CN111554937A - Negative electrode slurry, negative electrode sheet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Negative electrode slurry, negative electrode sheet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111554937A CN111554937A CN202010457183.5A CN202010457183A CN111554937A CN 111554937 A CN111554937 A CN 111554937A CN 202010457183 A CN202010457183 A CN 202010457183A CN 111554937 A CN111554937 A CN 111554937A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The application provides a negative pole thick liquids, negative pole piece and preparation method thereof, the negative pole thick liquids include active substance, binder, aqueous thickener and conducting agent, still include propylene carbonate, just the binder includes first binder and second binder, first binder is acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the second binder is butylbenzene latex or phenylpropyl latex. The negative electrode slurry prepared by the method has excellent adhesive property, does not have a dry cracking phenomenon during coating, and can greatly improve the peeling strength of the negative electrode plate and the cycle performance and low-temperature performance of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to negative electrode slurry, a negative electrode sheet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high specific energy density, high operating voltage, long storage life, low discharge rate and the like, and are widely applied to various electronic information products.
The performance of lithium ion batteries depends mainly on the electrodes, electrolyte, separator and other battery materials contained therein, wherein the electrodes are particularly important. The electrode generally comprises an active substance, a current collector, a conductive agent and a binder, wherein the binder bonds the active substance and the conductive agent on the surface of the current collector, if the binding power of the binder is strong, the problem of short circuit failure caused by powder falling and burrs is not easy to occur in the processing process and the recycling process of the pole piece, and if the active substance, the conductive agent and the current collector are tightly combined, the contact resistance can be reduced, and the cycle life of the lithium battery is greatly prolonged.
At present, the traditional binder adopts a CMC/SBR system, but the binding network does not completely cover the active substances, and the active substance particles are easy to be seriously pulverized and easily stripped from the electrode in the battery circulation or the expansion process of the pole piece. In addition, the electrode made of the traditional binder is applied to the lithium ion battery, and the low-temperature discharge performance and the cycle performance of the lithium ion battery are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application will be solved is that current electrode slice peel strength is lower, and lithium ion battery's low temperature discharge nature and cycle performance are relatively poor.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application discloses a negative electrode slurry, including active material, binder, aqueous thickener and conductive agent, still include propylene carbonate, just the binder includes first binder and second binder, first binder is acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the second binder is butylbenzene latex or styrene-acrylic latex.
In some embodiments of the present application, the weight of the propylene carbonate is 1.5% to 4% of the total weight of the anode slurry.
In some embodiments of the present application, the dry material of the negative electrode slurry comprises, in weight percent: 93-97% of active substance; 1-3% of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material; styrene-butadiene latex dry material or styrene-acrylic latex dry material 0.5-1%; 0.5 to 1.5 percent of water-based thickening agent; 1 to 1.5 percent of conductive agent.
In some embodiments of the present application, the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material is obtained by drying an acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the viscosity of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is 7000 mpa.s-20000 mpa.s, and the solid content is 7% -15%.
In some embodiments herein, the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion comprises at least one of LA132, LA133, LA135, LA136, and LA 230.
In some embodiments of the present application, the dry styrene-butadiene latex is obtained by drying styrene-butadiene latex, wherein the solid content of the styrene-butadiene latex is 45% to 50%, and the viscosity of the styrene-butadiene latex is 50mpa.s to 400 mpa.s.
In some embodiments of the present application, the styrene-acrylic latex dry material is obtained by drying styrene-acrylic latex, wherein the solid content of the styrene-acrylic latex is 45% to 50%, and the viscosity is 80mpa.s to 2000 mpa.s.
In some embodiments of the present application, the active material comprises at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silica, silicon carbon, silicon alloy, tin alloy, tin oxide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the aqueous thickener comprises at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, and polyvinyl alcohol.
In some embodiments of the present application, the negative electrode paste further includes a conductive agent including at least one of SP, KS-6, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon fibers.
The application also provides a preparation method of the anode slurry, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the aqueous thickener and part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion into water, or only dissolving part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion into water to form glue solution; uniformly mixing an active substance and a conductive agent, adding the mixture into the glue solution, and performing primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution, or uniformly mixing the active substance, the conductive agent and an aqueous thickening agent, adding the mixture into the glue solution, and performing primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution; adding the rest acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, propylene carbonate and the first part of water into the first dispersion liquid for second dispersion to obtain a second dispersion liquid; and adding styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex and a second amount of water into the second dispersion liquid to carry out third dispersion to obtain the cathode slurry.
In some embodiments of the present application, the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion added in forming the cement comprises 25% to 35% of the total acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion.
In some embodiments of the present application, the dope has a viscosity of 5000mpa.s to 8000 mpa.s.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first amount of water comprises 55% to 65% of the total amount of the first amount of water and the second amount of water.
The technical scheme of this application still provides a negative pole piece, including the mass flow body and coating negative pole thick liquids on the mass flow body, the negative pole thick liquids is foretell negative pole thick liquids.
The technical scheme of the application also provides a preparation method of the negative plate, which comprises the following steps: and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector, and drying to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
the negative electrode slurry prepared by using the active substance, the water-based thickening agent, the conductive agent, the composite binder system of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion and the styrene-butadiene latex/styrene-acrylic latex and the propylene carbonate as raw materials has stable system and excellent bonding performance, does not generate a dry cracking phenomenon during coating, and can greatly improve the peeling strength of the negative electrode plate and the cycle performance and low-temperature performance of the battery.
The acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion and the styrene-butadiene latex are selected as composite binders, or the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion and the styrene-acrylic latex are selected as composite binders, so that stronger bonding force can be provided, wherein polyacrylonitrile chain segments on the acrylonitrile multipolymer structure in the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion have ionic conductivity, and better ionic conductivity can be kept at low temperature, the consumption of conductive agents can be reduced, and the cost is reduced. The styrene-butadiene latex or the styrene-acrylic latex and the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion form a composite binder to improve the binding strength, and meanwhile, the styrene-butadiene latex or the styrene-acrylic latex and the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion have better compatibility and cannot generate phase separation; and on the other hand, the styrene-butadiene latex or the styrene-acrylic latex plays a role of a suspending agent in the negative slurry system, so that the stability of the slurry system is improved.
The composite adhesive is uniformly dispersed and coated on the surface of the active substance by adopting a proper amount of propylene carbonate, so that the active substance can be uniformly distributed in the negative electrode slurry, the stability of a slurry system is improved, meanwhile, the problem of pole piece brittleness caused by taking acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion as the adhesive can be remarkably reduced by introducing the propylene carbonate, the flexibility and the peel strength of the pole piece are improved, and the cycle life of the battery is further prolonged.
Furthermore, the propylene carbonate is a component of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, so that the purpose of improving the dispersion effect can be achieved on the premise of not introducing other substances, and the propylene carbonate is liquid at room temperature, so that the pipeline cannot be blocked even if the propylene carbonate is pumped away by a vacuum tube in the process of drying the battery core, and therefore, when a negative pole piece is prepared, the amount of residual propylene carbonate does not need to be controlled, and when negative pole slurry is prepared, thermal melting is not needed.
After the negative electrode slurry is coated on a current collector and dried, propylene carbonate and water are volatilized, the remaining components comprise, by weight, 93-97% of active substances, 1-3% of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry materials, 0.5-1% of styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex dry materials, 0.5-1.5% of aqueous thickening agents and 1-1.5% of conductive agents, and the dry material components in the proportion can enable a pole piece to have relatively good peeling strength and flexibility, so that the prepared battery has excellent low-temperature performance and cycle performance.
According to the preparation method of the cathode slurry provided by the technical scheme, part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion and the aqueous thickening agent are dissolved in water to form a glue solution, or only part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is dissolved in water to form a glue solution, the viscosity of the glue solution is well controlled, active substances and a conductive agent can be well wetted, and the dispersibility of the slurry is improved. In addition, the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is added in batches, so that the viscosity of the system in the preparation process can be controlled not to be too high, and better dispersion is facilitated.
Furthermore, the viscosity of the glue solution is controlled to be 5000-8000 mpa.s, so that the strong adhesive force can be provided, and the problem that the cathode slurry is difficult to prepare due to the fact that the viscosity of the adhesive is too high can be avoided.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present disclosure, and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various local modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the claims.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The embodiment of the application provides a negative pole thick liquids, including active material, binder, waterborne thickener and conductive agent, still include propylene carbonate, just the binder includes first binder and second binder, first binder is acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the second binder is butylbenzene latex or phenylpropyl emulsion.
In the embodiment of the present application, the weight of the propylene carbonate may be 1.5% to 4%, for example, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 4% of the total weight of the negative electrode slurry. By adopting a proper amount of propylene carbonate, the first binder and the second binder can be uniformly dispersed and coated on the surface of the active substance, so that the active substance can be uniformly distributed in the negative pole slurry, the stability of a slurry system is improved, the flexibility and the peel strength of the pole piece can be improved, the pole piece is not easy to generate the phenomena of powder falling, burrs and the like, and the cycle life of the battery is further prolonged.
In the embodiment of the application, the dry materials of the negative electrode slurry comprise an active substance, an acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material, a styrene-butadiene latex dry material or a styrene-acrylic latex dry material, an aqueous thickening agent and a conductive agent, wherein the dry materials refer to all materials except water and propylene carbonate in the negative electrode slurry, and generally, the water in the negative electrode slurry accounts for 46-52% of the total weight of the negative electrode slurry.
The acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material can be 1-3% by weight, such as 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% and the like. The acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material is obtained by drying acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is a water-based adhesive and has good adhesive property, and the acrylonitrile multipolymer in the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion has a polyacrylonitrile chain segment which has ionic conductivity.
At present, a composite conductive agent is mostly used as a conductive agent of a lithium ion power battery, namely, a granular conductive agent and a fibrous conductive agent are used cooperatively, and the introduction of an acrylonitrile multipolymer can greatly reduce the usage amount of the fibrous conductive agent, and meanwhile, the conductivity of the whole system is not influenced, so that the cost is reduced.
The viscosity of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is 7000 mpa.s-20000 mpa.s, the solid content is 7% -15%, and the particle size of the acrylonitrile multipolymer in the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion can be 0.3-1 μm. For example, at least one of LA132, LA133, LA135, LA136 and LA230 may be used, and may be synthesized by a conventionally known method, or a commercially available product may be directly used, and for example, LA133 used in the examples of the present application is manufactured by gdyrhiz battery material ltd, and has a viscosity of 7300mpa.s to 10000 mpa.s.
The weight percentage of the styrene-butadiene latex dry material can be 0.5-1%, such as 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1% and the like. The styrene-butadiene latex dry material is obtained by drying styrene-butadiene latex, the effective component in the styrene-butadiene latex comprises a polystyrene butadiene copolymer, and the structural formula of the polystyrene butadiene copolymer is as follows:
wherein the values of m and n are adjusted according to actual conditions. Of course, the polystyrene butadiene copolymer is not limited to being a linear molecule, and conventional grafting may be performed on a linear chain to form a branched molecule. It should be noted that the technical solution of the present application focuses not on increasing the viscosity by molecular design, but on the viscosity and solid content of the styrene-butadiene latex used, and the styrene-butadiene latex may be commercially available.
The solid content of the styrene-butadiene latex can be 45-50%, and the viscosity can be 50-400 mpa.s. The particle size of the styrene-butadiene latex particles in the styrene-butadiene latex can be 100 nm-150 nm.
In the embodiment of the application, the styrene-butadiene latex can be replaced by styrene-acrylic latex, the solid content of the styrene-acrylic latex is 45-50%, the viscosity is 80-2000 mpa.s, the particle size of styrene-acrylic latex particles in the styrene-acrylic latex is 100-300 nm, and the weight percentage of the styrene-acrylic latex dry material in the dry material of the negative electrode slurry is 0.5-1% because the solid content of the styrene-acrylic latex is the same as that of the styrene-butadiene latex.
The polymer in the styrene-acrylic latex is a styrene-acrylic ester copolymer, an acrylic ester chain segment in the styrene-acrylic ester copolymer can be provided by methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and the like, an ester group on the acrylic ester chain segment increases the affinity of the binder and the electrolyte, a large number of electronegative elements exist in the molecular chain of the styrene-acrylic ester copolymer, the electronegative elements have a large number of oxygen lone pair electrons, and can continuously perform a complexing/decomplexing reaction with lithium ions under the action of an electric field, so that the diffusion of the lithium ions is facilitated, and the battery has excellent low-temperature performance.
The active substance may be present in an amount of 93% to 97% by weight, for example 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97% etc. The active material may include at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silica, silicon carbon, silicon alloy, tin alloy, tin oxide.
The weight percentage of the water-based thickening agent is 0.5-1.5%, such as 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and the like. The aqueous thickener may include at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, and polyvinyl alcohol. The aqueous thickener has a thickening effect in a battery, can improve the leveling property during coating, can prevent the components from layering and settling during proportioning, and further improves the dispersing effect.
The weight percentage of the conductive agent is 1% -1.5%, for example, 1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, etc. The conductive agent includes at least one of SP (conductive carbon black), KS-6 (conductive graphite), graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon fibers.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the cathode slurry, the preparation method is that part of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion and aqueous thickening agent are dissolved to form mixed glue solution, and the rest acrylonitrile multipolymer is added in the later stage of the pulp mixing process, and the preparation method mainly comprises the following steps:
dissolving an aqueous thickening agent and part of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion in water to form glue solution;
uniformly mixing an active substance and a conductive agent, and adding the active substance and the conductive agent into the glue solution for primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution;
adding the rest acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, propylene carbonate and the first part of water into the first dispersion liquid for second dispersion to obtain a second dispersion liquid;
and adding styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex and a second amount of water into the second dispersion liquid to carry out third dispersion to obtain the cathode slurry.
In other embodiments of the present application, the preparation of the above-mentioned negative electrode slurry may further include dissolving a part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion in water, and adding the rest of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion at a later stage of the slurry mixing process, and the preparation method mainly includes the following steps:
dissolving part of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion in water to form glue solution;
uniformly mixing an active substance, a conductive agent and an aqueous thickening agent, and adding the mixture into the glue solution for primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution;
adding the rest acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, propylene carbonate and the first part of water into the first dispersion liquid for second dispersion to obtain a second dispersion liquid;
and adding styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex and a second amount of water into the second dispersion liquid to carry out third dispersion to obtain the cathode slurry.
In some embodiments of the present application, the acrylonitrile multipolymer added in forming the cement comprises 25% to 35% of the total acrylonitrile multipolymer. And the viscosity of the glue solution is controlled to be 5000-8000 mpa.s, so that the viscosity of the system is not too high, and better dispersion is facilitated.
According to the embodiment of the application, the negative electrode slurry is prepared by a multi-time dispersion method, and the dispersion effect can be optimal and the stability is best by adopting a proper linear speed during dispersion.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first dispersing linear speed is 15rpm to 18rpm, and the dispersing time is 60min to 80 min.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first amount of water comprises 55% to 65% of the total amount of the first amount of water and the second amount of water.
In some embodiments of the present application, the linear speed of the second dispersing is 18rpm to 22rpm, and the dispersing time is 30min to 45 min.
In some embodiments of the present application, the linear speed of the third dispersing is 14rpm to 16rpm, and the dispersing time is 30min to 45 min.
In some embodiments of the present application, the method for preparing the anode paste further includes performing a defoaming treatment on the anode paste: stirring for 30-60 min under the conditions that the linear speed is 12-16 rpm and the vacuum degree is-85-90 kpa.
The embodiment of the application also provides a negative plate and a preparation method thereof, the negative plate comprises a current collector and negative slurry coated on the current collector, and the negative slurry is the negative slurry. The preparation method of the negative plate comprises the following steps: and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector, and drying to obtain a negative electrode sheet. Because the propylene carbonate is liquid at normal temperature, the residual propylene carbonate does not need to be removed.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and those skilled in the art can appropriately modify the present invention without changing the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Selection of materials: artificial graphite (kaiku new energy science and technology, ltd.), LA133 (manufactured by gdu da, baffu, germany, model number of Binder21-11ap, and the second Binder in the following examples is styrene butadiene latex), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, shanghai cellophane plastics industries, ltd.), conductive agent sp (timal), and propylene carbonate (PC, xianghe kunlun chemical products, ltd.).
Preparing anode slurry: dissolving CMC and part of LA133 (30 percent of the total weight of LA 133) in water to prepare glue solution, controlling the viscosity of the glue solution to 7000mpa.s, and filtering the glue solution for later use; adding artificial graphite and SP into a slurry mixing kettle, stirring for 15min under the condition that the linear speed is 16rpm, and uniformly mixing; adding the prepared glue solution into a slurry mixing kettle, and stirring to form a first dispersion solution, wherein the stirring linear speed is 16rpm, and the stirring time is 80 min; adding the remaining 70% of LA133, a first amount of pure water (60% of the total amount of pure water) and PC to the first dispersion liquid, and performing second dispersion to form a second dispersion liquid, wherein the linear speed of the dispersion is 20rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; adding SBR and the residual 40% pure water into the second dispersion liquid, and performing third dispersion, wherein the dispersion linear speed is 15rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; defoaming treatment, dispersing at a linear speed of 14rpm, vacuumizing to-90 kpa, and dispersing for 60 min. Wherein, the weight of the added PC is 2.5 percent of the total weight of the anode slurry.
Preparing a negative plate: and (3) filtering the prepared negative pole slurry by two stages of 150-200 meshes (through a filter screen or a scraper filter), removing iron by 10000 Gauss, transmitting to an extrusion coating process, coating and drying two surfaces of the pole piece, and performing cold rolling on the coated negative pole piece to obtain the negative pole piece with a certain compaction density.
The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 1.5% of LA133 dry material; 0.5% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 1.5% SP.
The preparation of the positive plate comprises the steps of mixing 97% of nickel cobalt lithium manganate, 1.5% of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and 1.5% of conductive carbon by weight percentage of dry materials to prepare slurry, wherein the solvent of the slurry is N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and the solid content of the slurry is 60%. And uniformly coating the slurry on two sides of the aluminum foil, and performing hot rolling compaction on the aluminum foil by using a rolling machine to obtain the positive pole piece.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: cutting the positive plate of example 1 and the negative plate of example 1, laminating the positive plate and the negative plate together with a ceramic isolating film, welding a conductive tab, packaging the conductive tab in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, injecting 1mol/L electrolyte, wherein the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery is obtained by drying, injecting liquid, sealing once, aging, forming, degassing, sealing twice (cutting off air bags), folding edges, grading, aging, grouping and testing capacity after packaging.
Example 2
Selection of materials: the same as in example 1.
Preparing anode slurry: the same as example 1, wherein the weight of PC added was 1.5% of the total weight of the anode slurry.
Preparing a negative plate: the method steps are the same as example 1, except that the content of the components left on the negative electrode sheet after the negative electrode slurry is dried is different. The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 1.5% of LA133 dry material; 0.5% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 1.5% SP.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: cutting the positive plate of example 1 and the negative plate of example 2, laminating the positive plate and the negative plate together with a ceramic isolating film, welding a conductive tab, packaging the conductive tab in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, injecting 1mol/L electrolyte, wherein the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, EMC and DMC, and the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery is obtained by drying, injecting liquid, sealing once, aging, forming, degassing, sealing twice (cutting off air bag), folding edge, grading volume, aging, grouping and testing capacity.
Example 3
Selection of materials: the same as in example 1.
Preparing anode slurry: the preparation method is the same as example 1. Wherein, the weight of the added PC is 3.5 percent of the total weight of the anode slurry.
Preparing a negative plate: the preparation method is the same as example 1. The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 1.5% of LA133 dry material; 0.5% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 3.5% SP.
Preparing a positive plate: the same as in example 1.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: cutting the positive plate of example 1 and the negative plate of example 3, laminating the positive plate and the negative plate together with a ceramic isolating film, welding a conductive tab, packaging the conductive tab in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, injecting 1mol/L electrolyte, wherein the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, EMC and DMC, and the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery is obtained by drying, injecting liquid, sealing once, aging, forming, degassing, sealing twice (cutting off air bag), folding edge, grading volume, aging, grouping and testing capacity.
Comparative example 1
Selection of materials: artificial graphite (kaikin new energy science and technology, inc.), styrene-butadiene latex (SBR, basf, germany, model number Binder21-11ap, and styrene-butadiene latex is used as an example for the second Binder in the examples below), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, shanghai xylonite plastics industries, inc.), conductive agent sp (timal), and propylene carbonate (PC, xianghe kunlun chemicals, inc.).
Preparing anode slurry: dissolving CMC in water to prepare a glue solution, controlling the viscosity of the glue solution to 7000mpa.s, and filtering the glue solution for later use; adding artificial graphite and SP into a slurry mixing kettle, stirring for 15min under the condition that the linear speed is 16rpm, and uniformly mixing; adding the prepared glue solution into a slurry mixing kettle, and stirring to form a first dispersion solution, wherein the stirring linear speed is 16rpm, and the stirring time is 80 min; adding a first amount of pure water (accounting for 60 percent of the total amount of the pure water) and PC into the first dispersion liquid, and performing second dispersion to form a second dispersion liquid, wherein the linear velocity of the dispersion liquid is 20rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; adding SBR and the residual 40% pure water into the second dispersion liquid, and performing third dispersion, wherein the dispersion linear speed is 15rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; defoaming treatment, dispersing at a linear speed of 14rpm, vacuumizing to-90 kpa, and dispersing for 60 min. Wherein, the weight of the added PC is 2.5 percent of the total weight of the anode slurry.
Preparing a negative plate: the preparation method is the same as example 1. The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 2% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 1.5% SP.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: cutting the positive plate of example 1 and the negative plate of comparative example 1, laminating the positive plate and the negative plate together with a ceramic isolating film, welding a conductive tab, packaging the conductive tab in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, injecting 1mol/L electrolyte, wherein the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, EMC and DMC, and the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery is obtained by drying, injecting liquid, sealing once, aging, forming, degassing, sealing twice (cutting off air bag), folding edge, grading volume, aging, grouping and testing capacity.
Comparative example 2
Selection of materials: artificial graphite (kaiku new energy science and technology, ltd.), LA133 (manufactured by gdu da, baffu, germany, model number of Binder21-11ap, and styrene butadiene latex (hereinafter referred to as "SBR latex"), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, shanghai, dall plastics industries, ltd.), and conductive agent sp (timal).
Preparing anode slurry: dissolving CMC and part of LA133 (30 percent of the total weight of LA 133) in water to prepare glue solution, controlling the viscosity of the glue solution to 7000mpa.s, and filtering the glue solution for later use; adding artificial graphite and SP into the slurry mixing kettle, stirring for 15min under the condition that the linear speed is 16rpm, and uniformly mixing; adding the prepared glue solution into a slurry mixing kettle, and stirring to form a first dispersion solution, wherein the stirring linear speed is 16rpm, and the stirring time is 80 min; adding the remaining 70% of LA133 and a first part of pure water (accounting for 60% of the total amount of pure water) into the first dispersion liquid, and performing second dispersion to form a second dispersion liquid, wherein the linear speed of the dispersion liquid is 20rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; adding SBR and the residual 40% pure water into the second dispersion liquid, and performing third dispersion, wherein the dispersion linear speed is 15rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; defoaming treatment, dispersing at a linear speed of 14rpm, vacuumizing to-90 kpa, and dispersing for 60 min.
Preparing a negative plate: and (3) filtering the prepared negative pole slurry by two stages of 100-150 meshes (through a filter screen or a scraper filter), removing iron by 10000 Gauss, transmitting to an extrusion coating process, coating and drying two surfaces of the pole piece, and performing cold rolling on the coated negative pole piece to obtain the negative pole piece with a certain compaction density.
The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 1.5% LA 133; 0.5% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 3.5% SP.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: cutting the positive plate of example 1 and the negative plate of comparative example 2, laminating the positive plate and the negative plate together with a ceramic isolation film, welding a conductive tab, packaging the conductive tab in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, injecting 1mol/L electrolyte, wherein the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, EMC and DMC, and the battery is dried, injected with liquid, sealed once,Aging, forming, degassing, secondary sealing (cutting off air bags), folding edges, grading, aging, grouping and capacity testing to obtain the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery.
Comparative example 3
Selection of materials: artificial graphite (kaiku new energy science and technology, inc.), styrene-butadiene latex (SBR, basf, germany, model number Binder21-11ap, the second Binder in the examples below is styrene-butadiene latex, for example), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, shanghai xylonite plastics industries, inc.) and a conductive agent sp (timal).
Preparing anode slurry: dissolving CMC in water to prepare a glue solution, controlling the viscosity of the glue solution to 7000mpa.s, and filtering the glue solution for later use; adding artificial graphite and SP into a slurry mixing kettle, stirring for 15min under the condition that the linear speed is 16rpm, and uniformly mixing; adding the prepared glue solution into a slurry mixing kettle, and stirring to form a first dispersion solution, wherein the stirring linear speed is 16rpm, and the stirring time is 80 min; adding a first amount of pure water (accounting for 60 percent of the total amount of the pure water) into the first dispersion liquid, and performing second dispersion to form a second dispersion liquid, wherein the linear velocity of the dispersion liquid is 20rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; adding SBR and the residual 40% pure water into the second dispersion liquid, and performing third dispersion, wherein the dispersion linear speed is 15rpm, and the dispersion time is 45 min; defoaming treatment, dispersing at a linear speed of 14rpm, vacuumizing to-90 kpa, and dispersing for 60 min.
Preparing a negative plate: and (3) filtering the prepared negative pole slurry by two stages of 100-150 meshes (through a filter screen or a scraper filter), removing iron by 10000 Gauss, transmitting to an extrusion coating process, coating and drying two surfaces of a pole piece, and performing cold rolling on the coated negative pole piece to obtain the negative pole piece with a certain compaction density.
The negative electrode slurry is dried and then left on the negative electrode plate and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of artificial graphite; 2% of dry SBR material; 1.5% CMC; 1.5% SP.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: the positive electrode sheet of example 1 and the negative electrode sheet of comparative example 3 were cut, laminated with a ceramic separator, and electrically conductive sheets were weldedThe tab is packaged in an aluminum plastic film packaging bag and injected with 1mol/L electrolyte, and the solute is LiPF6The solvent is formed by mixing EC, PC, EMC and DMC, and the 5Ah square soft package lithium battery is obtained by drying, injecting liquid, sealing once, aging, forming, degassing, sealing twice (cutting off air bag), folding edge, grading volume, aging, grouping and testing capacity.
For the above examples and comparative examples, a plurality of tests were set to test the peel strength of the electrodes.
Testing peel Strength
The obtained negative electrode sheet was cut into a rectangular shape having a length of 20mm × a width of 10cm to prepare a test piece, the test piece was adhered to a clean stainless steel plate with a double-sided adhesive having a width of 20mm, a 180 ° peel stress was applied from one end of the test piece at a speed of 50mm/min by using an Shimadzu AG-X50N universal tensile machine, and the average value thereof was measured 5 times to obtain a peel strength, and the specific results are shown in Table 1. The higher the peel strength, the better the adhesion state between the electrode active material layer and the current collector.
Table 1 peel strength test results of negative electrode sheet
Note: in table 1, the active materials of the examples and comparative examples are all artificial graphite and have a weight fraction of 95%, and the moisture and PC in the negative electrode slurry are substantially volatilized after the coating step, so that the contents of LA133, SBR, CMC, and SP are all calculated as a dry negative electrode slurry and the content of PC is calculated as a wet negative electrode slurry.
Referring to table 1, the negative electrode slurries of examples 1 to 3 of the present application each include LA133, SBR, CMC, SP, and PC. Comparing example 1 with example 2, the peel strength of the negative electrode sheet was reduced by 25% when the amount of PC added was reduced; comparing example 1 with example 3, the peel strength of the negative electrode sheet decreased by 20% when the amount of PC added was reduced. Overall, the peel strength of examples 1 to 3 was higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 3.
The negative electrode pastes of comparative examples 1 to 3 were obtained by removing a part of the components in the examples (example 1) of the present application. In comparative example 1 and comparative example 1, the peel strength of the negative electrode sheet after the LA133 was removed was reduced by 45%; in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the peel strength of the negative electrode sheet after PC removal was reduced by 50%; comparing example 1 and comparative example 3, while removing LA133 and PC, the negative electrode sheet peel strength decreased by as much as 70%.
Therefore, LA133 and PC have the most significant influence on the peel strength of the electrode sheet, and the negative electrode slurry of the examples of the present application contains LA133, SBR, CMC, SP, and PC together, and when the mixture ratio is appropriate, a negative electrode sheet with high peel strength can be obtained.
In addition to the characteristics of the negative electrode sheet, the characteristics of the lithium batteries prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present application were also tested.
And (3) normal-temperature cycle test: the test equipment is a new power 5V 20A lithium battery performance detector. Charging to 3.65V at 1C CCCV for 10min at normal temperature, and discharging to 2.5V at 1C for 10 min. The cycle was repeated 500 times, and the discharge capacity ratio of the 500 th cycle to the 1 st cycle was expressed as a percentage as a capacity retention rate.
And (3) low-temperature discharge test: at normal temperature, charging to 3.65V at constant current and constant voltage of 1C, stopping current to 0.05C, standing at-10 deg.C for 8h, discharging to 3.0V at 1C, and discharging to 2.5V at 0.2C to obtain discharge capacity at low temperature.
The results of the characteristic tests of the lithium batteries prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 characteristic test results of lithium battery
Note: in table 2, the active materials of the examples and comparative examples are all artificial graphite and have a weight fraction of 95%, and the moisture and PC in the negative electrode slurry are substantially volatilized after the coating step, so that the contents of LA133, SBR, CMC, and SP are all calculated as a dry negative electrode slurry and the content of PC is calculated as a wet negative electrode slurry.
Referring to table 2, as a whole, the capacity retention rate of the batteries of examples 1 to 3 is higher than that of the batteries of comparative examples 1 to 3, and the low-temperature discharge capacity of the batteries of examples 1 to 3 is also substantially higher than that of the batteries of comparative examples 1 and 3 (the reason that the low-temperature discharge capacity of comparative example 2 is rather high will be described later), which shows that the prepared batteries have longer cycle life and excellent low-temperature discharge performance when the negative electrode slurry contains LA133, SBR, CMC, SP and PC at the same time, wherein the influence of the PC and LA133 on the capacity retention rate and the low-temperature discharge capacity is particularly significant.
Comparing example 1 and example 2, as the addition amount of PC increased from 1.5% to 2.5%, the capacity retention rate increased from 91% to 92%; comparing example 1 and example 3, as the addition amount of PC is increased from 2.5% to 3.5%, the capacity retention rate is decreased from 92% to 90%. Therefore, the addition amount of PC is not larger, and the better is because if the PC is added too much, the PC is volatilized in the drying process of the pole piece, and the surface smoothness of the pole piece is deteriorated. The addition amount of PC has a great influence on the peel strength of the negative electrode sheet and the capacity retention rate of the battery.
Since the PC is almost completely volatilized after the coating process, the addition amount of PC does not greatly affect the low-temperature discharge capacity of the battery, and the addition amount of SP plays a key role in the low-temperature discharge capacity. For example, in comparative example 3 and comparative example 2, in the case where the active material content is the same as the SP content, the low-temperature discharge capacity of example 3 is slightly larger than that of comparative example 2 because the addition of PC facilitates the dispersion of the slurry. In contrast, in comparative examples 1 and 2 and comparative example 2, the SP content of comparative example 2 was 3.5%, and the SP contents of examples 1 and 2 were 1.5%, so that the low-temperature discharge capacity of comparative example 2 was high.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, the capacity retention rate of the battery was improved by 6.98% and the low-temperature discharge capacity was increased by 5.92% after increasing LA 133. Comparing example 1 with comparative example 3, after increasing LA133 and PC, the capacity retention rate and the low-temperature discharge capacity of the battery were greatly improved, wherein the capacity retention rate was increased by 9.52%, and the low-temperature discharge capacity was increased by 11.18%.
In conclusion, the negative electrode slurry prepared from the specific components has excellent adhesive property and system stability, the negative electrode sheet prepared from the negative electrode slurry has high peel strength, and the lithium ion battery prepared from the negative electrode sheet has excellent cycle performance and low-temperature performance.
Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the application disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the disclosed embodiments are presented by way of example only, and not limitation. Those skilled in the art may implement the present application in alternative configurations according to the embodiments of the present application. Thus, embodiments of the present application are not limited to those embodiments described with accuracy in the application.
Claims (16)
1. The negative electrode slurry comprises an active substance, a binder, a water-based thickener and a conductive agent, and is characterized by further comprising propylene carbonate, wherein the binder comprises a first binder and a second binder, the first binder is acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, and the second binder is styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex.
2. The negative electrode slurry of claim 1, wherein the weight of the propylene carbonate is 1.5-4% of the total weight of the negative electrode slurry.
3. The negative electrode slurry of claim 1, wherein the dry material of the negative electrode slurry comprises, in weight percent:
93-97% of active substance;
1 to 3 percent of acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material;
styrene-butadiene latex dry material or styrene-acrylic latex dry material 0.5-1%;
0.5 to 1.5 percent of water-based thickening agent;
1 to 1.5 percent of conductive agent.
4. The negative electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion dry material is obtained by drying an acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, the viscosity of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion is 7000 mpa.s-20000 mpa.s, and the solid content is 7% -15%.
5. The negative electrode slurry of claim 4, wherein the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion comprises at least one of LA132, LA133, LA135, LA136 and LA 230.
6. The negative electrode slurry according to claim 1, wherein the styrene-butadiene latex dry material is obtained by drying styrene-butadiene latex, the solid content of the styrene-butadiene latex is 45-50%, and the viscosity is 50-400 mpa.s.
7. The negative electrode slurry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the styrene-acrylic latex dry material is obtained by drying styrene-acrylic latex, the solid content of the styrene-acrylic latex is 45-50%, and the viscosity is 80-2000 mpa.s.
8. The anode slurry according to claim 1, wherein the active material includes at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silica, silicon carbon, silicon alloy, tin alloy, and tin oxide.
9. The anode slurry of claim 1, wherein the aqueous thickener comprises at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate, and polyvinyl alcohol.
10. The anode slurry of claim 1, further comprising a conductive agent comprising at least one of SP, KS-6, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon fibers.
11. A method for preparing the anode slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:
dissolving the aqueous thickener and part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion into water, or only dissolving part of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion into water to form glue solution;
uniformly mixing an active substance and a conductive agent, adding the mixture into the glue solution, and performing primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution, or uniformly mixing the active substance, the conductive agent and an aqueous thickening agent, adding the mixture into the glue solution, and performing primary dispersion to obtain a first dispersion solution;
adding the rest acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion, propylene carbonate and the first part of water into the first dispersion liquid for second dispersion to obtain a second dispersion liquid;
and adding styrene-butadiene latex or styrene-acrylic latex and a second amount of water into the second dispersion liquid to carry out third dispersion to obtain the cathode slurry.
12. The method for preparing the negative electrode slurry according to claim 11, wherein the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion added in the formation of the slurry solution accounts for 25 to 35 percent of the total amount of the acrylonitrile multipolymer emulsion.
13. The method for preparing the negative electrode slurry according to claim 11, wherein the viscosity of the glue solution is 5000-8000 mpa.s.
14. The method of preparing the anode slurry according to claim 11, wherein the first amount of water is 55 to 65% of a total amount of the first amount of water and the second amount of water.
15. A negative electrode sheet comprising a current collector and a negative electrode slurry coated on the current collector, wherein the negative electrode slurry is the negative electrode slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
16. A preparation method of a negative plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: coating the negative electrode slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 10 on a negative electrode current collector, and drying to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
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| WO2022237534A1 (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-11-17 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Composite adhesive and preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| CN115513461A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-23 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode slurry, preparation method, negative electrode sheet, battery pack and electric equipment |
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