury-containing waste with the sulfur powder, and carrying out chemical combination reaction on the mercury in the mercury-containing waste and the powder after crushing to generate mercury sulfide; conveying the pretreated mercury-containing waste into a waste scale, weighing the waste, conveying the waste into a mixing machine, adding preset amount of cement and water for curing, detecting that the waste meets the landfill standard, packaging the waste by a ton bag packaging machine, and conveying the waste to a landfill site for landfill; and waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is filtered and discharged into the atmosphere. The invention can thoroughly remove mercury substances in the mercury-containing waste and reduce the pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mercury-containing waste treatment, in particular to a method for treating mercury-containing waste.
Background
The mercury-containing waste is a toxic substance, and needs to be treated correspondingly to be landfilled, otherwise, the environment is seriously polluted. The waste containing mercury comprises a thermometer, a waste energy-saving lamp tube containing mercury, a waste sphygmomanometer and the like.
Patent No. CN201110044710.0, entitled a harmless treatment method for mercury-containing waste lamp tubes, discloses: the method comprises the steps of crushing waste lamp tubes in water, washing the crushed lamp tubes sequentially for at least three times, separating and removing mercury on the broken lamp tube pieces, separating metal and glass pieces of a lamp holder through magnetic separation, conducting the whole treatment process in a closed state in a closed connection mode, guiding overflowed water surface gas through negative pressure air draft, and discharging the gas after filtering and separating the mercury through silver-loaded activated carbon or sulfur-loaded activated carbon after washing through water and dilute nitric acid. This solution has the following drawbacks: 1. a large amount of water and dilute nitric acid are required to be added for cleaning, so that a large amount of sewage is generated, the treatment cost is high, and secondary pollution is easily caused; 2. the generated waste gas is discharged after filtering and separating mercury by using silver-loaded activated carbon or sulfur-loaded activated carbon, the generated mercury-containing waste activated carbon needs to be incinerated, and finally, mercury-containing fly ash is generated or adsorbed by the activated carbon, so that terminal disposal is difficult to ensure; 3. the equipment is difficult to operate, and the requirement on the operation technology is high because the negative pressure in the system and the washing need to be controlled to be uniform.
Patent No. CN201010115109.1, entitled method for realizing comprehensive recycling of mercury-containing waste, discloses: the method for comprehensively recycling the mercury-containing waste is provided for the heavy metal mercury-containing of the sphygmomanometer, the thermometer, the waste lamp tube and the like produced by the unit, the resident, the medical institution and the like, can be used for separating and recycling the heavy metal mercury-containing of the sphygmomanometer, the thermometer, the waste lamp tube and the like produced by the unit, the resident and the medical institution, can realize resource recycling of various contained materials, and is beneficial to environmental protection. The whole treatment process is in a negative pressure state, so that heavy metal cannot escape into the environment to cause pollution. The method consists of a feeding system, a crushing system, a buffer bin system, a vacuum heat treatment condensation recovery system and a discharging system, and the whole treatment process is in a negative pressure state, so that heavy metals cannot escape into the environment to cause pollution. This solution still has the following drawbacks: 1. vacuum heat treatment systems require a large amount of heat to be maintained at a temperature such that mercury becomes mercury vapor; 2. the process is complicated, the equipment operation is difficult, and the requirement on the operation technology is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a treatment method of mercury-containing waste, which is more thorough in treatment and reduces the pollution to the environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a treatment method of mercury-containing waste comprises the following steps:
pretreating the mercury-containing waste in a spiral crushing device, adding sulfur powder into the spiral crushing reaction device, conveying the mercury-containing waste into the spiral crushing reaction device for crushing treatment, reacting the crushed mercury-containing waste with the sulfur powder, and carrying out chemical combination reaction on the mercury in the mercury-containing waste and the powder after crushing to generate mercury sulfide;
conveying the pretreated mercury-containing waste into a waste scale, weighing the waste, conveying the waste into a mixing machine, adding preset amount of cement and water for curing, detecting that the waste meets the landfill standard, packaging the waste by a ton bag packaging machine, and conveying the waste to a landfill site for landfill;
and waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is filtered and discharged into the atmosphere.
And adding sulfur powder according to the ratio of the mercury content to the sulfur powder of 1: 1.25-2.5.
And the sulfur powder is sprayed from the side edge of the spiral crushing reaction device through a powder feeder.
The spiral crushing reaction device keeps a negative pressure state in the crushing process.
Waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is guided into a spray tower through an induced draft fan for spraying treatment, sulfur powder is conveyed into the spray tower through a powder feeder, the sulfur powder and mercury in the waste gas are subjected to chemical combination reaction to form mercury sulfide, the generated solid mercury sulfide substance is conveyed into a spiral conveyor, conveyed into a waste material scale for waste material weighing, conveyed into a mixing machine, added with preset amount of cement and water for solidification, and conveyed into a landfill site for landfill after being packaged through a ton bag packaging machine after being detected to meet the landfill standard;
and gas exhausted from the spray tower is filtered by an activated carbon adsorption device and finally exhausted outwards through an exhaust funnel.
When the solidified waste is detected again, if the mercury content exceeds a set standard, the solidified waste is sent back to the spiral crushing reaction device again to be subjected to secondary crushing reaction treatment.
The invention has the advantages of relatively simple operation, relatively thorough treatment of mercury-containing waste, discharged gas meeting the standard, difficult pollution to the atmosphere, no need of incineration treatment, reduction of environmental pollution and relatively low treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the features and technical means of the present invention, as well as the specific objects and functions attained by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the invention discloses a method for treating mercury-containing waste, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of pretreating mercury-containing waste in a spiral crushing device, adding sulfur powder into the spiral crushing reaction device, conveying the mercury-containing waste into the spiral crushing reaction device for crushing treatment, reacting the crushed mercury-containing waste with the sulfur powder, and carrying out chemical combination reaction on mercury in the mercury-containing waste and the powder after crushing to generate mercury sulfide. And sulfur powder is sprayed into the spiral crushing reaction device from the side of the spiral crushing reaction device through a powder feeder.
In the spiral crushing reaction device, the state of negative pressure needs to be kept, and the numerical value of the negative pressure can be flexibly set according to the practical application environment. In the screw crushing reaction apparatus, the following reactions mainly occur:
Hg+S=HgS ↓
after being crushed, mercury in the mercury-containing waste is subjected to chemical combination reaction with the elemental sulfur to generate mercury sulfide. It is generally necessary to determine or predict the mercury content and then to follow the mercury content: adding sulfur powder according to the proportion of the addition amount of the sulfur powder =1: 1.25-2.5. The mercury content in the mercury-containing waste can be estimated by referring to GBT 17263 performance requirement for self-ballasted fluorescent lamp for general illumination, the mercury content of energy-saving lamp below 30W can not exceed 2.5mg, the mercury content of low-mercury energy-saving lamp can not exceed 1.5mg, and the mercury content of micro-mercury energy-saving lamp can not exceed 1.0 mg.
And (3) conveying the pretreated mercury-containing waste into a waste scale, weighing the waste, conveying the waste into a mixing machine, adding preset amount of cement and water for curing, detecting that the waste meets the landfill standard, packaging the waste by a ton bag packaging machine, and conveying the waste to a landfill site for landfill.
After the pretreated mercury-containing waste is subjected to mercury content determination, when the addition ratio of the mercury content to the sulfur powder is 1: 1.25-2.0, the removal rate of mercury obtained through detection is basically stabilized at 99-99.5%. If the mercury content: when the addition ratio of the sulfur powder is 1: 2.0-2.5, the removal rate of mercury can reach 99.8%. And waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is filtered and discharged into the atmosphere.
In a spiral crushing reaction device, mercury-containing waste gas generated after crushing treatment of mercury-containing waste is guided into a spray tower through an induced draft fan for spray treatment, sulfur powder is conveyed into the spray tower through a powder feeder to enable the sulfur powder and mercury in the waste gas to generate chemical combination reaction to form mercury sulfide, generated solid mercury sulfide substances are conveyed into a spiral conveyor, conveyed into a waste material scale for waste weighing, conveyed into a mixing machine, added with preset amount of cement and water for solidification, and conveyed into a landfill site for landfill after detection and the like reach the standard of entering the landfill site, and packaged by a ton bag packaging machine.
And gas discharged from the spray tower after spray treatment is filtered by an activated carbon adsorption device and discharged to the atmosphere through an exhaust funnel after reaching the standard.
And when the solidified waste is detected again, if the mercury content exceeds a set standard, the solidified waste is returned to the spiral crushing reaction device again for secondary crushing reaction treatment.
According to the invention, the sulfur powder is added for pretreatment in the process of crushing the mercury-containing waste, and the sulfuration reaction is carried out in the process of direct crushing, so that the mercury-containing waste is pretreated, the mercury can be removed more thoroughly, and the environment is not easily polluted.
In addition, the equipment such as spiral crushing reaction device, induced draft fan, spray tower, mixer, ton bag packaging machine, screw conveyer, waste apron, powder charging machine, etc. that are referred to in this application are all the existing known equipment.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like can be made in the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments or in some of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments, but those modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like are all within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A treatment method of mercury-containing waste comprises the following steps:
pretreating the mercury-containing waste in a spiral crushing device, adding sulfur powder into the spiral crushing reaction device, conveying the mercury-containing waste into the spiral crushing reaction device for crushing treatment, reacting the crushed mercury-containing waste with the sulfur powder, and carrying out chemical combination reaction on the mercury in the mercury-containing waste and the powder after crushing to generate mercury sulfide;
conveying the pretreated mercury-containing waste into a waste scale, weighing the waste, conveying the waste into a mixing machine, adding preset amount of cement and water for curing, detecting that the waste meets the landfill standard, packaging the waste by a ton bag packaging machine, and conveying the waste to a landfill site for landfill;
and waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is filtered and discharged into the atmosphere.
2. The method for treating the mercury-containing waste according to claim 1, wherein the mercury content of the mercury-containing waste added into the spiral crushing reaction device is obtained, and the sulfur powder is added according to the proportion relationship of the mercury content and the sulfur powder being 1: 1.25-2.5.
3. The method for treating the mercury-containing waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sulfur powder is sprayed from the side of the spiral crushing reaction device by a powder feeder.
4. The method for treating mercury-containing waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spiral crushing reactor is maintained in a negative pressure state during the crushing process.
5. The method for treating the mercury-containing waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein the waste gas generated in the spiral crushing reaction device is introduced into a spray tower through an induced draft fan for spraying treatment, sulfur powder is conveyed into the spray tower through a powder feeder to enable the sulfur powder to react with mercury in the waste gas to form mercury sulfide, the generated solid mercury sulfide is conveyed into a spiral conveyor, conveyed into a waste material scale for weighing the waste material, conveyed into a mixer, added with a preset amount of cement and water for curing, and conveyed into a landfill site for landfill after being packaged by a ton bag packaging machine after being detected to meet landfill standards;
and gas exhausted from the spray tower is filtered by an activated carbon adsorption device and finally exhausted outwards through an exhaust funnel.
6. The method for treating the mercury-containing waste as claimed in claim 5, wherein the solidified waste is returned to the spiral crushing reaction device for secondary crushing reaction treatment if the mercury content exceeds a predetermined standard during secondary detection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010402297.XA CN111570469A (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Treatment method of mercury-containing waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010402297.XA CN111570469A (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Treatment method of mercury-containing waste |
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| CN111570469A true CN111570469A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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| CN202010402297.XA Pending CN111570469A (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Treatment method of mercury-containing waste |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023035587A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for removing impurity mercury from crude selenium |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0724441A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-01-27 | Shimizu Corp | Treatment of contaminated soil containing mercury or the like |
| CN201357110Y (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中蓝连海设计研究院 | Device for separating mercury from glass fragments in waste fluorescent tube fragments |
| CN105312298A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-10 | 苏州华周胶带有限公司 | Green treatment method for stable solidification of waste |
| CN206343459U (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-07-21 | 河南天辰环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of backlight lamp tube processing system |
| CN107597787A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-01-19 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of waste slag containing mercury efficient stable |
| CN109689169A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-04-26 | 奥拉诺时代 | The method of fixed mercurous waste |
-
2020
- 2020-05-13 CN CN202010402297.XA patent/CN111570469A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0724441A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-01-27 | Shimizu Corp | Treatment of contaminated soil containing mercury or the like |
| CN201357110Y (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中蓝连海设计研究院 | Device for separating mercury from glass fragments in waste fluorescent tube fragments |
| CN105312298A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-10 | 苏州华周胶带有限公司 | Green treatment method for stable solidification of waste |
| CN109689169A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-04-26 | 奥拉诺时代 | The method of fixed mercurous waste |
| CN206343459U (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-07-21 | 河南天辰环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of backlight lamp tube processing system |
| CN107597787A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-01-19 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of waste slag containing mercury efficient stable |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023035587A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for removing impurity mercury from crude selenium |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |