CN111562629A - Saturation determination method and device based on equivalent pore section index - Google Patents
Saturation determination method and device based on equivalent pore section index Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a saturation determination method and a saturation determination device based on equivalent pore section indexes, wherein the saturation determination method comprises the following steps: obtaining an equivalent pore section index; calculating a pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index; and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index. The invention can establish a method and a device for accurately calculating the saturation degree by simultaneously considering the porosity and the pore structure in a complex reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil exploration, in particular to a geophysical exploration technology, and specifically relates to a saturation calculation method and device based on equivalent pore section indexes.
Background
With the increasing sophistication of oil and gas exploration and development objects, increasingly complex reservoirs are being developed, such as: carbonate rock, mudstone fracture reservoir, volcanic rock reservoir and the like, the difficulty of evaluating the saturation of the reservoir by logging is continuously increased, so that the logging interpretation coincidence rate is low, the oil and gas discovery rate is low, and the reason is the selection problem of a saturation model and parameters thereof. At present, a plurality of known reservoir saturation evaluation models are available, the common reservoir saturation evaluation model is also an Archie formula, and a plurality of Archie models and derivative forms thereof are formed in the reservoir saturation evaluation process. The most critical of these is how to accurately determine the petroelectricity parameters in the Archie model: the lithology coefficient a, the saturation coefficient b, the pore structure index m and the cementation index n.
The results of previous experimental research and a large number of exploration and development practices show that for most reservoirs including complex sand shale reservoirs, the values of a and b are more equal to 1, and the value of n is more equal to 2; most studied and controversial are the determination of the value of the pore structure index m. The most common method for determining the parameter is to use a rock core to carry out a rock electricity experiment, but the method has the problems that the scales of the rock core and the logging are inconsistent and are limited by the coring quantity and the representative problems of the rock core, most of the obtained rock electricity parameters are fixed, and the actual pore structure of the reservoir is complex and changeable, so that the method is difficult to objectively and continuously reflect the real condition of the reservoir. Later, the logging scholars at home and abroad put forward a method for changing the m value of the pore structure, the method considers the influence of the porosity of the reservoir on the m value, so that the m values of the pore structures of the reservoirs with different porosities are different, the aim of changing the m value of the pore structure is fulfilled, and a good application effect is achieved.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of providing a method and apparatus for accurately calculating oil saturation in a complex reservoir while considering porosity and pore structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the method and the device for accurately calculating the oil saturation in the complex reservoir stratum can be established by simultaneously considering the porosity and the pore structure. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section indexes, including:
obtaining an equivalent pore section index;
calculating a pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index;
and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index.
In one embodiment, obtaining the equivalent pore section index comprises:
creating an equivalent rock volume model;
and according to the resistance parallel principle, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using an equivalent rock volume model.
In one embodiment, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using an equivalent rock volume model according to a resistance parallel principle includes:
acquiring logging curve data;
acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir washing zone resistivity according to logging curve data;
and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the flushing zone of the reservoir.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity is as follows:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; rxoThe resistivity of the reservoir flush zone, Ω · m.
In one embodiment, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using an equivalent rock volume model according to a resistance parallel principle includes:
acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to the core experiment data, the formation water analysis data and the logging curve data;
and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total porosity of the reservoir and the reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water is as follows:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; r0The resistivity of the reservoir, Ω · m, is the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water.
In one embodiment, calculating the pore structure index using the equivalent pore section index comprises: the formula for calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index is as follows:
m＝-logIPS
wherein m is a pore structure index and is dimensionless.
In one embodiment, the pore structure index m ranges from 0 to 3.
In one embodiment, determining the reservoir water saturation using the porosity structure index comprises:
and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the reservoir water saturation according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, the cementation index, the reservoir total porosity and the pore structure index is as follows:
in the formula, a: lithology coefficient, dimensionless; b: saturation coefficient, dimensionless; n: cementing index, dimensionless; sw: reservoir water saturation,%; rt: reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, Ω · m.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a saturation determination apparatus based on equivalent pore section index, the apparatus comprising:
the equivalent pore section index obtaining unit is used for obtaining the equivalent pore section index;
the pore structure index calculating unit is used for calculating a pore structure index by utilizing the equivalent pore section index;
and the water saturation determining unit is used for determining the water saturation of the reservoir by utilizing the porosity structural index.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining unit includes:
the model creating module is used for creating an equivalent rock volume model;
and the equivalent pore section index obtaining module is used for obtaining the equivalent pore section index by utilizing the equivalent rock volume model according to the resistance parallel principle.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
a logging curve data acquisition module: for obtaining well log data;
a logging curve data calculation module: the system is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir washing zone resistivity according to logging curve data;
the equivalent pore section index first calculation module: and the method is used for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data acquisition module comprises: the system is used for acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data calculation module comprises: the method is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
equivalent pore section index calculation module the second calculation module: the method is used for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
In an embodiment, the water saturation determining unit is specifically configured to: and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the equivalent pore section index based saturation determination method when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for saturation determination based on equivalent pore section index.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method and apparatus for determining saturation based on equivalent pore section index, first, based on an equivalent rock volume model, an equivalent pore section index is calculated by using a core experiment and a conventional logging curve, the equivalent pore section index can reflect a core pore structure, then, a pore structure index is defined for the equivalent pore section index, the pore structure index considers the reservoir porosity and the reservoir pore structure at the same time, and finally, the saturation is calculated by using the pore structure index and an Archie's formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating step 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating step 102 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating step 102 in another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of an equivalent rock volume model of a saturation determination method based on an equivalent pore section index according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the result of the saturation determination method well H based on equivalent pore section index according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a saturation determination apparatus based on equivalent pore section index in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of a saturation determination method based on an equivalent pore section index, and referring to fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step 100: and obtaining the equivalent pore section index.
It is understood that the equivalent pore section index may reflect the core pore structure.
Step 200: and calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
It is understood that step 200 is to calculate the porosity structure index using the porosity section index calculated in step 100, and to give a variation range of the porosity structure index in combination with actual data.
Step 300: and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index.
Step 300 may be: obtaining a lithology coefficient, a saturation coefficient and a cementation index through a rock core experiment; and obtaining the resistivity of an undisturbed formation of the reservoir and the total porosity of the reservoir through logging data, and calculating the water saturation of the core by utilizing an Archie's formula and the equivalent pore section index calculated in the step 200, thereby calculating the oil saturation of the core.
From the above description, the present invention provides a saturation determination method based on an equivalent pore section index, which includes obtaining an equivalent pore section index capable of reflecting a core pore structure, defining a pore structure index by the equivalent pore section index, considering reservoir porosity and reservoir pore structure at the same time by the pore structure index, and calculating saturation according to the pore structure index and the Archie's formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, step 100 comprises:
step 101: creating an equivalent rock volume model;
reservoir rock is divided into a core framework and formation water in core pores in terms of volume.
Step 102: and according to the resistance parallel principle, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using an equivalent rock volume model.
On the basis of the step 101, the rock resistance of the reservoir is calculated by using the resistance of the rock framework and the formation water through the resistance parallel principle, and the equivalent pore section index is obtained.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, step 102 comprises:
step 1021: acquiring logging curve data;
in one embodiment, the well log data is conventional well log data comprising: the three lithology logging curve data, the three porosity logging curve data and the three electrical property logging curve data, in an embodiment, the logging curve data may be: gamma curve, caliper curve and natural potential curve (tri lithology log curve data); neutron porosity curves, sonic time difference logs, density logs (three-porosity log data); deep lateral resistivity, shallow lateral resistivity curve, and microspheric focused resistivity (trimaran log data).
Step 1022: acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir washing zone resistivity according to logging curve data;
in an embodiment, the formation water resistivity may be calculated by using a natural potential curve, or may be calculated by using a visual formation water resistivity method and conventional logging curve data, which is not limited in the present invention. The reservoir total porosity may be calculated using one or more combinations of three porosity curves, and the reservoir washzone resistivity may be calculated using a shallow lateral resistivity curve.
Step 1023: and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the flushing zone of the reservoir.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore cross-sectional index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity in step 1023 may be:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; rxoThe resistivity of the reservoir flush zone, Ω · m.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 4, step 102 comprises:
step 102 a: acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
it is understood that the core experimental data in step 102a includes: core resistivity, core skeleton resistivity.
In one embodiment, the step 102a further includes: the lithology coefficient, the saturation coefficient and the cementation index can be the following steps: and the calculation of the reservoir water saturation provides more accurate parameters.
Step 102 b: and acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to the core experiment data, the formation water analysis data and the logging curve data.
It can be understood that formation water resistivity can be obtained through formation water analysis data, reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water can be obtained through core experiment data, and total reservoir porosity can be calculated through logging curve data, which is similar to the method for calculating total reservoir porosity in step 1022.
Step 102 c: and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
In an embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water in step 102c may be:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; r0The resistivity of the reservoir, Ω · m, is the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water.
In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index in step 200 may be:
m＝-logIPS
wherein m is a pore structure index and is dimensionless.
It will be appreciated that the pore structure index m calculated in step 200 takes into account both the reservoir porosity and the reservoir pore structure.
In one embodiment, the value of the porosity index m calculated in step 200 ranges from 0 to 3.
It will be appreciated that the value of m should itself have certain constraints, the upper limit of which should generally not be greater than 3. In argillaceous sandstones and siltstones, due to the narrow pore throat and low permeability, argillaceous sandstones and siltstones have higher m values, at least in medium-high pore formations, compared with pure formations. When the sandstone contains gray matter, the pore permeability decreases, and its m tends to increase.
In one embodiment, step 300 may be: and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
In an embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the reservoir water saturation according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithology coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, the cementation index, the reservoir total porosity and the pore structure index in step 300 may be:
in the formula, a: lithology coefficient, dimensionless; b: saturation coefficient, dimensionless; n: cementing index, dimensionless; sw: reservoir water saturation,%; rt: reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, Ω · m.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides an embodiment in a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index, see fig. 5.
Step M01: an equivalent rock volume model is created.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the equivalent rock volume model consists of a rock core framework and formation water in rock core pores.
Step M02: and according to the resistance parallel principle, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using an equivalent rock volume model.
It can be understood that, in this step, by using an equivalent rock volume model, as shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the resistance of the whole core is regarded as the resistance of the core skeleton and the pore fluid in the core in parallel, which is specifically as follows:
in equation (1): r is0、rmaAnd rwRespectively represents the resistance, omega, of the formation water in the core, the framework and the core pores. It should be noted that the equivalent volume model may be based on a core at 100% saturation with formation water.
Since the core skeleton resistance tends to be infinite, equation (1) is written as:
is defined by the resistance, and is provided with,
wherein R is0Is core resistivity, Ω · m; l is the core length in meters; and A is the cross-sectional area of the core in square meters.
The same principle is as follows:
wherein R iswIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; l iswCore length, meter; a. thewThe cross-sectional area of the pores in the core (i.e., the cross-sectional area of formation water in the core), in square meters; substituting equations (3) and (4) into equation (2) is:
in the formula (5), the first and second groups,
a defined formula for porosity; equation (5) can be changed to:
in the formula (6), phitThe total porosity of the core;
the equivalent pore section index is defined as:
in the formula (7), IPS is formed by (0, 1), thereby reflecting the change rule of the pore structure index m value.
As can be seen from the above description, in the present embodiment, in steps M01 and M02, an equivalent pore section index can be calculated by using the formation water resistivity, the total core porosity, and the core resistivity when the core is 100% saturated with formation water on the basis of the equivalent rock volume model, and the equivalent pore section index can reflect the core pore structure.
M03: and calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
In step M03, from the form of equation (7) of the equivalent pore section index, when the porosity of the core is larger and the resistivity is lower, the equivalent pore section index IPS is larger; when the pore structure of the core is deteriorated, the porosity is reduced, the higher the resistivity is, the smaller the equivalent pore section index IPS is.
Logarithm is taken on both sides of equation (7), the IPS variation range is (— infinity, 0), and then:
m＝-log IPS (8)
according to the rock electricity experiment, the m value range of the east part of China (Daqing, Dahong Kong, Shengli, Liaohe and Jianghan) is 1.5-3. According to Mexico core experiment data, the m value of the sandstone is 0.5-2.6; in order to make the equivalent pore section index accurately reflect the change of the m value, the numerical change range of the formula (8) should be controlled between 0 and 6 according to the numerical simulation result of domestic researchers. The value of m should have certain constraints on its own, and its upper limit should generally not be greater than 3.0. In argillaceous sandstones and siltstones, due to the narrow pore throat and low permeability, at least in medium-high pore reservoirs, argillaceous sandstones and siltstones have higher m values than those of pure reservoirs. When the sandstone contains gray matter, the pore permeability decreases, and its m tends to increase.
Step M04: and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
The specific method of step M04 may be: the value of the pore section index M calculated according to the step M03, and R obtained from the water analysis datawCombining the porosity log and the deep resistivity log in the logThe line may calculate the reservoir total water saturation Swt. The following Archie equation can be used for calculation:
in formula (9), Swt represents the water saturation,%; rtThe actual resistivity of the stratum is shown, wherein omega m and n are cementing indexes and have no dimension; and calculating the oil-gas saturation Sog of the core according to Sog-1-Swt.
From the above description, the invention provides a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index, firstly, on the basis of an equivalent rock volume model, calculating the equivalent pore section index by using a rock core experiment and a conventional logging curve, wherein the equivalent pore section index can reflect a rock core pore structure, then defining a pore structure index for the equivalent pore section index, simultaneously considering the pore size of a reservoir and the pore structure of the reservoir, and finally calculating the saturation by using the pore structure index and an Archie formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
To further illustrate the present solution, the present invention provides a specific application example of the saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index, taking a certain oil field well H as an example, and the specific application example specifically includes the following contents, and refer to fig. 7.
And (I) obtaining an equivalent pore section index.
S0: and obtaining an equivalent rock volume model.
Referring to fig. 6a, the equivalent rock volume model consists of the core skeleton and the formation water in the core pores. It should be noted that the equivalent rock volume model is based on cores that are 100% saturated with formation water.
S1: and acquiring logging curve data.
It is understood that the well log data is conventional well log data, including: three lithology logging curve data, three porosity logging curve data and three electrical logging curve data.
S2: and calculating the formation water resistivity by using a visual formation water resistivity method according to the resistivity logging curve data.
It will be appreciated that S2 may also use natural potential curve data or other methods to calculate formation water resistivity.
S3: and calculating the total porosity of the reservoir according to the acoustic time difference logging curve data.
It is understood that S3 may also be calculated using one or more combinations of the three porosity curves.
S4: and calculating the resistivity of the reservoir flushing zone according to the shallow lateral resistivity curve data.
S5: and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the flushing zone of the reservoir.
The calculation formula in S5 may be:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; rxoThe resistivity of the reservoir flush zone, Ω · m.
From the foregoing steps 102a to 102c, steps S1 to S5 may be replaced with:
s1': acquiring core resistivity, core skeleton resistivity, lithology coefficient, saturation coefficient and cementation index, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
it is understood that step S1' refers to the core resistivity when the core is 100% saturated with formation water, i.e., the reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water.
S2': and calculating the formation water resistivity according to the formation water analysis data.
S3': and calculating the total porosity of the reservoir according to the neutron porosity curve data.
It is understood that the principle of step S3' is similar to step S3.
S4': and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
The calculation formula in S4' may be:
in the formula, IPS is equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; r0The resistivity of the reservoir, Ω · m, is the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water.
It can be understood that the steps S1 'to S4' use an equivalent rock volume model, and consider the resistance of the entire core as the resistance of the core skeleton and the pore fluid in the core in parallel, specifically as in formula (1). Since the resistance of the core skeleton tends to be infinite, the formula (1) is written as a formula (2), in addition, the formulas (3) and (4) are defined by the resistance, the formulas (3) and (4) are brought into the formula (2), and the formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index is obtained by combining the definition of the porosity, as shown in the formula (7).
It can be understood that: the equivalent pore section index IPS calculated in the steps S1 to S5 is more generalized and more convenient to operate, when the core experimental data do not exist, the method has a wide application range, but the calculation accuracy is relatively poor, the equivalent pore section index IPS calculated in the steps S1 'to S4' is calculated based on the rock experimental data, so that the result is more accurate, certain requirements on the core data in quantity and quality are met, certain limitations are realized, and different calculation methods can be selected according to self conditions in an oil field.
And (II) calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
S6: and calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
In step S6, in the form of formula (7) of the equivalent pore section index, when the porosity of the core is larger and the resistivity is lower, the equivalent pore section index IPS is larger; when the pore structure of the core is deteriorated, the porosity is reduced, the higher the resistivity is, the smaller the equivalent pore section index IPS is.
Taking the logarithm on both sides of equation (7), the IPS variation range is (— infinity, 0), and a formula for calculating the pore structure index can be obtained as shown in equation (8).
According to the rock electricity experiment, the m value range of the east part of China (Daqing, Dahong Kong, Shengli, Liaohe and Jianghan) is 1.5-3. According to Mexico core experiment data, the m value of the sandstone is 0.5-2.6; in order to make the equivalent pore section index accurately reflect the change of the m value, the numerical change range of the formula (8) should be controlled between 0 and 6 according to the numerical simulation result of domestic researchers. The value of m should have certain constraints on its own, and its upper limit should generally not be greater than 3.0. In argillaceous sandstones and siltstones, due to the narrow pore throat and low permeability, argillaceous sandstones and siltstones have higher m values, at least in medium-high pore formations, compared with pure formations. When the sandstone contains gray matter, the pore permeability decreases, and its m tends to increase.
And (III) determining the water saturation of the reservoir by utilizing the porosity structural index.
S7: and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by utilizing the porosity structural index and an Archie's formula.
According to the value of the equivalent pore section index m calculated in the step S6 and the value of R calculated in the step SwAnd calculating the total water saturation Swt of the core by combining the porosity logging curve and the deep resistivity logging curve in the logging curve. The water saturation of the core can be calculated by adopting an Archie formula (formula 9), and the oil and gas saturation of the core is calculated according to Sog-1-Swt, namely Sog.
The interpretation result of the well H is shown in fig. 8, in the interpretation layer No. 1 in the first wire frame and the interpretation layer No. 2 in the second wire frame, when the compact layer sandwiched in the gas layer causes the reduction of the pores and the obvious increase of the resistivity, namely the sandstone section sandwiched with siltstone at 1987 and 1988 m in the layer No. 1, and the corresponding depth section sandwiched with siltstone in the interpretation layer No. 2, such as: at 2001-2005 m, 2005.9-2006.8 m and 2015.7-2016.4 m, the oil and gas saturation calculated by the method (lane 5 in the figure, SW2 curve) is also correspondingly low, while the saturation calculated by the conventional method (lane 5 in the figure, water saturation curve) hardly reflects this. The equivalent pore section index comprehensively reflects the change of the porosity and the resistivity, and can better depict the influence of the change of the internal pore structure of the reservoir on the oil-gas saturation.
It can be understood that, in combination with the conventional saturation calculation result, the saturation calculated by the method can also visually indicate the gas thickness and distribution characteristics of the effective reservoir, and can be used for quick division of the effective reservoir.
From the above description, the invention provides a saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section index, firstly, on the basis of an equivalent rock volume model, calculating the equivalent pore section index by using a rock core experiment and a conventional logging curve, wherein the equivalent pore section index can reflect a rock core pore structure, then defining a pore structure index for the equivalent pore section index, simultaneously considering the pore size of a reservoir and the pore structure of the reservoir, and finally calculating the saturation by using the pore structure index and an Archie formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide a saturation determination device based on equivalent pore section index, which can be used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of solving the problem of the saturation determination device based on the equivalent pore section index is similar to that of the saturation determination method based on the equivalent pore section index, the implementation of the saturation determination device based on the equivalent pore section index can refer to the implementation of the saturation determination method based on the equivalent pore section index, and repeated parts are not described again. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the system described in the embodiments below is preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware are also possible and contemplated.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of a saturation determination apparatus based on an equivalent pore section index, which can implement a saturation determination method based on an equivalent pore section index, and with reference to fig. 9, the saturation determination apparatus based on an equivalent pore section index specifically includes the following contents:
an equivalent pore section index determining unit 10, configured to obtain an equivalent pore section index;
a pore structure index calculation unit 20 for calculating a pore structure index using the equivalent pore section index;
and a water saturation determination unit 30 for determining the reservoir water saturation using the porosity structure index.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining unit includes:
the model creating module is used for creating an equivalent rock volume model;
and the equivalent pore section index obtaining module is used for obtaining the equivalent pore section index by utilizing the equivalent rock volume model according to the resistance parallel principle.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
a logging curve data acquisition module: for obtaining well log data;
a logging curve data calculation module: the system is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir washing zone resistivity according to logging curve data;
the equivalent pore section index first calculation module: and the method is used for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity.
In one embodiment, the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data acquisition module comprises: the system is used for acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data calculation module comprises: the method is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
equivalent pore section index calculation module the second calculation module: the method is used for calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
In an embodiment, the water saturation determining unit is specifically configured to: and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention provides a saturation determination apparatus based on equivalent pore section index, firstly, based on an equivalent rock volume model, an equivalent pore section index is calculated by using two methods, namely a core experiment and a conventional logging curve, the equivalent pore section index can reflect a core pore structure, then a pore structure index is defined for the equivalent pore section index, the pore structure index considers the reservoir porosity and the reservoir pore structure at the same time, and finally, the saturation is calculated by using the pore structure index and an Archie's formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a specific implementation manner of an electronic device, which is capable of implementing all steps in the saturation determining method based on the equivalent pore section index in the foregoing embodiment, and referring to fig. 10, the electronic device specifically includes the following contents:
a processor (processor)1201, a memory (memory)1202, a communication interface 1203, and a bus 1204;
the processor 1201, the memory 1202 and the communication interface 1203 complete communication with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is configured to implement information transmission between related devices, such as a server-side device, a detection device, and a client device.
The processor 1201 is configured to call a computer program in the memory 1202, and the processor executes the computer program to implement all the steps of the equivalent pore section index-based saturation determination method in the above embodiments, for example, the processor executes the computer program to implement the following steps:
step 100: and obtaining the equivalent pore section index.
Step 200: and calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
Step 300: and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index.
From the above description, it can be seen that, in the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application, on the basis of the equivalent rock volume model, the equivalent pore section index is calculated by using two methods, namely, a core experiment and a conventional logging curve, and the equivalent pore section index can reflect a core pore structure, then the pore structure index is defined for the equivalent pore section index, the pore structure index considers the reservoir porosity and the reservoir pore structure at the same time, and finally the saturation is calculated by using the pore structure index and the aldrich formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the equivalent pore section index-based saturation determination method in the above embodiments, where the computer-readable storage medium stores thereon a computer program, and the computer program implements all steps of the equivalent pore section index-based saturation determination method in the above embodiments when executed by a processor, for example, the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
step 100: and obtaining the equivalent pore section index.
Step 200: and calculating the pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index.
Step 300: and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index.
As can be seen from the above description, in the computer-readable storage medium in the embodiment of the present application, on the basis of the equivalent rock volume model, an equivalent pore section index is calculated by using a core experiment and a conventional well logging curve, where the equivalent pore section index may reflect a core pore structure, a pore structure index is defined for the equivalent pore section index, and the pore structure index considers the reservoir porosity and the reservoir pore structure at the same time, and finally the saturation is calculated by using the pore structure index and an algi formula. The calculation accuracy and the interpretation coincidence rate of the saturation degree are greatly improved, the aim of calculating the saturation degree of the complex reservoir stratum by the conventional well logging series is fulfilled, and the problem of quantitative evaluation of the saturation degree of the reservoir stratum is effectively solved.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program class embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
Although the present application provides method steps as described in an embodiment or flowchart, additional or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive efforts. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When an actual apparatus or client product executes, it may execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in the context of parallel processors or multi-threaded processing) according to the embodiments or methods shown in the figures.
Although embodiments of the present description provide method steps as described in embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When an actual apparatus or end product executes, it may execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., parallel processors or multi-threaded environments, or even distributed data processing environments) according to the method shown in the embodiment or the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited elements is not excluded.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, in implementing the embodiments of the present description, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, and the like. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may therefore be considered as a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The embodiments of this specification may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The described embodiments may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is only an example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.
Claims (17)
1. A saturation determination method based on equivalent pore section indexes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining an equivalent pore section index;
calculating a pore structure index by using the equivalent pore section index;
and determining the water saturation of the reservoir by using the porosity structural index.
2. The saturation determination method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining an equivalent pore section index comprises:
creating an equivalent rock volume model;
and according to a resistance parallel principle, obtaining the equivalent pore section index by using the equivalent rock volume model.
3. The saturation determination method according to claim 2, wherein said obtaining the equivalent pore section index using the equivalent rock volume model according to a resistive parallel principle comprises:
acquiring logging curve data;
acquiring formation water resistivity, total reservoir porosity and reservoir flushing zone resistivity according to the logging curve data;
and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity.
4. The saturation determination method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index based on the product of the formation water resistivity, the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity (the reservoir shallow resistivity at 100% saturation with formation water) is:
wherein IPS is the equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; rxoThe resistivity of the reservoir flush zone, Ω · m.
5. The saturation determination method according to claim 2, wherein said obtaining the equivalent pore section index using the equivalent rock volume model according to a resistive parallel principle comprises:
acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to the core experiment data, the formation water analysis data and the logging curve data;
and calculating the equivalent pore section index according to the product of the resistivity of the formation water and the total porosity of the reservoir and the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
6. The saturation determination method according to claim 5, wherein the calculation formula for calculating the equivalent pore section index based on the product of the formation water resistivity, the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water is:
wherein IPS is the equivalent pore section index and is dimensionless; rwIs formation water resistivity, Ω · m; phi is the total reservoir porosity,%; r0The resistivity of the reservoir, Ω · m, is the resistivity of the reservoir when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water.
7. The saturation determination method according to claim 1, wherein said calculating a pore structure index using said equivalent pore section index comprises: calculating the pore structure index formula by using the equivalent pore section index as follows:
m＝-logIPS
wherein m is a pore structure index and is dimensionless.
8. The saturation determination method according to claim 7, wherein the pore structure index m has a value ranging from 0 to 3.
9. The saturation determination method according to claim 1, wherein said determining a reservoir water saturation using said porosity structure index comprises:
and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
10. The saturation determination method according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula for calculating the reservoir water saturation according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithology coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, the cementation index, the reservoir total porosity and the pore structure index is as follows:
in the formula, a: lithology coefficient, dimensionless; b: saturation coefficient, dimensionless; n: cementing index, dimensionless; sw: reservoir water saturation,%; rt: reservoir undisturbed formation resistivity, Ω · m.
11. A saturation determination apparatus based on an equivalent pore section index, comprising:
the equivalent pore section index obtaining unit is used for obtaining the equivalent pore section index;
the pore structure index calculation unit is used for calculating a pore structure index by utilizing the equivalent pore section index;
and the water saturation determining unit is used for determining the water saturation of the reservoir by utilizing the porosity structural index.
12. The saturation determination apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the equivalent pore section index obtaining unit includes:
the model creating module is used for creating an equivalent rock volume model;
and the equivalent pore section index obtaining module is used for obtaining the equivalent pore section index by utilizing the equivalent rock volume model according to a resistance parallel principle.
13. The saturation determination apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
a logging curve data acquisition module: for obtaining well log data;
a logging curve data calculation module: the logging tool is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir washing zone resistivity according to the logging curve data;
the equivalent pore section index first calculation module: and the equivalent pore section index is calculated according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total reservoir porosity and the reservoir washzone resistivity.
14. The saturation determination apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the equivalent pore section index obtaining module includes:
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data acquisition module comprises: the system is used for acquiring core experiment data, formation water analysis data and logging curve data;
the core experiment data and formation water analysis data calculation module comprises: the device is used for acquiring formation water resistivity, reservoir total porosity and reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with formation water according to the core experiment data, the formation water analysis data and the logging curve data;
equivalent pore section index calculation module the second calculation module: and the equivalent pore section index is calculated according to the product of the formation water resistivity and the total porosity of the reservoir and the reservoir resistivity when the reservoir is 100% saturated with the formation water.
15. The saturation determination apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the water saturation determination unit is specifically configured to: and calculating the water saturation of the reservoir according to the formation water resistivity, the product of the lithological coefficient and the saturation coefficient, the resistivity of the undisturbed formation of the reservoir, the cementation index, the total porosity of the reservoir and the pore structure index.
16. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps of the saturation determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented when the program is executed by the processor.
17. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the saturation determination method of any one of claims 1 to 10.
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