CN1115550C - IC card thermal flowmeter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an IC card calorimeter which is arranged in a centralized heat supply pipe network using water as thermophore and is used for metering the actual heat consumption of users and quantitatively supplying heat according to heat quantity purchased in advance by users. The present invention is composed of a single chip computer and a peripheral circuit thereof, EEPROM, an IC card reader-writer, a control valve, a flow meter, a temperature measuring device, a keyboard, a display and a power circuit. The heat quantity purchased in advance in an IC card mode by a user is controlled by the single chip computer and is written into the EEPROM by the IC card reader-writer; the actual heat consumption of the user is calculated by utilizing the product of hot water volume flow quantity which is synchronously collected and inlet and outlet temperature, and is successively deducted from the heat quantity purchased in advance; when the heat quantity purchased in advance is exhausted, the single chip computer switches off the control valve.

Description

IC card thermal flowmeter

The present invention relates to a kind of being installed in water is be used for metering user, particularly heating user in the central heating pipe network of thermophore actual with heat and purchase the calorimeter of the quantitative heat supply of heat in advance by the user.

In central heating system, user, particularly heating user's actual metering and charging with heat is puzzlement heat supply merchant and vast heating user's a thorny difficult problem always.Owing to lack effective measurement means and control device, the actual of user is difficult to accurately metering with heat, and collecting of heat supply expense also therefore lacks reliable basis.Therefore, in the heating area of northern China, continue to use the way that collects heating cost by the user heating area for a long time.Obviously, this way is a kind of not only unreasonable but also unscientific way, it not only can not accurately reflect user's the actual heat of using, and having deprived the initiative of user according to the actual conditions heating of oneself, the heat supply merchant also lacks effective restriction and control device to the user who is in arrears with or refuses to pay heating cost individually.For the actual heat of using of metering user exactly, some multi-form heat instrument or calorimeters have appearred in recent years successively, as the XMW-31 type heat instrument and the disclosed rotary wind type heating of the ZL96248117.3 utility model patent heat measuring meter of China Shanghai Dahua Instrument and Meter Plant production.XMW-31 type heat instrument is that processor is equipped with I/O interfaces such as A/D with the Z80 single-chip microcomputer, the metering heating steam heat.Since this heat instrument can only with the orifice flowmeter adapted, so its usable range has significant limitation, it can only be used for steam heating system, and what can not be used for extensively adopting at present is the hot water heating heating system of thermophore with water.Rotary wind type heating heat measuring meter adopts the mechanical flow instrumentation amount hot water flow of heating radiator of flowing through, and relies on thermometer bulb to experience the temperature of heating radiator, then the heat dissipation capacity by the synthetic heating radiator of mechanical means.Though this heat metering instrument is applicable to the hot water heating heating system since during synthetic heat dissipation capacity in fact with the definite value ratio that specific heat is considered as and water temperature is irrelevant of hot water, thereby exist bigger error inevitably.In addition, solved the actual measurement problem of user though comprise the existing calorimeter of above-mentioned two kinds of heat instrument or calorimeter with heat, but it is still powerless for more thorny control problem, the user still can not be according to the needs heating of oneself, and the heat supply merchant can not be by the quantitative heat supply of user's needs.

It is be used for accurate metering user, particularly heating user in the central heating pipe network of thermophore actual with heat and can purchase the calorimeter of the quantitative heat supply of heat by the user in advance that purpose of the present invention promptly is to obtain a kind of being installed in water.

To achieve these goals, the present invention utilizes single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit, EEPROM, IC-card read write line, operation valve, flowmeter, temperature measuring equipment and keyboard, display and power circuit to form a kind of IC card thermal flowmeter.The user writes among the EEPROM by the IC-card read write line under the control of heat at single-chip microcomputer of heat supply merchant forward purchasing with the IC-card form; Single-chip microcomputer is under the support of software, utilization is by flowmeter and the temperature measuring equipment user's that flows through (or heating radiator) of synchro measure hot water volume flow and the actual heat of using that out temperature calculates the user respectively, and from the forward purchasing heat, reduce successively, detained when most when the user purchases heat in advance, the operation valve that the single-chip microcomputer instruction is installed in heating network user (or heating radiator) entrance point or endpiece automatically shuts down, stops heat supply; After the user continued the forward purchasing heat, single-chip microcomputer just can be cancelled and turn-off instruction, recover heat supply.This shows, the like this IC card thermal flowmeter of forming accurate actual heat of using of metering user not only, and can purchase the quantitative heat supply of heat in advance according to the user, and both guaranteed user's autonomy of heating as required, the heat supply merchant has been had restrict the effective means of refusing to pay the heat cost family individually.Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the technical characterictic of specific embodiment IC card thermal flowmeter of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the theory diagram of IC card thermal flowmeter of the present invention.

With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, IC card thermal flowmeter of the present invention mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit, EEPROM, IC-card read write line, operation valve, flowmeter and temperature measuring equipment and keyboard, display and power circuit.EPROM is the electro-erasable programmable read-only memory, it links by interface and single-chip microcomputer and is used to deposit various information and the data that exchange with IC-card, as common informations such as address name, address, card number, issuing date, date of expiration, hair fastener unit and hair fastener operators, security information such as password, key and user purchase heat, actual in data such as heat and surplus heats in advance.The IC-card read write line is the interface of IC-card and this calorimeter, and it is made up of deck, memory and interface circuit and links by interface and single-chip microcomputer.Deck is the passage that read write line is connected IC-card with interface circuit, realizes power supply and data transmission to IC-card by it.When IC-card inserted deck and puts in place, interface circuit was promptly powered to IC-card, and provided clock and information by " the sequential requirement " of stipulating in the ISO7816-3 international standard to IC-card.The user writes among the EEPROM by the IC-card read write line is all or part of under the control of single-chip microcomputer just with the heat of IC-card form forward purchasing.Otherwise surplus heat also can be transferred on the IC-card by the IC-card read write line under the control of single-chip microcomputer among the EEPROM, for using through other calorimeter of authorizing or moving back expense to hair fastener unit.Operation valve in this calorimeter can adopt open type motorized valve or solenoid valve, is installed in heating network user (or heating radiator) entrance point or endpiece, and its control circuit links by interface and single-chip microcomputer.In case of necessity, single-chip microcomputer can automatically shut down to stop heat supply or to cancel and turn-off instruction to recover heat supply by the instruction control valve.

In this calorimeter, the actual of user's (or heating radiator) is to obtain by flow through user's's (or heating radiator) hot water enthalpy difference of calculating with heat, and the calculating of enthalpy is adopted " the hot rerum natura table of IFC-67 water and water vapour " and supposed enthalpy and the density and the pressure independent of hot water.Therefore, the actual of user's (or heating radiator) can directly utilize the volume flow of hot water and out temperature to carry out with heat.The flowmeter that is used to measure the hot water volume flow in this calorimeter is a kind of mechanical flow meter, for example vane-wheel type flowmeter or velocity flowmeter, be installed in heating network user (or heating radiator) entrance point or endpiece, the hot water volumetric flow rate signal that is measured is sent constantly into the single-chip microcomputer pin with impulse form.Be used to measure the temperature measuring equipment of importing and exporting water temperature in this calorimeter and can adopt occasionally thermal resistance thermometer of thermoelectricity, Pt100 thermal resistance thermometer for example, be installed in heating network user (or heating radiator) entrance point and endpiece respectively, measured hot water entrance's temperature analog signal after A/D conversion by single-chip microcomputer and hot water volumetric flow rate signal synchronous acquisition.

Single-chip microcomputer is the core of this calorimeter, its major function is, under the support of software, utilizing the hot water volume flow of synchronous acquisition and out temperature data computation go out to flow through user's's (or heating radiator) hot water enthalpy difference is the actual heat of using of user, and from the heat of user's forward purchasing, reduce successively, purchase heat in advance to the user and detained when most, the instruction control valve automatically shuts down to stop heat supply (can point out in advance or warn), treats that the user continues to cancel behind the forward purchasing heat again to turn-off instruction to recover heat supply.In addition, single-chip microcomputer is also being controlled the read-write of IC-card, input and the demonstration of parameter and the monitoring of system of keyboard.

Keyboard in this calorimeter can adopt push type or touch nonencoded keyboard, links and is used for to single-chip microcomputer input data or instruction by interface and single-chip microcomputer.In order to reduce the power consumption of calorimeter, display in this calorimeter can adopt the liquid crystal LCD display, and linking and be mainly used in by interface and single-chip microcomputer shows that hot water real time temperature and instantaneous delivery, user's (or heating radiator) are instantaneous with heat and be stored in data such as surplus heat among the EEPROM.In this calorimeter with the direct supply of battery as single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof, in order to make the calorimeter still can operate as normal when changing battery, can consider to adopt the double cell power circuit of forming by long-acting rechargeable battery (Batt2) and user's replaceable battery (Batt1) in the table.Under the normal condition, calorimeter is powered by Batt1, and Batt2 then is in the charged state by Batt1; When Batt1 will exhaust, calorimeter was transferred the power supply by Batt2, and calorimeter enters low power consumpting state, reminds the user in time more to renew Batt1 simultaneously.

IC card thermal flowmeter of the present invention is formed ingenious, easy to use, the accurate actual heat of using of metering user not only, and can purchase the quantitative heat supply of heat in advance by the user, both guaranteed that the user used the autonomy of heat as required, and the heat supply merchant had been had restrict the effective means of refusing to pay the heat cost family individually.Therefore, the present invention is actual in the measuring apparatus of heat as the user except that being particularly suitable in hot-water heating system, and can also be used for cold water is the cold supply system of medium.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of being installed in water is that be used for metering user in the central heating pipe network of thermophore actual purchased the IC card thermal flowmeter of the quantitative heat supply of heat in advance with heat and by the user, it is characterized in that being made up of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit, EEPROM, IC-card read write line, operation valve, flowmeter and temperature measuring equipment and keyboard display and power circuit; Described EEPROM is the electro-erasable programmable read-only memory, links and is used to store data and the information that exchanges with IC-card by interface and single-chip microcomputer; Described IC-card read write line is made up of deck, interface circuit and memory, link by interface and single-chip microcomputer, the user is write among the EEPROM by the IC-card read write line by Single-chip Controlling with the heat of IC-card form forward purchasing, and the surplus heat among the EEPROM also can be transferred on the IC-card by the IC-card read write line by Single-chip Controlling; Described operation valve is open type motorized valve or solenoid valve, is installed in heating network user entrance point or endpiece, and its control circuit links by interface and single-chip microcomputer; Described flow is counted the mechanical flow meter, is installed in heating network user entrance point or endpiece and is used for the hot water volume flow of measurement flow through the user, and the hot water volumetric flow rate signal that is measured is sent constantly into single-chip microcomputer and deposited among the EEPROM through interface; Described temperature measuring equipment is installed in heating network user entrance point and endpiece and is respectively applied for hot water inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of measuring the user that flows through, measured hot water entrance's temperature analog signal after the A/D conversion by Single-chip Controlling and hot water volumetric flow rate signal synchronous acquisition; Described single-chip microcomputer is under the support of software, utilize flowmeter metering the hot water volume flow and with hot water enthalpy difference that hot water entrance's thermometer of volume flow synchronous acquisition is calculated the user that flows through be user's the actual heat of using, and purchase in advance the heat from the user and to reduce successively, purchasing heat in advance to the user is detained when most, single-chip microcomputer is that the instruction control valve automatically shuts down, after treating that the user continues the forward purchasing heat, single-chip microcomputer is promptly cancelled and is turn-offed instruction; Described keyboard links by interface and single-chip microcomputer and is used for to single-chip microcomputer input data and instruction; Described display links by interface and single-chip microcomputer and is used to show hot water real time temperature and instantaneous delivery, and the user is instantaneous with heat and be stored in data such as surplus heat among the EEPROM; Described power circuit provides direct supply for single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.

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