CN111567719A - Thawing and heating device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Thawing and heating device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567719A CN111567719A CN201910120406.6A CN201910120406A CN111567719A CN 111567719 A CN111567719 A CN 111567719A CN 201910120406 A CN201910120406 A CN 201910120406A CN 111567719 A CN111567719 A CN 111567719A
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 35
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23L3/365—Thawing subsequent to freezing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/66—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/66—Circuits
- H05B6/664—Aspects related to the power supply of the microwave heating apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/66—Circuits
- H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
- H05B6/688—Circuits for monitoring or control for thawing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/76—Prevention of microwave leakage, e.g. door sealings
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a thawing and heating device, which at least comprises: the shielding cavity is made of metal or comprises metal, and a working chamber is arranged in the shielding cavity; the control unit is arranged on the shielding cavity; the radio frequency power output module is arranged on the shielding cavity and is communicated with the control unit; the measuring unit is respectively connected with the control unit and the radio frequency power output module; the switch matching module is respectively connected with the control unit and the measuring unit; the power supply module is respectively connected with the control unit, the radio frequency power output module and the switch matching module; the radiation mechanism is connected with the switch matching module and arranged in the working chamber. The invention has the following advantages: the volume of the switch matching module is reduced, and the space utilization rate of the unfreezing and heating device is higher; the number of switches is reduced; the production consistency of the device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of household electrical appliances, in particular to a thawing and heating device adopting a switch LC matching module and a working method thereof.
Background
The existing thawing methods by means of heat conduction mainly comprise air thawing, water soaking thawing, refrigerator refrigerating thawing and thawing plate thawing, the thawing methods are long in thawing time, bacteria are easy to breed in the environment of 5-60 ℃ in the thawing process (except for refrigerator refrigerating thawing), and the sanitary condition is worried; when the thawing plate is used for thawing, the heat is quickly conducted on the surface of the food (the time is short) by contacting with the thawing plate, but the heat conductivity of the interior of the food is low, the uniformity of the interior and the exterior of the food is poor, and the thickness of the food is large. The microwave oven unfreezes in an electromagnetic field permeation mode, the time is shorter, but due to the high frequency, the internal and external uniformity is particularly poor, the surface temperature is very high, and the bacterial propagation is possibly very fast.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a thawing and heating device and a working method thereof, which solve the above technical problems.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a thawing and heating apparatus, comprising at least:
the shielding cavity is made of metal or comprises metal, and a working chamber is arranged in the shielding cavity;
the control unit is arranged on the shielding cavity;
the radio frequency power output module is arranged on the shielding cavity and is communicated with the control unit;
the measuring unit is respectively connected with the control unit and the radio frequency power output module;
the switch matching module is respectively connected with the control unit and the measuring unit;
the power supply module is respectively connected with the control unit, the radio frequency power output module and the switch matching module;
the radiation mechanism is connected with the switch matching module and arranged in the working chamber.
Preferably, the switch matching module includes:
a second inductor L2, wherein one end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the output end of the measuring unit;
a first inductor L1, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the other end of the second inductor L2, and the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the radiation mechanism;
a second capacitive component C2, one end of the second capacitive component C2 being connected to one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second capacitive component C2 being connected to ground;
a first capacitive component C1, one end of the first capacitive component C1 being connected to one end of the first inductor L1, the other end of the first capacitive component C1 being connected to ground; wherein
The first capacitive element C1 and the second capacitive element C2 are adjustable capacitive elements.
Preferably, the switch matching module includes:
a third inductor L3, one end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the output end of the measuring unit, and the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the radiation mechanism;
a fourth capacitive component C4, one end of the fourth capacitive component C4 being connected to one end of the third inductor L3, the other end of the fourth capacitive component C4 being connected to ground;
a third capacitive component C3, wherein one end of the third capacitive component C3 is connected to the other end of the third inductor L3, and the other end of the third capacitive component C3 is grounded; wherein
The third capacitive element C3 and the fourth capacitive element C4 are adjustable capacitive elements.
Preferably, the switch matching module includes:
a fifth capacitive component C5, wherein one end of the fifth capacitive component C5 is connected with the output end of the measurement unit;
a fourth inductor L4, one end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to the other end of the fifth capacitor assembly C5, and the other end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
a sixth capacitive assembly C6, one end of the sixth capacitive assembly C6 being connected to one end of the fifth capacitive assembly C5, the other end of the sixth capacitive assembly C6 being connected to ground; wherein
The fifth capacitive element C5 and the sixth capacitive element C6 are adjustable capacitive elements.
Preferably, the switch matching module includes:
an eighth capacitive component C8, one end of the eighth capacitive component C8 being connected to the output of the measurement unit;
a fifth inductor L5, wherein one end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor assembly C8, and the other end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
a seventh capacitive assembly C7, wherein one end of the seventh capacitive assembly C7 is connected to one end of the fifth inductor L5, and the other end of the seventh capacitive assembly C7 is grounded; wherein
The seventh capacitive element C7 and the eighth capacitive element C8 are adjustable capacitive elements.
Preferably, the switch matching module includes:
a tenth capacitive element C10, one end of the tenth capacitive element C10 being connected to the output of the measuring cell;
a sixth inductor L6, one end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to the other end of the tenth capacitor assembly C10, and the other end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
an eleventh capacitive assembly C11, one end of the eleventh capacitive assembly C11 being connected to one end of the tenth capacitive assembly C10, the other end of the eleventh capacitive assembly C11 being connected to ground;
a ninth capacitive element C9, wherein one end of the ninth capacitive element C9 is connected to one end of the sixth inductor L6, and the other end of the ninth capacitive element C9 is grounded; wherein
The ninth capacitive element C9, tenth capacitive element C10 and eleventh capacitive element C11 are adjustable capacitive elements.
Preferably, the adjustable capacitor assembly comprises a plurality of adjustable capacitor units, the plurality of adjustable capacitor units are connected in parallel, and the plurality of adjustable capacitor units are respectively connected with the control unit and the power module; wherein
The adjustable capacitor unit comprises an adjustable capacitor and a switch which are connected in series, and the switch is connected with the control unit and the power module.
Preferably, the radiation mechanism includes:
a radiation unit disposed contactlessly below the working chamber;
the feed unit is connected with the radiation unit and the switch matching module; wherein
The radiation unit is a metal panel, a metal grid or a metal bending piece.
A method of operation comprising the steps of:
s1, keeping the switch state after electric tuning matching unchanged, and recording the current dispersion parameter S11Amplitude S of0；
S2, adjusting the output frequency of the RF power output module 4, the step size of the electrical modulation frequency is about 5KHz to 10KHz, and reading the S of two nearest frequency points (such as 40.675MHz and 40.685MHz) about the initial frequency11Maximum value S of amplitudeLAnd minimum value SR；
S3, comparison S0、SLAnd SRThe numerical value of (2);
s4, if S0The minimum frequency point is the initial frequency of 40.68MHz, and the electric frequency adjustment matching is completed;
s5, if SLOr SRAt the minimum, the control unit controls the RF power output module to select S11Gradually sweeping the frequency of the reduced side; if S11Is still gradually reduced, the frequency sweep is continued towards the direction, if S is11Stops sweeping the frequency S when the amplitude value of the frequency signal begins to increase11The smallest frequency point is electricityTuning the optimal matching frequency point to complete electric frequency modulation matching;
s6, thawing or heating is started and completed.
Preferably, the S6 includes:
s6.1, starting to unfreeze or heat;
s6.2, reading and storing S every 4-10 seconds during thawing or heating11And the amplitude and phase of (D), and calculating S11If the number of times that the variable quantity is smaller than the set threshold reaches the threshold, thawing or heating is completed; wherein the threshold value is 8 times to 50 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the volume of the switch matching module is reduced, and the space utilization rate of the unfreezing and heating device is higher;
2) the number of switches is reduced;
3) the production consistency of the device is improved.
Drawings
Other characteristic objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the defrosting and heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chamber structure containing a radiation unit in the thawing and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a chamber containing a bending type radiation unit in the thawing and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the system connections between the modules of the defrosting and heating unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the controllable power source module connection of the defrosting and heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switch matching module of the defrosting and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a switch matching module of the defrosting and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a three-circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switch matching module of the defrosting and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a four-circuit diagram of an embodiment of the switch matching module of the defrosting and heating device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a five-circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switch matching module of the defrosting and heating device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an adjustable capacitor of the defrosting and heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a basic flow chart of the electrical tuning of the defrosting and heating device of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a basic operation flow chart of the defrosting and heating device of the invention.
In the figure:
1-shielding cavity 2-fan 3-switch matching module
4-radio frequency power output module 5-power module 6-control unit
7-display Module 8-working Chamber 9-food
10-insulating board 11-radiating element 12-feeding element
13-measuring cell
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a thawing and heating device, which illustrates one implementation of the layout of the various modules, the radiant module being located inside a shielded cavity 1, fixed by a low-loss insulating plate 10; the switch matching module 3 is positioned behind the shielding cavity 1, a cable or a conducting rod is connected with the radiation mechanism through a through hole on the rear side surface, an insulating sleeve is fixed on the through hole, and the cable or the conducting rod needs to penetrate through the insulating sleeve to prevent the cable or the conducting rod from contacting with the shielding cavity 1; the radio frequency power output module 4 and the power supply module 5 are positioned on the right side of the shielding cavity 1, and the cables are connected with the switch matching module 3 through holes on the right side surface; the control unit 6 is positioned on the right side of the front of the shielding cavity 1, and the cable is connected with the radio frequency power output module 4, the power supply module 5 and the switch matching module 3 through a small hole on the right side of the front of the shielding cavity 1; the UI is positioned on the control unit 6, and a key and display module 7 convenient for a user to control is arranged on the UI; the fans 2 are arranged on the back and the right side of the shielding cavity 1, and are convenient to provide air cooling heat dissipation for the switch matching module 3, the radio frequency power output module 4 and the power supply module 5. The food 9 is placed on the insulating plate 10 in the working chamber 8 to be thawed and heated. The opening side for placing the food 9 is provided with a door body structure which can be opened and closed, and the leakage of radio frequency energy can be effectively prevented when the door body structure is closed. The shielding cavity 1 and the door structure need to be made of or contain metal materials, so that the shielding effect can be achieved. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the implementation is relatively simple and the layout is not limited thereto.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a chamber containing a radiating element 11, the radiating element 11 being fixed to an insulating plate 10, below the chamber. The radiating element 11 may be a metal panel, a metal grid, a metal bent piece (e.g. fig. 3), or the like. The electric field intensity at the edge of the metal panel is the largest, and the edge part can be properly bent downwards, so that the part with the large electric field intensity is distributed downwards, the uniformity of unfreezing and heating food 9 is improved, and the metal panel with the edge bent downwards is shown in fig. 3. The shape of the metal panel is also not limited and can be circular, square, etc., and the shape of the metal panel also determines the electric field distribution in the cavity, i.e. affects the uniformity of heating of the food 9. The radiation unit 11 has a high radio frequency voltage, and the radiation unit 11 cannot be in electrical contact with the cavity. The food 9 is placed on the insulating plate 10 so that the food 9 is close to the radiation unit 11, the electric field around the radiation unit 11 is strong, and the thawing efficiency is high. One end of a feed unit 12 is connected with the radiation unit 11, the other end is connected with the switch matching module 3, the feed unit can be a metal rod, a cable and the like, and the feed unit and the cavity cannot be in electric contact. Zin is input impedance from the feed port to the antenna, Zin varies with the weight, temperature, shape and type of the food 9, and in order to keep Zin and the rf power output module 4 in a good matching state, an impedance conversion module, i.e. a matching module, must be added between them, and a measurement module is used to monitor the current matching state.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of system connections between the defrosting and heating unit modules. The power module 5 converts the commercial power into a plurality of stably-output direct-current power supplies and is responsible for supplying power to the radio-frequency power output module 4, the control unit 6 and the switch matching module 3. The control unit 6 is a control center of the whole system and completes all functions of state monitoring, data analysis, function control, UI (user interface) man-machine interaction, remote monitoring and the like of the system; specifically, the output frequency and the output power of the radio frequency power output module 4 are controlled, the power supply module 5 is controlled to be started, the output voltage and the output current of the power supply are read, the switch switching state of the switch matching module 3 is controlled, and the radio frequency parameters obtained by measurement from the measurement unit 13 are received and processed. The radio frequency power output module 4 can convert the direct current electric energy into radio frequency high power electromagnetic field energy. The measuring unit 13 is used for monitoring the matching state between the output end of the radio frequency power output module 4 and the feed end of the radiating unit 11. The switch matching module 3 receives the switch control signal from the control unit 6, and converts the impedance of the feed end of the radiation unit 11 to a state close to the impedance of the output end of the radio frequency power output module 4. The radio frequency high power electromagnetic field can pass through the measuring unit 13, the switch matching module 3 and reach the cavity containing the radiating unit 11. The radiation unit 11 is responsible for efficiently and uniformly transmitting the radio frequency power to the food 9, and the radio frequency oscillating electromagnetic field with high speed change forces molecules, ions and the like in the food 9 to move violently so as to heat up; the metal cavity confines the electromagnetic field energy within the cavity, preventing the electromagnetic field from radiating outside the cavity while achieving rapid and uniform thawing and heating of the food 9. The invention may also be practiced with components and devices that provide other functions, such as heat sinks and the like.
Fig. 5 to 8 list the implementation methods of the main functional modules of the thawing and heating device of the present invention, which are only referred to by those skilled in the art, and the implementation methods are not limited thereto.
Fig. 5 is a controllable power source module composed of the rf power output module 4, the control unit 6, the measurement unit 13 and the power supply module 5, wherein the rf power output module 4 includes a controllable signal source and a power amplification link, and the power supply module 5 includes an adjustable voltage portion and a fixed voltage portion.
The radio frequency controllable signal source in the radio frequency power output module 4 can output weak radio frequency signals with adjustable frequency, and the control signal output by the control unit 6 controls the output state of the radio frequency signals, such as on/off signals, the output frequency of the control signal and the like, the frequency range of the invention is 40.66 MHz-40.70 MHz, and similarly, other suitable frequency bands can also be selected; the radio frequency signal output by the controllable signal source needs to be amplified by a power amplification link to generate radio frequency high-power energy for thawing and heating, the power amplification link generally consists of two to three stages of power amplification transistors, and the power amplification transistors are metal oxide semiconductor transistors or gallium nitride transistors which are common; the control unit 6 provides controllable gate voltage for the transistors, the adjustable voltage part of the power module 5 provides variable drain voltage for the transistors, and the control unit 6 controls the power module 5 to output adjustable voltage. The control unit 6 can control the output power of the rf power output module by changing the gate voltage or the drain voltage.
The measurement unit 13 is configured to detect a radio frequency parameter at an output end of the power amplification link, specifically, a magnitude of output and reflected power, S11Amplitude and phase. The control unit 6 knows the impedance state of the feed end of the radiation unit 11 and the matching condition of the feed end and the output end of the power amplification link through the radio frequency parameters. The measuring unit 13 of the present invention is implemented as a radio frequency coupler.
The power supply module 5 comprises at least an adjustable voltage part, a fixed voltage part and a control interface. The control unit 6 can set the output voltage of the adjustable voltage part through the power control interface, the adjustable voltage part provides a drain voltage for the power amplification link in the radio frequency power output module 4, and the control unit 6 can also read the set voltage and the supplied current, so that whether the power module 5 and the power amplification link are in a normal state can be monitored at any time through closed-loop processing, and the reliability and the safety of the power source of the unfreezing and heating system are ensured. The control unit 6 requires a fixed voltage part in the power module 5 to provide it with a stable normally open fixed voltage.
In the invention, a subsystem consisting of the radio frequency power output module 4, the control unit 6, the measuring unit 13 and the power supply module 5 in the figure 5 is a power source system with controllable frequency, adjustable power, measurable matching, stability and reliability, and has important and wide application value. In the present invention, the frequency can be scanned to find the corresponding thawing and heating frequency point that best matches the impedance of the food 9, referred to herein as electrical frequency tuning matching.
The rf power output from the rf power output module 4 must pass through the switch matching module 3 before reaching the radiating element effectively. The switch matching module 3 is a passive adjustable part, when the impedance matching state is not good and reaches the threshold set by the system software, the switch switching control signal output by the control unit 6 switches the multi-way switch to find the optimal matching state of the output end of the radio frequency power output module 4, and the switch matching module has the function of compensating the impedance difference caused by different types, sizes, positions, shapes and temperatures of the food 9, and realizes the automatic compensation of the change of the food 9 in the whole process. The switch switches the best found impedance match with the food 9, referred to herein as an electrical tune match.
The switch matching module 3 is an inductance-capacitance hybrid matching network, and comprises a fixed inductance part and an adjustable capacitance part. The adjustable capacitor part is provided with a plurality of switches controlled by the control unit 6, each switch is correspondingly connected with a controlled capacitor in series, and the opening and closing of the switches can determine the state of the controlled capacitors; at the same time, there are several fixed inductors in the switch matching module 3, which are not controlled by the control unit 6, and these fixed inductors can play a role in sharing current or voltage.
Fig. 6 to 10 show a specific implementation method of the switch matching module 3 of the present invention, and fig. 6 to 10 show several effective matching implementations, where the port 1 is connected to the output end of the measuring unit 13, and the port 2 is connected to the feed input end of the radiating unit 11. The above modes are proposed mainly to achieve matching requirements in the simplest method, and provide several matching schemes for those skilled in the art, so as to facilitate layout and wiring of the hard circuit board and understanding of those skilled in the art. Although specific implementations of these several matches are described herein, implementations of the present invention are not limited to the topology network shown.
In the first embodiment, in fig. 6, one end of the port 1 is first connected in parallel with a first bypass of the adjustable capacitor assembly C2 connected to ground; a fixed inductor L2 is connected in series between the port 1 and the node 1; a second bypass which is connected with the ground by the adjustable capacitance component C1 is connected in parallel with the node 1; a fixed inductor L1 is connected in series between node 1 and port 2.
In the second embodiment, in fig. 7, one end of the port 1 is firstly connected in parallel with a first bypass of the adjustable capacitor assembly C4 which is grounded; a fixed inductor L3 is connected in series between the port 1 and the port 2; a second shunt with an adjustable capacitance component C3 connected to ground is connected in parallel to port 2.
In the third embodiment, in fig. 8, one end of the port 1 is firstly connected in parallel with a first bypass of an adjustable capacitor assembly C6 which is grounded; a circuit formed by connecting an adjustable capacitor component C5 and a fixed inductor L4 in series is connected between the port 1 and the port 2.
In fig. 9, an adjustable capacitor C8 is first connected in series between port 1 and node 2; one end of the node 2 is firstly connected with a first bypass of an adjustable capacitor component C7 grounded in parallel; a fixed inductor L5 is connected in series between node 2 and port 2.
In fig. 10, a first bypass of an adjustable capacitor assembly C11 connected to ground is first connected in parallel to one end of port 1; an adjustable capacitor component C10 is firstly connected in series between the port 1 and the node 3; one end of the node 3 is connected with a second bypass of the adjustable capacitor component C9 which is grounded in parallel; a fixed inductor L6 is connected in series between node 3 and port 2.
Fig. 11 is a specific implementation of the tunable capacitor assembly of fig. 6-10. The adjustable capacitor assembly is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel from small to large, each capacitor is connected with a switch which is controlled to be turned on or turned off by a control unit 6 in series, the power supply module 5 can provide stable voltage for the switches, and the switch can be a high-power relay. When a certain switch is closed, the corresponding capacitor connected in series with the switch is connected into the circuit to play a matching role; conversely, when a switch is turned on, the corresponding capacitor connected in series with the switch is not connected into the circuit. The opening and closing of the switch controls the magnitude of capacitance access. In order to make the capacitance connection in a controllable linear trend, the capacitance can be set to increase in equal proportion in a relation of about twice, the minimum capacitance determines the minimum adjusting step length, and the number of the capacitance connection or the number of the switches determines the maximum value of the whole adjustable capacitor.
The port 1 is connected to the output end of the measurement unit 13, that is, the first bypass is close to the rf power output module 4, the voltage of the port 1 is relatively low, and the maximum value of the current on the bypass can be effectively controlled by controlling the minimum series capacitance of the first bypass (such as the capacitor C2, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C6, and the capacitor C11), so that the first bypass as the adjustable capacitor portion can reduce the withstand voltage and current requirements of the switching device, and is easy to implement. The first bypass is mainly used to adjust the quality of the match, i.e. S11The magnitude of (c). The smaller the capacitive reactance of the input impedance of the input end of the port 2 and the radiation unit 11 is, the larger the resistance is, and the smaller the capacitance value of the first bypass access is; and conversely, the accessed capacitance value is the largest.
The port 2 is connected with a feed end of the radiation unit 11 arranged in the metal cavity, and the series resistance or the parallel resistance in the input impedance corresponding to the feed end is very small, namely the Q value in the cavity is very large. Resulting in a large voltage and current at port 2. The inductor L1, the inductor L4, the inductor L5, and the inductor L6 are directly connected to the input terminal of the radiating unit 11, and need to bear a large current and share a large voltage. The current near the radiating element bypass is relatively small compared to the inductance, and the corresponding capacitors (e.g., capacitor C1, capacitor C7, and capacitor C9) can be used as tunable capacitors for adjusting S11Shift of the resonance frequency. The capacitor assembly C3 in fig. 7, which is directly connected to the input of the radiating element 11, will be subjected to a larger voltage, but for S11The influence of the resonance frequency is larger than the capacitance at other positions, and the number of switches required is small (generally 1 to 2).
Series tunable capacitors in fig. 8 and 9The component C5 and the capacitor component C8 can influence S simultaneously11Amplitude of (1) and S11Shift of the resonance frequency. This allows the number of switches of the tunable capacitor assembly C6 and the tunable capacitor assembly C7 to be reduced.
The rf output power in the rf power output module 4 has a certain frequency adjustment range, for example, 40.66MHz to 40.70MHz, and the output frequency is controlled by the control unit 6. Fig. 9 is a basic flow chart of the electrical tuning of the thawing and heating device of the present invention, in which the frequency of the rf power output module is kept unchanged during the process of electrically tuning the switch, and the default initial frequency is 40.68 MHz. The electrical tuning matching is generally performed after the electrical tuning finds the best matching, and the specific steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: keeping the on-off state after electric tuning matching unchanged, and recording the current dispersion parameter S11Magnitude of (S)0；
Step two: adjusting the output frequency of the RF power output module 4, the step size of the electrical modulation frequency is about 5KHz to 10KHz, and reading the S of two nearest frequency points (such as 40.675MHz and 40.685MHz) about the initial frequency11Magnitude of amplitude SL、SR；
Step three: comparison S0、SLAnd SRThe numerical value of (2);
step four: if S0The minimum frequency point is the initial frequency of 40.68MHz, and the electric frequency adjustment matching is completed;
step five: if SLOr SRAt the minimum, the control unit controls the RF power output module to select S11Gradually sweeping the frequency of the reduced side; if S11Is still gradually reduced, the frequency sweep is continued towards the direction, if S is11Stops sweeping the frequency S when the amplitude value of the frequency signal begins to increase11And the minimum frequency point is the best matching frequency point of the electric tuning to finish the electric tuning matching.
In the process of electric frequency adjustment matching, the controllable power source module can adjust and find the best matched signal output frequency. As an auxiliary match, it mainly plays two roles: 1. reduction of the compensation S11The number of switches for resonant frequency shiftUnder the condition of not changing the compensation range and the precision, the minimum frequency shift amount, namely the step length, of the electric tuning matching is increased, and the optimal matching state of crossing certain food 9 loads (different in weight or temperature) in the tuning process is prevented by continuous electric tuning matching assistance; 2. another effect is to widen the compensation range of the food 9, which can be electrically tuned down to 40.66MHz for matching if too much food 9 is thawed and heated. In a word, as the auxiliary electrical frequency modulation, the tuning resolution can be improved, the compensation range of the food 9 can be widened, and the number of switches is reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
A control unit 6 for performing all the status monitoring, data analysis, function control and UI man-machine interaction of the system, which may comprise one or more processors for control, memories, a display module 7, a voice module, a key module, a communication interface, etc. for controlling
1) The state monitoring comprises firstly, monitoring a door structure switch, controlling the opening and closing of a microswitch through the opening and closing of the door structure, monitoring whether the microswitch is closed or not by a control signal at any time, and if the door structure is opened, a power supply cannot be opened, and a defrosting and heating program cannot run; secondly, the impedance state of the feed port is constantly monitored through the radio frequency measurement parameters fed back by the measurement unit 13, and the radio frequency power output by the radio frequency power output module 4 can be effectively transmitted to the radiation unit 11.
2) Analyzing data, collecting output frequency, forward and reverse power and their phase difference of RF measuring module, and calculating to obtain dispersion parameter S11Amplitude and phase. The impedance state of the food 9 of different kinds, temperatures, shapes, weights is analyzed.
3) Function control, which controls the output of the power supply through the power supply control signal output by the control unit 6; the grid voltage output by the control unit 6 controls the magnitude of each grid voltage of the power amplification link; the radio frequency signal output by the control unit 6 controls the output state and the frequency state of the controllable signal source; the on-off of the switch on the switch matching module 3 is controlled by the switch switching control signal output by the control unit 6.
4) And the UI interaction module comprises a display module 7, a key module, a knob, a voice module and the like. The remote monitoring device is used for receiving signals input by a user, the user selects functions through keys and knobs, and the remote monitoring device can be used for real-time convenient monitoring through a remote monitoring module and the like.
The unfreezing and heating device can be additionally provided with other auxiliary components, heat dissipation components, temperature measurement components and the like. The heat dissipation assembly comprises a fan 2, a reasonably designed air channel and some heat dissipation structural parts with low heat resistance, and dissipates heat of a power module 5, a radio frequency power output module 4 and a switch matching module 3 in the system. The temperature measurement assembly comprises thermistor temperature measurement, infrared temperature measurement and the like, the thermistor temperature measurement mainly aims at the power module 5 and the radio frequency power output module 4, the infrared temperature measurement mainly aims at food materials needing to be unfrozen and heated, measured temperature data are transmitted to the control unit 6 to be monitored and analyzed, and reliable operation of the system is guaranteed.
Fig. 10 is a basic operation flow chart of the defrosting and heating apparatus. The UI interaction module of the control unit 6 can receive a normal/fast/tattoo/manual command from a user, and after receiving a signal to start thawing, the control unit 6 sets the output frequency of the rf power output module 4 to an initial frequency (e.g., 40.68MHz), controls the power to be low-power output, controls the switch matching module 3 to perform electrical tuning matching, continuously switches the matching state, and simultaneously reads the feeding end S of the radiation unit 11 measured by the measurement unit 1311The amplitude and phase of the radio frequency power output module 4, the output and reflected power of the radio frequency power output module 4, and whether the matching state is good or not is judged, generally S11The smaller the value of (c), the better the matching state. The purpose of low power output is to prevent irreversible damage to the device caused by high power when the matching state is not good, but the power output cannot be too small to ensure the detection precision of the radio frequency measurement module, and the size of the power is related to the type selection of the power amplifier and the switching device. After the electric tuning finds the best match, the on-off state is kept unchanged, electric tuning frequency matching is carried out, the step size of the electric tuning frequency is about 5KHz to 10KHz, and when the electric tuning frequency is matched, S of two nearest frequency points about the initial frequency is read firstly11Match values and compare their magnitudes, then towards S11The frequency of the side which becomes smaller is increased or decreasedGradually sweeping until S is found11And at the smallest frequency point, completing the electric frequency modulation.
After finding the best match, the device will analyze whether the matching state is abnormal, and the abnormal condition shows that the matching state is not good, such as S11Is higher than-8 dB. There are generally two situations, idle and fault, if the matching condition is abnormal. The switching state of the switch matching module 3 corresponding to the no-load is fixed, and under the condition of a fault, the switching state of the switch is relatively random, so that the device is easy to identify.
When the matching state is normal, the device can record the matching state of the current switch and improve the radio frequency output power to unfreeze the food 9. During the thawing process, the impedance of the input end of the electrically-tuned radiation device changes due to the temperature change of the food 9, so that the power output by the radio frequency power output module changes, the output power may be increased or decreased greatly, the device is likely to work under high load or the thawing time is increased, and therefore, the stable output power needs to be maintained regularly. If the detected adaptation level is higher than the set threshold due to the impedance change during the thawing process, the device will decrease the output power of the rf power output module, re-enter the best matching search and setup mode, and re-set the output frequency of the rf power output module 4 to the initial frequency (e.g. 40.68MHz) before performing the electrical tuning matching.
When unfreezing, the radio frequency parameters in the unfreezing process need to be stored and analyzed regularly, wherein the radio frequency parameters mainly refer to S detected by a radio frequency measurement module11Amplitude and phase information. In order to ensure the even quality of the food 9 unfreezing, the output power of the radio frequency power output module needs to be continuously adjusted in the unfreezing process. After thawing, the device will turn off the signal source, the power supply and the rf power output module 4 and remind the user of the completion of thawing.
Whether the unfreezing is completed or not is related to the unfreezing mode selected by the user. When the user selects manual thawing, the system will thaw according to the time set by the user or the set temperature. When the thawing timing is reached to the upper time limit set by the user or the temperature of the measured food 9 reaches the upper temperature limit set by the user, thawing is completed. When in useWhen the user selects automatic unfreezing (normal/fast/stabbing), the system can automatically judge whether the unfreezing is finished according to the change rate of the obtained radio frequency parameters. During thawing, the measured S is caused by the change of the temperature of the food 9, which results in the change of the input impedance of the feeding terminal of the radiating element 1111A change occurs. However, with the temperature rise, the ice crystal state inside the food 9 is gradually transformed into a flowing liquid state, a large amount of phase change occurs, the temperature rise of the food 9 is gradually slowed down under the condition of absorbing the same energy, and S11The variation amplitude is gradually reduced, especially when the temperature of the food 9 is increased to the range of-2 ℃ to 0 ℃, S11Remain substantially unchanged. Thereby utilizing the temperature rise to be slowed or S11The change slows down this characteristic and it can be judged whether the thawing of the food 9 is completed. Reading and storing S continuously during thawing11And the amplitude and phase of (D), and calculating S11If the variation has stabilized to a certain degree, the thawing is completed. Tests show that the invention is suitable for thawing tattoos (such as salmon, fresh oysters and the like), and particularly realizes uniform and rapid thawing, and can greatly keep the freshness and the taste of original food materials.
It is worth mentioning that the device has a default upper time and temperature limit for thawing the food 9, and if this default upper limit is reached, the device will stop thawing.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A thawing and heating device, characterized in that it comprises at least:
the shielding cavity is made of metal or comprises metal, and a working chamber is arranged in the shielding cavity;
the control unit is arranged on the shielding cavity;
the radio frequency power output module is arranged on the shielding cavity and is communicated with the control unit;
the measuring unit is respectively connected with the control unit and the radio frequency power output module;
the switch matching module is respectively connected with the control unit and the measuring unit;
the power supply module is respectively connected with the control unit, the radio frequency power output module and the switch matching module;
the radiation mechanism is connected with the switch matching module and arranged in the working chamber.
2. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the switch matching module comprises:
a second inductor L2, wherein one end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the output end of the measuring unit;
a first inductor L1, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the other end of the second inductor L2, and the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the radiation mechanism;
a second capacitive component C2, one end of the second capacitive component C2 being connected to one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second capacitive component C2 being connected to ground;
a first capacitive component C1, one end of the first capacitive component C1 being connected to one end of the first inductor L1, the other end of the first capacitive component C1 being connected to ground; wherein
The first capacitive element C1 and the second capacitive element C2 are adjustable capacitive elements.
3. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the switch matching module comprises:
a third inductor L3, one end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the output end of the measuring unit, and the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the radiation mechanism;
a fourth capacitive component C4, one end of the fourth capacitive component C4 being connected to one end of the third inductor L3, the other end of the fourth capacitive component C4 being connected to ground;
a third capacitive component C3, wherein one end of the third capacitive component C3 is connected to the other end of the third inductor L3, and the other end of the third capacitive component C3 is grounded; wherein
The third capacitive element C3 and the fourth capacitive element C4 are adjustable capacitive elements.
4. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the switch matching module comprises:
a fifth capacitive component C5, wherein one end of the fifth capacitive component C5 is connected with the output end of the measurement unit;
a fourth inductor L4, one end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to the other end of the fifth capacitor assembly C5, and the other end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
a sixth capacitive assembly C6, one end of the sixth capacitive assembly C6 being connected to one end of the fifth capacitive assembly C5, the other end of the sixth capacitive assembly C6 being connected to ground; wherein
The fifth capacitive element C5 and the sixth capacitive element C6 are adjustable capacitive elements.
5. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the switch matching module comprises:
an eighth capacitive component C8, one end of the eighth capacitive component C8 being connected to the output of the measurement unit;
a fifth inductor L5, wherein one end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor assembly C8, and the other end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
a seventh capacitive assembly C7, wherein one end of the seventh capacitive assembly C7 is connected to one end of the fifth inductor L5, and the other end of the seventh capacitive assembly C7 is grounded; wherein
The seventh capacitive element C7 and the eighth capacitive element C8 are adjustable capacitive elements.
6. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the switch matching module comprises:
a tenth capacitive element C10, one end of the tenth capacitive element C10 being connected to the output of the measuring cell;
a sixth inductor L6, one end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to the other end of the tenth capacitor assembly C10, and the other end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to the radiating mechanism;
an eleventh capacitive assembly C11, one end of the eleventh capacitive assembly C11 being connected to one end of the tenth capacitive assembly C10, the other end of the eleventh capacitive assembly C11 being connected to ground;
a ninth capacitive element C9, wherein one end of the ninth capacitive element C9 is connected to one end of the sixth inductor L6, and the other end of the ninth capacitive element C9 is grounded; wherein
The ninth capacitive element C9, tenth capacitive element C10 and eleventh capacitive element C11 are adjustable capacitive elements.
7. The thawing and heating device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the adjustable capacitor assembly comprises a plurality of adjustable capacitor units connected in parallel, the plurality of adjustable capacitor units being connected to the control unit and the power module, respectively; wherein
The adjustable capacitor unit comprises an adjustable capacitor and a switch which are connected in series, and the switch is connected with the control unit and the power module.
8. The defrosting and heating unit of claim 1 wherein the radiation mechanism comprises:
a radiation unit disposed within the working chamber in a non-contact manner;
the feed unit is connected with the radiation unit and the switch matching module; wherein
The radiation unit is a metal panel, a metal grid or a metal bending piece.
9. An operating method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, keeping the switch state after electric tuning matching unchanged, and recording the current dispersion parameter S11Amplitude S of0；
S2, adjusting the output frequency of the RF power output module 4, the step size of the electrical modulation frequency is about 5KHz to 10KHz, and reading the S of two nearest frequency points (such as 40.675MHz and 40.685MHz) about the initial frequency11Maximum value S of amplitudeLAnd minimum value SR；
S3, comparison S0、SLAnd SRThe numerical value of (2);
s4, if S0The minimum frequency point is the initial frequency of 40.68MHz, and the electric frequency adjustment matching is completed;
s5, if SLOr SRAt the minimum, the control unit controls the RF power output module to select S11Gradually sweeping the frequency of the reduced side; if S11Is still gradually reduced, the frequency sweep is continued towards the direction, if S is11Stops sweeping the frequency S when the amplitude value of the frequency signal begins to increase11The minimum frequency point is the best matching frequency point of electric tuning to finish electric tuning matching;
s6, thawing or heating is started and completed.
10. The operating method of claim 9, wherein the S6 includes:
s6.1, starting to unfreeze or heat;
s6.2, reading and storing S every 4-10 seconds during thawing or heating11And the amplitude and phase of (D), and calculating S11If the number of times that the variable quantity is less than the set threshold reaches the threshold valueThawing or heating is completed; wherein
The threshold value is 8 times to 50 times.
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| CN108598658A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 上海点为智能科技有限责任公司 | Triantennary compensating heating device in restricted clearance |
| CN109221882A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-18 | 上海点为智能科技有限责任公司 | Switch matching module and the thawing apparatus using the switch matching module |
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| CN108598658A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 上海点为智能科技有限责任公司 | Triantennary compensating heating device in restricted clearance |
| CN109221882A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-18 | 上海点为智能科技有限责任公司 | Switch matching module and the thawing apparatus using the switch matching module |
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