CN111562173A - Friction wear tester clamp - Google Patents
Friction wear tester clamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN111562173A CN111562173A CN202010474365.3A CN202010474365A CN111562173A CN 111562173 A CN111562173 A CN 111562173A CN 202010474365 A CN202010474365 A CN 202010474365A CN 111562173 A CN111562173 A CN 111562173A
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- wedge
- base
- lever
- hole
- friction wear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction and wear tester clamp, the basic structure of which comprises: the base is provided with a horizontal guide hole and a through hole vertical to the guide hole; the wedge mechanism comprises a wedge block guided in the guide hole and a sliding block matched with the wedge block and penetrating out of the through hole; the self-locking thread pair is arranged on the base and drives the wedge block to move; the lever mechanisms are at least provided with two lever mechanisms and are arranged around the sliding block, and one end of each lever in each lever mechanism is supported on the sliding block; one side of the pressing part, which is opposite to the base, is provided with a pressure-bearing part which is pressed by the other end of the lever, and a clamping space is formed between the pressing part and the base. The clamping device is high in clamping speed and good in clamping reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a friction and wear tester clamp.
Background
The friction wear tester is one of the most common testers in the mechanical field, and is often referred to simply as a friction tester or a wear tester. The friction and wear test firstly needs to position and clamp a workpiece on a workbench, the traditional workpiece positioning and clamping mainly depends on the structure of the inner hexagon screw matched pressing block, when the service life is too long, the edge of the inner hexagon is enabled, and the screw hole matched with the inner hexagon screw is worn, so that the clamping precision is influenced, and meanwhile, the problem of insufficient clamping force can be caused by the existence of a threaded connection gap. Therefore, it is common to provide a special clamp for clamping the workpiece.
Chinese patent document CN207751789U discloses a ball pivot friction wear tester clamp, which substantially comprises two parts, one part is a ball pin clamp for clamping a ball pin, the other part is a ball seat clamp for clamping a ball seat, and the two parts are assembled by screws. The ball pin clamp restricts two degrees of freedom of the ball pin, in other words, after the ball pin is clamped, only one degree of freedom friction wear test can be carried out, and the friction wear test is not consistent with the performance of the ball pin to be verified, in other words, the friction wear clamp cannot limit the degree of freedom of the tested object in practical application, and only the ball seat needs to be clamped in principle. The ball seat may be clamped using, for example, the socket head cap screw in combination with the press block as described above, but as mentioned above, the problems described above are inevitable.
Chinese patent document CN108152126A discloses an adjustable clamp for high-speed friction and wear testing machine, the clamp itself constructed by the adjustable clamp is relatively simple, and the adjustable clamp comprises a clamp sleeve, and a friction sample is directly inserted into the clamp sleeve, but lacks other constraints. It will be appreciated that friction requires a certain positive pressure on the sample, that the sample may wobble if it is not constrained by the direction of the positive pressure, and that the sample may jump directly out of the grip sleeve when the means for providing positive pressure is disengaged from the sample.
Chinese patent document CN209182144U discloses a friction and wear test fixture capable of clamping a rectangular piece, wherein the fixture main body is provided with a groove, a bolt hole is formed in a groove wall body defining the groove, a small groove is further formed in the groove bottom, a gasket for supporting a sample is arranged in the small groove, and a fixing hole is formed in the bolt hole for the sample. After the sample is placed in the groove, the bolt penetrates through the groove to realize fixation. In order to put the sample conveniently, a gap is reserved between the groove and the sample, a certain degree of freedom exists in the normal direction of the gap, only one bolt is used for clamping, and the sample has a certain degree of freedom in the circumferential direction of the bolt. Although both degrees of freedom do not have a large amount of freedom, the sample frequently shakes during the frictional wear operation, so that the frictional wear is not uniform, and it is difficult to perform accurate verification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction wear tester clamp which is high in clamping speed and relatively good in clamping reliability.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a friction wear tester jig whose basic structure includes:
the base is provided with a horizontal guide hole and a through hole vertical to the guide hole;
the wedge mechanism comprises a wedge block guided in the guide hole and a sliding block matched with the wedge block and penetrating out of the through hole;
the self-locking thread pair is arranged on the base and drives the wedge block to move;
the lever mechanisms are at least provided with two lever mechanisms and are arranged around the sliding block, and one end of each lever in each lever mechanism is supported on the sliding block;
one side of the pressing part, which is opposite to the base, is provided with a pressure-bearing part which is pressed by the other end of the lever, and a clamping space is formed between the pressing part and the base.
Optionally, the self-locking thread pair is configured to: two threaded holes are formed in the two opposite sides of the wedge block on the base;
providing a fixing plate fixed at the end part of the wedge block, wherein the fixing plate is provided with an unthreaded hole aligned with the threaded hole;
and providing a pair of bolts, wherein the corresponding bolts penetrate through the unthreaded holes and then are matched with the threaded holes.
Optionally, the wedge comprises:
a wedge portion;
a front guide rod connected to the front end of the wedge part in the actuating direction;
the rear guide rod is connected to the rear end of the wedge part in the actuating direction;
accordingly, the guide holes include a front guide hole adapted to the front guide bar and a rear guide hole adapted to the rear guide bar.
Optionally, the end of the wedge ramp where the leading bar is located has a constraint to limit forward movement of the slider.
Optionally, the front guide hole and the rear guide hole are both rectangular holes, and correspondingly, the front guide rod and the rear guide rod are both quadrangular bodies with rectangular bottom surfaces.
Optionally, the portion of the slider that engages the wedge has a roller.
Optionally, the top end of the slider is provided with a spring supported on top of the base for return of the slider.
Optionally, one surface of the base facing the pressing part is provided with a middle convex part;
the pressing part comprises a top plate vertical to the moving direction of the sliding block, a connecting plate which is folded from two opposite sides of the top plate to the base side, and a pressing plate which is connected to the tail end of the connecting plate and is parallel to the top plate;
the two pressing plates are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the middle convex part;
correspondingly, one side of the pressure plate, which is far away from the base, is pressed by the other end of the lever to form the pressure bearing part.
Optionally, a spring is disposed between the middle protrusion and the top plate.
Optionally, the sliding block comprises two split parts, wherein one part forms a lifting rod which is guided to the via hole, and the other part is a supporting plate rod which is supported by the lifting rod and extends out of the supporting plate to two sides;
accordingly, the holder plate serves to hold one end of the corresponding lever.
In the embodiment of the invention, the provided clamp for the friction wear testing machine is suitable for clamping workpieces in an embedding or pressing mode, and the clamping mode is realized by changing the distance between the base and the pressing part. The distance change is realized through the inclined wedge mechanism, the power of the inclined wedge mechanism comes from the self-locking thread pair, and after the inclined wedge mechanism is adjusted in place, the state retention is better. Meanwhile, the wedge mechanism drives the pair of lever mechanisms to press the pressing part, and even if the workpiece is pressed on one side of the pressing part, the rigid pressing provided by the two lever mechanisms can not generate deflection. By means of the structure, reliable clamping can be achieved. Except the screw thread pair, the other parts are driven parts, and the screw thread pair belongs to a kinematic pair which is relatively convenient to operate in the field of machinery and is beneficial to rapid clamping of workpieces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a friction wear tester with a loose clamp in one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of clamping the jig of the frictional wear testing machine in one embodiment.
In the figure: 1. the novel bearing comprises a base, 2 parts of a front guide rod, 3 parts of a front guide hole, 4 parts of a front wall plate, 5 parts of a roller, 6 parts of a jacking rod, 7 parts of a supporting plate, 8 parts of a pressing plate, 9 parts of a connecting plate, 10 parts of a top plate, 11 parts of an inner cavity, 12 parts of a lever, 13 parts of a rotating shaft, 14 parts of a spring, 15 parts of a screw, 16 parts of an end cover, 17 parts of a spring, 18 parts of a supporting plate rod, 19 parts of a supporting plate cavity, 20 parts of a supporting plate wall, 21 parts of a wedge part, 22 parts of a threaded hole, 23 parts of a rear guide hole, 24 parts of a.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 of the specification, a workpiece may be held between the base 1 and the platen 8, and the base 1 and the platen 8 may be vertically arranged or horizontally arranged as a whole. In the embodiment of the present invention, the base 1 and the platen 8 are disposed in the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction may be referred to the vertical disposition.
In the above-described vertical arrangement, the moving direction of the wedge portion 21 in the drawing is the horizontal direction, and in the above-described horizontal arrangement, the moving direction of the wedge portion 21 may be the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation direction of the wedge portion 21 is taken as a horizontal direction as an example for explanation.
With respect to the base 1 shown in fig. 1, it is a frame structure as a whole, rather than a closed cavity structure, and in particular, the mating interface between the front guide rod 2 and the front guide hole 3 shown in fig. 1 may or may not have lubrication, and this type of mating has no essential requirement for wear resistance, only certain requirement for smoothness of movement, and may be lubricated by graphite, or by a lubricant such as grease or grease.
The base 1 is preferably made of iron, without excluding the use of other material parts, such as plastic, among which materials with high strength and better shock absorption are also found in large quantities with the development of plastic technology. One of the main properties of cast iron is good damping performance, and for a structure with a complex cavity, the liquid fluidity is good, the filling performance is good, and the casting dimension certainty is good. In addition, the cast iron has better wear resistance, and the clamping working surface is not easy to generate excessive wear.
In fig. 1, the base 1 has a front wall 4 at the front end in the actuating direction of the wedge 21 and a rear wall corresponding to the rear of the wedge 21, the front wall 4 and the rear wall being provided with guide holes, which in the embodiment shown are horizontal holes for guiding the wedge in the horizontal direction.
The wedges are used to build a wedge mechanism, which is mainly used to produce a movement transformation in two directions perpendicular to each other, and the member that is the follower of the wedge mechanism is a slide, shown in fig. 1 as a lifting rod 6 with a roller 5, and a pallet bar 18 that follows the lifting rod 6.
Since the wedge is located below or inside the base 1, the slide needs to extend above the base 1 to output the motion.
In the figure, a through hole in the vertical direction is formed in the base 1 for guiding out the slider.
The through hole also forms a guide hole for the slide block to slide upwards.
Further, in the arrangement of the wedge mechanism, the wedge block is guided in the guide hole, and the slider which cooperates with the wedge block to form the wedge mechanism is protruded upward through the through hole.
The wedge mechanism converts the movement of the wedge horizontally to the left in the figure into the upward movement of the lifting rod 6 in the figure, and the movement conversion drives the lifting rod 6 upward based on the profile of the wedge mechanism, i.e., the inclined surface which is matched with the roller 5 in the figure.
The wedge is driven in fig. 1 using a threaded pair formed by the mating of the bolt 25 with the threaded hole 22 as shown in fig. 1. The thread pair adopts a self-locking thread pair, namely, the axial force of the bolt 25 is self-locked, at the moment, the pressure angle is smaller than the friction angle, and the horizontal component of the downward reaction force of the jacking rod 6, namely the component of the guide direction of the guide hole is not enough to unlock the thread pair.
The lifting rod 6 is moved in an upward direction and the clamping workpiece is moved in a downward direction, and a pair of lever mechanisms are provided in fig. 1, and a lever 12 is shown to convert the movement in one direction to the opposite direction.
The lever 12 is mounted on the base 1 by means of a horizontal pivot 13, one end of the lever 12 being actuated by an upwardly moving slider and the other end of the lever 12 being necessarily actuated downwardly.
Accordingly, a pressing portion is provided, which is actuated by the other end of the lever 12, and the distance between the pressing portion and the base 1 is reduced, thereby realizing clamping.
Correspondingly, a clamping space is formed between the base 1 and the pressing part, the positioned clamping part of the workpiece is placed in the clamping space, and then the screw thread pair drives the wedge mechanism to move so as to clamp the workpiece.
The clamping force depends on the pretightening force of the thread pair, and the determined working stroke is not preset, so that the clamping reliability is ensured.
It should be noted that the clamp does not mean that only one clamp is used in one machining process, in other words, the clamp shown in fig. 1 can be used in pair, or even a plurality of clamps can be used together. When the positioning reference, that is, all the bases 1 are mounted on the same table, the surfaces of the bases 1 provided to support the workpiece are substantially coplanar, and then the clamping spaces are tightened one by one to clamp the workpiece.
The location where the pressing portion is pressed by the lever 12 is referred to as a pressing portion, and since the lever 12 rotates substantially around the rotating shaft 13, it contains a vertical component and also a horizontal component, in a preferred structure, both ends of the lever 12 can adopt a roller structure to change sliding friction into rolling friction.
In fig. 1, there are two bolts 25, and for the two bolts 25, they are essentially configured as two screws, and the two screws can be driven by a hand wheel, i.e. manually clamped, the hand wheel provides an output gear, and driven gears are provided on the two screws and driven by the same hand wheel, so as to ensure the synchronism of the drives of the two screws.
Correspondingly, two threaded holes 22 are made in the rear wall of fig. 1, the axes of both threaded holes being parallel to the actuation direction of the wedge.
In addition, to ensure that the screw remains sufficiently rigid, the rear wall plate 4 may also be provided with threaded holes 22 aligned to form a multi-point support.
A support member for multi-point support may also be provided between the front and rear wall panels as shown, such as a support plate between the lift pins 6 and the rear wall panel, and the support plate may also have threaded holes for the threaded holes 22.
The fixing plate 26 in fig. 1 may be provided with a light hole through which the bolt passes directly without screw-fitting, and the bolt head drives the fixing plate 26 to the left.
Likewise, the end of the wedge may be fixedly connected to the fixed plate 26 or may simply be engaged without creating a connection, the resetting of the fixed plate 26 being based on the reaction of the lifting rod 6, for example.
The bolt 25 or screw may be provided by only one screw, which, if provided, is located below the wedge.
In fig. 1, the wedge includes three parts, namely a front guide rod 2, a wedge part 21 and a rear guide rod 24 in sequence from left to right, and the three parts may be an integral structure or a split assembly structure.
Wherein the wedge portion 21 provides a bevel for actuation, and correspondingly the bevel on the wedge portion 21 should be, for example, on the side of the lifting rod 6.
The wedge portion 21 has a smaller end and a larger end, and the right end of the wedge portion 21 is larger than the left end thereof based on the characteristic that the wedge portion 21 is actuated leftward in the drawing. The cross-sectional area of the rear guide bar 24 is relatively larger than the cross-sectional area of the front guide bar 3.
In fig. 1, the inclined surface of the wedge portion 21 forms an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the resistance applied to the wedge in the horizontal direction is relatively small. It will be appreciated that the greater the angle, the greater the resistance of the wedge to horizontal movement to the left and vice versa. Generally, the included angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and is not suitable to be too small, otherwise, the wedge is not reset by simply relying on the reaction of the jacking rod 6.
It will be appreciated that the included angle may be relatively small if the retainer plate 26 is fixedly attached to the wedge and the retainer plate 26 is directly driven by the thread pair.
The wedge block adopts a two-end guide structure, correspondingly, the front end of the wedge part 21 is connected with the front guide rod 2, the rear end of the wedge part is connected with the rear guide rod 24, the two-end guide stability is good, and clamping stagnation caused by overturning moment can not be generated.
Further, regarding the cross-sections of the front guide bar 2 and the rear guide bar 24, as described above, the cross-sectional area of the rear guide bar 24 is larger than that of the front guide bar 2, but the cross-sectional area of the front guide bar 2 is larger with respect to that of the left end of the wedge 21, thereby forming a shielding structure as shown in fig. 1, which serves to limit the left travel of the roller 5 in the drawing.
Preferably, the front guide hole 3 and the rear guide hole 23 are rectangular holes, and accordingly, the front guide bar 2 and the rear guide bar 24 are each a quadrangular prism having a rectangular bottom surface.
In the configuration shown in fig. 1, the top end of the slider, i.e. the assembly formed by the lifting rod 6 and the pallet rod 18 in the figure, is provided with a spring 17 supported on the top of the base 1 for the return of the slider.
In fig. 1, the spring 17 is received in a hole, the upper end of which is sealed by an end cap 16, the end cap 16 being fixed to the base 1 by means of screws 15.
The portion for mounting the lever mechanism in fig. 1 is an intermediate projection between the range surrounded by the left and right sides of the clamping space.
Correspondingly, the pressing part comprises a top plate 10 perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding block, a connecting plate 9 turned over from two opposite sides of the top plate 10 to the base 1 side, and a pressing plate 8 connected to the tail end of the connecting plate 9 and parallel to the top plate, wherein the pressing plate 8 is a pressed functional component and is also a pressure bearing part for bearing pressure of the pressing part. The two pressing plates 8 are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the middle convex part to form a structure with left and right balance.
Correspondingly, one surface of the pressing plate 8 departing from the base 1 is a pressure bearing surface pressed by the other end of the lever 12 to form the pressure bearing part.
Further, a spring 14 is provided between the middle protrusion and the top plate 10 to facilitate the return. Both spring 14 and spring 17 are shown as cylindrical springs and in some embodiments may be replaced by conical springs which have self-stability and for cylindrical springs, spring guide posts may be used to overcome the problem of the cylindrical springs being prone to buckling.
In addition, as for the springs 14 and 17, other elastic materials can be used instead, such as rubber, but the compressibility of the rubber is poor, and the allowance of the clamping space is relatively small.
In the structure shown in fig. 1, the slider includes two separated parts, one of which constitutes a lifting rod 6 guided to the via hole, and the other part is supported by the lifting rod 6 and extends out of a support plate rod 18 of the support plate 7 to both sides;
accordingly, the support plate 7 serves to hold one end of the corresponding lever 12.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a friction wear test machine anchor clamps which characterized in that includes:
the base is provided with a horizontal guide hole and a through hole vertical to the guide hole;
the wedge mechanism comprises a wedge block guided in the guide hole and a sliding block matched with the wedge block and penetrating out of the through hole;
the self-locking thread pair is arranged on the base and drives the wedge block to move;
the lever mechanisms are at least provided with two lever mechanisms and are arranged around the sliding block, and one end of each lever in each lever mechanism is supported on the sliding block;
one side of the pressing part, which is opposite to the base, is provided with a pressure-bearing part which is pressed by the other end of the lever, and a clamping space is formed between the pressing part and the base.
2. The friction wear tester clamp of claim 1, wherein the self-locking thread pair is configured to: two threaded holes are formed in the two opposite sides of the wedge block on the base;
providing a fixing plate fixed at the end part of the wedge block, wherein the fixing plate is provided with an unthreaded hole aligned with the threaded hole;
and providing a pair of bolts, wherein the corresponding bolts penetrate through the unthreaded holes and then are matched with the threaded holes.
3. The friction wear tester clamp of claim 1 wherein the wedge comprises:
a wedge portion;
a front guide rod connected to the front end of the wedge part in the actuating direction;
the rear guide rod is connected to the rear end of the wedge part in the actuating direction;
accordingly, the guide holes include a front guide hole adapted to the front guide bar and a rear guide hole adapted to the rear guide bar.
4. The friction wear tester fixture of claim 3 wherein the end of the wedge ramp where the leading bar is located has a constraint to limit forward movement of the slide.
5. The jig of a friction wear tester as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein the front guide hole and the rear guide hole are both rectangular holes, and correspondingly, the front guide bar and the rear guide bar are both quadrangular bodies having rectangular bottom surfaces.
6. The friction wear tester clamp of claim 1 wherein the portion of the slide that engages the wedge includes rollers.
7. The friction wear tester jig of claim 1 wherein the top end of the slide is provided with a spring supported on the top of the base for return of the slide.
8. The jig for a friction wear testing machine according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the base facing the pressing portion has a middle protrusion;
the pressing part comprises a top plate vertical to the moving direction of the sliding block, a connecting plate which is folded from two opposite sides of the top plate to the base side, and a pressing plate which is connected to the tail end of the connecting plate and is parallel to the top plate;
the two pressing plates are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the middle convex part;
correspondingly, one side of the pressure plate, which is far away from the base, is pressed by the other end of the lever to form the pressure bearing part.
9. The friction wear tester clamp of claim 8 wherein a spring is disposed between the intermediate protrusion and the top plate.
10. The friction wear tester jig of claim 1 wherein the slide block comprises two separate parts, one of which constitutes a lift bar guided to the via hole and the other of which is a pallet bar supported by the lift bar and extending out of the pallet to both sides;
accordingly, the holder plate serves to hold one end of the corresponding lever.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010474365.3A CN111562173B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Friction wear tester clamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010474365.3A CN111562173B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Friction wear tester clamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111562173A true CN111562173A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
| CN111562173B CN111562173B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010474365.3A Active CN111562173B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Friction wear tester clamp |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111562173B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006102887A (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-20 | Sagami Precision Kk | Workpiece clamping device |
| CN103481077A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-01 | 昆山凯诺尔金属制品有限公司 | Caterpillar track link clamping device |
| CN205719760U (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-11-23 | 吉林大学 | Prefastening machinery clamping mechanism for the test of combined load material mechanical performance |
| CN208239189U (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-12-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of friction wear testing machine oil pipe vertical clamp |
| CN209335133U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-09-03 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | A kind of multipurpose fraise jig |
| CN110595878A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-20 | 济南大学 | Clamp for friction wear testing machine |
-
2020
- 2020-05-29 CN CN202010474365.3A patent/CN111562173B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006102887A (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-20 | Sagami Precision Kk | Workpiece clamping device |
| CN103481077A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-01 | 昆山凯诺尔金属制品有限公司 | Caterpillar track link clamping device |
| CN205719760U (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-11-23 | 吉林大学 | Prefastening machinery clamping mechanism for the test of combined load material mechanical performance |
| CN208239189U (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-12-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of friction wear testing machine oil pipe vertical clamp |
| CN209335133U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-09-03 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | A kind of multipurpose fraise jig |
| CN110595878A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-20 | 济南大学 | Clamp for friction wear testing machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111562173B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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