CN111554993A - Recovery method of lithium ion battery module - Google Patents
Recovery method of lithium ion battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN111554993A CN111554993A CN201910111691.5A CN201910111691A CN111554993A CN 111554993 A CN111554993 A CN 111554993A CN 201910111691 A CN201910111691 A CN 201910111691A CN 111554993 A CN111554993 A CN 111554993A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a recovery method of a lithium ion battery module, which relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries and comprises the following steps: s1: reading a bar code of a lithium ion battery module, and identifying basic information of the lithium ion battery module; s2: and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information, and recycling the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module. According to the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module, on one hand, the safety of the disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is improved through full-automatic nondestructive disassembly, and meanwhile, the working efficiency of the disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is also improved; on the other hand, the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module are recycled, so that the energy is saved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a recovery method of a lithium ion battery module.
Background
Rechargeable power automobiles are increasingly paid attention by countries in the world in order to get rid of energy shortage and reduce the influence of the traditional automobile exhaust emission on the environment; by 2020, the reserve capacity of the power automobile is expected to reach 80 thousands, and the output value is expected to exceed 12000 million yuan; the lithium ion battery is widely applied in the fields of power automobiles, portable electrical appliances and the like in recent decades and becomes the most potential rechargeable power supply, and at present, all or part of the energy of the electric automobile comes from the rechargeable power lithium ion battery; however, the life of the lithium ion battery is generally only two to five years, and therefore the replacement frequency of the lithium ion battery is relatively fast, and on average, one vehicle needs to replace three to five lithium ion battery cells, so that a large amount of waste lithium ion batteries are expected to be disposed and recycled in the next five to ten years.
At present, the recovery mode of the lithium ion battery is mainly manual disassembly; the lithium ion battery is recycled through manual disassembly, and higher potential safety hazards exist.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention adopts a technical scheme that a recovery method of a lithium ion battery module is provided, and comprises the following steps:
s1: reading a bar code of a lithium ion battery module, and identifying basic information of the lithium ion battery module;
s2: and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information, and classifying and recycling the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module.
Optionally, the basic information for identifying the lithium ion battery module includes: and identifying the rated voltage, the upper limit voltage, the lower limit voltage, the battery material system, the packaging structure and the connection structure of the battery pack of the lithium ion battery module.
Optionally, the disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information includes:
s21: packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information to obtain a single battery;
s22: and disassembling the single battery according to the basic information.
Optionally, the packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information includes:
s215: according to the packaging structure of the lithium ion battery module, the shell of the lithium ion battery module is dismantled to obtain a bare cell, a shell and a connecting piece;
s216: respectively recovering the shell and the connecting piece;
s217: according to the packaging structure of the lithium ion battery module, removing the packaging part of the bare cell to obtain a battery pack and a packaging part;
s218: recovering the packaging component;
s219: and according to the connection structure of the battery pack, removing the battery pack to obtain the single battery.
Optionally, the packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information further includes, before disassembling a housing of the lithium ion battery module:
s211: calculating the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module according to the connection structure of the battery pack, the rated voltage, the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage;
s212: discharging the lithium ion battery module according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module;
s213: detecting the real-time voltage of the discharged lithium ion battery module;
s214: comparing the real-time voltage with the platform voltage, if the real-time voltage is lower than the platform voltage, entering step S215, otherwise, entering step S212.
Optionally, the disassembling the single battery according to the basic information includes:
s221: deeply discharging the single battery according to the battery material system to obtain a discharged single battery;
s222: disassembling the single battery shell of the discharged single battery in an inert atmosphere to obtain a battery core and a single battery shell component;
s223: recovering the single battery shell component;
s224: by CO2Removing the electrolyte in the battery core by using a supercritical extraction technology to obtain a core component and recycle the electrolyte;
s225: disassembling the inner core member to obtain a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material and a diaphragm;
s226: recovering the positive electrode material;
s227: recovering the negative electrode material;
s228: recovering the membrane.
Optionally, the deeply discharging the unit cells includes: and (3) soaking the single battery in an inorganic salt solution.
Optionally, the recycling the positive electrode material includes:
s2261: placing the anode material in an anode separation liquid for separation to obtain an anode aluminum foil and anode separation mixed liquid;
s2262: recovering the positive aluminum foil;
s2263: and recovering the positive electrode separation liquid in the positive electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
Optionally, the recycling the anode material comprises:
s2271: placing the negative electrode material in a negative electrode separation solution for separation to obtain a negative electrode aluminum foil and negative electrode separation mixed solution;
s2272: recovering the negative aluminum foil;
s2273: and recovering the negative electrode separation liquid in the negative electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
Optionally, the positive separation liquid and the negative separation liquid are both an N-methylpyrrolidone solution at 30-100 ℃ or a dimethylformamide solution at 30-100 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for recovering the lithium ion battery module, the matched disassembly scheme is formulated according to the characteristics of each type of lithium ion battery module, the full-automatic nondestructive disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is realized according to the matched disassembly scheme, and the raw materials of the disassembled lithium ion battery module are recovered, so that on one hand, the safety of the disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is improved through the full-automatic nondestructive disassembly, and meanwhile, the working efficiency of the disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is also improved; on the other hand, the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module are recycled, so that the energy is saved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of recovering a lithium ion battery module of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for disassembling a lithium ion battery module;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention for PACK disassembly of a lithium ion battery module;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for disassembling the single battery;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the present invention for recycling positive electrode materials;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of the present invention for recovering an anode material.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
In order to solve the problem of potential safety hazard existing in the conventional method for recycling the lithium ion battery through manual disassembly, the invention provides a method for recycling a lithium ion battery module. Specifically, the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module provided by the invention can realize intelligent and full-automatic disassembly and recovery of the lithium ion battery module by combining the control module with corresponding mechanical structures such as a processing station, a manipulator, a conveying device and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for recovering a lithium ion battery module provided in this embodiment includes:
s1: reading a bar code of the lithium ion battery module, and identifying basic information of the lithium ion battery module;
s2: and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information, and recovering the raw material of the lithium ion battery module.
The presence of an electrolyte LiPF in the electrolyte of a lithium ion battery module6And volatile, flammable organic solvent, etc., harmful to the environment, therefore, if the way of disassembling is improper, not only will cause the pollution to the environment, will also cause the injury to the operator's health; the method for recovering the lithium ion battery module provided by the embodiment comprises the steps that before the battery module is disassembled, a bar code of the lithium ion battery module is read through an information reading and processing unit, and basic information of the lithium ion battery module is identified; the basic information of the identified lithium ion battery module is further sent to a programming and control unit, the programming and control unit formulates a disassembly scheme matched with the lithium ion battery module according to the sent basic information, and sends the disassembly scheme to a disassembly unit; the disassembling unit is used for disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to a formulated disassembling scheme, raw materials of the disassembled lithium ion battery module are conveyed to the classifying unit, the classifying unit is used for classifying and recycling the raw materials, and secondary utilization is carried out in the later stage.
According to the method for recovering the lithium ion battery module, a disassembly scheme matched with each type of lithium ion battery module is formulated according to the characteristics of each type of lithium ion battery module, full-automatic nondestructive disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is realized according to the disassembly scheme matched with the lithium ion battery module, and the raw materials of the disassembled lithium ion battery module are recovered, so that on one hand, the safety of disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is improved through full-automatic nondestructive disassembly, and meanwhile, the working efficiency of disassembly of the lithium ion battery module is also improved; on the other hand, the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module are recycled, so that the energy is saved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Example two
Based on the first embodiment, in the method for recovering a lithium ion battery module provided in this embodiment, the basic information for identifying the lithium ion battery module includes: identifying platform voltage of a lithium ion battery module, a battery material system, a Packaging (PACK) structure, and a connection structure of a battery PACK; the disassembly is carried out according to the basic information of the lithium ion battery module, namely the disassembly is carried out on the lithium ion battery module according to the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module, a battery material system, a PACK structure and the connection structure of a battery PACK.
The method for recovering the lithium ion battery module provided by the embodiment is to disassemble the lithium ion battery module in a lossless manner according to the basic information of the lithium ion battery module, and then disassemble the lithium ion battery module, the various accessories of the lithium ion battery module can be disassembled in a lossless manner, wherein the shell, the connecting piece, the PACK component, the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material and the diaphragm of the disassembled lithium ion battery module can be recycled.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information of the lithium ion battery module includes:
s21: carrying out PACK (PACK packaging Key) disassembly on the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information to obtain a single battery;
s22: and disassembling the single batteries according to the basic information.
According to the structure of the lithium ion battery module, the lithium ion battery module is formed by connecting single batteries in series and parallel and then packaging the single batteries by a PACK process to obtain a finished product of the lithium ion battery module; according to the method for recycling the lithium ion battery module, provided by the embodiment, the battery module is disassembled by PACK according to the assembling method and the structural characteristics of the lithium ion battery module, so that the single battery is obtained, and then the single battery is further disassembled, so that the battery module is disassembled.
Because the recovery method provided by the embodiment is disassembled according to the structural characteristics of the lithium ion battery module, the disassembly mode of the lithium ion battery module is matched with the structure of the lithium ion battery module, and further the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module provided by the embodiment can realize the accurate disassembly of the lithium ion battery module on the basis of fully knowing the structure of the battery module, thereby improving the safety and further improving the intelligent degree of automatic disassembly of the lithium ion battery module.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 3 on the basis of the second embodiment, in the method for recovering a lithium ion battery module according to the present embodiment, performing PACK disassembly on the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information includes:
s215: according to the PACK structure of the lithium ion battery module, the shell of the lithium ion battery module is dismantled to obtain a bare cell, a shell and a connecting piece;
s216: respectively recovering the shell and the connecting piece;
s217: removing the PACK component of the bare cell according to the PACK structure of the lithium ion battery module to obtain a battery PACK and a PACK component;
s218: recovering the PACK component;
s219: and according to the connection structure of the battery pack, removing the battery pack to obtain the single battery.
The method comprises the steps of identifying the PACK structure of a lithium ion battery module by reading a bar code of the lithium ion battery module, obtaining the material of a shell and the connection mode of the shell in the lithium ion battery module according to the PACK structure, making a shell disassembly scheme matched with the material of the shell and the connection mode of the shell, disassembling the screw connection position of the shell of the lithium ion battery module by adopting an automatic screw disassembling device according to the disassembly scheme, cutting the laser welding connection position along the welding seam position in a cutting mode, taking out the shell, the screw, the nut and other auxiliary connecting pieces by a mechanical arm, and respectively transferring the disassembled shell, the screw, the nut and other auxiliary connecting pieces to a designated transfer station for further recycling.
Removing the shell of the lithium ion battery module to obtain a bare cell of the lithium ion battery module; the bare battery comprises a battery PACK and a PACK component, wherein the PACK component comprises common components of a lithium ion battery module, such as a high-voltage wire harness, a charging interface, a cooling fan, a cooling pipeline, a BMS and the like; obtaining an initial assembly scheme of the lithium ion battery module according to a PACK structure of the lithium ion battery module; and further formulating an optimal disassembly scheme and a disassembly path according to the initial assembly scheme, wherein the optimal disassembly scheme aims at generating minimum damage to the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module, controls the manipulator to respectively disassemble all PACK components such as a high-voltage wire harness, a charging interface, a cooling fan, a cooling pipeline, a BMS and the like, and respectively transfers the disassembled PACK components to a specified transfer station for recycling.
After the PACK component of the bare cell is removed, the rest part is a battery PACK; the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series and parallel; the method comprises the steps of identifying a connection structure of a battery pack by reading bar code information of a lithium ion battery module, further obtaining a series-parallel connection scheme of the whole battery pack according to the connection structure, and working out a corresponding battery pack disassembly scheme according to the series-parallel connection scheme, wherein according to the disassembly scheme, single batteries in the battery pack are sequentially separated according to the sequence of firstly disassembling the parallel battery pack and then disassembling the series battery pack, so that the single batteries are obtained.
According to the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module, information such as the assembly sequence of the lithium ion battery module is obtained according to the PACK structure of the lithium ion battery module, and according to the assembly sequence of the battery module, a corresponding disassembly scheme is formulated with the aim of producing the minimum damage to the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module, so that the disassembly scheme of the lithium ion battery module is determined according to the internal structure of the lithium ion battery module, and the lithium ion battery module is accurately disassembled.
In order to improve the safety when the lithium ion battery module is disassembled, the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module provided by the embodiment can also discharge the battery module before the battery module is disassembled, so that the disassembly work of the lithium ion battery module is performed under the condition of low electric quantity; specifically, the method for recycling a lithium ion battery module according to this embodiment further includes, during the process of disassembling a PACK from the lithium ion battery module according to basic information of the lithium ion battery module, before the step of disassembling a housing of the lithium ion battery module, the step of:
s211: calculating the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module according to the connection structure of the battery pack, the rated voltage, the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage;
s212: discharging the lithium ion battery module according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module;
s213: detecting the real-time voltage of the discharged lithium ion battery module;
s214: comparing the real-time voltage with the platform voltage, and judging whether the real-time voltage is lower than the platform voltage; if the real-time voltage is lower than the plateau voltage, go to step S215, otherwise go to step S212.
When the voltage of the lithium ion battery module is near the platform voltage, the voltage change of the lithium ion battery module is relatively stable and stable in the charging and discharging process, and the safety of the lithium ion battery module is relatively high; firstly, the number of the single batteries connected in series in the battery pack is obtained according to the connection structure of the battery pack, and then the number is multiplied by the rated voltage to calculate the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module.
Different battery material systems, such as lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary batteries, lithium manganate batteries, lithium titanate batteries and the like, have different characteristics and structures; according to the specific battery material system of the lithium ion battery module, a corresponding discharging mode is selected to discharge the lithium ion battery module, wherein the specific discharging mode is selected from a conventional discharging mode in the field, and the details are not repeated herein.
After the discharging is finished, further detecting the real-time voltage of the discharged lithium ion battery module, comparing the detected real-time voltage with the calculated platform voltage, and if the real-time voltage is lower than the platform voltage, proving that the safety of disassembling the lithium ion battery module is higher at the moment, conveying the lithium ion battery to a corresponding battery module disassembling station for disassembling; on the contrary, if the real-time voltage is not lower than the platform voltage, the discharging of the lithium ion battery module is not complete, if the lithium ion battery module is disassembled and accidents such as explosion easily occur, the lithium ion battery module needs to be further discharged, the detection process is repeated, and the lithium ion battery is conveyed to the corresponding battery module disassembling station for disassembling until the real-time voltage of the lithium ion battery module is detected to be lower than the platform voltage.
In the method for recovering the lithium ion battery module provided by this embodiment, the lithium ion battery module is discharged before being disassembled, the real-time voltage of the discharged lithium ion battery module is detected, and the lithium ion battery module is disassembled when the real-time voltage is lower than the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module, so that the safety of the method for recovering the lithium ion battery module is further improved.
Example four
On the basis of the third embodiment, referring to fig. 4, in the method for recovering a lithium ion battery module according to the present embodiment, the disassembling the single battery according to the basic information includes:
s221: deeply discharging the single battery according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module to obtain a discharged single battery;
s222: disassembling the single battery shell of the discharged single battery in an inert atmosphere to obtain a battery inner core and a single battery shell component;
s223: recovering the single battery shell component;
s224: by CO2Removing the electrolyte in the battery kernel by using a supercritical extraction technology to obtain a kernel component and recover the electrolyte;
s225: disassembling the inner core member to obtain a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material and a diaphragm;
s226: recovering the positive electrode material;
s227: recovering the negative electrode material;
s228: the membrane is recovered.
After the lithium ion battery module is subjected to PACK disassembly, a single battery is obtained; the single battery is a core component of the lithium ion battery module, and the electric energy of the lithium ion battery module is extracted by the single batteries connected in series and parallelSupplying; therefore, before the single battery is disassembled, the single battery needs to be deeply discharged so as to ensure that the single battery is disassembled without electricity. Due to different battery material systems, the individual batteries are also different; according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module, a deep discharge mode matched with the battery material system is selected to carry out deep discharge on the single battery; the deep discharge mode of the single battery can be any chemical discharge mode capable of realizing the deep discharge of the single battery in the prior art, and the embodiment preferably puts the single battery into an inorganic salt solution to be soaked so as to realize the deep discharge; the concrete mode is as follows: placing the disassembled single battery into an inorganic salt solution with the concentration range of 0.1-10% to soak for 6-24h for deep discharge, wherein the inorganic salt is NaCl and NaHCO3、Na2CO3、CaCl2At least one of (1).
After the discharge is finished, obtaining a discharged single battery; because the single battery comprises a battery core and a single battery shell component wrapped outside the battery core, the disassembly of the single battery needs to firstly disassemble and recycle the external single battery shell component. In order to improve the safety, during the specific operation, the discharged single battery is subjected to single battery shell disassembly in an inert atmosphere to obtain a battery core and a single battery shell member; wherein the inert atmosphere includes, but is not limited to, nitrogen, argon, helium atmosphere.
For example, the discharged single batteries are conveyed to a single battery shell cutting station by using a conveying device, after welding seam positions on the single battery shells are identified in a corresponding inert atmosphere, the single battery shells are cut along the welding seam positions by using corresponding cutting tools, battery cores in the single battery shells are taken out by using corresponding manipulators, and the single battery shells are disassembled and separated in the next step; meanwhile, the separated single battery shell components, such as the single battery shell, the cover plate spacer ring and other structural components are classified and conveyed to corresponding stations for classified recovery.
Because the separated battery core contains electrolyte, the method is used for further recycling specific components of the battery coreExamples by CO2Removing the electrolyte in the battery kernel by using a supercritical extraction technology to obtain a kernel component and recycle the electrolyte; the recovered electrolyte is further subjected to chemical treatment, such as by LiPF6Hydrolyzing and generating fluoride precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions and the like to be used as industrial raw materials continuously so as to avoid the pollution of the environment and water body caused by the random discharge of the electrolyte; chemical treatment of the recovered electrolyte is prior art, and detailed description of a specific chemical treatment manner is not repeated in this embodiment.
By the above-mentioned CO2The method for removing the electrolyte in the battery core by the supercritical extraction technology comprises the following steps: placing the separated battery core into CO containing 1-15% entrainer2Removing solvent and electrolyte from electrolyte in supercritical extraction system, wherein supercritical CO is adopted2The temperature of the fluid is 0-80 ℃, and the pressure is 10-30 MPa; the entrainer in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, one or more of ethylbutyl ketone, acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol, and methanol.
This example uses CO2The supercritical extraction technology can avoid secondary pollution caused by the traditional treatment method, and the substance components separated by the method are single, so that the pollution-free treatment and the recycling can be conveniently carried out; the CO provided by the embodiment is adopted2According to the supercritical extraction technology, the recovery rate of the anode material reaches more than 95%, the recovery rate of the cathode carbon material reaches more than 80%, and the recovered anode material and the recovered cathode material can be synthesized into an electrode material with good performance through a reconstruction technology for secondary utilization, so that the energy is greatly saved. In addition, the industrial-grade carbon dioxide is low in cost, and compared with other chemical reagents, the carbon dioxide is more environment-friendly, can be automatically volatilized and removed under a greenhouse, and does not need extra energy, so that green recovery of the anode material and the cathode material can be realized.
For convenience of description, a member of the battery core from which the electrolyte is removed is referred to as a core member including a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material, and a separator of a unit cell. And respectively conveying the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material and the diaphragm to corresponding processing units through corresponding mechanical arms for further recovery processing.
In the method for recycling the lithium ion battery module, before the single battery is recycled, the single battery is first deeply discharged to improve the safety of the disassembly process; when the single battery is deeply discharged, a deep discharging mode matched with the single battery is formulated according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module, so that the single battery is nondestructively and accurately disassembled.
According to the recovery method of the lithium ion battery module, after the single battery is disassembled, the shell member of the single battery is further recovered in a nondestructive mode, and the shell member of the single battery is recycled, so that the purposes of saving energy and reducing energy consumption are achieved.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 5, in addition to the fourth embodiment, in the method for recycling a lithium ion battery module according to the present embodiment, the recycling of the positive electrode material includes:
s2261: placing the anode material in the anode separation liquid for separation to obtain an anode aluminum foil and anode separation mixed liquid;
s2262: recovering the positive aluminum foil;
s2263: and recovering the positive electrode separation liquid in the positive electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
Accordingly, as shown in fig. 6, the recycling of the anode material includes:
s2271: placing the negative electrode material in the negative electrode separation liquid for separation to obtain a negative electrode aluminum foil and negative electrode separation mixed liquid;
s2272: recovering the aluminum foil of the negative electrode;
s2273: and recovering the negative electrode separation liquid in the negative electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
Because the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material both comprise aluminum foil, active substances, acetylene black, a binder and the like, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material need to be further treated for recovering the aluminum foil in the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, specifically, in the embodiment, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are treated by a chemical separation method, and the recovery of the positive electrode material is taken as an example, the positive electrode material is automatically conveyed into an ultrasonic stirring kettle in which a positive electrode separation liquid is placed, so that the chemical substances in the positive electrode material are dissolved in the positive electrode separation liquid and further separated from the positive electrode aluminum foil; and recovering the obtained positive aluminum foil for later secondary utilization.
The process of recycling the negative electrode material is the same as that of recycling the positive electrode material, and is not described herein in detail.
In order to dissolve the chemical substances on the aluminum foil, the positive electrode separation liquid and the negative electrode separation liquid in this embodiment may be selected from a 30-100 ℃ N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solution or a Dimethylformamide (DMF) solution.
After the positive aluminum foil and the negative aluminum foil are recovered, the obtained separation mixed solution can be further processed to recover NMP or DMF; the specific recovery method can be reduced pressure distillation, namely, NMP or DMF in the separation mixed solution is recovered by a reduced pressure distillation tower. The method realizes the recycling of the separation liquid by a reduced pressure distillation mode, wherein the recycling rate of the separation liquid is more than 99 percent, the cost is low, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
The recovery method of the lithium ion battery module provided by the embodiment realizes the recovery and secondary utilization of the aluminum foil through chemical treatment, saves energy and reduces energy consumption; in addition, the recovery of the separation liquid is realized through further reduced pressure distillation, so that the cyclic utilization of the separation liquid is realized, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling a lithium ion battery module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: reading a bar code of a lithium ion battery module, and identifying basic information of the lithium ion battery module;
s2: and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information, and classifying and recycling the raw materials of the lithium ion battery module.
2. The method for recycling a lithium ion battery module according to claim 1, wherein the basic information for identifying the lithium ion battery module comprises: and identifying the rated voltage, the upper limit voltage, the lower limit voltage, a battery material system, a packaging structure and a connection structure of the battery pack of the lithium ion battery module.
3. The method for recycling the lithium ion battery module according to claim 2, wherein the disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information comprises:
s21: packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information to obtain a single battery;
s22: and disassembling the single battery according to the basic information.
4. The method for recycling the lithium ion battery module according to claim 3, wherein the step of packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information comprises:
s215: according to the packaging structure of the lithium ion battery module, the shell of the lithium ion battery module is dismantled to obtain a bare cell, a shell and a connecting piece;
s216: respectively recovering the shell and the connecting piece;
s217: according to the packaging structure of the lithium ion battery module, removing the packaging part of the bare cell to obtain a battery pack and a packaging part;
s218: recovering the packaging component;
s219: and according to the connection structure of the battery pack, removing the battery pack to obtain the single battery.
5. The method for recycling the lithium ion battery module according to claim 4, wherein the step of packaging and disassembling the lithium ion battery module according to the basic information further comprises, before disassembling a housing of the lithium ion battery module:
s211: calculating the platform voltage of the lithium ion battery module according to the connection structure of the battery pack, the rated voltage, the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage;
s212: discharging the lithium ion battery module according to a battery material system of the lithium ion battery module;
s213: detecting the real-time voltage of the discharged lithium ion battery module;
s214: comparing the real-time voltage with the platform voltage, if the real-time voltage is lower than the platform voltage, then entering step S215, otherwise, entering step S212.
6. The method for recycling the lithium ion battery module according to claim 2, wherein the disassembling the unit batteries according to the basic information comprises:
s221: deeply discharging the single battery according to the battery material system to obtain a discharged single battery;
s222: disassembling the single battery shell of the discharged single battery in an inert atmosphere to obtain a battery core and a single battery shell component;
s223: recovering the single battery shell component;
s224: by CO2Removing the electrolyte in the battery core by using a supercritical extraction technology to obtain a core component and recycle the electrolyte;
s225: disassembling the inner core member to obtain a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material and a diaphragm;
s226: recovering the positive electrode material;
s227: recovering the negative electrode material;
s228: recovering the membrane.
7. The method for recycling a lithium ion battery module according to claim 6, wherein the deeply discharging the unit cells comprises: and (3) soaking the single battery in an inorganic salt solution.
8. The method of recycling a lithium ion battery module of claim 6, wherein the recycling the positive electrode material comprises:
s2261: placing the anode material in an anode separation liquid for separation to obtain an anode aluminum foil and anode separation mixed liquid;
s2262: recovering the positive aluminum foil;
s2263: and recovering the positive electrode separation liquid in the positive electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
9. The method of recycling a lithium ion battery module of claim 6, wherein the recycling the negative electrode material comprises:
s2271: placing the negative electrode material in a negative electrode separation solution for separation to obtain a negative electrode aluminum foil and negative electrode separation mixed solution;
s2272: recovering the negative aluminum foil;
s2273: and recovering the negative electrode separation liquid in the negative electrode separation mixed liquid by reduced pressure distillation.
10. The method for recovering a lithium ion battery module according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the positive electrode separation liquid and the negative electrode separation liquid are both an N-methylpyrrolidone solution at 30 to 100 ℃ or a dimethylformamide solution at 30 to 100 ℃.
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