CN111560966A - Construction method of high-standard farmland - Google Patents
Construction method of high-standard farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN111560966A CN111560966A CN202010471355.4A CN202010471355A CN111560966A CN 111560966 A CN111560966 A CN 111560966A CN 202010471355 A CN202010471355 A CN 202010471355A CN 111560966 A CN111560966 A CN 111560966A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/02—Restraining of open water
- E02D19/04—Restraining of open water by coffer-dams, e.g. made of sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-standard farmland construction method, and relates to the field of farmland construction engineering. The construction method comprises the steps of construction measurement lofting, cofferdam building, drainage arrangement and flood crossing measures, concrete engineering construction, masonry engineering construction, channel engineering construction, culvert pipe engineering construction, culvert gate engineering construction and the like. The invention has strong structural stability, strong drainage capacity and good flood-crossing capacity, and not only can accurately measure the settlement in the construction process, but also can timely and accurately monitor the construction quality by strictly measuring the reference point, the datum line and the level point, and arranging the control net and embedding the permanent control point; meanwhile, by building cofferdams, drainage measures and flood-fighting measures, the drainage, water-proofing and flood-fighting capabilities of the high-standard farmland are better, the farmland is protected favorably, and the service life of the farmland is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of farmland construction engineering, in particular to a high-standard farmland construction method.
Background
The high standard farmland is characterized by land leveling, centralized connection, perfect facilities, agricultural and electric matching, fertile soil, good ecology, strong disaster resistance, drought and flood conservation, high and stable yield which are suitable for modern agricultural production and operation modes, and is divided into permanent and basic farmland farmlands.
An invention patent entitled "a high-standard farmland construction method (publication number: CN 201810945958.6)" of an existing invention discloses a farmland construction method, which comprises the steps of S1: land leveling: reasonably dividing and merging the field blocks, leveling the land, measuring the leveled land, and determining the length and the width of the field blocks; s2: soil detection and improvement: detecting the soil of the leveled soil in the S1, determining a soil improvement scheme, improving the soil and fertilizing the soil fertility, applying farmyard manure, returning straws to the field, planting green manure, turning and burying to return the field, improving the organic matter content of the soil, applying a soil testing formula, promoting the balance of soil nutrients, promoting protective cultivation, treating the polluted soil and improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil of a plough layer; s3: irrigation and drainage: and reasonably constructing irrigation and drainage facilities according to the geographical environment.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the high-standard farmland is mainly improved aiming at improving the soil fertility degree of the farmland, and how to improve the structural stability and flood prevention and disaster resistance of the farmland which needs to be considered in the high-standard farmland is not mentioned, so that the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-standard farmland construction method which has the advantages of strong structural stability, strong drainage capability and good flood-fighting capability.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for constructing a high-standard farmland is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, construction measurement lofting,
according to the measurement reference point, the reference line and the level point provided by the owner, the measurement precision of the reference point can be calibrated together with a field supervisor, and the accuracy of data and data can be rechecked; determining an engineering construction control sideline, measuring and setting a control net for engineering construction according to the national surveying and mapping standard, and embedding a permanent control point so as to facilitate the engineering construction to be efficient;
s2, building a cofferdam,
constructing a cofferdam in a land section with smooth ground, wherein cohesive soil is selected as much as possible for the foundation soil of the cofferdam and the soil for filling the cofferdam, the filling of the cofferdam is carried out from the lowest position, layering and compaction are carried out, and the height difference of the cofferdam is smaller than 15 cm;
s3, arranging drainage measures and flood fighting measures,
when the drainage measures are arranged, rain water interception measures, water seepage interception measures and foundation pit drainage measures need to be built; when arranging flood prevention measures, flood prevention safety measures and emergency equipment are implemented, the cofferdam is heightened in time according to settlement in the process of flood prevention engineering, and the elevation of the top of the cofferdam is not lower than the design elevation;
s4, constructing concrete engineering,
before concrete construction, firstly, construction lofting is carried out and a foundation at a position for installing concrete is cleaned; during concrete construction, steel bars are erected by adopting steel templates, and concrete pouring and concrete maintenance are carried out after the steel bars are erected and inspected;
s5, constructing the masonry engineering,
adopt the masonry to construct, retaining wall foundation bottom should be built into 1: 5, forming an inclined slope opposite to the stress direction, and selecting larger selected stones for paving the foundation or the bottom layer of the retaining wall; the stone should be built by staggered joints in layers, the layers should be approximately horizontal, but small stone blocks should not be used for leveling;
s6, constructing the channel engineering,
firstly, cleaning surface soil on the ground of the channel engineering, and then cleaning plant roots, branches and leaves, weeds, garbage, waste residues and obstacles indicated by a supervision engineer in an excavated surface; then 2 1m3 excavators are adopted to cooperate with 2 bulldozers to excavate old channel soil, and sludge at the bottom of the channel is removed; finally, repairing the slope, and strictly constructing and setting out to prevent the loss of earthwork;
s7, constructing the culvert pipe engineering,
firstly, measuring and lofting the position of the culvert pipe to be constructed; then, earth excavation is carried out, a back-hoe excavator is adopted for trenching during pipe chase excavation, and excavation is carried out in a mode of manually combining with trimming; then, the concrete cushion layer is used as a working surface of the culvert pipe engineering, and the culvert pipe is installed on the concrete cushion layer; then, connecting the joints of adjacent culvert pipes by adopting brick-belt joints, and plugging mortar in gaps after pipe orifices are aligned so as to enable the joint parts to be tightly matched, and trowelling the inner wall surfaces of the culvert pipes; finally, backfilling earthwork of the culvert pipe engineering again, and inspecting the construction quality of the culvert pipe engineering;
s8, constructing the culvert gate engineering,
firstly, excavating a foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering, then constructing a foundation bed layer, and finally constructing a gate body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the settlement in the construction process can be accurately measured and the construction quality can be timely and accurately monitored by strictly measuring the reference point, the reference line and the level point, arranging the control net and embedding the permanent control point; by building cofferdams, drainage measures and flood-fighting measures, the drainage, water-proof and flood-fighting capabilities of the high-standard farmland are better, the farmland is protected favorably, and the service life of the farmland is prolonged; through the construction of concrete engineering, masonry engineering and channel engineering, the structure of the invention is more compact, and the influence of weeds and the like on farmlands is reduced; through the construction of culvert pipe engineering and culvert gate engineering, the structure of the invention is more reasonable and compact, thereby not only having better water discharging, water preventing and flood fighting capabilities, but also being more beautiful.
The present invention may further be configured in a preferred example, in step S1, during the construction survey, the control network includes a plane control system and a height control system which are established on site, and when the plane control system is established, the control network uses a control point provided by a proprietor to perform control, and sets a linear control pile, wherein the position of the control pile should be reliable in the future, and is convenient for protection and use during construction; when the height control system is established, the measuring instrument adopts a DS3 type level gauge, the height is guided to each temporary level point according to the level provided by a proprietor, the temporary level points are required to be firm and stable, the distance is not more than 500m, the temporary level points and the design level points are viewed from front to back, the temporary level points and the design level points are retested to be closed, and the closing difference is allowed to be +/-12 √ Lmm, wherein L is the number of kilometers of the length of the level points.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention realizes the arrangement of the control network, and the control network can help workers to timely and accurately grasp the construction progress and the construction condition of the invention.
In a preferred example, the present invention may be further configured that the step S1 further includes three steps of plane line laying, profile leveling, retesting and positioning;
when the wire is laid out on a plane, the relation between the points and a nearby control point or a building is designed according to the design coordinates of a starting point, a finishing point, a wire pile and a turning point of a project; then fixing each paying-off point on the bottom surface by using a mark pile according to the relations; then, after the starting point, the end point, the lead pile and the turning point of the project are all piled and verified, the center line and the corner are measured; then, when the central line is measured, a central pile is driven at fixed intervals, and the distance between the central piles is uniform, so that distance statistics and material taking during construction are facilitated; finally, scattering out an excavation sideline by lime according to the width required by engineering regulation;
during leveling of the longitudinal section, temporary leveling points are arranged at intervals of 20m along a construction line of a project, and the progress of the temporary leveling points requires that the closure difference does not exceed 1mm in a flat area; measuring the elevation of the bottom surface of each pile position at the center according to the temporary leveling points to check whether the ground elevation and the actual elevation of the design drawing are the same or not, and determining the trench excavation depth or the pipeline overhead height according to the temporary leveling points;
during retesting and positioning, the main original datum points are seriously retested according to the pile handing and written data in the supervision site, and the result is reported to the first party for confirmation 7 days after pile handing, so that permanent protection is realized.
By adopting the technical scheme, the accuracy of the construction measurement lofting method is further enhanced by setting the plane pay-off, the longitudinal section leveling, the retesting and the positioning, so that people can be helped to more clearly grasp the progress and the quality of the high-standard farmland of the building.
In a preferred example, the present invention may be further configured that, in step S3, when the rainwater interception measure is constructed, an intercepting drain is excavated 2m away from the excavation line around the foundation pit of the rainwater interception measure to intercept rainwater, the intercepting drain has a top width of 1.0m, a bottom width of 0.5m, and a depth of 0.6m, and a collecting well with a depth of 1.0m is provided, and a slurry pump is used to discharge water in the ditch into the aqueduct introducing channel;
when water seepage interception measures are built, 4 standard pipe wells with the diameter of 50cm are respectively arranged at the positions, 1.5m away from the opening line of the foundation pit, of the two sides of the trash rack bridge, and the height of the bottom of the pit is ^ 2.0m or so in consideration of not causing great change of the water content of foundation pit bedrock while intercepting external water seepage; meanwhile, pumping and discharging the well water of the tube well outside the water inlet channel diversion and drainage gate cofferdam;
when a foundation pit drainage measure is built, the main bearing stratum of the sewage grid bridge and the flood wall building is weathered red sandstone or strongly weathered red sandstone, so that the main bearing stratum has certain special physical and mechanical characteristics of water expansion and water loss shrinkage, and a certain water level must be controlled during foundation pit drainage.
By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of the drainage measures is realized, so that the drainage and flood prevention capability of the invention is stronger under the action of the drainage measures.
In a preferred example, the invention can be further configured that the foundation pit of the rainwater interception measure adopts open trench drainage, a drainage ditch is firstly dug in the excavation process of the foundation pit, the width of the drainage ditch is 0.5m, the depth of the drainage ditch is 0.8m, a water collecting well with the thickness of 1.5 multiplied by 1.5m is arranged, a submersible pump is used for pumping and draining accumulated water out of the cofferdam, and the distance between the water surface in the ditch and the soil surface is kept to be 0.5m when water is pumped.
By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of the foundation pit for taking rainwater interception measures is realized, so that the drainage capacity of the rainwater interception device is stronger through the drainage ditch and the water collection.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured that, in step S4, the steel form is installed with sufficient strength, rigidity and stability, and the form installation is measured and lofted according to the design drawing; when the concrete is poured, a cast-in-place method is adopted for pouring, and the span of the reinforced concrete beam slab is more than 4 m; meanwhile, the arching height of the steel template is 2 per mill of the span length.
By adopting the technical scheme, the structural stability of the steel template is set to be stronger, so that the steel template can prevent a steel reinforcement cage with heavier weight, and the waterproof and flood-fighting capabilities of the steel template are stronger; the invention realizes the installation and layout of the steel formwork by the cast-in-situ concrete pile and controlling the span of the high-reinforcement concrete beam slab on the concrete pile, thereby leading the processing to be simpler and more convenient under the conditions of the packaging processing progress and the structural strength of the reinforcement cage.
The invention in a preferred example can be further configured that in step S5, in step S5, the masonry should wash away dirt and impurities on the stone surface and wet with water before masonry; meanwhile, during building, the building blocks of the stone building layer are required to be downward in large surface and inward in inclined surface, when building the building blocks of the upper layer, the building blocks of the lower layer are not required to be vibrated, and when the building is recovered after the building work is interrupted, the surface of the built building layer is cleaned and moistened.
By adopting the technical scheme, masonry construction is carried out by a stone-building method, so that people only need to build stones as required, and the masonry mode can reduce the construction time and increase the construction efficiency; meanwhile, the surface of the masonry can be cleaned, so that the structural stability of masonry engineering can be enhanced, and the service life is prolonged; finally, the invention can have higher structural stability during the building by limiting the specific construction requirements during the building.
In a preferred example, the invention may be further configured that, in step S9, when the foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering is excavated, the excavation of the main body gate body foundation pit and the excavation of the foundation pit at the entrance and exit are performed step by step, and the excavation of the foundation pit adopts mechanical excavation and manual cleaning; during mechanical excavation, the excavation height of 0.2m is reserved for the substrate, and manual cleaning is carried out to prevent overexcavation. By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of the culvert gate engineering is realized.
In a better example, the method can be further configured that the periphery of the foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering is reasonably set to be sloping according to geological conditions so as to prevent collapse; meanwhile, a drainage ditch and a water collection well are dug in the foundation pit and used as temporary facilities; if accumulated water exists in the foundation pit, water should be pumped in time before the foundation concrete construction, and the foundation is kept dry.
By adopting the technical scheme, the culvert gate engineering can be prevented from collapsing in the construction process by slope releasing, so that the construction safety performance is improved; the drainage performance and the flood-fighting capacity of the application can be further enhanced by timely pumping water, setting the drainage ditch and setting the water collecting well.
In a preferred example, the present invention may be further configured that, in steps S7 and S8, before the earth excavation, the original terrain of the construction area is rechecked and measured, the plane and the cross-sectional diagram of the original terrain should be drawn, and the plan and the cross-sectional diagram are reported to be audited by a supervisor as the basis for engineering measurement; adopting a U-shaped channel to irrigate an excavation section during the earthwork excavation, adopting manual excavation after lofting according to a design elevation during the earthwork excavation, carrying out one-time excavation to the end, simultaneously carrying out timely groove inspection to enter the next procedure for construction, wherein each construction operation section is 48-52 m; before the foundation excavation construction, a professional measurement engineer releases a foundation excavation sideline according to the requirements of a design drawing, a control pile is driven, and the established measurement sample mark needs to be properly protected to prevent displacement and loss. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention not only has beautiful result when excavating the earth, but also improves the working efficiency of excavation.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention has strong structural stability, strong drainage capacity and good flood-crossing capacity, and not only can accurately measure the settlement in the construction process, but also can timely and accurately monitor the construction quality by strictly measuring the reference point, the datum line and the level point, and arranging the control net and embedding the permanent control point; meanwhile, by building cofferdams, drainage measures and flood-fighting measures, the drainage, water-proofing and flood-fighting capabilities of the high-standard farmland are better, the farmland is protected favorably, and the service life of the farmland is prolonged.
2. Through the construction of concrete engineering, masonry engineering and channel engineering, the structure of the invention is more compact and beautiful, and the influence of weeds and the like on farmlands is reduced; meanwhile, the construction of culvert pipe engineering and culvert gate engineering ensures that the drainage, waterproof and flood-fighting capabilities of the invention are better and more beautiful.
3. The method can prevent the culvert gate engineering from collapsing in the construction process by slope relief, and improves the construction safety performance; the drainage and flood-fighting capacities of the culvert gate engineering can be further enhanced by timely pumping water, arranging the drainage ditch and arranging the water collecting well, so that the drainage performance and flood-fighting capacity of the application are improved.
4. According to the invention, masonry construction is carried out by a stone-building method, so that people only need to build stones according to requirements, and the masonry mode can reduce the construction time and increase the construction efficiency; meanwhile, the surface of the masonry can be cleaned, so that the structural stability of masonry engineering can be enhanced, and the service life is prolonged; finally, the invention can have higher structural stability during the building by limiting the specific construction requirements during the building. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a high-standard farmland construction method, which comprises the steps of construction measurement lofting, cofferdam building, drainage arrangement and flood crossing measures, concrete engineering construction, masonry engineering construction, channel engineering construction, culvert pipe engineering construction, culvert gate engineering construction and the like. Meanwhile, in the actual working process, in the construction process of concrete engineering construction, masonry engineering construction, channel engineering construction, culvert pipe engineering construction and culvert gate engineering construction, if earthwork and backfill earthwork need to be developed, the earthwork and the backfill earthwork can be executed according to the existing mode, and the modes recorded in the application can be installed for execution.
During actual work, the steps of constructing a high-standard farmland are as follows:
s1, construction measurement lofting,
according to the measurement reference point, the reference line and the level point provided by the owner, the measurement precision of the reference point can be calibrated together with a field supervisor, and the accuracy of data and data can be rechecked; determining an engineering construction control sideline, measuring and setting a control net for engineering construction according to the national surveying and mapping standard, and embedding a permanent control point so as to facilitate the engineering construction to be efficient;
s2, building a cofferdam,
constructing cofferdams in a land section with a flat ground, wherein in actual work, natural high lands such as earth banks, old banks and the like are fully utilized under certain conditions, cohesive soil is selected as much as possible for foundation soil of the cofferdams and soil for filling the cofferdams, the filling of the cofferdams is carried out from the lowest position, layering and compaction are carried out, and the height difference of the cofferdams is smaller than 15 cm; during actual work, when the built cofferdam is subjected to layered and staged hydraulic reclamation, the cofferdam must be correspondingly layered and staged, and the cofferdam is not required to be heightened while the hydraulic reclamation is carried out.
During actual work, weeds, tree roots, humus layers and the like on the cofferdam foundation must be removed; before the cofferdam is filled, the surface soil of the cofferdam base layer is turned loose, and then new soil is filled and compacted; when the foundation of the cofferdam is sandy soil, a groove is dug in the middle of the foundation of the cofferdam, and then the cohesive soil is backfilled.
S3, arranging drainage measures and flood fighting measures,
when the drainage measures are arranged, rain water interception measures, water seepage interception measures and foundation pit drainage measures need to be built; when arranging flood prevention measures, flood prevention safety measures and emergency equipment are implemented, the cofferdam is heightened in time according to settlement in the process of flood prevention engineering, and the elevation of the top of the cofferdam is not lower than the design elevation;
in actual work, the flood prevention safety measures comprise flood prevention materials such as sufficient soil, rock blocks, woven bags, straw bags, geotextiles and the like, and the emergency equipment comprises emergency equipment such as a loader, a bulldozer and the like;
s4, constructing concrete engineering,
before concrete construction, firstly, construction lofting is carried out and a foundation at a position for installing concrete is cleaned; during concrete construction, steel bars are erected by adopting steel templates, and concrete pouring and concrete maintenance are carried out after the steel bars are erected and inspected;
s5, constructing the masonry engineering,
adopt the masonry to construct, retaining wall foundation bottom should be built into 1: 5, forming an inclined slope opposite to the stress direction, and selecting larger selected stones for paving the foundation or the bottom layer of the retaining wall; the stone should be built by staggered joints in layers, the layers should be approximately horizontal, but small stone blocks should not be used for leveling;
during actual work, the stones should be stably paved and locked with each other. When the height of the masonry exceeds 6M, horizontal rib belts with the thickness not less than 500 mm are arranged every 3-4M along the height direction of the masonry, and cement mortar not less than M10 is used for building and fixing.
S6, constructing the channel engineering,
firstly, cleaning surface soil on the ground of the channel engineering, and then cleaning plant roots, branches and leaves, weeds, garbage, waste residues and obstacles indicated by a supervision engineer in an excavated surface; then 2 1m3 excavators are adopted to cooperate with 2 bulldozers to excavate old channel soil, and sludge at the bottom of the channel is removed; finally, repairing the slope, and strictly constructing and setting out to prevent the loss of earthwork;
during actual work, the vegetation cleaning range extends to the distance of 3m outside the maximum excavation sideline shown in the construction drawing. Meanwhile, when the surface soil is cleaned, a section (encrypted at the gradual change section and the step) is measured and arranged every 20m according to the measured control line, construction setting-out is carried out, and the excavating and filling height is determined. In the channel excavation process, attention is constantly paid to the fact that a side slope cannot be loosened and the stability of the side slope is influenced, and meanwhile attention is paid to good drainage conditions of a working face in the whole construction period; and (4) tamping the foundation surface by using a road roller or a tamping machine, and carrying out the next procedure after acceptance inspection. During slope surface arrangement, a 30cm slope is reserved in the excavation process, an excavator is used for brushing the slope after the excavation is carried out for 3-4 m according to mechanical performance, and the mechanical slope brushing is reserved for about 5-10 cm to prevent earth from being brushed and lost.
S7, constructing the culvert pipe engineering,
firstly, measuring and lofting the position of the culvert pipe to be constructed; then, earth excavation is carried out, a back-hoe excavator is adopted for trenching during pipe chase excavation, and excavation is carried out in a mode of manually combining with trimming; then, the concrete cushion layer is used as a working surface of the culvert pipe engineering, and the culvert pipe is installed on the concrete cushion layer; then, connecting the joints of adjacent culvert pipes by adopting brick-belt joints, and plugging mortar in gaps after pipe orifices are aligned so as to enable the joint parts to be tightly matched, and trowelling the inner wall surfaces of the culvert pipes; finally, backfilling earthwork of the culvert pipe engineering again, and inspecting the construction quality of the culvert pipe engineering;
specifically, when the earthwork of the culvert pipe is excavated, a back-hoe excavator is used for excavating to a position 0.3m away from the designed elevation at one time, and then bottom repairing and slope repairing are carried out manually.
S8, constructing the culvert gate engineering,
firstly, excavating a foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering, then constructing a foundation bed layer, and finally constructing a gate body.
The invention not only can accurately measure the settlement in the construction process, but also can timely and accurately monitor the construction quality by strictly measuring the reference point, the reference line and the level point, and arranging the control net and embedding the permanent control point; by building cofferdams, drainage measures and flood-fighting measures, the drainage, water-proof and flood-fighting capabilities of the high-standard farmland are better, the farmland is protected favorably, and the service life of the farmland is prolonged; through the construction of concrete engineering, masonry engineering and channel engineering, the structure of the invention is more compact, and the influence of weeds and the like on farmlands is reduced; through the construction of culvert pipe engineering and culvert gate engineering, the structure of the invention is more reasonable and compact, thereby not only having better water discharging, water preventing and flood fighting capabilities, but also being more beautiful.
In the step S1, during the construction measurement, the control network includes a plane control system and a height control system which are established on site, and when the plane control system is established, the control network is controlled by using a control point provided by an owner and is provided with a linear control pile, and the position of the control pile is reliable in the future, and is convenient for protection and use during the construction period; when the height control system is established, the measuring instrument adopts a DS3 type level gauge, the height is guided to each temporary level point according to the level provided by a proprietor, the temporary level points are required to be firm and stable, the distance is not more than 500m, the temporary level points and the design level points are viewed from front to back, the temporary level points and the design level points are retested to be closed, and the closing difference is allowed to be +/-12 √ Lmm, wherein L is the number of kilometers of the length of the level points.
In actual work, a plane control system is established by adopting a wire measuring method, and a measuring instrument adopts a GST602 total station, a J2-1\ +/-2' theodolite and a 50m steel ruler.
The invention realizes the layout of the control network, and the control network can help the working personnel to timely and accurately master the construction progress and the construction condition of the invention.
The step S1 also comprises three steps of plane line laying, level measurement of a vertical section, retesting and positioning;
when the wire is laid out on a plane, the relation between the points and a nearby control point or a building is designed according to the design coordinates of a starting point, a finishing point, a wire pile and a turning point of a project; then fixing each paying-off point on the bottom surface by using a mark pile according to the relations; in actual operation, in order to avoid errors, each point needs to be rechecked after receiving the intersection point of the proctories, and the rechecking result is reported to the proctories. Then, after the starting point, the end point, the lead pile and the turning point of the project are all piled and verified, the center line and the corner are measured; then, when the central line is measured, a central pile is driven at fixed intervals, and the distance between the central piles is uniform, so that distance statistics and material taking during construction are facilitated; finally, scattering out an excavation sideline by lime according to the width required by engineering regulation;
during leveling of the longitudinal section, temporary leveling points are arranged at intervals of 20m along a construction line of a project, and the progress of the temporary leveling points requires that the closure difference does not exceed 1mm in a flat area; measuring the elevation of the bottom surface of each pile position at the center according to the temporary leveling points to check whether the ground elevation and the actual elevation of the design drawing are the same or not, and determining the trench excavation depth or the pipeline overhead height according to the temporary leveling points;
during retesting and positioning, according to the pile handing and written data in the supervision site, the main original datum points (including the wire pile and the water standard point) are retested and retested, and after 7 days of pile handing, the result is reported to the first party for identification and used as permanent protection; in actual operation, errors beyond the allowable range must not be found in retesting.
The accuracy of the construction measurement lofting method is further enhanced by arranging plane pay-off, longitudinal section leveling, retesting and positioning, so that people can more clearly master the progress and quality of the high-standard farmland of the building.
In step S3, when the rainwater interception measure is constructed, an intercepting drain is excavated 2m away from the excavation line around the foundation pit of the rainwater interception measure to intercept rainwater, the width of the top of the intercepting drain is 1.0m, the width of the bottom of the intercepting drain is 0.5m, the depth of the intercepting drain is 0.6m, a water collecting well with the depth of 1.0m is arranged, and a slurry pump is used for discharging water in the drain into the water diversion channel and introducing the water into the channel;
when water seepage interception measures are built, 4 standard pipe wells with the diameter of 50cm are respectively arranged at the positions, 1.5m away from the opening line of the foundation pit, of the two sides of the trash rack bridge, and the height of the bottom of the pit is ^ 2.0m or so in consideration of not causing great change of the water content of foundation pit bedrock while intercepting external water seepage; meanwhile, pumping and discharging the well water of the tube well outside the water inlet channel diversion and drainage gate cofferdam;
when a foundation pit drainage measure is built, the main bearing stratum of the sewage grid bridge and the flood wall building is weathered red sandstone or strongly weathered red sandstone, so that the main bearing stratum has certain special physical and mechanical characteristics of water expansion and water loss shrinkage, and a certain water level must be controlled during foundation pit drainage.
The invention realizes the arrangement of drainage measures, thus the drainage and flood prevention capability of the invention is stronger under the action of the drainage measures.
The foundation pit with the rainwater interception measure adopts open trench drainage, a drainage trench is firstly dug in the excavation process of the foundation pit, the width of the drainage trench is 0.5m, the depth of the drainage trench is 0.8m, a water collecting well with the depth of 1.5 multiplied by 1.5m is arranged, a submersible pump is used for pumping and draining accumulated water to the outside of the cofferdam, and the distance between the water surface in the trench and the soil surface is kept to be 0.5m when water is pumped.
The invention realizes the arrangement of the foundation pit for rainwater interception measures. The drainage capacity of the invention is stronger through the drainage ditch and the water collection well.
During actual work, when a foundation pit drainage measure is built, if flood exceeding the design standard of the cofferdam is encountered, flood conditions are reported to a construction place and a supervision place in time, emergency schemes for emergency rescue are reported, and emergency rescue materials and equipment are organized and moved according to the flood conditions and the emergency schemes for emergency rescue. If necessary, in order to ensure the life safety of the personnel participating in the construction, the personnel and the equipment in the foundation pit are removed in time after the consent of the construction department and the supervision department.
In step S4, when the steel form is installed, the steel form has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability, the surface of the steel form needs to be smooth and flat, and the joints are tight, and the form installation is measured and lofted according to the design drawing; when the concrete is poured, a cast-in-place method is adopted for pouring, and the span of the reinforced concrete beam slab is more than 4 m; meanwhile, the arching height of the steel template is 2 per mill of the span length; on the non-bearing side of the steel formwork, the steel formwork can be disassembled when the concrete strength reaches more than 2.5 MPa.
The structural stability of the steel template is set to be stronger, so that the steel template can prevent a steel reinforcement cage with heavier weight, and the waterproof and flood-fighting capabilities of the invention are stronger; the invention realizes the installation and layout of the steel formwork by the cast-in-situ concrete pile and controlling the span of the high-reinforcement concrete beam slab on the concrete pile, thereby leading the processing to be simpler and more convenient under the conditions of the packaging processing progress and the structural strength of the reinforcement cage.
In the actual working process, in step S4, when the steel bars are installed, the thickness of the protective layer should be strictly controlled, and when the steel bars are applied, corrosion and rust removal treatment should be performed;
the cement admixture and the additive used by the concrete meet the current national standard, the particle size and the purity of the aggregate meet the design requirements, the mixing proportion is determined by calculation and tests, the slump is determined according to the position of a building, the content of reinforcing steel bars, transportation, a building method and weather conditions, and the reinforced concrete is 7-9 cm;
before concrete pouring, in-bin inspection, preparation work of templates, reinforcing steel bars, embedded parts, permanent joints, pouring and the like are carried out in detail, records are made, pouring can be carried out after acceptance check is qualified, and concrete pouring is carried out continuously.
In step S5, in step S5, the masonry should wash dirt and impurities on the stone surface clean and wet with water before masonry; meanwhile, during building, the building blocks of the stone building layer are required to be downward in large face and inward in inclined face, when in actual work, the inner stone and the outer stone are built firstly, and then the middle is built, the upper and lower staggered joints are formed, and the inner and outer joints are lapped; the building blocks of each course are safe and stable, the building blocks are full of mortar, are firmly bonded and cannot be directly adhered or be separated, the filled and beaten joints are firstly embedded with about 1/2 mortar, then are filled with stones with proper sizes, and are tamped by a hand hammer; when the upper building blocks are built, the lower building blocks are not required to be vibrated, and when the building is recovered after the building operation is interrupted, the surface of the built building layer is cleaned and moistened.
The masonry construction is carried out by a stone building method, so that people only need to build stones according to requirements, the masonry mode can reduce the construction time and increase the construction efficiency; meanwhile, the surface of the masonry can be cleaned, so that the structural stability of masonry engineering can be enhanced, and the service life is prolonged; finally, the invention can have higher structural stability during the building by limiting the specific construction requirements during the building.
In step S9, when excavating a foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering, excavating the main body gate body foundation pit and the foundation pit at the entrance and the exit step by step, wherein the excavation of the foundation pit adopts mechanical excavation and manual cleaning; during mechanical excavation, the excavation height of 0.2m is reserved for the substrate, and manual cleaning is carried out to prevent overexcavation. By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of the culvert gate engineering is realized.
During actual work, after the foundation is excavated in place, a laboratory detects whether the bearing capacity of the foundation meets the design requirement, and if the bearing capacity of the foundation does not meet the design requirement, a unit is required to be constructed, designed and managed to carry out foundation treatment on site.
Reasonable slope relief (the gradient is generally 1: 1) is carried out around the foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering according to geological conditions so as to prevent collapse; meanwhile, a drainage ditch and a water collection well are dug in the foundation pit and used as temporary facilities; if accumulated water exists in the foundation pit, water should be pumped in time before the foundation concrete construction, and the foundation is kept dry.
The method can prevent the culvert gate engineering from collapsing in the construction process by slope relief, and improves the construction safety performance; the drainage performance and the flood-fighting capacity of the application can be further enhanced by timely pumping water, setting the drainage ditch and setting the water collecting well.
When the foundation bed course of the culvert gate engineering is constructed, the foundation bed course of the gate body is designed to be C20 plain concrete, and the thickness of the foundation bed course is 20 cm. And (5) performing one-time full irrigation on the cushion concrete. And mixing and tamping the concrete according to the standard requirement.
When the sluice body of the culvert sluice engineering is constructed, the main sluice body is designed into C20 reinforced concrete, the construction of the reinforced concrete of the cavern body is constructed according to relevant specifications, and the settlement joint of the sluice body is separated by a 3cm thick asphalt board when a vertical mould is adopted.
In steps S7 and S8, before earth excavation, rechecking measurement is carried out on the original terrain of the construction area, an original terrain plane and a section diagram are drawn, and the plane and the section diagram are reported to be audited by a supervisor and used as engineering measurement basis; adopting a U-shaped channel to irrigate an excavation section during the earthwork excavation, adopting manual excavation after lofting according to a design elevation during the earthwork excavation, carrying out one-time excavation to the end, simultaneously carrying out timely groove inspection to enter the next procedure for construction, wherein each construction operation section is 48-52 m; before the foundation excavation construction, a professional measurement engineer releases a foundation excavation sideline according to the requirements of a design drawing, a control pile is driven, and the established measurement sample mark needs to be properly protected to prevent displacement and loss.
The invention not only can meet the relevant specifications and design requirements when the earth is excavated, but also improves the working efficiency.
During actual work, the measurement precision of each lofting point needs to meet the relevant specifications and design requirements; the actual excavation contour must meet the requirements of design files and excavation lines, horizontal dimensions and elevations specified by supervision engineers; in the earthwork excavation construction process, the position of an excavation plane, the horizontal elevation, the number of a control pile, a leveling point and the slope gradient are regularly checked and measured, and the over-excavation phenomenon is avoided. In the process of side slope earthwork excavation, according to the bidding documents and the requirements of relevant specifications, the slope gradient of the actual construction needs to be properly provided with slope repairing allowance, and then manual repairing is carried out to ensure that the slope gradient and the flatness of the slope meet the requirements of construction drawings and specifications.
In the process of side slope excavation, if the side slope is found to be unstable due to underground water seepage, before the side slope is trimmed and reinforced, a seepage guiding ditch is excavated on the side slope to guide the seepage and prevent the production damage of the side slope due to the seepage.
All side slope foundation clearing earthwork excavation is carried out in dry land, and in order to prevent the trimmed excavation side slope from being washed by rainwater, side slope surface protection and reinforcement work are finished according to construction drawings before rainy season; in the construction process, if the rain is heavy, the earthwork construction is immediately stopped, and the excavated side slope is protected, so that the side slope instability caused by the erosion of the excavated side slope by the rain is avoided.
In the process of side slope earth excavation construction, if cracks and sliding signs are found, construction is immediately suspended, emergency rescue measures are taken, and a supervisor is informed.
The actual excavation profile must meet the requirements of opening lines, horizontal dimensions and elevation as indicated in the design file or as specified on site by a supervisory engineer. During construction, measures for intercepting and draining underground water and construction water are enhanced, and foundation cleaning construction is ensured to be carried out on dry land.
In steps S7 and S8, earth backfill is needed after earth excavation,
during earthwork backfilling, after the U-shaped channel is installed, the two sides of the U-shaped channel need to be backfilled with shoulder soil, and the filling design is high-level cast-in-place top surface soldiers with reserved subsidence height of 10 cm; when the earthwork is backfilled, manual construction and tamping are adopted, and the thicker end face needs to be tamped layer by layer;
the method comprises the following specific steps: construction measurement lofting → removing surface layer humus soil → compaction of original slope → filling soil material → layered paving, sprinkling and rolling → slope building and forming;
the construction method for filling and compacting the slope surface comprises the following steps:
(1) and measuring and lofting the slope to be filled, and determining the filling range and the toe line.
(2) Removing surface humus soil, turf, tree roots, sundries and garbage of the filled base surface or the contact surface; draining accumulated water in the pit on a base surface with water, and removing sludge in the pit or adopting drainage guide measures to ensure the consolidation of the filling soil; when the gradient of the backfill cross section is steeper than 1:3, the gradient of the ground is reduced to be 1:3 so as to meet the design requirement of the filling base surface.
(3) Before filling the slope, selecting a typical slope to carry out an on-site productivity test so as to obtain final construction parameters, and providing test results for a paving mode, a paving layer thickness, a rolling machine type and weight, rolling times, a traveling speed, an optimal filling water content, a compacted dry volume weight, a compacted permeability coefficient and the like.
(4) The method adopts the modes of layered paving and layered rolling to compact, the filling body should be provided with proper slope cutting allowance, and the compactness should meet the design requirement. According to the final construction parameters after the on-site productivity test and supervision approval are reported, the filling starts from the lower layer of the slope surface, the materials are fed layer by layer, the next layer of filling material is constructed according to the specified parameters, and new materials can be continuously paved after the filling material is checked to be qualified and the supervision approval is reported. Before new materials are continuously paved, the surface of the compacted layer is subjected to the treatment of shaving, watering and the like so as to avoid the phenomenon of poor combination of all layers.
(5) The material is leveled in time before rolling by adopting mechanical rolling, and if the stop is caused by construction or climate reasons, the surface soil is sprayed with water and moistened before reworking, and the material can be continuously paved and rolled and lifted.
(6) The compacted soil body should not have the bad phenomena of pressure leakage, a virtual soil layer, dry loose soil, spring soil, shear damage, a polished surface and the like.
(7) On the jointed slope surface, the filling and raising are matched to remove the loose materials on the surface until the qualified compacted material layer is reached. And (4) shaving the slope surface, keeping the water content within a control range, continuously paving new materials for compacting, and adjusting according to weather change and design requirements or instructions of a supervisor.
(8) And the filling material transportation adopts a slope cutting earthwork excavation slag discharging 5t dump truck, and the soil material which is subjected to recheck demonstration and has physical and mechanical properties meeting the filling requirements is transported to a filling place.
(9) Because the filling material is the slope cutting soil material, the compacted soil material is sandy loam and silty clay under general conditions, and the rolling equipment is mainly selected and used for backfilling by a bulldozer according to the consideration.
(10) The slope is filled and compacted, and the construction is carried out according to the principle that the slope is light firstly and then heavy, stable firstly and then vibrated, low firstly and then high, slow firstly and then fast and the tamping tracks are overlapped.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for constructing a high-standard farmland is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, construction measurement lofting,
according to the measurement reference point, the reference line and the level point provided by the owner, the measurement precision of the reference point can be calibrated together with a field supervisor, and the accuracy of data and data can be rechecked; determining an engineering construction control sideline, measuring and setting a control net for engineering construction according to the national surveying and mapping standard, and embedding a permanent control point so as to facilitate the engineering construction to be efficient;
s2, building a cofferdam,
constructing a cofferdam in a land section with smooth ground, wherein cohesive soil is selected as much as possible for the foundation soil of the cofferdam and the soil for filling the cofferdam, the filling of the cofferdam is carried out from the lowest position, layering and compaction are carried out, and the height difference of the cofferdam is smaller than 15 cm;
s3, arranging drainage measures and flood fighting measures,
when the drainage measures are arranged, rain water interception measures, water seepage interception measures and foundation pit drainage measures need to be built; when arranging flood prevention measures, flood prevention safety measures and emergency equipment are implemented, the cofferdam is heightened in time according to settlement in the process of flood prevention engineering, and the elevation of the top of the cofferdam is not lower than the design elevation;
s4, constructing concrete engineering,
before concrete construction, firstly, construction lofting is carried out and a foundation at a position for installing concrete is cleaned; during concrete construction, steel bars are erected by adopting steel templates, and concrete pouring and concrete maintenance are carried out after the steel bars are erected and inspected;
s5, constructing the masonry engineering,
adopt the masonry to construct, retaining wall foundation bottom should be built into 1: 5, forming an inclined slope opposite to the stress direction, and selecting larger selected stones for paving the foundation or the bottom layer of the retaining wall; the stone should be built by staggered joints in layers, the layers should be approximately horizontal, but small stone blocks should not be used for leveling;
s6, constructing the channel engineering,
firstly, cleaning surface soil on the ground of the channel engineering, and then cleaning plant roots, branches and leaves, weeds, garbage, waste residues and obstacles indicated by a supervision engineer in an excavated surface; then 2 stands by 1m3An excavator is matched with 2 bulldozers to excavate old soil of the channel and remove silt at the bottom of the channel; finally, repairing the slope, and strictly constructing and setting out to prevent the loss of earthwork;
s7, constructing the culvert pipe engineering,
firstly, measuring and lofting the position of the culvert pipe to be constructed; then, earth excavation is carried out, a back-hoe excavator is adopted for trenching during pipe chase excavation, and excavation is carried out in a mode of manually combining with trimming; then, the concrete cushion layer is used as a working surface of the culvert pipe engineering, and the culvert pipe is installed on the concrete cushion layer; then, connecting the joints of adjacent culvert pipes by adopting brick-belt joints, and plugging mortar in gaps after pipe orifices are aligned so as to enable the joint parts to be tightly matched, and trowelling the inner wall surfaces of the culvert pipes; finally, backfilling earthwork of the culvert pipe engineering again, and inspecting the construction quality of the culvert pipe engineering;
s8, constructing the culvert gate engineering,
firstly, excavating a foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering, then constructing a foundation bed layer, and finally constructing a gate body.
2. The method for constructing a high-standard agricultural field according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the control network includes a plane control system and a height control system which are established on site during construction measurement, and when the plane control system is established, the control network is controlled by a control point provided by a proprietor and a linear control pile is provided, and the position of the control pile is reliable in the future and convenient to protect and use during construction; when the height control system is established, the measuring instrument adopts a DS3 type level gauge, the height is guided to each temporary level point according to the level provided by a proprietor, the temporary level points are required to be firm and stable, the distance is not more than 500m, the temporary level points and the design level points are viewed from front to back, the temporary level points and the design level points are retested to be closed, and the closing difference is allowed to be +/-12 √ Lmm, wherein L is the number of kilometers of the length of the level points.
3. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to claim 2, wherein the step S1 further comprises three steps of plane line laying, profile leveling, retesting and positioning;
when the wire is laid out on a plane, the relation between the points and a nearby control point or a building is designed according to the design coordinates of a starting point, a finishing point, a wire pile and a turning point of a project; then fixing each paying-off point on the bottom surface by using a mark pile according to the relations; then, after the starting point, the end point, the lead pile and the turning point of the project are all piled and verified, the center line and the corner are measured; then, when the central line is measured, a central pile is driven at fixed intervals, and the distance between the central piles is uniform, so that distance statistics and material taking during construction are facilitated; finally, scattering out an excavation sideline by lime according to the width required by engineering regulation;
during leveling of the longitudinal section, temporary leveling points are arranged at intervals of 20m along a construction line of a project, and the progress of the temporary leveling points requires that the closure difference does not exceed 1mm in a flat area; measuring the elevation of the bottom surface of each pile position at the center according to the temporary leveling points to check whether the ground elevation and the actual elevation of the design drawing are the same or not, and determining the trench excavation depth or the pipeline overhead height according to the temporary leveling points;
during retesting and positioning, the main original datum points are seriously retested according to the pile handing and written data in the supervision site, and the result is reported to the first party for confirmation 7 days after pile handing, so that permanent protection is realized.
4. The method for constructing a high-standard agricultural field according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, when the rainwater intercepting measure is constructed, an intercepting ditch is excavated 2m away from the excavation line around the foundation pit of the rainwater intercepting measure to intercept rainwater, the intercepting ditch has a top width of 1.0m, a bottom width of 0.5m and a depth of 0.6m, and a collecting well with a depth of 1.0m is provided, and water in the ditch is discharged into the water channel introducing channel by a slurry pump; when building the infiltration interception measure, still including building the infiltration interception measure, specifically do: four standard pipe wells with the diameter of 50cm are respectively arranged at the positions, 1.5m away from the opening line of the foundation pit, of the two sides of the trash rack bridge, and the depth of each standard pipe well is 2.0 m; meanwhile, pumping and discharging the well water of the tube well outside the water inlet channel diversion and drainage gate cofferdam; when a foundation pit drainage measure is built, the main bearing stratum of the sewage grid bridge and the flood wall building is weathered red sandstone or strongly weathered red sandstone, so that the main bearing stratum has certain special physical and mechanical characteristics of water expansion and water loss shrinkage, and a certain water level must be controlled during foundation pit drainage.
5. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to claim 4, wherein the foundation pit of the rainwater interception measure adopts open trench drainage, a drainage ditch is dug first in the excavation process of the foundation pit, the width of the drainage ditch is 0.5m, the depth of the drainage ditch is 0.8m, a water collecting well with the depth of 1.5 x 1.5m is arranged, a submersible pump is used for pumping and draining accumulated water out of the cofferdam, and the water surface in the ditch is kept 0.5m away from the soil surface when pumping water.
6. The method for constructing a high-standard agricultural field according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step S4, the steel form is installed with sufficient strength, rigidity and stability, the surface of the steel form is smooth and tight, and the form is installed according to the design drawing; when the concrete is poured, a cast-in-place method is adopted for pouring, and the span of the reinforced concrete beam slab is more than 4 m; meanwhile, the arching height of the steel template is 2 per mill of the span length; on the non-bearing side of the steel formwork, the steel formwork can be disassembled when the concrete strength reaches more than 2.5 MPa.
7. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to claim 6, wherein in step S5, the masonry works should wash out dirt and impurities on the stone surface and wet with water before the masonry works are constructed; meanwhile, during building, the building blocks of the stone building layer are required to be downward in large face and inward in inclined face, when in actual work, the inner stone and the outer stone are built firstly, and then the middle is built, the upper and lower staggered joints are formed, and the inner and outer joints are lapped; the building blocks of each course are safe and stable, the building blocks are full of mortar, are firmly bonded and cannot be directly adhered or be separated, the filled and beaten joints are firstly embedded with about 1/2 mortar, then are filled with stones with proper sizes, and are tamped by a hand hammer; when the upper building blocks are built, the lower building blocks are not required to be vibrated, and when the building is recovered after the building operation is interrupted, the surface of the built building layer is cleaned and moistened.
8. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to claim 7, wherein in step S9, the excavation of the main body gate body foundation pit and the excavation of the access foundation pit are carried out in steps during the excavation of the foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering, and the excavation of the foundation pit adopts mechanical excavation and manual cleaning; during mechanical excavation, the excavation height of 0.2m is reserved for the substrate, and manual cleaning is carried out to prevent overexcavation.
9. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland according to claim 8, wherein the periphery of the foundation pit of the culvert gate engineering is reasonably set to be sloping according to geological conditions to prevent collapse; meanwhile, a drainage ditch and a water collection well are dug in the foundation pit and used as temporary facilities; if accumulated water exists in the foundation pit, water should be pumped in time before the foundation concrete construction, and the foundation is kept dry.
10. The method for constructing a high-standard farmland as claimed in claim 9, wherein, in steps S7 and S8, prior to the excavation of the earth, the original terrain of the construction area is rechecked and measured, the plane and the section of the original terrain are drawn, and the plane and the section are reported to be auditor and used as the basis of engineering measurement; adopting a U-shaped channel to irrigate an excavation section during the earthwork excavation, adopting manual excavation after lofting according to a design elevation during the earthwork excavation, carrying out one-time excavation to the end, simultaneously carrying out timely groove inspection to enter the next procedure for construction, wherein each construction operation section is 48-52 m; before the foundation excavation construction, a professional measurement engineer releases a foundation excavation sideline according to the requirements of a design drawing, a control pile is driven, and the established measurement sample mark needs to be properly protected to prevent displacement and loss.
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Application publication date: 20200821 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |