CN111567844B - Tobacco leaf raw material grouping method in cigarette leaf group formula - Google Patents
Tobacco leaf raw material grouping method in cigarette leaf group formula Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/16—Classifying or aligning leaves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grouping tobacco leaf raw materials in a cigarette leaf group formula, which is used for grouping according to the leaf surface density of tobacco leaves of each grade. The invention adopts the leaf surface density index in the quality characteristics of the tobacco leaves as the key index of the grouping of the leaf group formula, overcomes the defects that the prior method mainly takes manual decision-making experience as the main part, lacks reliable sensory and chemical evaluation guide basis, and designs the key process parameters of the shredding process in a targeted manner, thereby further playing the quality level of the processing process, stabilizing and improving the quality of cigarette products; and the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves is an index which is easy to obtain results in a plurality of quality characteristics of the tobacco leaves, and has stronger operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to cigarette shred processing, in particular to a method for grouping tobacco leaves in a grouping processing process.
Background
The traditional tobacco shred preparation formula leaf component grouping method is mainly based on the sensory characteristics of tobacco leaf raw materials, and the tobacco shred preparation formula leaf components are divided according to the sensory characteristics, grades, parts and other conditions of the tobacco shred preparation formula leaf components by performing sensory evaluation on each single-grade tobacco leaf raw material. The specific process comprises the steps of taking the sensory characteristics of all single-grade tobacco leaf raw materials in the tobacco leaf formulation group as a grouping basis, combining a plurality of tobacco leaf raw materials with the same or similar style characteristics in the tobacco leaf formulation group to form the tobacco leaf formulation group, namely dividing the tobacco leaf raw materials with better aroma characteristics and relatively better other sensory characteristics into sheet drying components through sensory evaluation, and dividing the tobacco leaf raw materials with relatively flat or poor overall sensory quality characteristics into airflow drying components. The composition method has the following defects: the tobacco leaf composition is divided according to the sensory quality of the tobacco leaf raw materials as a grouping basis, the tobacco leaf raw materials contained in the tobacco leaf composition components have strong similarity on sensory characteristics and grade positions, the important role played in the process of forming and improving the functional characteristics of the tobacco leaf composition components by the complementary harmony among the tobacco leaf raw materials with different characteristics is not realized according to the grouping basis, the scientific and reasonable exertion of the potential of the tobacco leaf raw materials is not facilitated, and the richness and diversity of the tobacco leaf composition components on the aroma types are limited or reduced to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the grouping basis is mainly the sensory characteristics of the tobacco leaf raw materials, in the sensory evaluation process, subjective factors such as sensory evaluation skill difference and personal preference of evaluation personnel can seriously influence the accuracy and reliability of the grouping result, and finally, the grouping effect is greatly influenced.
According to the traditional tobacco group formula grouping method, tobacco leaves with similar sensory quality characteristics are placed in one group, but the tobacco leaves with similar sensory quality characteristics have differences in physical characteristics, such as physical indexes of tobacco leaf identity, leaf softness, moisture absorption characteristics, moisture retention performance and the like.
In recent years, research personnel in the tobacco industry develop grouping methods of different leaf group formulas: the patent (with the publication number of CN102370242A) named as 'a method for grouping tobacco leaf raw material leaf components' takes the total amount of marked conversion products of carotenoid of tobacco leaf aroma precursors, namely the total amount of volatile aroma components such as beta-ionone, alpha-ionone, isophorone, oxidized isophorone, megastigmatrienone, beta-damascenone, beta-dihydrodamascenone and the like as the grouping basis of the cigarette tobacco leaf preparation formula leaf components. A patent (publication number is CN107568779A) of a cigarette formula grouping design and processing method comprises screening auxiliary material formula raw materials, carrying out tube plate drying and airflow drying tests, determining an auxiliary material formula, designing feed liquid in a targeted manner, and dividing a leaf group formula into a basic formula and an auxiliary material formula.
The research on the grouping method of the leaf composition formula has positive significance for improving the tobacco processing level and the quality of cigarette products, but each method in the prior art has limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and improve grouping basis and a grouping method aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the original tobacco leaf grouping method in the tobacco shred making formula, and provides a tobacco leaf grouping method which gives consideration to the heat and mass transfer characteristics and the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in the tobacco shred making processing process so as to establish a tobacco leaf grouping method capable of quickly and accurately measuring values, thereby effectively guiding the cigarette processing.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
the invention relates to a method for grouping tobacco leaf raw materials in a cigarette leaf group formula, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: grouping according to the leaf surface density of tobacco leaves of each grade.
The invention is based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer characteristics and tobacco quality characteristics in the cigarette tobacco shred processing process, the tobacco leaves mainly pass through a moisture absorption process and a moisture loss process in the tobacco shred processing process, the quality stability in the tobacco shred processing process has the core point that the moisture uniformity and the consistency of loose leaf state after moisture absorption of tobacco leaves of different grades are ensured, and the moisture uniformity of the tobacco leaves of different grades after moisture dissipation is ensured, but the processing conditions of main machine equipment of key procedures in the tobacco shred processing process in the same batch production process are consistent, and because the moisture absorption performance difference exists in the tobacco leaves of different grades, the moisture content difference exists in the tobacco leaves of different grades after moisture regain and after drying, thereby influencing the stability and uniformity of the quality of the tobacco shreds in the tobacco shred processing process. According to the invention, through systematic analysis of quality characteristics such as moisture absorption speed, moisture retention performance and leaf surface density of tobacco leaves of different grades, a key index, namely the leaf surface density, representing the moisture absorption speed and the moisture retention performance of the tobacco leaves is extracted from various quality indexes of the tobacco leaves. The leaf surface density is used as a key index for representing the identity, the softness and the precision degree of the tissue structure of the tobacco leaves, and through the correlation analysis of tobacco leaf quality characteristic indexes such as the leaf surface density, the moisture absorption performance and the moisture retention performance of the tobacco leaves, the leaf surface density is in negative correlation with the moisture absorption speed of the tobacco leaves and in positive correlation with the moisture retention performance of the tobacco leaves: the higher the leaf surface density is, the more compact the leaf tissue structure is, the lower the softness of the leaf is, the slower the moisture absorption speed and the water dissipation speed of the tobacco leaves are, and the better the moisture retention performance is; on the contrary, the lower the leaf surface density is, the relative loose of the leaf tissue structure and the improved softness of the leaves, the faster the moisture absorption speed of the tobacco leaves and the faster the moisture loss speed. And the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves has certain correlation with the processing characteristics of the cut tobacco in the cut tobacco making process, such as loosening property of the leaves after loosening and moisture regaining, cutting quality in the cutting process and the like. The tobacco leaf surface density is determined as the grouping basis of the tobacco shred preparation formula leaf group, the reasonable conversion of the tobacco shred preparation formula leaf group grouping basis from the traditional tobacco leaf raw material sensory characteristic as the main to the tobacco leaf physical characteristic as the main is realized, and the grouping of the tobacco shred preparation formula leaf group is realized.
Specifically, the method for grouping the tobacco leaf raw materials in the cigarette leaf group formula comprises the following steps:
step 1, before a new cigarette product is produced and when the tobacco grade is changed according to a certain cigarette leaf group formula, detecting the leaf surface density of the tobacco of each grade by using a leaf puncher according to a leaf surface density detection method in tobacco physical detection;
step 2, grouping the leaf group formulas according to the leaf surface density detection result of the tobacco leaves:
at a leaf surface density of 89g/m2To 90g/m2The leaf surface density is less than 89g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into airflow drying groups, and the leaf surface density is more than 90g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into thin plate drying groups, and the leaf surface density is 89g/m2To 90g/m2The tobacco leaves of the middle grade are divided into an airflow drying group or a sheet drying group according to the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves of the middle grade;
step 3, designing technological parameters of a silk making process of the airflow drying group and the thin plate drying group respectively, and ensuring that the return air temperature of the thin plate drying group with higher leaf surface density in the loosening and moisture regaining process is 5-10 ℃ higher than that of the airflow drying group with lower leaf surface density;
step 4, drying the thin plate drying group with higher leaf surface density by adopting a thin plate drying process, and drying the thin plate drying group with lower leaf surface density by adopting an airflow drying process;
and 5, blending, mixing and perfuming the dried cut tobacco, rolling and packaging the cut tobacco to produce a finished cigarette product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for grouping tobacco leaf raw materials in a cigarette leaf group formula, which is characterized in that the tobacco leaves with similar physical characteristics and processing characteristics are put in the same component and the same batch for processing on the basis of fully researching the heat and mass transfer characteristics and the quality characteristics of the tobacco leaves in the cigarette tobacco shred processing process from two aspects of equipment and the tobacco leaves to be processed in the cigarette processing process, and key parameters of a loosening and moisture regaining process are respectively designed to ensure the loosening state of the tobacco leaves after moisture regaining. Most of tobacco leaves with higher leaf surface density show the characteristics of difficult moisture absorption and difficult moistening, and if the tobacco leaves of each grade cannot be moistened in the loosening and moisture regaining process, the tobacco shreds are inevitably broken in the shredding process, the structural indexes of the tobacco shreds are reduced, and the like, so that the product quality is influenced, and the tobacco shred consumption is increased. After the components are divided according to the physical characteristics of the tobacco leaves of different grades, key process parameters of each main procedure of the shredding processing are designed in a targeted manner, so that the tobacco leaves of each grade in the two components can be loosened, moistened and uniform in moisture. The processing characteristics of the thin plate drying and the air flow drying are as follows: the drying processing time of the sheet is longer, generally 3min to 5min, and the dehydration speed is relatively slow; the air flow drying processing time is shorter, generally 5s to 6s, and the dehydration speed is relatively higher. The tobacco leaves with higher leaf surface density have compact tissue structure, high content of inclusion, slow water loss speed and better moisture retention performance, and the tobacco leaves with consistent physical characteristics are dried by adopting a thin plate, so that the characteristics of raw materials and equipment processing characteristics can be fully combined, and the effect of uniform and consistent water of the tobacco leaves of all grades after drying is achieved. The tobacco leaves with lower leaf surface density have loose tissue structure, low content of inclusion, fast water loss speed and slightly insufficient moisture retention performance, and the tobacco leaves with consistent physical characteristics are dried by adopting airflow to achieve the effect of uniform and consistent water content of the tobacco leaves of all grades after drying. According to the invention, the cigarette leaf group formulas are grouped according to the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves, and key process parameters of main tobacco shred making procedures are respectively designed by combining the characteristics of the tobacco shred making processing procedure, so that the tobacco flake and tobacco shred moisture uniformity in the tobacco shred making processing procedure can be improved, the breakage in the process is reduced, the finished tobacco shred structure is improved, the quality stability of the tobacco shred is improved, and the grouping of the leaf group formulas and the cigarette processing technique are effectively guided.
The invention adopts the leaf surface density index in the quality characteristics of the tobacco leaves as the key index of the grouping of the leaf group formula, overcomes the defects that the prior method mainly takes manual decision-making experience as the main part, lacks reliable sensory and chemical evaluation guide basis, has certain artificial subjective adverse influence factors, improves the pertinence of grouping processing, designs the key process parameters in the shredding process in a pertinence manner, further exerts the quality level of the processing process, and stabilizes and improves the quality of cigarette products. And the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves is an index which is easy to obtain results in a plurality of quality characteristics of the tobacco leaves, and has stronger operability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, which are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, all terms of art are used in reference to the 2016 edition of the cigarette manufacturing Specification, written by the national tobacco agency.
Example 1
Step 1, a new product of Huangshan brand A, a product formula designer designs a leaf group formula in a laboratory, the feeding amount of each batch of the leaf group formula is 3300kg, and the leaf group formula is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 leaf set formula of Huangshan brand A
The product is a newly developed product, and the tobacco leaf grades in the leaf group formula are relatively few, namely 13 grades of tobacco leaves. The tobacco leaf sampling is carried out three continuous batches of sampling in the raw material warehouse according to each grade of tobacco leaf in the leaf group formula, and the tobacco leaf of each grade is sampled in multiple points from different tobacco packets during sampling.
And 2, respectively dampening the sampled tobacco leaves of each grade on a screen (40 meshes) placed on a constant-temperature water bath, taking 50 leaf discs from the tobacco leaves after dampening by using a leaf puncher, after all the leaf discs of each grade are manufactured, placing the tobacco leaves in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity box with the temperature of 22 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% for balancing for 48 hours, weighing, and calculating the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves of each grade. The results of leaf surface density of each grade of tobacco are shown in table 2.
Step 3, grouping the leaf group formulas according to the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves, wherein the leaf surface density is less than 89g/m2Placing into airflow drying group, and the leaf surface density is greater than 90g/m2Placing into thin plate drying group, and the leaf surface density is 89g/m2To 90g/m2The tobacco leaves in the middle grade are grouped according to the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves in the middle grade. For example, the leaf surface density of the tobacco leaves D is 89.83g/m2But the sensory quality is better, and the sheet is put in a sheet drying group; the density of the M surface of the tobacco leaf is 89.27g/M2But with slightly inferior organoleptic qualities, were placed in the air-dried group. After the tobacco leaves are divided into groups according to the rule, the airflow drying group comprises 6 grades of tobacco leaves, the feeding amount is 1400kg, and the sheet drying group comprises 7 grades of tobacco leaves, the feeding amount is 1900 kg. The specific grouping of the tobacco leaves of each grade is shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 leaf surface Density of tobacco leaf of various grades of Huangshan A formulation
TABLE 3 yellow mountain A leaf group formula grouping
And 4, verifying the leaf group formula on the silk-making line, feeding two batches of the leaf group formula of the Huangshan brand A, processing one batch in groups, and not processing the other batch in groups. The grouping processing test verifies that the two technological parameters of the component loosening and moisture regaining process are respectively designed, the loosening and moisture regaining return air temperature of the thin plate drying group is designed to be 60 ℃, and the loosening and moisture regaining return air temperature of the airflow drying group is designed to be 50 ℃. The loose moisture regaining return air temperature is designed to be 55 ℃ when the non-grouping processing test verifies. Two batch tests verify key process parameters of each main procedure in the tobacco shred making processing process and quality indexes of tobacco leaves and tobacco shreds in the tobacco shred making process, which are shown in a table 4.
Table 4 verifies the technological parameters and quality indexes of the batch silk making process
Step 5, after the two batches of tests verify that the cut tobacco is rolled and packaged, the tissue sensory quality professional judges perform internal quality comparison evaluation, and the evaluation result shows that: the grouped processed samples have smooth smoke, better aroma texture, moderate smoke concentration and better overall quality; the smoke concentration of the non-component processing sample is higher, the aroma texture is reduced, the smoke fluency is slightly poor, and the total quality is slightly poor. Overall, the sensory quality of the group processed samples was better than the non-group processed samples.
Example 2
And maintaining a leaf group formula of the Huangshan brand B product, wherein the leaf group formula accounts for 31 grades of tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are processed in groups, and the single batch feeding amount is 12000 kg. The thin plate drying group has 14 grades, and the feeding amount is 4200 kg; the pneumatic drying group comprises 17 grades, and the feeding amount is 7800 kg. The average value of the leaf surface density is 92.53g/m2. Two grades of tobacco leaves, namely tobacco leaves C and tobacco leaves D are required to be changed and respectively fed into an air flow drying group and a sheet drying group, wherein the tobacco leaves C are 400kg, the tobacco leaves D are 400kg, and the leaf surface density is 87.52g/m2And 91.63g/m2. The tobacco E and the tobacco F are used for replacing the two grades of tobacco, and the leaf surface densities of the tobacco E and the tobacco F are 88.71g/m respectively2And 93.65g/m2And according to the leaf surface density grouping rule, replacing the tobacco leaves C with the tobacco leaves E, and replacing the tobacco leaves D with the tobacco leaves F. Carrying out batch test verification on the silk making line from the technological parameters of each main process and the process smoked sheets in the silk making processThe quality characteristics of the cut tobacco, the sensory quality comparison and evaluation of the finished cigarette and the like, and the processing quality and the internal quality of the cigarette before and after the change are basically consistent.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for grouping tobacco leaf raw materials in a cigarette leaf group formula is characterized by comprising the following steps: grouping according to the leaf surface density of tobacco leaves of each grade, wherein the leaf surface density is less than 89g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into airflow drying groups, and the leaf surface density is more than 90g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into thin plate drying groups, and the leaf surface density is 89g/m2To 90g/m2The tobacco leaves of the middle grade are divided into an airflow drying group or a sheet drying group according to the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves of the middle grade; respectively designing technological parameters of a silk making process of an airflow drying group and a thin plate drying group, and ensuring that the return air temperature of the thin plate drying group in a loosening and moisture regaining process is 5-10 ℃ higher than that of the airflow drying group; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, before a new cigarette product is produced and when the tobacco grade is changed according to a certain cigarette leaf group formula, detecting the leaf surface density of the tobacco of each grade by using a leaf puncher according to a leaf surface density detection method in tobacco physical detection;
step 2, grouping the leaf group formulas according to the leaf surface density detection result of the tobacco leaves:
at a leaf surface density of 89g/m2To 90g/m2The leaf surface density is less than 89g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into airflow drying groups, and the leaf surface density is more than 90g/m2The grade tobacco leaves are divided into thin plate drying groups, and the leaf surface density is 89g/m2To 90g/m2The tobacco leaves of the middle grade are divided into an airflow drying group or a sheet drying group according to the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves of the middle grade;
step 3, designing technological parameters of a silk making process of the air flow drying group and the thin plate drying group respectively, and ensuring that the return air temperature of the thin plate drying group in the loosening and moisture regaining process is 5-10 ℃ higher than that of the air flow drying group;
step 4, drying the thin plate drying group by adopting a thin plate drying process, and drying the air flow drying group by adopting an air flow drying process;
and 5, blending, mixing and perfuming the dried cut tobacco, rolling and packaging the cut tobacco to produce a finished cigarette product.
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