CN111561289B - Underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling - Google Patents
Underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111561289B CN111561289B CN202010453627.8A CN202010453627A CN111561289B CN 111561289 B CN111561289 B CN 111561289B CN 202010453627 A CN202010453627 A CN 202010453627A CN 111561289 B CN111561289 B CN 111561289B
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- emergency release
- emergency
- well
- wellhead
- blowout preventer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
- E21B33/0355—Control systems, e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, acoustic, for submerged well heads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
- E21B33/038—Connectors used on well heads, e.g. for connecting blow-out preventer and riser
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling. The underwater wellhead emergency releasing and well sealing device comprises a blowout preventer and an emergency releasing device; the blowout preventer is connected with an underwater wellhead through a wellhead connector; the emergency release device comprises an emergency release connector female buckle and an emergency release connector male buckle which are matched with each other; the blowout preventer is connected with the female buckle of the emergency release joint, and the male buckle of the emergency release joint is connected with the marine riser; the riser is lifted under the working condition of emergency release, the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint are released under the action of lifting force, the release of the riser and an underwater wellhead is realized, and meanwhile, the ram is closed through the hydraulic control blowout preventer to seal a well. The underwater wellhead emergency releasing well-sealing device for deepwater drilling can be used for conventional drilling operation ships and engineering ships, has strong adaptability and flexible and convenient operation, and can be widely applied to drilling, well completion and well repair of deepwater oil and gas fields adopting an underwater wellhead development mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underwater wellhead emergency releasing and well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling, and belongs to the technical field of drilling, well completion and well repair in an offshore oil and gas field underwater wellhead mode.
Background
The underwater well mouth is common equipment for offshore oil and gas field development, the oil and gas well developed in the underwater well mouth mode generally needs to adopt a marine riser to establish a circulating channel between a floating drilling operation ship and the underwater well mouth in the drilling, well completion and well repair processes, and because the floating drilling operation ship has the risk of positioning failure in emergency, if the positioning failure occurs, the drilling operation ship continuously deviates from the underwater well mouth, a larger stress load can be generated on the underwater well mouth, even the drilling operation ship is damaged, so the emergency release of the marine riser and the well mouth is needed to be realized in emergency, and the safety of equipment such as the underwater well mouth, the marine riser and the like is ensured. Conventional emergent well plugging device includes the preventer, the electric-hydraulic control box, the control tube cable, large-scale equipment such as tube cable cylinder, trigger emergent release function, need pass through the actuating mechanism near control tube cable transmission electricity or liquid signal give the underwater wellhead from the platform, start relevant release action, this kind of mode is effectual, but the structure is complicated, control logic and control system equipment are complicated, bearing capacity to the drilling operation ship, deck space requirement is higher, and the control tube cable generally all needs to be installed along with the marine riser together, influence the operating efficiency of marine riser installation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple emergency releasing and well sealing device for an underwater wellhead, which has a simple structure, does not need to be provided with a control pipe cable from a drilling operation ship to the underwater wellhead independently, and triggers a power fluid system arranged on an underwater wellhead accessory to start well sealing action by utilizing the load generated by releasing on a marine riser so as to realize continuous actions of releasing and sealing the underwater wellhead.
The underwater wellhead emergency releasing well-sealing device reduces the requirements on a drilling operation ship, can adopt a small drilling ship or an engineering ship to carry out drilling and well repairing operations, reduces the operation cost, improves the operation efficiency, and is suitable for simple drilling and temporary well repairing operations.
The invention provides an underwater wellhead emergency releasing and well sealing device for deepwater drilling, which comprises a blowout preventer and an emergency releasing device;
the blowout preventer is connected with an underwater wellhead through a wellhead connector;
the emergency release device comprises an emergency release connector female buckle and an emergency release connector male buckle which are matched with each other;
the blowout preventer is connected with the emergency release joint female buckle through a blowout preventer connecting adapter, and the emergency release joint male buckle is connected with a riser through a riser connector adapter;
the riser is lifted under the working condition of emergency release, the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint are released under the action of lifting force, namely the riser is released from an underwater wellhead, and meanwhile, the blowout preventer is controlled through hydraulic pressure to close the flashboard to seal a well.
In the emergency release well sealing device for the underwater wellhead, the blowout preventer is used for closing the flashboard to seal the underwater wellhead when the emergency release action is started so as to prevent the fluid in the shaft from overflowing and polluting the marine environment.
In the emergency release well sealing device for the underwater wellhead, when emergency release is performed, the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint are released, so that the marine riser is released from the underwater wellhead; after releasing, the male buckle of the emergency release joint and the connected marine riser are hung on a drilling operation ship, and the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the connected blowout preventer are left above an underwater wellhead.
In the above-mentioned emergency release well-sealing device for an underwater wellhead, the female buckle of the emergency release joint is connected with the male buckle of the emergency release joint through the shear pin.
In the above-mentioned emergent well shutting device of taking off of underground well head, the emergent box of taking off the joint with if there is the sealing ring emergency release takes off to be equipped with between the joint pin, every time the emergent box of taking off the joint with the emergent box of taking off the joint is accomplished and is even gone into before water, all needs to carry out the pressure test to ensure to connect sealed validity.
In the emergency release well-sealing device for the underwater wellhead, the emergency release well-sealing device for the underwater wellhead comprises two control boxes arranged on a female buckle of the emergency release joint;
each control box comprises one or more energy accumulators and a two-position one-way valve, and mainly provides power for closing a ram block of the blowout preventer to seal a well, so that control over well closing power fluid of the blowout preventer is realized;
the top of the valve core of the two-position one-way valve is connected with a rope, and the other end of the rope is connected with the male buckle of the emergency release joint;
when the female buckle of the emergency release connector is matched with the male buckle of the emergency release connector, the two-position one-way valve is kept at a closed position through a spring;
when the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint are released, the rope drives the valve core to move upwards and compress the spring under the action of the lifting force of the marine riser; when the valve core reaches the locking position, the communication chamber of the two-position one-way valve is communicated with the energy accumulator,
and the communication chamber inputs power fluid to a ram closing cavity of the blowout preventer through a hydraulic pipeline to trigger a well closing action.
In the device for emergency releasing and sealing of the underwater wellhead, the energy accumulator is provided with a pressure gauge.
In the emergency releasing well-sealing device for the underwater wellhead, the valve core is provided with the locking opening, and the locking opening is matched with the locking mechanism on the valve body outer shell of the two-position one-way valve to lock the valve core.
When the underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device for deepwater drilling is utilized, the emergency releasing well sealing device can be carried out according to the following steps:
connecting an underwater wellhead and a riser through the underwater wellhead emergency trip well sealing device of the deepwater drilling;
when an emergency release working condition occurs, the marine riser is lifted by a crane or a hook on an operation ship, and under the action of lifting force, the female buckle of the emergency release joint is separated from the male buckle of the emergency release joint, so that the marine riser is released from the underwater wellhead; continuing to lift the marine riser, starting hydraulic control to control the blowout preventer to close the ram for well sealing,
specifically, after the shearing pin is sheared, the rope drives a valve core of the two-position one-way valve to move upwards in the lifting process of the male buckle of the emergency release joint, after the valve core reaches a locking position, the locking mechanism is matched with a locking notch of the valve core, the valve core is locked, the riser is continuously lifted, the rope is pulled off, a communication chamber of the two-position one-way valve is communicated with the energy accumulator, power fluid in the energy accumulator enters the communication chamber through a pipeline and then enters a hydraulic pipeline of a ram closing chamber of the blowout preventer, a well closing action is triggered, and the emergency well closing action is completed; and meanwhile, the riser is continuously lifted, the rope is broken, and the emergency release action is completed.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the underwater wellhead emergency releasing and well sealing device for deepwater drilling can carry out drilling and well repairing operations on the deepwater underwater wellhead by adopting a small drilling ship or an engineering ship, so that the operation cost can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency can be improved.
2. The emergency release well-sealing device for the underwater wellhead of the deepwater drilling well is characterized in that all control function modules of emergency release and well sealing are arranged near the underwater wellhead, and complex ground control equipment does not need to be arranged on a drilling operation ship.
3. The underwater wellhead emergency releasing well-plugging device for deepwater drilling disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the signal transmission and power equipment for emergency well plugging are all put under water, the conventional control pipe cable and matched roller equipment are not needed, and the requirements on the bearing and deck space of a drilling operation ship are reduced.
4. The underwater wellhead emergency releasing well-sealing device for deepwater drilling can be used for conventional drilling operation ships and engineering ships, has strong adaptability and flexible and convenient operation, and can be widely applied to drilling, well completion and well repair of deepwater oil and gas fields adopting an underwater wellhead development mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater wellhead emergency trip well plugging device for deepwater drilling;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a control box in the subsea wellhead emergency trip well shut-in device of the present invention for deepwater drilling;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the emergency releasing and well plugging device for the underwater wellhead of the deepwater drilling well after emergency releasing is completed;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the control box after the emergency release of the underwater wellhead emergency release well sealing device for deepwater drilling is completed.
The respective symbols in the figure are as follows:
1 marine riser, 2 emergent release joint male buckles, 3 emergent release joint female buckles, 4 control boxes, 5 blowout preventer connectors, 6, 7 hydraulic pipelines, 8 sea bed surfaces, 9 shear pins, 10 sealing rings, 11 ropes, 12 blowout preventers, 13 wellhead connectors, 14 underwater wellheads, 15 guide pipes, 4001 energy accumulators, 4002 pressure gauges, 4003 shut-off valves, 4004 oil drain pipelines, 4005 closing chambers, 4006 communicating chambers, 4007 springs, 4008 valve core lifting rings, 4009 locking mechanisms, 4010 valve cores, 4011 locking gaps, 4012 two-position one-way valve body outer shells, 4013, 4014 hydraulic pipelines and 4015 two-position one-way valves.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the underwater wellhead emergency trip well sealing device for deepwater drilling provided by the invention sequentially comprises from bottom to top: well head connector 13, preventer 12, preventer connector 5, emergent release connector box 3, emergent release connector pin 2, preventer 12 passes through well head connector 13 and connects on underwater well head 14, and emergent release connector pin 2 passes through the riser connector and links together with riser 1 to extend upward to the operation boats and ships through riser 1 all the time, and emergent release connector box 3 crosses preventer connector 5 and is connected with preventer 12. . Emergent uncoupling connector box 3 and emergent uncoupling connector pin 2 are connected in 2 outlying ~ 4 shear pins 9 realization through the equipartition between, emergent uncoupling connector box 3 and the sealed of emergent uncoupling connector pin 2 are realized by sealing ring 10, and emergent uncoupling connector box 3 and emergent uncoupling connector pin 2 are all need carry out pressure test before accomplishing even income water at every turn, in order to ensure to connect sealed validity.
Install two control box 4 on emergent release connects box 3, control box 4's main function is: and providing power fluid in an emergency situation, guiding the power fluid to enter a hydraulic pipeline 6 of a flashboard closing cavity of the blowout preventer 12, and triggering a well closing action for closing the flashboard to ensure that oil and gas in the shaft cannot overflow the shaft after the emergency release connector is released to pollute the marine environment.
As shown in fig. 2, the control box 4 has the following structure: including two accumulators 4001 and a two-position, one-way valve 4015 (one for each use). Wherein, install manometer 4002 on the energy storage ware 4001 for the pressure state of monitoring display energy storage ware under water, it is effective to ensure the pressure state. If the accumulator pressure is insufficient, it is necessary to charge the accumulator 4001 while keeping the shutoff valve 4003 closed. A spool lift ring 4008 on the top of the spool 4010 of the two-position one-way valve 4015 is connected to the emergency release joint pin 2 by a rope 11.
When the emergency release connector is in a connection state, the valve core is ensured to be in a communication position of the closing cavity 4005, the hydraulic pipeline 4013, the hydraulic pipeline 4014, the oil drainage pipeline 4004 and the shutoff valve 4003 through the pressure of the spring 4007, and the two-position one-way valve 4015 is kept in a shutoff position. The high-pressure power fluid stored in the accumulator 4001 is at a working pressure level and is in a standby state, and the shut-off valve 4003 is opened.
When an emergency release working condition occurs, the working ship takes measures, the riser 1 is lifted by a working ship crane or a hook, the lifting force is continuously increased, the load is transmitted to the shearing pin 9 and the rope 11 along the riser 1, after the shearing pin 9 is sheared, the rope 11 drives the valve core lifting ring 4008 of the two-position one-way valve 4015 and the valve core 4010, the closing chamber 4005 and the communication chamber 4006 which are connected with the valve core lifting ring to move upwards in the upward lifting process of the emergency release joint male buckle 2, when the locking notch 4011 of the valve core 4010 reaches a locking position, the spring triggers the locking mechanism 4009 (positioned on the valve body outer shell 4012 of the two-position one-way valve) to be matched with the locking notch 4011 on the valve core 4010, the position state of the valve core 4010 is locked, the communication chamber 4006 is communicated with hydraulic pipelines 4013 and 4014, the oil drain pipeline 4004 and the closing valve 4003 to be in a communication position, and high-pressure working liquid in the energy accumulator 4001 passes through the communication chamber 4006, enters a hydraulic pipeline 4013, enters a hydraulic pipeline 6 of a ram closing cavity of the blowout preventer, triggers well closing action, and returns oil to enter an oil drainage pipeline 4004 for directly discharging the sea through the hydraulic pipeline 4014 and a communication cavity 4006. And finishing the emergency well shut-in action. Meanwhile, the riser 1 is continuously lifted, the rope 11 connected between the emergency release joint male buckle 2 and the valve core lifting ring 4008 is pulled off, and the emergency release action is completed.
The structural schematic diagram of the underwater wellhead emergency release well plugging device for deepwater drilling after emergency release is shown in fig. 3, and the partial schematic diagram of the control box is shown in fig. 4.
Claims (6)
1. An emergency releasing and sealing device for an underwater wellhead of a deepwater drilling well comprises a blowout preventer and an emergency releasing device;
the blowout preventer is connected with an underwater wellhead through a wellhead connector;
the emergency release device comprises an emergency release connector female buckle and an emergency release connector male buckle which are matched with each other;
the blowout preventer is connected with the emergency release joint female buckle through a blowout preventer connecting adapter, and the emergency release joint male buckle is connected with a riser through a riser connector adapter;
lifting the marine riser under the working condition of emergency release, releasing the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint under the action of lifting force, namely releasing the marine riser from the underwater wellhead, and simultaneously controlling the blowout preventer to close the flashboard to seal the well through hydraulic control;
the underwater wellhead emergency release well sealing device comprises two control boxes arranged on the female buckle of the emergency release joint;
each control box comprises one or more accumulators and a two-position one-way valve;
the top of the valve core of the two-position one-way valve is connected with a rope, and the other end of the rope is connected with the emergency release male buckle;
when the female buckle of the emergency release connector is matched with the male buckle of the emergency release connector, the two-position one-way valve is kept at a closed position through a spring;
when the female buckle of the emergency release joint and the male buckle of the emergency release joint are released, the rope drives the valve core to move upwards and compress the spring under the action of the lifting force of the marine riser; when the valve core reaches the locking position, a communication chamber of the two-position one-way valve is communicated with the energy accumulator;
the communication chamber inputs power fluid to a ram closing cavity of the blowout preventer through a hydraulic pipeline to trigger a well closing action;
a pressure gauge is arranged on the energy accumulator;
and the valve core is provided with a locking opening, and the locking opening is matched with a locking mechanism on the valve body shell of the two-position one-way valve to lock the valve core.
2. The subsea wellhead emergency trip well shut-in device according to claim 1, wherein: the emergency release connector female buckle is connected with the emergency release connector male buckle through a shearing pin.
3. An underwater wellhead emergency trip well shut-in device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: and a plurality of sealing rings are arranged between the female buckle of the emergency release connector and the male buckle of the emergency release connector.
4. An emergency well head releasing and sealing method for an underwater well head of a deepwater drilling well comprises the following steps:
connecting the subsea wellhead and the riser by means of the subsea wellhead emergency trip well device for deepwater drilling according to claim 1 or 3;
when an emergency release working condition occurs, the marine riser is lifted by a crane or a hook on an operation ship, and under the action of lifting force, the female buckle of the emergency release joint is separated from the male buckle of the emergency release joint, so that the marine riser is released from the underwater wellhead; and continuing to lift the marine riser, and starting hydraulic control to control the blowout preventer to close the ram for well sealing.
5. An emergency well head releasing and sealing method for an underwater well head of a deepwater drilling well comprises the following steps:
connecting the subsea wellhead and the riser by means of the subsea wellhead emergency trip well plugging device of the deepwater drilling according to claim 2;
when an emergency release working condition occurs, the marine riser is lifted by a crane or a hook on an operation ship, and under the action of lifting force, the female buckle of the emergency release joint is separated from the male buckle of the emergency release joint, so that the marine riser is released from the underwater wellhead; and continuing to lift the marine riser, and starting hydraulic control to control the blowout preventer to close the ram for well sealing.
6. The subsea wellhead emergency trip well shut-in method according to claim 5, characterized in that: after the shearing pin is sheared, the rope drives a valve core of the two-position one-way valve to move upwards in the lifting process of the male buckle of the emergency release joint, after the valve core reaches a locking position, the locking mechanism is matched with a locking notch of the valve core, the valve core is locked, the marine riser is continuously lifted, the rope is broken, a communication cavity of the two-position one-way valve is communicated with the energy accumulator, power fluid in the energy accumulator enters the communication cavity through a pipeline and then enters a hydraulic pipeline of a ram block closing cavity of the blowout preventer, a well closing action is triggered, and the emergency well closing action is finished; and meanwhile, the riser is continuously lifted, the rope is broken, and the emergency release action is completed.
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| CN202010453627.8A CN111561289B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling |
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| CN202010453627.8A CN111561289B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method for deepwater drilling |
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| CN111561289B true CN111561289B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN112145095B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-05-17 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Emergency release device and method with tie-back function |
| CN112392429B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-09-27 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Underwater wellhead emergency releasing well sealing device and method with inner and outer barrel structures |
| CN112761565B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-10-11 | 纽威石油设备（苏州）有限公司 | Release device and emergent well plugging equipment that releases suitable for underwater wellhead |
| CN112682004B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-11-18 | 纽威石油设备（苏州）有限公司 | Emergency releasing well-sealing equipment for underwater well mouth |
| CN114320275A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Emergency release working condition simulation test method |
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