CN111555462A - Wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
- H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a processing layer and an application layer, wherein the sensing layer is used for sensing the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety of a wind-solar hybrid power generation system; an I/O control panel in the sensing layer identifies a power generation field switch signal, and a sensor module senses environmental signals such as wind speed, illumination, temperature and the like; the signals are transmitted to a data acquisition card and a GIS server in a processing layer for data analysis and processing through a GPRS module in a transmission layer; the application layer judges whether the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is abnormal or failed according to the data fed back by the processing layer, and timely gives an alarm when the abnormal condition occurs; meanwhile, related control quantity is calculated and sent to the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, so that safety analysis basis is provided for management personnel, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is ensured to process a safe operation state. The data acquisition error of the invention is small, the goodness of fit with the actual value is high, and the node power consumption is only 15.8mw when the sensor transmits signals, which shows that the system has strong reliability and practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind-solar hybrid power generation, in particular to a wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things.
Background
Wind-solar hybrid power generation is an important way for converting renewable resources into electric energy, and can effectively solve the problem that non-renewable energy sources are gradually reduced. In the process of wind-solar hybrid power generation, the influence of the ambient environment on the energy production effect is large, the faults and conditions of the system can be rapidly identified by monitoring the wind-solar hybrid power generation process in real time, and a key basis is provided for optimizing the structure and performance of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system.
At present, relevant researchers have studied the monitoring problem of wind-solar hybrid power generation and obtained certain research results. Document [1] proposes a configuration optimization design of a wind-solar hybrid power generation system based on a particle swarm algorithm, identifies and controls a power generation mode of the hybrid power generation system according to the particle swarm algorithm, and collects data such as wind speed and temperature in real time by using a minimum constraint condition to complete monitoring of wind-solar hybrid power generation. The experimental result shows that although the method can realize the acquisition of the operation data, the error of the acquisition result is large. Document [2] proposes a wind-solar hybrid power generation monitoring system based on joint probability distribution, an optimization function is constructed to predict load power loss rate on the basis of comprehensive consideration of wind-solar hybrid power generation, actual power of a wind turbine generator is obtained according to a prediction result, and a DCS technology is used to monitor wind-solar hybrid power generation signals on the basis. The analysis experiment result shows that the system has higher stability, but has higher operation power consumption and lower economic value. Document [3] constructs a wind-solar hybrid system power generation capacity optimization model on the premise of ensuring the stability and economy of a monitoring system, monitors the power shortage load rate by using the model, introduces a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm into the model, and realizes effective monitoring of wind-solar hybrid power generation, but the system has the problem of high power consumption when monitoring transmission signal nodes. Document [4] designs a micro-grid monitoring network based on ZigBee communication, and uses a ZigBee technology to monitor information transmission in the micro-grid network, and uses a method of dynamically allocating addresses to improve the security of data transmission, but the method has a defect in the stability of data transmission. Document [5] designs an embedded wind power generation monitoring system, and combines the embedded and monitoring systems in consideration of the characteristics of large area of a wind farm and large number of units, so as to realize flexible control of a starting point unit, but the embedded wind power generation monitoring system has the problem of large data acquisition error as the system.
[1] The wind-solar hybrid power generation system configuration optimization design based on the particle swarm algorithm [ J ]. proceedings of Zhejiang industry university, 2018, 46 (6): 64-69.
[2] Aligning with the aspiration; guo Jia Wei; lie at the west, wind-solar complementary power generation system optimization configuration [ J ] based on joint probability distribution, solar science, 2018, 39 (1): 203-209.
[3] Aging; cai's luck; xipeng; the wind-solar complementary system power generation capacity optimization configuration based on the improved differential evolution algorithm [ J ], report of electric power science and technology, 2017, 32 (3): 22-28.
[4] Aligning with the aspiration; liexifeng. micro-grid monitoring network based on ZigBee communication [ J ] computer engineering, 2017, 43 (4): 79-83.
[5] Liufei; white forest; zhangxizhen, research and design of an embedded wind power generation monitoring system [ J ] power technology, 2017, 41 (5): 798-800.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things, the data acquisition error is small, the coincidence degree with the actual value is high, the node power consumption is only 15.8mw when the sensor transmits signals, and the system is high in reliability and has practical application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a wind-solar complementary power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a processing layer and an application layer; the method is characterized in that: the sensing layer is used for collecting data of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, and obtaining abnormal conditions in the wind-solar hybrid power generation process through the sensor module, the I/O control panel and the radio frequency identification module to obtain effective data; the transmission layer transmits the environmental signals in the sensing layer to a data acquisition card and a GIS server in the processing layer for data analysis and processing by a GPRS module in a wired and wireless mixed networking mode; the application layer judges whether the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is abnormal or failed according to the data fed back by the processing layer, and an alarm is given in time when the abnormal condition occurs; meanwhile, related control quantity is calculated and sent to the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, so that safety analysis basis is provided for management personnel, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is ensured to process a safe operation state.
Furthermore, the I/O control board receives a switching signal of a wind-solar hybrid power generation site through optical coupling, the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is damaged or the load condition is often caused by the rise of current and voltage of a fan photovoltaic module, and the I/O control board ensures that the accessed load is in a safe state through a relay device; in addition, the state information of the relay can be sent to the monitoring terminal through the I/O control panel, so that the interaction between the information and the instruction of the two parties is realized, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system can be controlled in real time at the monitoring terminal.
Further, the sensor module comprises
A wind speed sensor: adopting TF-V1 anemoscope, the relevant parameters of the equipment are set as follows: the voltage of the signal output is 0-5V direct current voltage, the rated working voltage is 12V DC, and the wind speed measurable interval is 0-38 m/s; the anemoscope comprises: the sensor is arranged on a rotating bearing vertical to the sensor, three semicircular empty cups forming an angle of 120 degrees with each other form a three-cup type rotating sensor, the sensor and the smooth bearing system work cooperatively, and the acquired data is high in reliability and low in energy consumption;
illumination sensor: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a total radiation measuring instrument with a model number of KTR-TBQ, comprising an induction piece, a glass cover and the like, and carrying out illumination collection and sensing based on a thermoelectric effect;
a temperature sensor: the model is DS18B20, and has the advantages of low I/O pin resource consumption, simple structure, less investment and easy maintenance of the expansion bus. The DS18B20 temperature sensor and singlechip communication mode is single bus communication, and the measurement temperature procedure is convenient.
Further, the transmission layer transmits the environmental signals acquired by the sensor in the sensing layer to the processing layer for analysis and processing by using the GPRS module, the mobile network is in a data communication mode between the GPRS module and the server, the GPRS module is responsible for transmitting data packaged by the data acquisition board, the server terminal receives the data and stores the data in a corresponding database, and the EP220P module is selected as the core of the GPRS module.
Furthermore, the data processing board is provided with an ATmega8 singlechip, a voltage sensor, a power supply voltage stabilizing module, a serial port communication module and a wireless transceiving module, and is used for converting environmental signals into data, transmitting the data to an application layer for display and operation, and carrying out corresponding processing on the data,
furthermore, a data processing system is carried in the data processing board and used for finishing differential processing of monitoring data and fusion processing of the monitoring data; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) differential processing of monitoring data
When the wind-solar hybrid power generation system has a fault or an abnormal condition, the difference between the data state and the data state under the normal condition is small, so that the difference and the fusion processing of the acquired data are needed, and the difference between the abnormal data and the normal data is enlarged, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a difference matrix H of different characteristic quantities is obtained by adopting a formula (1)i：
Hi＝BLi(1)
Wherein, B, LiAnd the correlation matrix respectively represents the collected data and the column matrix formed by the characteristic quantity of the monitoring data.
Secondly, obtaining a single-period single-characteristic quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system according to a formula (2):
Gi＝|BL|Hi(2)
(2) monitoring data fusion
The system fusion monitoring data method is used for constructing a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix, and comprises the following detailed steps:
firstly, a single-time-period multi-characteristic-quantity state matrix Q is established by utilizing a single-time-period single-characteristic-quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation systemi：
Qi＝[G1G2…Gn](3)
Secondly, use QiAcquiring a multi-period multi-feature quantity high-dimensional space-time state matrix Q (from the perspective of time series):
Q＝[Q1Q2…Qn](4)
one cycle of the system monitoring wind-solar hybrid power generation system is the duration of a single-period state monitoring matrix, and 72 times of data sampling are completed in each cycle; the monitoring data processing is completed based on the data difference and fusion method, the data fusion on time and space is realized, a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix is obtained, and whether the wind and light complementary power generation system is abnormal or not can be easily judged according to the monitoring matrix.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) after the system collects the data of the normal wind-light complementary power generation system, the program interruption phenomenon is uniformly processed, so that the integrity of the data is ensured, the data error of the complementary power generation system is reduced, and an accurate data basis is provided for monitoring the wind-light complementary power generation system.
(2) The information such as wind speed, temperature and illumination is extracted by adopting the I/O control panel, the sensor, the GPRS and the data processing module, compared with the traditional method, the error is lower, and the extraction accuracy is ensured.
(3) In the process of setting the data processing board, the MAX232 chip is used as the core of the serial port communication module, so that the transmission power consumption of the node can be reduced, and the economic value of the system is provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structural diagram of a wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the internet of things according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of signal conversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of data collection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a layout diagram of an experimental monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an interface diagram of a monitoring system in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: (a) a controller communication interface; (b) wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation interfaces.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the internet of things of the embodiment of the invention comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a processing layer and an application layer; the sensing layer is used for collecting data of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, and obtaining abnormal conditions in the wind-solar hybrid power generation process through the sensor module, the I/O control panel and the radio frequency identification module to obtain effective data; the transmission layer transmits the environmental signals in the sensing layer to a data acquisition card and a GIS server in the processing layer for data analysis and processing by a GPRS module in a wired and wireless mixed networking mode; the application layer judges whether the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is abnormal or failed according to the data fed back by the processing layer, and an alarm is given in time when the abnormal condition occurs; meanwhile, related control quantity is calculated and sent to the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, so that safety analysis basis is provided for management personnel, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is ensured to process a safe operation state.
In the embodiment, the I/O control board receives a switching signal of a wind-solar hybrid power generation site through optical coupling, a wind-solar hybrid power generation system is damaged or a load is often caused by high current and voltage of a photovoltaic module of a fan, and the I/O control board guarantees that the accessed load is in a safe state through a relay device; in addition, the state information of the relay can be sent to the monitoring terminal through the I/O control panel, so that the interaction between the information and the instruction of the two parties is realized, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system can be controlled in real time at the monitoring terminal.
The structural design of the I/O control board is consistent with that of a data acquisition board, a relay device circuit and an optical coupling isolation input circuit are additionally arranged on the basis, the model of the relay device circuit is OMRON _ G5Q _12VDC, and the optical coupling isolation chip is TIL113, so that the use is wide.
The sensor module comprises
A wind speed sensor: adopting TF-V1 anemoscope, the relevant parameters of the equipment are set as follows: the voltage of the signal output is 0-5V direct current voltage, the rated working voltage is 12V DC, and the wind speed measurable interval is 0-38 m/s; the anemoscope comprises: the sensor is arranged on a rotating bearing vertical to the sensor, three semicircular empty cups forming an angle of 120 degrees with each other form a three-cup type rotating sensor, the sensor and the smooth bearing system work cooperatively, and the acquired data is high in reliability and low in energy consumption;
illumination sensor: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a total radiation measuring instrument with a model number of KTR-TBQ, comprising an induction piece, a glass cover and the like, and carrying out illumination collection and sensing based on a thermoelectric effect; the surface of a hot spot pile in the thermoelectric effect is coated with black paint and is light-tight, the hot spot pile is a wire-wound electroplating type thermopile which is quick in response, an induction part quickly receives the radiation-heated thermopile, and the thermopile generates a temperature difference electromotive force output signal (compared with the radiation temperature).
A temperature sensor: the model is DS18B20, and has the advantages of low I/O pin resource consumption, simple structure, less investment and easy maintenance of the expansion bus. The DS18B20 temperature sensor and singlechip communication mode is single bus communication, and the measurement temperature procedure is convenient.
The transmission layer transmits the environmental signals acquired by the sensors in the sensing layer to the processing layer for analysis and processing by utilizing the GPRS module, the mobile network is in a data communication mode of the GPRS module and the server, the GPRS module is responsible for transmitting data packaged by the data acquisition board, the server terminal receives the data and then stores the data in a corresponding database, and the EP220P module is selected as the core of the GPRS module. The RS 232 serial port is a link for data communication between the GPRS module and the server, and the full-transparent data transmission is the characteristic of data transmission of the EP220P module, so that the baud rate of the module serial port, serial port data bits and check bits, TCP Client mode, ID number, server IP address and other information can be set according to a data manual.
The data processing board is provided with an ATmega8 single chip microcomputer, a voltage and current sensor, a power supply voltage stabilizing module, a serial port communication module and a wireless transceiving module, the data processing board is used for converting environmental signals into data and then transmitting the data to an application layer for display and operation, the data are correspondingly processed, the ATmega8 single chip microcomputer adopts a +5V universal power supply, the main function is to process the environmental signals transmitted by a transmission layer, the conversion from signals to data is completed, the operation state of the wireless transceiving module is controlled, and a signal conversion circuit is shown in figure 3. The MAX232 chip is the core of the serial port communication module, has the advantage of low power consumption, and is responsible for the communication work of the node module and the PC. The LM2576 voltage-stabilizing module stabilizes the voltage of +/-15V within +5V, because the ATmega8 singlechip adopts a universal power supply of +5V and the sensor adopts a universal power supply of +/-15V. The voltage sensor is named as ACS712 and model HFV5, and has the advantage of excellent linearity. Based on the advantages of low power consumption and good anti-interference effect, the SRWF-1028 is used as a wireless radio frequency module and has stronger long-distance transmission capability and penetrating power.
Fig. 4 is a flow of data acquisition by the system, and analysis of the diagram shows that the data acquisition by the system of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is mainly divided into two parts, namely normal data acquisition and acquisition interrupt program processing. In the normal collection wind-solar hybrid power generation system data process, if a program interruption phenomenon occurs, collected data are required to be sent to a data concentrator for unified processing, and the integrity of the data is guaranteed, otherwise, the packed data are sent according to a normal program.
The data processing flow comprises differential processing of monitoring data and fusion processing of the monitoring data; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) differential processing of monitoring data
When the wind-solar hybrid power generation system has a fault or an abnormal condition, the difference between the data state and the data state under the normal condition is small, so that the difference and the fusion processing of the acquired data are needed, and the difference between the abnormal data and the normal data is enlarged, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a difference matrix H of different characteristic quantities is obtained by adopting a formula (1)i：
Hi＝BLi(1)
Wherein, B, LiAnd the correlation matrix respectively represents the collected data and the column matrix formed by the characteristic quantity of the monitoring data.
Secondly, obtaining a single-period single-characteristic quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system according to a formula (2):
Gi＝|BL|Hi(2)
(2) monitoring data fusion
The system fusion monitoring data method is used for constructing a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix, and comprises the following detailed steps:
firstly, a single-period multi-characteristic quantity state matrix is established by utilizing a single-period single-characteristic quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system:
Qi＝[G1G2…Gn](3)
secondly, use QiAcquiring a multi-period multi-feature quantity high-dimensional space-time state matrix (from the perspective of time series), as shown in formula (4):
Q＝[Q1Q2…Qn](4)
one cycle of the system monitoring wind-solar hybrid power generation system is the duration of a single-period state monitoring matrix, and 72 times of data sampling are completed in each cycle; the monitoring data processing is completed based on the data difference and fusion method, the data fusion on time and space is realized, a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix is obtained, and whether the wind and light complementary power generation system is abnormal or not can be easily judged according to the monitoring matrix.
Analysis of experiments
Experimental Environment settings
In order to verify the effectiveness of the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things architecture, simulation experiment research is carried out. The experimental object is a certain large wind-solar hybrid power station, the monitoring system designed by the invention is adopted for safety monitoring, and the layout conditions of the monitoring system and the power generation site are shown in figure 5. 50 temperature sensor nodes and 70 wind speed sensor and illumination sensor nodes are arranged on site to acquire environmental information. The experimental comparison system is as follows: the system comprises a safety monitoring system based on LabVIEW and a safety monitoring system based on WinCC.
System display interface
The system monitoring wind-solar hybrid power generation safety state interface of the invention is shown in FIG. 6.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the system of the present invention can clearly display the current, voltage and various parameters of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation. Meanwhile, the monitoring system sets login authority, and the information security of the monitoring system is improved; the monitoring system can also generate reports and graphs of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, and provides basis for analyzing the wind-solar complementary power generation state.
Data acquisition analysis
To verify the accuracy of the data collected by the system of the present invention, the system of the present invention was tested for errors in collecting the monitoring data, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 systematic data acquisition error of the present invention
The data in the table 1 show that the errors of the collected wind speed are all lower than 0.6m/s in the process of collecting the data of the wind-solar power generation system by the system, wherein the data collected in three times are consistent with the actual value; when the temperature data is adopted, the conditions are consistent with the actual values for 5 times, and the acquisition errors are all lower than 0.5 ℃. The data show that the data acquired by the system of the invention has small error and strong reliability, and provides accurate data basis for monitoring the safety of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system.
In order to highlight the advantages of the system for safety monitoring, a comparison test is carried out. The experiment records the temperature and the wind speed acquired by the system, the safety monitoring system based on LabVIEW and the safety monitoring system based on WinCC, and the comparison result is as follows:
1) the difference between the wind speed data acquired by the system and the actual value is small and basically consistent, and the maximum error is 0.2 m/s; the sampling error of the security monitoring system based on LabVIEW in the 3 rd sampling period is the largest and reaches 3.8m/s, and the sampling error of the security monitoring system based on WinCC in the 8 th sampling period is the largest and is also 3.8 m/s.
2) The temperature value acquired by the system is basically consistent with the actual value; the temperature data collected by the LabVIEW-based safety monitoring system has low errors in a short period in a 6 th period and a8 th period, wherein the low errors are 0.3 ℃ and 0.1 ℃ respectively; the W inCC-based safety monitoring system has small sampling errors in the first 3 periods and the sampling error in the 4 th period is increased by 3.2 ℃ rapidly, so that the method has unstable data acquisition performance and cannot be used as an effective wind-solar hybrid power generation monitoring system.
In conclusion, the system has high precision and strong reliability in acquiring the wind-solar hybrid power generation data. Because the system adopts different types of sensors to collect the environmental information of the wind-solar hybrid power station, the sensors are arranged in a large quantity, and the environmental information of a power generation site can be comprehensively collected; meanwhile, the system data acquisition board is provided with the SRWF-1028 wireless radio frequency module with a good anti-interference effect, so that the acquired data information is ensured to be low in noise. Based on the advantages, the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety data acquired by the system has high precision and high reliability.
The experimental data show the instability of data collected by a safety monitoring system based on Wi nCC, the Wi nCC is a high-performance man-machine interface component, excellent performance is achieved in the aspect of automation control, the advantages of various advanced technologies are combined, accurate monitoring information can be obtained only by focusing on sensing and collecting of field data for monitoring the wind-solar hybrid power generation safety, and the safety monitoring system based on WinCC is high in data processing capacity and lack of reliable data sources, so that the accuracy of monitored data is low and unstable.
Sensor node testing
In the process of acquiring wind-solar hybrid power generation data by the monitoring system, the wind speed sensor, the illumination sensor and the temperature sensor are influenced by the wireless communication distance, and the sensor effect can be improved by adjusting the transmission distance and increasing the nodes. The system of the present invention was tested for wireless transmission distance when the sensor transmit power was at 10dBm (power maximum), with the results shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 sensor node transmission distance test results
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the transmission distances of the nodes of the system sensor all accord with expected values, which shows that the system sensor has strong ability of sensing environmental information and reliable results.
Table 3 shows the power consumption of the sensor nodes of the system, the security monitoring system based on LabVIEW and the security monitoring system based on WinCC.
TABLE 3 System sensor node Power consumption (mA) of the present invention
Analysis table 3 shows that when the monitoring system is in the non-operation, wake-up, monitoring and signal transmission states, the power consumption of the system sensor of the invention is lower than that of the comparison system, and the power consumption of the node transmitting signals is only 15.8 mA. In a non-operation state, the system saves 1.7mA and 1.4mA respectively compared with a safety monitoring system based on LabVIEW and a safety monitoring system based on WinCC; the difference of power consumption of different systems is shown in a data transmission state, and compared with a safety monitoring system based on LabVIEW and a safety monitoring system based on WinCC, the system disclosed by the invention saves 9.5mA and 14.5 mA.
Therefore, the system not only meets the requirement of low power consumption of the wind-solar hybrid power generation monitoring system, but also has outstanding advantages. The wind speed sensor TF-V1 anemoscope and the temperature sensor DS18B20 adopted by the system have the advantages of low energy consumption, small occupied pin resource amount and reduction of the total power consumption of the sensors.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. A wind-solar complementary power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a processing layer and an application layer; the method is characterized in that: the sensing layer is used for collecting data of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, and obtaining abnormal conditions in the wind-solar hybrid power generation process through the sensor module, the I/O control panel and the radio frequency identification module to obtain effective data; the transmission layer transmits the environmental signals in the sensing layer to a data acquisition card and a GIS server in the processing layer for data analysis and processing by a GPRS module in a wired and wireless mixed networking mode; the application layer judges whether the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is abnormal or failed according to the data fed back by the processing layer, and an alarm is given in time when the abnormal condition occurs; meanwhile, related control quantity is calculated and sent to the wind-solar hybrid power generation system, so that safety analysis basis is provided for management personnel, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is ensured to process a safe operation state.
2. The wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the I/O control panel receives a switching signal of a wind-solar hybrid power generation site through optical coupling, the wind-solar hybrid power generation system is damaged or the load condition is often caused by the rise of current and voltage of a fan photovoltaic module, and the I/O control panel guarantees that the accessed load is in a safe state through a relay device; in addition, the state information of the relay can be sent to the monitoring terminal through the I/O control panel, so that the interaction between the information and the instruction of the two parties is realized, and the wind-solar hybrid power generation system can be controlled in real time at the monitoring terminal.
3. The wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sensor module comprises
A wind speed sensor: adopting TF-V1 anemoscope, the relevant parameters of the equipment are set as follows: the voltage of the signal output is 0-5V direct current voltage, the rated working voltage is 12V DC, and the wind speed measurable interval is 0-38 m/s; the anemoscope comprises: the sensor is arranged on a rotating bearing vertical to the sensor, three semicircular empty cups forming an angle of 120 degrees with each other form a three-cup type rotating sensor, and the sensor and the smooth bearing system work cooperatively;
illumination sensor: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a total radiation measuring instrument with a model number of KTR-TBQ, comprising an induction piece, a glass cover and the like, and carrying out illumination collection and sensing based on a thermoelectric effect;
a temperature sensor: model number DS18B 20.
4. The wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission layer transmits the environmental signals acquired by the sensors in the sensing layer to the processing layer for analysis and processing by utilizing the GPRS module, the mobile network is in a data communication mode of the GPRS module and the server, the GPRS module is responsible for transmitting data packaged by the data acquisition board, the server terminal receives the data and then stores the data in a corresponding database, and the EP220P module is selected as the core of the GPRS module.
5. The wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data processing board is provided with an ATmega8 singlechip, a voltage sensor, a power supply voltage stabilizing module, a serial port communication module and a wireless transceiving module, and is used for converting environmental signals into data, transmitting the data to an application layer for display and operation, and carrying out corresponding processing on the data.
6. The wind-solar hybrid power generation safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data processing board is internally provided with a data processing system which is used for finishing the differential processing of the monitoring data and the fusion processing of the monitoring data; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) differential processing of monitoring data
When the wind-solar hybrid power generation system has a fault or an abnormal condition, the difference between the data state and the data state under the normal condition is small, so that the difference and the fusion processing of the acquired data are needed, and the difference between the abnormal data and the normal data is enlarged, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a difference matrix H of different characteristic quantities is obtained by adopting a formula (1)i：
Hi＝BLi(1)
Wherein, B, LiRespectively representing a correlation matrix of the acquired data and a column matrix formed by monitoring data characteristic quantities;
secondly, obtaining a single-period single-characteristic quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation system according to a formula (2):
Gi＝|BL|Hi(2)
(2) monitoring data fusion
The system fusion monitoring data method is used for constructing a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix, and comprises the following detailed steps:
firstly, a single-time-period multi-characteristic-quantity state matrix Q is established by utilizing a single-time-period single-characteristic-quantity state control matrix of the wind-solar hybrid power generation systemi：
Qi＝[G1G2…Gn](3)
Secondly, use QiAcquiring a multi-period multi-feature quantity high-dimensional space-time state matrix Q (from the perspective of time series):
Q＝[Q1Q2…Qn](4)
one cycle of the system monitoring wind-solar hybrid power generation system is the duration of a single-period state monitoring matrix, and 72 times of data sampling are completed in each cycle; the monitoring data processing is completed based on the data difference and fusion method, the data fusion on time and space is realized, a high-dimensional space-time state monitoring matrix is obtained, and whether the wind and light complementary power generation system is abnormal or not can be easily judged according to the monitoring matrix.
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