CN111558254A - Method and system for removing short hair fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater - Google Patents
Method and system for removing short hair fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111558254A CN111558254A CN202010264346.8A CN202010264346A CN111558254A CN 111558254 A CN111558254 A CN 111558254A CN 202010264346 A CN202010264346 A CN 202010264346A CN 111558254 A CN111558254 A CN 111558254A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of treatment of high-concentration degradation-resistant organic wastewater, in particular to a method and a system for removing short-hair fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater. Submicron short wool fibers and other impurity suspended substances in the leather and fur processing wastewater are removed in a deep manner step by step through a multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator; when the particle bed self-cleaning separator is saturated, reverse feeding is carried out to regenerate the separation medium particles in the particle bed self-cleaning separator, submicron short wool fibers intercepted and adsorbed by pores or surfaces of the particles are released, and the particle bed is regenerated in situ; separating the backwash wastewater by an external cyclone regenerator, returning separation medium particles to a separator bed layer, concentrating the wastewater to a concentration and pressure filtration device for further dehydration treatment, returning filtrate to an inlet of the separator, and discharging filter cakes as solid waste. The tannery and fur processing wastewater treated by the method can reach relevant discharge standards, and can also be applied to deep removal of submicron-level suspended matters in wastewater in industries such as textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of treatment of high-concentration refractory organic wastewater, and relates to a method and a device for treating organic suspended matters such as submicron-order short hair fibers and the like in wastewater, which are suitable for deeply removing suspended matters in wastewater in leather, textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking and other industries, in particular to deeply removing pollutants such as submicron-order short hair fibers and the like. In particular to a method and a device for synchronously and deeply removing submicron-sized short wool fibers and other suspended matters in leather-making and fur processing wastewater.
Background
The total amount of water resources in China is the sixth world, and because China is a large world population country and water resources are distributed unevenly, the average water resource occupation of everyone is only 1/4 of the average world level. In recent years, due to rapid industrial development, the problem of water resource safety in China is seriously challenged, and according to incomplete statistics, the content of harmful substances in drinking water of nearly 2 hundred million people in China exceeds the standard. The limited water resource is protected. The fur industry is used as a main economic support of the light industry in China, and because a large amount of wastewater containing various pollutants such as organic suspended matters such as short wool fibers and the like is generated in the production process, the fur industry has serious influence on the ecological environment, water resources and human health. The problem of treating the wastewater from the leather-making and fur-processing is a bottleneck restricting the survival and development of the industry.
At present, the separation method of suspended matters such as short wool fibers in the waste water of leather making and fur processing mainly comprises grid filtration and flocculation precipitation, wherein the grid filtration can effectively intercept the suspended matters with millimeter level or larger particle size in the waste water, and basically has no interception effect on the suspended matters such as the short wool fibers with micron size.
The separation method of micron suspended matters mainly comprises cyclone separation, precise filtration, membrane separation and the like, wherein the cyclone separation method requires a certain density difference between two phases to be separated, but the density difference between short hair fibers and water in the waste water of leather making and fur processing is small, and the cyclone separation is not suitable for the separation of the short hair fibers; the precise filtering method has certain interception efficiency on micron-sized suspended matters, but the running pressure difference is increased quickly when wastewater with higher content of the suspended matters is treated, equipment needs to be regenerated frequently, and the flexible suspended matters with larger major diameters, such as short wool fibers, are easy to block the pore passages of the precise filtering equipment, so that the regeneration is difficult; the membrane separation method has good efficiency, but when the method is used for treating the wastewater, the operation cost is high due to the problems of membrane pollution and the like caused by complicated water quality.
Chinese patent CN201711480366.3 discloses a method and a system for separating suspended matters from wastewater, wherein coagulant is added to form coagulated flocs, and the coagulated flocs are subjected to concentration treatment and then flow back to a flocculation tank, so that suspended matters in the wastewater can be adsorbed simultaneously, and the method can save the consumption of part of the coagulant. However, the method has complex operation process, and increases a coagulation floc concentration tank and power equipment, so that the investment and the operating cost of the sewage treatment device are increased. The Chinese utility model patent CN201020585696.6 provides a method device for processing and recycling leather-making and fur processing wastewater, a membrane separation technology is added at the tail end of the wastewater treatment process to separate submicron-grade suspended matters in the leather-making and fur processing wastewater, the method has good treatment effect, and the treated wastewater can be recycled. However, the membrane module has high cost and large equipment investment, and organic additives in leather and fur processing wastewater can cause membrane pollution and high operation cost. The Chinese invention patent CN201610688195.2 discloses a method for treating waste water from leather and fur processing by using a microbial flocculant, which comprises preparing a mould fungus microbial inoculum secreting extracellular polymeric substances, preferably culturing, extracting a crude flocculant for treating waste water from leather and fur processing, and carrying out flocculation degradation on pollutants such as organic suspended matters in the waste water from leather and fur processing by using the microbial flocculant. However, the method has the disadvantages of complex early-stage strain cultivation process, long cultivation time, high cost, difficult long-term preservation of the microbial flocculant and difficult application in engineering.
In conclusion, aiming at the problems that the pollutant of the leather and fur processing wastewater is complex in type, the content of suspended matters such as short hair fibers is high, the particle size is small, and the simplest method is a flocculation precipitation method, the practical application shows that the method is greatly influenced by the quality of the incoming water, and the method has poor separation effect on the suspended matters such as the short hair fibers with the particle size smaller than 1 mu m, so that the content of the suspended matters in the treated wastewater cannot reach the discharge standard, and the subsequent treatment is needed. The existing wastewater treatment process has the effect of intercepting micron-sized short-hair flexible fibers and other suspended matters, but the wastewater treatment process is complex and high in cost. Therefore, there is a need for an efficient method and apparatus for deep removal of short fibers from tannery and pelage processing wastewater.
The invention adopts a particle bed self-cleaning separator to deeply remove the suspended substances such as submicron-order short hair fibers and the like in the waste water of leather making and fur processing. The method effectively separates the submicron-order suspended matters in the wastewater through the interception and adsorption action of a separation medium in the particle bed self-cleaning separator. The method does not need to add medicaments, generates less sludge compared with the prior art, and has the advantages of small occupied area of equipment, low operating cost, reliable operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for synchronously and deeply removing submicron-order short wool fibers and other suspended matters in leather-making and fur-processing wastewater, which can realize deep separation of the submicron-order suspended matters in the leather-making and fur-processing wastewater, have simple and effective method and reduce the load of a subsequent treatment system.
In the first aspect of the invention, a method for synchronously and deeply removing suspended matters such as submicron-sized short wool fibers and the like in leather-making and fur processing wastewater comprises the following steps:
the leather and fur processing wastewater containing suspended matters such as short wool fibers is discharged from the rotary drum, then is subjected to primary treatment, and is sent to a wastewater collection tank after suspended matters with larger millimeter-scale particle size are removed; the submicron-order short wool fibers and other impurity suspended substances in the leather-making and fur-processing wastewater are removed in a deep manner step by utilizing a multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator;
when the particle bed self-cleaning separator is saturated, reverse feeding is carried out to regenerate the separation medium particles in the particle bed self-cleaning separator, submicron short wool fibers intercepted and adsorbed by pores or surfaces of the particles are released, and the particle bed is regenerated in situ;
separating the backwash wastewater by an externally-hung swirler, returning separation medium particles to a separator bed layer, concentrating the wastewater to a concentration and filter pressing unit for further dehydration treatment, returning filtrate to an inlet of the separator, and discharging filter cakes as solid waste;
the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator realizes desorption by uniformly fluidizing and oscillating bed layer media through a high-flux gas-liquid distributor at the bottom, and then realizes high-efficiency regeneration of the separation media by oscillating the separation media under the action of periodically changing centrifugal force through a cyclone regenerator, and simultaneously recovers the separation media.
The invention also provides a system for removing short wool fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater, which comprises a multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1, wherein a separation bed layer of the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 is divided by multistage drawer type tower plates; the multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 is of a two-layer structure, wherein the upper layer removes large-particle-size suspended matters, and the lower layer intercepts submicron short wool fibers and fine particles in a deep layer; the two-layer outlets of the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 are connected with the separation inlets of the corresponding cyclones 3, the lower outlets of the cyclones 3 are communicated and return to the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1, and the upper outlets of the cyclones 3 are communicated with the filter pressing equipment 2 through pipelines.
In the invention, the content of the suspended matters in the leather-making and fur-processing wastewater is 500-2000mg/L, and the average particle size of the suspended matters is 0.2-500 mu m.
In the invention, after being separated by a particle bed self-cleaning separator, the content of suspended substances in the leather-making and fur-processing wastewater is reduced to be below 30mg/L, and the average particle size of the suspended substances in the wastewater is not more than 2 mu m.
In the invention, the particle bed self-cleaning separator is operated intermittently, raw water of leather and fur processing wastewater or wastewater after suspended matter separation is reversely introduced to regenerate the particle bed self-cleaning separator after continuous operation for a period of time, and nitrogen or steam is supplemented to enhance the regeneration efficiency.
In the invention, the device for separating the submicron-sized suspended matters in the leather and fur processing wastewater consists of one or more particle bed self-cleaning separators which are connected in series and in parallel.
In the invention, the particle bed self-cleaning separator adopts one or more granular separation media with porous structures, and the material is organic or inorganic material with adsorption effect on organic suspended matters such as short hair fibers.
In the invention, the particle bed self-cleaning separator adopts the mode that the particle filter media are stacked step by step from large to small from the upper layer to the lower layer.
In the invention, the system for deeply separating the submicron-order short wool fibers in the leather and fur processing wastewater can consist of one or more multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separators which are connected in series and in parallel.
The system for synchronously and deeply removing the suspended matters such as the submicron-order short hair fibers and the like in the waste water of leather making and fur processing can be popularized and applied to various heterogeneous fluid separation occasions containing the suspended matters.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the schematic diagram of the device for deeply removing the suspended matters such as the submicron-order short hair fiber and the like in the industrial wastewater.
In the figure: 1-particle bed self-cleaning separator; 2-filter pressing equipment; 3-cyclone regenerator.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for deeply treating waste water from the tanning and fur processing of suspended matters containing short hair fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention. During normal operation, the leather and fur processing wastewater passes through the deep layer of the particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 to remove short hair fibers and other impurity solid particles in the wastewater; the wastewater without suspended matters after treatment is sent to the next treatment unit. After the pressure drop of the particle bed self-cleaning separator is increased to a rated value or continuously operates for a certain time, the equipment is switched to a regeneration state, air or nitrogen is firstly reversely introduced into the particle bed for self-cleaning, so that a separation medium in the particle bed self-cleaning is fluidized, then effluent or raw water of leather and fur processing wastewater during the particle bed self-cleaning forward operation is reversely introduced, the fluidized state of a bed layer is intensified, suspended matters intercepted by the separation medium are released, the separation medium and concentrated solution rotate and revolve at high speed in a cyclone regenerator externally hung on the self-cleaning top of the particle bed, the regeneration efficiency of the separation medium is improved, the regenerated separation medium returns to the particle bed for self-cleaning, the concentrated solution with high concentration is discharged from a liquid phase outlet on the top of the cyclone regenerator, and gas is discharged from a gas phase. After regeneration is completed, the particle bed self-cleaning can be switched to a normal operation state to continuously treat the leather-making and fur processing wastewater.
The system of the invention has the technical effects that:
(1) the method of the invention adopts the particle bed self-cleaning to treat the leather and fur processing wastewater containing suspended matters such as short hair fiber, etc., so that the solid content in the wastewater can be reduced to below 30mg/L, and the suspended matters intercepted by the particle bed self-cleaning separator can be treated according to the solid waste discharge requirement after being dehydrated by the filter press 2.
(2) The method of the invention only intercepts the suspended matters of the wastewater to form sludge, and compared with the prior method, the method can effectively reduce the yield of the sludge, thereby reducing the treatment cost of the wastewater.
(3) The method effectively separates the suspended matters in the wastewater, reduces the influence of the suspended matters on the subsequent treatment process, and reduces the load of the subsequent treatment process.
(4) Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention does not need to add any medicament, reduces the treatment cost and has small floor area of equipment.
Examples
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. nature of the material
(1) Waste water: after pretreatment of fur tanning dyeing wastewater of a certain tannery, the content of suspended matters reaches 800 mg/L. The side line experiment wastewater treatment capacity is 40L/h and the temperature is normal.
(2) Separation medium: modified carbon sphere particles are used as a separation medium.
2. Process flow
The leather-making and fur-processing wastewater containing submicron short-hair fibers and other suspended matters is pressurized by a pump and then flows into a particle bed self-cleaning separator, the wastewater flows into the bottom of the particle bed self-cleaning separator from the top, the submicron short-hair fibers and other suspended matters in the leather-making and fur-processing wastewater are separated under the interception and adsorption action of a separation medium in the particle bed self-cleaning separator, and the treated wastewater is discharged to a subsequent separation unit; and (2) when the particle bed self-cleaning continuously operates until the pressure difference is increased to 0.3MPa, the particle bed self-cleaning is regenerated, raw water is reversely fed, air is supplemented, the regeneration effect is enhanced, the concentrated solution generated by regeneration forms sludge after being subjected to filter pressing and dehydration by a filter press 2 and is sent to a hazardous waste disposal unit, and auxiliary regeneration air introduced from the self-cleaning bottom of the particle bed during regeneration is discharged from a gas phase outlet at the self-cleaning top of the particle bed.
3. The results of the treatment are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of wastewater treatment
| Item | Initial concentration (mg/L) | Concentration after treatment (mg/L) | Emission limit (mg/L) | Remarks for note |
| Content of suspended matter | 800 | <30 | 50 | Reach the standard |
Note: the emission limit value executes the water pollutant emission standard of GB 30486 and 2013 leather making and fur processing industries;
according to table 3 in GB 30486-2013, the water pollutant specific emission limit and the unit product standard displacement.
Example two:
1. nature of the material
(1) Waste water: the content of suspended matters in wastewater discharged from a certain leather factory is 430 mg/L. The wastewater treatment capacity of a side line experiment is 1m3And/h, normal temperature.
(2) Separation medium: modified coal particles are used as a separation medium.
2 Process flow
Leather and fur processing wastewater containing suspended matters such as short hair fibers is pressurized by a pump and then flows to a particle bed self-cleaning separator group, the wastewater flows into the bottom from the top of the particle bed self-cleaning separator and flows out, the suspended matters such as sub-micron short hair fibers in the leather and fur processing wastewater are separated under the interception and adsorption action of a separation medium in the particle bed self-cleaning separator, and the treated wastewater is discharged to a subsequent separation unit; the granular bed self-cleaning separator group comprises 5 parallel-connected separators with 4 switches and 1 separator, continuously operates until the pressure difference rises to 0.3MPa, switches backwashing regeneration in turn, generates concentrated solution during regeneration, forms sludge after filter pressing and dehydration, and sends the sludge to a subsequent treatment unit.
3 the results are shown in the table
TABLE 2 results of wastewater treatment
Note: the emission limit value executes the water pollutant emission standard of GB 30486 and 2013 leather making and fur processing industries;
according to table 3 in GB 30486-2013, the water pollutant specific emission limit and the unit product standard displacement.
The invention utilizes a multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator to deeply remove submicron short hair fibers and other impurity suspended matters in leather and fur processing wastewater, the wastewater flows in from the top of a tower, the particle bed is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by a multistage drawer type tower plate, the upper layer is stacked by large particle filter media, large particle size suspended matters are separated and removed, the lower layer is stacked by small particle filter media, the submicron short hair fibers and small particle size suspended matters are removed, the particle size of suspended matters in the treated wastewater is not more than 2 mu m, and the content can be reduced to below 30 mg/L; when the pressure of a bed layer of the particle bed self-cleaning separator reaches a certain value, wastewater raw water is adopted for back flushing regeneration, particle gaps and submicron-order short wool fibers and other impurity suspended matters intercepted in a pore channel are released, back flushing wastewater is separated by a cyclone, solid particles return to the bed layer of the separator, concentrated wastewater is separated by filter pressing equipment, filtrate returns to an inlet of the separator, and filter cakes are discharged for solid waste treatment. The tannery and fur processing wastewater treated by the method and the device can reach the relevant national and local discharge standards, and can be expanded and applied to deep removal of submicron-level suspended matters in wastewater in the industries of textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A method for removing short hair fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps: submicron short wool fibers and other impurity suspended substances in the leather and fur processing wastewater are removed in a deep manner step by step through a multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator; when the particle bed self-cleaning separator is saturated, reverse feeding is carried out to regenerate the separation medium particles in the particle bed self-cleaning separator, submicron short wool fibers intercepted and adsorbed by pores or surfaces of the particles are released, and the particle bed is regenerated in situ; separating the backwash wastewater by an external cyclone regenerator, returning separation medium particles to a separator bed layer, concentrating the wastewater to a concentration and pressure filtration device for further dehydration treatment, returning filtrate to an inlet of the separator, and discharging filter cakes as solid waste; the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator realizes desorption by uniformly fluidizing and oscillating bed layer media through a high-flux gas-liquid distributor at the bottom, and then realizes high-efficiency regeneration of the separation media by oscillating the separation media under the action of periodically changing centrifugal force through a cyclone regenerator, and simultaneously recovers the separation media.
2. A system for removing short wool fibers in leather-making and fur processing wastewater is characterized by comprising a multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1, wherein a separation bed layer of the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 is divided by a multistage drawer type tower plate; the multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 is of a two-layer structure, wherein the upper layer removes large-particle-size suspended matters, and the lower layer intercepts submicron short wool fibers and fine particles in a deep layer; the two-layer outlets of the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1 are connected with the separation inlets of the corresponding cyclones 3, the lower outlets of the cyclones 3 are communicated and return to the multistage particle bed self-cleaning separator 1, and the upper outlets of the cyclones 3 are communicated with the filter pressing equipment 2 through pipelines.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wastewater from the leather and fur processing contains 500-2000mg/L of short-staple fiber and the average particle size of suspended matter is 0.2-500 μm.
4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the content of suspended matter in the tannery and pelage process waste water is reduced to below 30mg/L after separation by a particle bed self-cleaning separator, the average particle size of the suspended matter in the waste water being not more than 2 μm.
5. The system of claim 2, wherein the multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator is one or more of series-connected and parallel-connected.
6. The system of claim 2, wherein the multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator employs one or more particulate separation media having a porous structure, the material being an organic or inorganic material having an adsorptive effect on organic suspensions such as fluff fibers.
7. The system of claim 2, wherein the multi-stage particle bed self-cleaning separator is stacked in stages with particle filter media of decreasing diameter from larger to smaller along the upper to lower stages.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113562927A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-10-29 | 南通鑫铭环保技术有限公司 | Fur processing wastewater filter for removing short wool fibers |
| CN115180744A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-14 | 华东理工大学 | Cross-flow nanofiltration microchannel separator and application thereof |
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