CN111568529A

CN111568529A - Auxiliary positioning forceps and reduction set for fracture surgery

Info

Publication number: CN111568529A
Application number: CN202010583714.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄尔丹; 陈一帆
Original assignee: Fuzhou No2 Hospital
Current assignee: Fuzhou No2 Hospital
Priority date: 2020-06-23
Filing date: 2020-06-23
Publication date: 2020-08-25

Abstract

The invention provides a pair of positioning auxiliary forceps, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The positioning auxiliary clamp comprises a first clamp arm, a second clamp arm, a positioning mechanism and a guide mechanism; the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm are hinged with each other and are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism; the guide mechanism is arranged on the positioning mechanism; during the swinging process of the second clamp arm relative to the first clamp arm, the drill bit can always point to the midpoint position between the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm through the guide mechanism. According to the positioning auxiliary clamp, the positioning mechanism is utilized to limit the spatial position of the guide mechanism, so that a drill bit penetrating through the guide mechanism can be accurately positioned at the midpoint position between the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm, and the mounting accuracy of the anatomical plate is ensured. On the basis, the invention also provides a reduction suit for the fracture operation.

Description

Auxiliary positioning forceps and reduction set for fracture surgery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a positioning auxiliary clamp and a reduction set for fracture surgery.

Background

In the operation of fracture reduction, anatomical plates are usually used to fix the broken distal end and proximal end of the bone, so as to accurately reduce and fix the bone.

The specific operation flow of the operation is as follows: the head end of the anatomic plate is fixed to the distal end of the bone by screws, and the tail end of the anatomic plate is fixed to the proximal end of the bone by screws, so that the bone is restored and fixed to the original position.

The clinical tool for fracture reduction operation is mainly a reduction forceps, but the reduction forceps can only clamp and fix the proximal end of the skeleton, and when the anatomical plate swings around the head end of the anatomical plate on the skeleton, the anatomical plate is difficult to perceive by naked eyes. At this time, after the tail end of the anatomical plate is fixed to the proximal end of the bone, the distal end and the proximal end of the bone are displaced and cannot be restored to the original positions before fracture.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a positioning auxiliary clamp and a reduction set for fracture surgery, which are helpful for assisting observation and keeping an anatomical plate from swinging and displacing when clamping and fixing the proximal end of a bone, thereby ensuring that the distal end and the proximal end of the broken bone can be fixed and restored to the original positions.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a positioning auxiliary clamp comprises a first clamp arm, a second clamp arm, a positioning mechanism and a guide mechanism; the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm are hinged to each other, and the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism; the guide mechanism is arranged on the positioning mechanism; during the swinging process of the second clamp arm relative to the first clamp arm, the drill bit can always point to the midpoint position between the first clamp arm and the second clamp arm through the guide mechanism.

When the positioning auxiliary forceps are used, the head end of the dissection plate is fixed at the far end of the bone, and then the tail end of the dissection plate is extended to a proper position on the near end of the bone. The proximal end of the bone is now held by the first and second jawarms and the positioning mechanism is then used to position and angle the guide mechanism so that the drill bit is accurately directed to the midpoint between the first and second jawarms after passing through the guide mechanism. That is, the position of the trailing end of the anatomic plate on the proximal end of the bone can be accurately located, and even if the anatomic plate undergoes a slight displacement, the correction can be clearly found and quickly repositioned.

Further, the positioning mechanism comprises a first sling and a second sling; two ends of the first sling are respectively hinged with the first tong arm and the outer wall of the guide mechanism, and two ends of the second sling are respectively hinged with the second tong arm and the outer wall of the guide mechanism; the length of the first sling is equal to the length of the second sling. The technical effects are as follows: the first sling and the second sling which are equal in length can ensure that the guide mechanism is positioned in the symmetrical plane of the first tong arm and the second tong arm after the first sling and the second sling are straightened respectively.

Optionally, the first sling and the second sling may also be rigid straight rods, and are hinged to the forceps arms and the guide mechanism respectively.

Furthermore, the first sling is detachably connected with the first tong arm, and the second sling is detachably connected with the second tong arm. The technical effects are as follows: slings of different lengths may be used for different bones and different pin sleeves (to guide the drill bit). For example, the length of a sling used by a large-size locking nail sleeve is 10 centimeters, the length of a sling used by a medium-size locking nail sleeve is 6 centimeters, and the length of a sling used by a small-size locking nail sleeve is 5-8 centimeters. Optionally, the first sling may be detachably mounted in the mounting hole of the first clamp arm by being clamped by the elastic hook, and the second sling may be detachably mounted in the mounting hole of the second clamp arm by being clamped by the elastic hook.

Furthermore, the first sling is detachably connected with the guide mechanism, and the second sling is detachably connected with the guide mechanism. The technical effects are as follows: aiming at different bones and different locking nail sleeves, the guiding mechanisms with different calibers can be selected. For example, the diameter of the guide mechanism used for the large-size lock pin sleeve is 4.8 mm, the diameter of the guide mechanism used for the medium-size lock pin sleeve is 2.8 mm, and the diameter of the guide mechanism used for the small-size lock pin sleeve is 1.8 mm-2.0 mm. Alternatively, the first sling may be attached to the slot of the guiding mechanism by an anchor structure having a larger end size, and the second sling may be attached to the slot of the guiding mechanism by an anchor structure having a larger end size.

Furthermore, a first hook tooth is arranged on the first forceps arm, and a second hook tooth is arranged on the second forceps arm; the extending direction of the first hook tooth is opposite to that of the first sling, and the extending direction of the second hook tooth is opposite to that of the second sling. The technical effects are as follows: the hook tooth structure can change the contact surface of the clamping section and the skeleton from a complete plane or a curved surface into the contact of a plurality of points and points, and can further enhance the clamping and fixing effects of the clamping section on the skeleton.

Further, the first hook tooth and the second hook tooth are both arc-shaped, the free end of the first hook tooth is bent towards the second hook tooth, and the free end of the second hook tooth is bent towards the first hook tooth. The technical effects are as follows: the first hook tooth of curved, second hook tooth can realize the parcel formula centre gripping fixedly to the skeleton according to the appearance of skeleton, prevent that the near-end of the skeleton after the fracture from taking place to roll.

Optionally, the first hook tooth and the second hook tooth are both provided with a plurality of racks, and the plurality of racks on the first hook tooth and the plurality of racks on the second hook tooth are arranged in a staggered manner. The clamping device is not affected when a bone with a larger size is clamped, and the racks can be clamped in a staggered mode when the bone with a smaller size is clamped, so that the adaptability of the two hook teeth to different bones is improved.

Further, the first hook tooth is located at the free end of the first forceps arm, and the second hook tooth is located at the free end of the second forceps arm; the distance between the first hook tooth and the second hook tooth is smaller than the maximum distance between the first clamping section and the second clamping section. The technical effects are as follows: because the first hook tooth and the second hook tooth are positioned at the front end, and the distance between the first hook tooth and the second hook tooth is smaller than the distance between the first forceps arm and the second forceps arm at the tail end, the first forceps arm and the second forceps arm are preferably set to be of an oval structure with an open middle, so that the surgical incision is not blocked, and the observation of surgical staff is facilitated.

Furthermore, a locking mechanism is also arranged; the first clamp arm comprises a first clamping section and a first clamp handle which are fixedly connected, and the second clamp arm comprises a second clamping section and a second clamp handle which are fixedly connected; the first clamp arm is hinged with the second clamp arm through the connecting position of the first clamping section and the first clamping handle, and the second clamp arm is hinged with the first clamp arm through the connecting position of the second clamping section and the second clamping handle; the locking mechanism is arranged on the first clamp handle and the second clamp handle and used for limiting the first clamp arm to swing around the rotating shaft relative to the second clamp arm. The technical effects are as follows: after the locking mechanism limits the swing of the first forceps arm relative to the second forceps arm, an operator can operate with only one hand, the other hand is liberated, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Further, the locking mechanism comprises a first locking bar and a second locking bar; the first locking strip is arranged on the first clamping section, and the second locking strip is arranged on the second clamping section; when the first clamp arm swings relative to the second clamp arm, the first locking strip can be jointed and move relative to the second locking strip; the first locking strip and the second locking strip are provided with a plurality of corresponding latch teeth, and the first locking strip and the second locking strip are meshed with each other through the latch teeth. The technical effects are as follows: the first locking strip and the second locking strip realize occlusion locking through the corresponding latch, and the realization of the locking function is guaranteed on the premise that the first tong arm swings relative to the second tong arm without being influenced.

A reduction set for fracture surgery comprises a locking nail sleeve and the positioning auxiliary forceps, wherein the locking nail sleeve is arranged among the first forceps arm, the second forceps arm and the guide mechanism, and a drill bit can penetrate through the locking nail sleeve after penetrating through the guide mechanism.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the positioning auxiliary forceps and the reduction set for fracture surgery, the positioning mechanism is used for determining the position of the guide mechanism, so that a drill bit penetrating through the guide mechanism can accurately point to the midpoint position between the first forceps arm and the second forceps arm, the mounting accuracy of the anatomical plate is ensured, and the far end and the near end of a skeleton are prevented from deviating.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a positioning aid according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a positioning aid according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a first forceps arm of a positioning assistance forceps provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a third embodiment of a positioning aid forceps assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a reduction kit for fracture surgery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic operation diagram of a reduction set for fracture surgery according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 100-a first jawarm; 110-a first clamping section; 111-a first hook tooth; 120-a first clamp handle; 200-a second jawarm; 210-a second clamping section; 211-second hook teeth; 220-a second clamp handle; 300-a first sling; 400-a second sling; 500-a guide mechanism; 700-rack; 800-a locking mechanism; 801-a first locking bar; 802-a second locking bar; 803-latch.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention that are generally described and illustrated in the figures can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

The first embodiment:

FIG. 1 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a bottom view of a positioning auxiliary clamp according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a positioning auxiliary clamp, which includes a first clamp arm 100, a second clamp arm 200, a positioning mechanism and a guiding mechanism 500; the first forceps arm 100 and the second forceps arm 200 are hinged to each other, and the first forceps arm 100 and the second forceps arm 200 are respectively connected with a positioning mechanism; the guide mechanism 500 is arranged on the positioning mechanism; during the pivoting of the second jawarm 200 relative to the first jawarm 100, the drill bit can always be directed through the guide mechanism 500 to a midpoint position between the first jawarm 100 and the second jawarm 200.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the positioning mechanism includes a first sling 300 and a second sling 400; two ends of the first sling 300 are respectively hinged with the outer walls of the first tong arm 100 and the guide mechanism 500, and two ends of the second sling 400 are respectively hinged with the outer walls of the second tong arm 200 and the guide mechanism 500; the length of the first sling 300 is equal to the length of the second sling 400.

The working principle and the operation method of the positioning auxiliary clamp are as follows:

when the positioning auxiliary forceps are used, the head end of the dissection plate C is fixed at the far end of the bone B, and then the tail end of the dissection plate C extends to a proper position on the near end of the bone B. At this point, the proximal end of bone B is grasped by first and

second forceps arms

100 and 200. Then, the first sling 300 and the second sling 400 are pulled up, and since the length of the first sling 300 is equal to that of the second sling 400, the position and angle of the guide mechanism 500 can be determined, so that the drill can be accurately directed to the midpoint position between the first and second jawarms 100 and 200 after passing through the guide mechanism 500, and even if the anatomical plate C is slightly displaced, the correction can be clearly found and rapidly repositioned.

Alternatively, the first sling 300 and the second sling 400 may be rigid straight rods that are hingedly connected to the respective jawarms and the guide mechanism 500.

The first sling 300 is detachably connected to the first caliper arm 100, and the second sling 400 is detachably connected to the second caliper arm 200. Preferably, the first sling 300 can be detachably mounted by being fastened in a mounting hole of the first tong arm 100 by an elastic hook, and the second sling 400 can also be detachably mounted by being fastened in a mounting hole of the second tong arm 200 by an elastic hook. Slings of different lengths may be used for different bones B and different locking pin sleeves a (to guide the drill). For example, the length of a sling used by a large-size locking nail sleeve A is 10 centimeters, the length of a sling used by a medium-size locking nail sleeve A is 6 centimeters, and the length of a sling used by a small-size locking nail sleeve A is 5-8 centimeters.

The first sling 300 is detachably connected with the guide mechanism 500, and the second sling 400 is detachably connected with the guide mechanism 500. Preferably, the first sling 300 can be attached to the slot of the guiding mechanism 500 by a large end anchor structure, and the second sling 400 can also be attached to the slot of the guiding mechanism 500 by a large end anchor structure. Different guide mechanisms 500 with different calibers can be selected for different bones B and different locking pin sleeves a. For example, the diameter of the guide mechanism 500 for the large-size nail sleeve a is 4.8 mm, the diameter of the guide mechanism 500 for the medium-size nail sleeve a is 2.8 mm, and the diameter of the guide mechanism 500 for the small-size nail sleeve a is 1.8 mm to 2.0 mm.

Second embodiment:

FIG. 3 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a positioning aid according to a second embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a bottom view of a first forceps arm 100 of a positioning assistance forceps according to a second embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment provides a positioning auxiliary clamp, which is substantially the same as the positioning auxiliary clamp of the first embodiment, and the difference between the positioning auxiliary clamp of the present embodiment is that a first hook 111 is disposed on a first clamp arm 100, and a second hook 211 is disposed on a second clamp arm 200; the first hooking tooth 111 extends in a direction opposite to the first sling 300, and the second hooking tooth 211 extends in a direction opposite to the second sling 400.

Further, the first hook tooth 111 and the second hook tooth 211 are both arc-shaped, the free end of the first hook tooth 111 is bent toward the second hook tooth 211, and the free end of the second hook tooth 211 is bent toward the first hook tooth 111.

Further, each of the first hook tooth 111 and the second hook tooth 211 includes a plurality of racks 700, and the plurality of racks 700 on the first hook tooth 111 are staggered with the plurality of racks 700 on the second hook tooth 211.

Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first hooking tooth 111 is located at an end of the first clamping section 110 away from the rotating shaft, and the second hooking tooth 211 is located at an end of the second clamping section 210 away from the rotating shaft; the distance between the first and second hooking

teeth

111 and 211 is smaller than the maximum distance between the first and

second clamping sections

110 and 210.

The third embodiment:

FIG. 6 is a front view of a positioning aid provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a bottom view of a positioning assistance forceps according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the present embodiment provides a positioning auxiliary clamp, which is substantially the same as the positioning auxiliary clamp of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference between the positioning auxiliary clamp of the present embodiment and the positioning auxiliary clamp of the second embodiment is that a locking mechanism 800 is further provided; wherein the first jawarm 100 comprises a first clamping section 110 and a first handle 120 fixedly connected thereto, and the second jawarm 200 comprises a second clamping section 210 and a second handle 220 fixedly connected thereto; the first jawarm 100 is hingedly connected to the second jawarm 200 at the location of the connection of the first clamping section 110 to the first handle 120, and the second jawarm 200 is hingedly connected to the first jawarm 100 at the location of the connection of the second clamping section 210 to the second handle 220. A locking mechanism 800 is provided on the first and

second handles

120, 220 for limiting the swinging movement of the first jawarm 100 relative to the second jawarm 200 about the pivot axis.

The locking mechanism 800 includes a first locking bar 801 and a second locking bar 802; a first locking strip 801 is arranged on the first clamping section 110, and a second locking strip 802 is arranged on the second clamping section 210; when the first jawarm 100 swings relative to the second jawarm 200, the first locking strip 801 can engage and move relative to the second locking strip 802; a plurality of corresponding latch teeth 803 are arranged on the first locking strip 801 and the second locking strip 802, and the first locking strip 801 and the second locking strip 802 are engaged with each other through the latch teeth 803.

The fourth embodiment:

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a reduction kit for fracture surgery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is a schematic operation diagram of a reduction set for fracture surgery according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the present embodiment provides a reduction set for fracture surgery, which includes a locking nail sleeve a and the auxiliary forceps of any of the above embodiments, wherein the locking nail sleeve a is disposed between the first sling 300, the second sling 400 and the guiding mechanism 500, and can penetrate through the locking nail sleeve a after the drill passes through the guiding mechanism 500.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning auxiliary clamp is characterized by comprising a first clamp arm (100), a second clamp arm (200), a positioning mechanism and a guide mechanism (500);

the first clamp arm (100) and the second clamp arm (200) are hinged to each other, and the first clamp arm (100) and the second clamp arm (200) are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism; the guide mechanism (500) is arranged on the positioning mechanism; during the pivoting of the second gripper arm (200) relative to the first gripper arm (100), the drill can always point through the guide (500) to the center point between the first gripper arm (100) and the second gripper arm (200).

2. The positioning aid according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a first sling (300) and a second sling (400); two ends of the first sling (300) are respectively hinged with the outer walls of the first tong arm (100) and the guide mechanism (500), and two ends of the second sling (400) are respectively hinged with the outer walls of the second tong arm (200) and the guide mechanism (500); the length of the first sling (300) is equal to the length of the second sling (400).

3. The positioning aid of claim 2, wherein the first sling (300) is removably attached to the first jawarm (100) and the second sling (400) is removably attached to the second jawarm (200).

4. Positioning aid according to claim 2, characterized in that the first sling (300) is detachably connected to the guiding means (500) and the second sling (400) is detachably connected to the guiding means (500).

5. Positioning aid according to claim 2, characterized in that the first tong arm (100) is provided with a first hooking tooth (111) and the second tong arm (200) is provided with a second hooking tooth (211);

the extending direction of the first hook (111) is opposite to the extending direction of the first sling (300), and the extending direction of the second hook (211) is opposite to the extending direction of the second sling (400).

6. Positioning aid according to claim 5, characterized in that the first tooth (111) and the second tooth (211) are each arc-shaped, the free end of the first tooth (111) being curved towards the second tooth (211), and the free end of the second tooth (211) being curved towards the first tooth (111).

7. Positioning aid forceps according to claim 5, characterised in that the first hooking tooth (111) is located at the free end of the first forceps arm (100) and the second hooking tooth (211) is located at the free end of the second forceps arm (200);

the distance between the first hook tooth (111) and the second hook tooth (211) is smaller than the maximum distance between the first tong arm (100) and the second tong arm (200).

8. Positioning assistance forceps according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a locking mechanism (800) is provided;

the first clamp arm (100) comprises a first clamping section (110) and a first clamping handle (120) which are fixedly connected, and the second clamp arm (200) comprises a second clamping section (210) and a second clamping handle (220) which are fixedly connected; the first clamp arm (100) is hinged with the second clamp arm (200) through the connection position of the first clamping section (110) and the first clamping handle (120), and the second clamp arm (200) is hinged with the first clamp arm (100) through the connection position of the second clamping section (210) and the second clamping handle (220);

the locking mechanism (800) is disposed on the first handle (120) and the second handle (220) and is used for limiting the first clamp arm (100) to swing relative to the second clamp arm (200).

9. The positioning aid according to claim 8, characterized in that the locking mechanism (800) comprises a first locking bar (801) and a second locking bar (802);

the first locking strip (801) is arranged on the first clamping section (110), and the second locking strip (802) is arranged on the second clamping section (210);

when the first clamp arm (100) swings relative to the second clamp arm (200), the first locking strip (801) can be attached and move relative to the second locking strip (802);

a plurality of corresponding latch teeth (803) are arranged on the first locking strip (801) and the second locking strip (802), and the first locking strip (801) and the second locking strip (802) are mutually meshed through the latch teeth (803).

10. A reduction set for fracture surgery, comprising a nail locking sleeve and the auxiliary positioning forceps according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the nail locking sleeve is disposed between the first forceps arm (100), the second forceps arm (200) and the guide mechanism (500), and can penetrate through the nail locking sleeve after a drill bit passes through the guide mechanism (500).